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Native Americans
1
Introduction
Native Americans or Indians were the first people to live in the
New World. They had been living there long before the first Euro-
peans arrived.
In 1492, Columbus sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to find a
shorter and faster route to India. When he landed on an island
near the American coast he thought he had reached India, so he
called the people he met there Indians.
Many historians think that the first Indians came to the American
continent from Asia over 20,000 years ago. At that time it was
very cold and ice covered most of the northern part of our world.
Indian tribes wandered across the Bering Strait and spread down
to the southern part of South America.
Indians lived in different ways and had different cultures that depended on the climate
and their surroundings.
Family Life Most Indians concentrated on the important things in life: getting food, making clothes
and building houses.
Food
Indians ate many different kinds of food.
Those who lived on the plains of the Central
United States ate the meat of buffalo. The
Pueblos of the south-western part lived on
corn, beans and squash. Indians in Alaska
and Canada were fishers and hunted deer
and other wild animals in the forests. Most
Indians ate berries and collected nuts.
Indians cooked their food in ovens that they
made with hot stones. They preserved meat
by smoking or drying it in the sun.
Marriage and Children
Many Indians married at an early age – girls between 13 and 15, boys between 15 and 20.
In some Indian tribes parents chose husbands and wives for their children. Some Indian
tribes allowed men to have more than one wife. After a man died his wife often lived
with his brother’s family.
Most Indian families were small because many children died at birth or at an early age.
When boys got older they were tested for their strength and bravery. Many had to live
alone in the wilderness for a long time.
In many areas, Indians lived in big families called clans. These clans were a group of
relatives who had one common ancestor.
WORDS
ancestor = a member of your family who lived a long time
ago
area = place
at birth = when a baby is born
bean =a small seed or fruit that comes from a climbing plant ;
it is cooked and used as food
berry = a small soft fruit with
seeds
bravery =actions that show you
have courage and are not afraid
buffalo = an animal that is like a large cow with long curved
horns
coast = where land meets the
sea
common =shared,
cover =a layer over something
deer = a large wild animal that can run very fast. It eats grass
and has horns
depend =affected by something
else
historians= people who study
history
oven = a place in which you
cook food
plains = large areas of flat and
mostly dry land
preserve = to make something
last for a long tme
reach = get to
relative = member of a family
spread down =move to
squash = large vegetables that
have a hard skin
surroundings = the world
around you
strength = the power and en-ergy that makes someone
strong
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same language. They are
ruled by a leader
wilderness = land where no-
body lives or works on
Native Americans
2
Clothing
Many Indians made clothes from animal skins and furs. Buf-
falo skin and rabbit fur were especially popular. They also
used bird feathers to decorate their heads.
Indians of the tropical regions only wore simple skirts. Some
tribes wore no clothes at all
Houses and Homes
Indians built many different types of homes because they lived in different climates and
didn’t have the same building materials. Some groups built large houses with many
rooms where many families could stay together, others had small dwellings in which
only very few people lived.
The Inuit of Canada built snow houses during the winter and in summer they lived in
tents made of animal hides.
In some parts of America, Indians built wigwams that were covered with leaves. Some
tribes built houses into the earth that they covered with leaves and grass.
Indians of in the Great Plains built tepees made of buffalo skin. The Pueblo Indians of
the south-western part of America used sun-dried bricks to make houses.
Government
Families and whole clans joined together to form
tribes. Hundreds of tribes lived in America when Co-
lumbus arrived in 1492. Each tribe lived in its own
area, shared the same language and had its own re-
ligion. The leader of the tribe was called a chief. De-
cisions were made at meetings of the tribal council.
Members were important people of many different
families.
WORDS
brick = a hard block of baked clay used to build
houses
buffalo = an animal that is like a large cow with long
curved horns
building material = things that you use to build
houses with
cover =a layer over some-
thing
decision = choice
decorate = to make some-thing look very nice by
putting things on it
dwelling = a place where
people live
especially = above all
few = not very many
fur = the thick soft hair
around an animal’s body
Great Plains = a large area of flat land in the
middle of the USA
hide = an animal’s skin
join = to get together
popular = if many people
like something very much
share = to have together
skirt =clothes that women wear ; they hang down
from the waist
sun-dried = if you leave something in the sun to
dry
tent = a sheet of cloth that is held down by poles and ropes; it is used for
camping
tribal council = when members of the tribe get together to discuss impor-
tant things
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same lan-guage. They are ruled by a
leader
Native Americans
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Warfare Indians often fought against other tribes because it was sometimes the only way to set-
tle disputes.
The bow and arrow was the most common weapon of
the Indians. Some tribes put poison on the arrow-
heads. Many Indians fought with spears and toma-
hawks.
When an Indian defeated his enemy he often took his
scalp as a prize to show to others. Killing an enemy
tribesman often made a warrior famous and re-
spected.
When white people came to North America, Indians
bought guns and other new weapons from them.
Arts and Crafts Native Americans worked in many arts and crafts. They
created beautiful pottery, made baskets to carry food
and wove cloth into blankets and rugs.
Indians also painted their pottery with colourful pat-
terns. Some made wall paintings of important ceremo-
nies or everyday life.
Religion Indians did not have one single religion, but they did have many beliefs. They believed
in a mysterious force in nature and in spirits that were higher than human beings and
influenced their lives.
People depended on them when they searched for food or when people were ill. Some
tribes believed in one or many gods – special sprits that were more powerful than oth-
ers.
Shamans were religious people who had close contacts with spirits. They were often
medicine men and treated sick people in a family.
They set broken bones and used plants to cure cer-
tain diseases. When helping the ill they often
moved around their bodies and sang songs.
Many ceremonies were held to help Indians get
enough food. The Plains Indians thought that the
buffalo dance would help them hunt buffalo. Some
tribes held harvest festivals and organised rain
dances where they prayed to gods for enough rain.
Music accompanied the Indians through everyday
life. Many tribes sang to the rhythm of rattles and
drums. Some tribes used flutes and whistles.
accompany = to go with somebody or something arrowhead = the sharp pointed end of an arrow basket =container made of wood that is woven together; you can put things in it beliefs = ideas that you think are true blanket =a cover for a bed, made of wool bow and arrow =a weapon made of a long curved piece of wood; the ends are connected with a string; you shoot long thin pointed pieces of wood with it drum =musical instrument that you play be hitting the surface with a stick enemies = people you don’t like and fight against ceremony = a very important event cloth = material that is used to make clothes common = popular, liked by many people craft = to make things with your hands cure = to heal defeat = to win against depend on = if you need some-thing disease = illness flute =musical instrument that looks like a pipe ; you blow air into it and cover some of the holes to make a sound force =power, strength influence =to have an effect on harvest =to bring in the fruits or the crop poison =something that you eat or drink that may kill or hurt you pottery = objects made out of baked clay pray =to say words to God rattle = an object that makes noise when you shake it respected = if other people like you because you have done good things rug = a small carpet scalp = the skin on top of your head set = to repair settle disputes = to end argu-ments spear = a pole with a sharp point on one end spirit = something that has no body but people think it exists tomahawk= a light axe used by Indians tribesman = a member of a tribe warrior = a very brave fighter weapon =something that you use to attack a person with, like a gun or a knife whistle =a small object that you blow into; it produces a high sound
Native Americans
4
The destruction of Indian America The arrival of the Europeans in the New World was the beginning of the end of Indian
life. Many settlers thought they were superior to the Indians and tried to force them to
take on their way of life.
Land became the main problem between the
Europeans and the Indians. Settlers wanted
land for farming and mining. As time went on,
more and more Indians were forced off their
land as new settlers arrived and travelled
west.
At first settlers and Indians were friendly to-
wards each other but when they started to
protect their land fighting broke out.
In 1830 a law was passed that allowed the gov-
ernment to move Indian tribes to the land
west of the Mississippi.
When gold was found in California in the 1850s settlers rushed west as quickly as possi-
ble and destroyed the land that the Indians depended on for hunting and fishing.
At the beginning of the 20th century the American government started putting Indian
tribes on reservations in the western part of the United States. Later on, American
Indians were allowed to vote and the government tried to integrate them into society.
Native Americans Today About 2.5 million Native Americans live in the USA today. The biggest tribes are the
Cherokee, Chippewa, Navajo and Sioux. About a third of the Indians in the US live on
reservations. The rest live in cities or towns.
Indian culture is still preserved on reservations. Here,
Indians practice old traditions. However, they are wor-
ried that their traditions will disappear because more
and more Indians are being integrated into society.
Today, Native Americans are better off than they were
at the beginning of the 20th century. They get better
education; many go to high school and some to college.
Many Native Americans work as lawyers, doctors or
have other important jobs, like working for government
companies.
Some tribes get money from tourism or selling handicrafts. In 1988 the government al-
lowed casinos and other gambling operations on reservations. Other tribes earn money
from taxes on oil or gas that is produced on their land.
Even though life has improved , Native Americans still face many problems in today’s
America. Unemployment on reservations is about 50%. The income of an Indian family
is much lower than that of a white family. Most Indians are badly paid and are unskilled
workers. Suicide rates are also higher than in other places. Some Indians try to reduce
their problems by drinking alcohol and taking drugs.
WORDS
arrival = the coming
better off = to have more money
and live a better life than before
depend on = need very much
destroy =damage completely
disappear =to go away
drugs =illegal substances that people take to feel happy or
make their problems go away
face = deal with
force =make someone do some-
thing
gambling =to risk money in a
game or sport
improve = get better
income = the money you get
when you have a job
handicrafts =
integrate = to become part of a
group of people
law =a set of rules in a country
lawyer =a person who knows a lot
about laws and gives you advice
mining =the job of getting coal, oil or other resources out of the
earth
practice =go after
preserve =protect, keep
protect = to keep someone or
something safe
reduce = to make something
smaller
reservation = an area of land that the government gave Indians
to live on
rush = to go very quickly
settler = someone who goes to live in a place where not many
people have lived before
society =all the people in general
suicide rate = the number of
people who kill themselves
superior = better than
tax = money that the government
gets from selling things
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same language. They are ruled by
a leader
unemployment = people who do
not have a job
unskilled worker=a person who has not learned a trade or does
not have special talents
vote =elect
Native Americans
5
Cultural Regions
The Arctic and Subarctic
Arctic and Subarctic Indians probably came to
Alaska and Canada from northern Siberia
about 10,000 years ago. They are also called
Inuit.
They got food by hunting deer and sea mam-
mals like seals and whales.
Houses were made of animal skin or wood that
came from nearby forests.
Indians travelled mostly across the lakes and
rivers of the Arctic. They used toboggans and
snowshoes to travel when the lakes and rivers
were frozen.
The Northeast
These Indians lived between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Coast and as far west as
the Mississippi.
They were the first to make contact with European settlers. At first the two groups
were very friendly. Indians taught white people how to plant corn. In 1621 the Indians
and the first pilgrims even had their first Thanksgiving ceremony together.
But later on, fighting broke out between settlers and Indians when the white people
started to move west and take away their land.
The Southeast
This region extends from the Ohio River
to the Gulf of Mexico and from the At-
lantic to the Mississippi. Indians lived in
an area with mild winters and warm
summers. Because there was enough
rainfall, many tribes grew corn.
Women had much power in these tribes.
Some of them even were allowed to take
part in war councils.
Religion played an important role in the
lives of the south-eastern Indians. They
honoured their ancestors and when a
person died many objects were put into
his grave. Many Indian groups wor-
shipped the sun.
WORDS
ancestor = a member of your family who lived a long time
ago
ceremony = a very important
event
corn =a tall plant with large yellow seeds ; it is cooked to
eat or used to feed animals
deer = a large wild animal that can run very fast. It eats grass
and has horns
extend =reach from one place
to another
frozen = covered with ice
grave = the place in the ground where a dead person is
put
Great Lakes = the five big lakes between the USA and
Canada
honour = respect
make contact = to communi-
cate with
mammal = an animal that drinks milk from its mother’s
body when it is young
pilgrim = a group of English people who were the first to
live in America
seal =a large animal that eats
fish and lives around the coast
settler = someone who goes to live in a place where not many
people have lived before
Thanksgiving =a time when people thank God for the food
he has given them
toboggan = an object made out of wood that you use to
ride down snowy hills
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same language. They are
ruled by a leader
war council = a meeting that takes place when a tribe is at
war
whale = the largest sea animal
worship = pray to
Native Americans
6
The Plains
The Plains stretch from the Missis-
sippi to the Rocky Mountains and
from Canada to Mexico. Few Indi-
ans lived there before the arrival
of the Europeans.
When the first Spaniards brought
the horse to North America, the
life of the Plains Indians changed.
On horseback they could follow
buffalo herds more quickly and
buffalo meat became their main food. It was roasted over a fire and the skin was used
to make clothes and tepees. Bones were used to make horns and other tools.
When white settlers came and also started hunting buffalo, the great animals of the
Plains almost disappeared. Many Indians were driven away and the white settlers turned
the land into cattle farms and ranches
The Mountain Region
This region covers the highest parts of North America. Settlers came to the Rocky Moun-
tain region when gold and other minerals were discovered in the second half of the 19th
century. Miners poured in and drove the Indians off their land.
The first white people who made contact with the mountain tribes were the explorers
Lewis and Clark. Fur traders followed . Today many Indians live on reservations.
The Southwest
This dry part of North America stretches from southern California to central Mexico.
Many famous tribes lived here. The Pueblos were among the most highly developed.
They lived in villages and were mostly farmers. They planted corn and beans and raised
turkeys. The Pueblo Indians built large houses called cliff dwellings. They had many
stories and were made of stone. People usually entered the houses through the roof.
They climbed up a ladder that could be removed when an enemy attacked. The Pueblo
were a peaceful tribe who only
fought when they were attacked.
The Apache and Navajo Indians were
fierce fighters. They often raided
the Pueblo and searched for their
food and other goods.
The first Europeans to come here
were the Spanish. They tried to con-
vert Indians to Christianity but
mostly failed.
WORDS
arrival = the coming
attack =to use weapons to hurt
someone or kill them
cattle farm = a farm which you
raise cows on
Christianity =the religion that
teaches us about the life of Jesus
cliff dwellings = houses that are
built into hills or mountains
convert = change to
cover =to reach from one place
to another
disappear =to go away
discover = to find for the first
time
drive off = to force somebody to
go away
explorer = somebody who travels through an unknown area and wants to find out something
about it
fail =not to succeed , to be un-
successful
few = not very many
fierce = violent, brutal
fur trader = a person who buys
and sells furs
herd = a group of animals from
one kind that live together
highly developed =to be very advanced ; here: to live a very
modern life
main = most important
miner = a person who looks for
gold and other important minerals
pour in = a lot of them arrived at
the same time
raid = to go to a place and steal
things
remove =take away, get rid of
reservation = an area of land that the government gave Indians
to live on
raise = to feed animals so that
you can sell or eat them
roast = cook
Spaniard = a person who comes
from Spain
settler = someone who goes to live in a place where not many
people have lived before
stretch = reach from .. to ..
tool =something that you hold in your hand and use to do a special
job
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same language. They are ruled by
a leader
Native Americans
7
Cultural Regions
Arctic and Subarc-
tic Region
Northeast Re-
gion
Southeast Re-
gion
Plains Region
Southwest Re-
gion
Southwest Re-
gion
Mountain Re-
gion
Native Americans
8
Pocahontas
Pocahontas was the daughter of an Indian chief, Powhatan, and one of the most famous
characters in Native American history.
When white men landed at Jamestown in 1607 John Smith was the leader of the colo-
nists. In December of that year Smith was taken prisoner by some Indians. When they
wanted to kill him with a club, a 12-year old Indian girl, Pocahontas, rushed to Smith
and put her head upon his. She begged her father to spare the man’s life. It is not
known if this story is really true or not, but Smith and Pocahontas soon became friends.
At first the white settlers had a friendly relationship with the Indians. Pocahontas often
visited Jamestown and brought goods which she traded with the white people. When
she was 14, Pocahontas married a chief from her tribe and wasn’t seen in Jamestown for
about 3 years.
As time went on Powhatan’s Indians saw the white settlers more and more as enemies
and fighting broke out between them. Pocahontas was kidnapped
by the settlers and held prisoner on board an English ship . The
English would free her only if they got back the goods that the
Indians had stolen from them. Later on, Pocahontas was moved to
another town where she was treated well. During this time she
fell in love with the Englishman John Rolfe. She became a Chris-
tian, was baptised and named Rebecca. Pocahontas married John
Rolfe in 1614.
In 1616 Pocahontas sailed back to London with her husband to
help get money for the colonists in Virginia. She made a visit to
King James I and the English thought of her as an Indian princess.
When they sailed back to Virginia Pocahontas became very ill.
The ship returned to England where she died shortly afterwards.
Pocahontas had a son Thomas who went to school in England.
Later, he went to America and became an important settler in
Virginia.
Pocahontas played an important role in American history. She
helped the colonists get food and survive the harsh winters. She
was also an important link between the Native Americans and the
Englishmen in Virginia.
WORDS
baptise =a accept some-one as a member of the
Christian church
character = an interesting
person
club = a bat
colonist = a person who
settles in a new colony
enemy = a person you
fight against
free = to set free
goods =products
harsh = cruel, severe
link = a connection be-
tween
prisoner = a person who is taken somewhere where
he or she cannot get away
relationship =the way two people or groups feel to-
wards each other
rush to = run very fast
settler = someone who goes to live in a place where not many people
have lived before
spare = save
survive =to live on after a
dangerous situation
trade = to buy and sell
things
treat =act towards some-
one
tribe = a group of people who have the same way of life and the same lan-guage. They are ruled by a
leader
Native Americans
9
Answer the following questions !
Why are the Native Americans called Indians ? ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When did the Native Americans come to the New World and which route did they take ? Why was this possible ? ________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What kind of food did Indians eat ? Give examples ! ____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How did they make meat last longer? _________________________________________________________________________
When did boys and girls usually marry? ________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What kind of clothes did Indians wear ? _______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are wigwams ? _______________________________________________________________________________________
What did the Pueblo Indians use to make houses ? ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What kind of weapons did the Indians use to fight ? _____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When did they start using guns and rifles ? ____________________________________________________________________
What did many Indians believe in ? ___________________________________________________________________________
What did a shaman do ? ____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What did Indians do at harvest festivals ? _____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How did the arrival of white settlers change the life of Native Americans ? _________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What did the settlers want from them ? _______________________________________________________________________
Why did so many settlers rush to California in the 1850s ? _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Native Americans
10
Answer the following questions !
Today about a third of all Indians live on ____________________ and the rest live in _______________________________
How many Native Americans live in the USA today ? ____________________________________________________________
What is the situation of Native Americans today compared to a hundred years ago ? _________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From where do tribes get their money ? Give examples ! ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are the problems of Indians today ? _____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How did the Indians of the Arctic and Subarctic regions travel ? __________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Who were the first Indians to make contact with white people ? _________________________________________________
What did Indians and the first white settles celebrate together ? _________________________________________________
In the southeast, many Indian tribes grew corn because ________________________________________________________
What were war councils and who was allowed to take part ? _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What did Spanish explorers bring to the Indians of the Plains ? ___________________________________________________
What kind of houses did the Pueblos build ? ___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What kind of people were the Apache and Navajo Indians ? ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Who was Pocahontas ? ______________________________________________________________________________________
Why was she taken prisoner ? ________________________________________________________________________________
Where and how did she die ? ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why did she play an important role in early American history ? ___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Who was her son and why was he important ? __________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Native Americans
11
Arctic and Subarctic Region:
The Northeast:
The Southeast: The Great Plains:
The Southwest:
The Mountain Region:
What do you know about the Indians in these re-
gions ? Write information into the boxes
Native Americans
12
Write a short text about the pictures into the
boxes below them !
Native Americans
13
A deer a member of your family who lived a long time ago
B surroundings to make something last for a long time
C ancestor the money you get when you have a job
D coast ideas that you think are true
E preserve a person who is taken somewhere where he or she cannot get
away
F Great Plains a large wild animal that can run very fast. It eats grass and
has horns
G popular to find something for the first time
H dwelling an animal that drinks milk from its mother’s body when it is
young
I beliefs a large area of flat land in the middle of the USA
J warrior a place where people live
K income where land meets the sea
L mammal the world around you
M convert to change to
N miner a very brave soldier
O discover a person who looks for gold and other important minerals
P prisoner if many people like something very much
Match the words on the left with the defini-
tions on the right !
Native Americans
14
Pocahontas — Put the lines in the correct order!
begged her father to save his life. They became
Pocahontas sailed to London with him to get help
her way back to America she died. Her son, Thomas,
1 When Indians wanted to kill John Smith a little girl
prisoner by the English. There she met John Rolfe, an
for the English colonists she met King James I . On
friends and Pocahontas often visited the white
became an important settler in the New World.
settlers. One day she was kidnapped and held
Englishman whom she married in 1614. When
True or false ?
T F
Indians in the Arctic and Subarctic region got their food from hunting buffalo.
The first Indians came from Asia across the Being Strait when it was frozen.
Indian boys and girls married at a very early age.
In the Great Plains , Indians built teepees and covered them with buffalo skin.
When white settlers came to America the Indians sold them their guns and rifles.
Native Americans could make many things like carpets and rugs.
Shamans were brave soldiers who killed enemies and brought home their scalps.
Indians were the first to find gold in California.
Only a third of all Native Americans live in towns and cities today.
In the southeast region women had more power than men.
Native Americans
15
When European _______________ came to America the life of Native
Americans changed. White people wanted land for farming and
____________ and as time went on they _______________ the Indians
off their land. In them 19th century the American _____________
passed a _____________ that made Indian _______________move west of
the Mississippi.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the government started putting
Indians on _________________ in the ________________ part of Amer-
ica.
Indians still _________________ their culture on reservations today. They
get money from ______________ and selling _______________, rugs and
_______________. Some tribes get money from _____________ on oil and
gas.
Most Indians are better off today. They get better ________________ and
some of them study at ________________ or universities. Others work for
government ____________________.
But even though they _______________ a better life, some Native Ameri-
cans still have many problems. ___________________ is very high and
most Indian families do not _____________ as much as white families.
When there is no way to ______________ these problems, some Indians
drink ________________ or take ________________.
alcohol
carpets
colleges
companies
drugs
earn
education
forced
government
law
lead
mining
pottery
preserve
reservations
settlers
solve
taxes
tourism
tribes
unemployment
western
Complete the text by filling in the words
from the box !
Native Americans
16
Look for 12 words about Native Ameri-
cans ( ) and mark them.
X L N B Q S C A L P
Q P U E B L O G O N
W H A L E X B C R S
C K B I N U A X F P
V O T E F H E P P E
F U R F O B L N B A
D A A N C E S T O R
L L T R I B E L H P
O A E E R V D Q G C
S Q U A S H X Q D T
Native Americans
17
Crossword—Native Americans
1 2
3 4 5
6
7 8
9
10
11
12
13
14 15
16
Created with EclipseCrossword — www.eclipsecrossword.com
Across
1. something that has no body but people think
it exists
3. a group of people who have the same way of
life and the same language. They are ruled by
a leader
6. place in the ground where a dead person is
put
7. material that is used to make clothes
11. a group of animals from one kind that live
together
14. a hard block of baked clay used to build
houses
16. meeting that takes place when a tribe is at
war (2 words)
Down
1. someone who goes to a place where not many
people have lived before
2. a small carpet
4. to make something smaller
5. a very important event
8. a light axe used by Indians
9. the thick soft hair around an animal's body
10. a pole with a sharp point on one end
12. an object that makes a noise when you shake
it
13. place in which you cook food
15. to heal somebody from an illness
Native Americans
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Answer keys
Native Americans
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X L N B Q S C A L P
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Word Search –Key
Native Americans
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Created with EclipseCrossword — www.eclipsecrossword.com
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When European settlers came to America the life of Native Americans changed. White people wanted land for farm-
ing and mining and as time went on they forced the Indians off their land. In them 19th century the American gov-
ernment passed a law that made Indian tribes move west of the Mississippi.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the government started putting Indians on reservations in the western part of
America.
Indians still preserve their culture on reservations today. They get money from tourism and selling pottery , rugs
and carpets. Some tribes get money from taxes on oil and gas.
Most Indians are better off today. They get better education and some of them study at colleges or universities.
Others work for government companies.
But even though they lead a better life, some Native Americans still have many problems. Unemployment is very
high and most Indian families do not earn as much as white families. When there is no way to solve these problems,
some Indians drink alcohol or take drugs.
Complete the text by filling in the words from the box !
Native Americans
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A deer C a member of your family who lived a long time ago
B surroundings E to make something last for a long time
C ancestor K the money you get when you have a job
D coast I ideas that you think are true
E preserve P a person who is taken somewhere where he or she cannot get
away
F Great Plains A a large wild animal that can run very fast. It eats grass and
has horns
G popular O to find something for the first time
H dwelling L an animal that drinks milk from its mother’s body when it is
young
I beliefs F a large area of flat land in the middle of the USA
J warrior H a place where people live
K income D where land meets the sea
L mammal B the world around you
M convert M to change to
N miner J a very brave soldier
O discover N a person who looks for gold and other important minerals
P prisoner G if many people like something very much
Match the words on the left with the defini-
tions on the right !
Native Americans
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Pocahontas — Put the lines in the correct order
2 begged her father to save his life. They became
7 Pocahontas sailed to London with him to get help
9 her way back to America she died. Her son, Thomas,
1 When Indians wanted to kill John Smith a little girl
5 prisoner by the English. There she met John Rolfe, an
8 for the English colonists she met King James I . On
3 friends and Pocahontas often visited the white
10 became an important settler in the New World.
4 settlers. One day she was kidnapped and held
6 Englishman whom she married in 1614. When
True or false ?
T F
Indians in the Arctic and Subarctic region got their food from hunting buffalo. X
The first Indians came from Asia across the Being Strait when it was frozen. X
Indian boys and girls married at a very early age. X
In the Great Plains , Indians built teepees and covered them with buffalo skin X
When white settlers came to America the Indians sold them their guns and rifles. X
Native Americans could make many things like carpets and rugs. X
Shamans were brave soldiers who killed enemies and brought home their scalps. X
Indians were the first to find gold in California. X
Only a third of all Native Americans live in towns and cities today. X
In the southeast region women had more power than men. X
