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3/13/16
1
Nazism-Fascism
UnderstandingsOfNaziFascism
WhatarethePolitical, Economic andSocialideastoNazi Fascism?
POLITICALIDEAS
• Cultoftheleaderandeliterule.• Extremenationalism.• Organizedviolenceandwarand
military force.• It isinthecountry’snationalinterest
toexpanditsterritory.
ECONOMICIDEAS• Agovernment-directedprivate
enterpriseeconomytoservetheneedsandinterestsofthestate.
• Anti-union/anti-workersrights.
SOCIALIDEAS
• Inequalities betweenindividuals andgroups ofpeople.
• Racial purity.• Racial ornational Superiority.• National strength moreimportant than individualrights.
.
Maximumpolitical
freedom forindividuals
Maximumeconomic
freedom forindividuals
Maximumpolitical
controlbygovernment
Maximumeconomiccontrolbygovernment
1DemocraticSocialism
2DemocraticCapitalism
3Communism
4 Fascism
Political-economicgridbasedonthedegreeofeconomicandpoliticalfreedomorgovernmentcontrolfavoredbyparticularideologies.
3/13/16
2
SocialDarwinism
SocialDarwinismisaevolutiontheorybyCharlesDarwin,itmeantthatoneswhoadapttochangesfasterwillbeattheoneswhofallbehindwhenchangesoccur.Itwasknowas“survivalofthefittest”aswell.
(InternetDefinition)
SocialDarwinismAndFascists• Thepopularnotionthat
animalsevolvethroughcompetitionandnaturalselection.SocialDarwinismpromotesthenotionthatsomeindividualsorgroupsachievepowerandadvantageoverothersbecausetheyarestrongerorfitter.SomeFascistsadoptedthisideatousethemtojustifypoliciesthatdiscriminatedagainstpeople,oftenwithviolence
THETREATYOFVERSAILLES
Thetreatyincludedthefollowingterms:• Germanymustgiveupsomeofitsownterritoryandallof
itsoverseascolonies.• Germanymustacceptresponsibilityforcausingallloss
anddamagetoalliedgovernments.• Germanymustpaytheequivalentof20,000,000,000
goldmarks(4.5billiondollars)inreparationstoAlliedgovernmentsbetween1919and1921,andanadditional80,000,000,000goldmarks(withinterest)afterthistime.
HitlerandtheRiseofNazismInthe 1920’s, Hitlerbegan to rise power intheNazi party.By1923hedecided that thepartywould need toseize power by force.After heattempted totakeover thegovernment by forceand it failed ,hewassent tojail, and theNazi partywasbanned.While inprison, Hitlerwrote abook describinghis understandings ofFascism.
HitlerTheDictatorHitlercreatedhisown formofFascism,Nazism.ToensurethesupportoftheGermanpeople,Hitlerusedsuch techniquessuchasthefollowing.• Propaganda• Youthmovements• Theeliminationofhisopposition• Theuseofterrorandforce(the
SS)• Scapegoats(TheJewish
population)Thesetechniquesencouragedtherejectionofthepoliticalvaluesofliberalism inGermany.Hitlerusedhisownversionoffascismtotakeawayindividual rightsandfreedomsfrompeoplehedidnotdeempartofhisideal society.
Usingpropaganda, indoctrination,terrorand
force
Using Themilitaryorpolice, andviolence, tocreatea
climate offear
Removingleadersorpartiesthatpose athreattothedictator
Holdingelections inwhich itis
impossible forpeople tovotefor anyoneelse
Techniques ofDictatorshipsCensoringthemedia,for
example,writersandartists,andcontrollingparticipation
Glorifyingtheleader andhis
accomplishments
Rewritingcurriculumandtextbooksto
portray thegloryofthenationand
theleader
Holdingrallies,givingpowerfulspeeches,andcreating youthmovementstoteach“accepted”
values