1

NASPI overview and update

Alison SilversteinNASPI Project Manager

alisonsilverstein@mac.com

WECC JSISMarch 3, 2015

2

Overview• Updates– October 2014 NASPI meeting– March 2015 NASPI meeting– Model validation paper– Equipment mis-operations paper– Current NASPI priorities and concerns

• Synchrophasor software exchange• Synchrophasor maturity model• Preview – EPRI presentation on synchrophasor

technology for stability analysis

3

Meeting updatesOctober 2014 NASPI meeting• Theme – what we’ve learned from the SGIG projects• Technical sessions – operations; big data• Technical workshop – oscillation detection and

voltage stability tools comparisonMarch 2015 NASPI meeting• Theme – research advances – 80 (!) presentations

and posters• Technical focus – renewables; distribution• Technical workshop – state estimation &

synchrophasors

4

Paper updates• Model validation– Focus – using PMU data to validate and calibrate models of

power plants and other grid assets, to improve operating reliability, planning accuracy, and lower costs

– Paper being shortened, should be completed and published by DOE before the March NASPI meeting

• Equipment mis-operations– Focus – using PMU data to identify grid assets that are

failing or mis-behaving, to improve operational reliability and avoid emergency replacement costs

– Paper and summary to be completed and published by DOE before March NASPI meeting

5

Synchrophasor software exchangeNASPI-curated, PNNL-hosted collection of FREE software that

can be used for synchrophasor-related uses, including:• Analytical applications using PMU data• Data cleaning• Communications network management• Device and network commissioning• Cyber-securitySoftware to be posted on GitHub and other host sites, but

collected and organized on NASPI Software Exchange siteSoftware must be free to consumers, but they must obey all

contributor-specified intellectual property restrictions.

NASPI Proposed Maturity Model for Synchrophasor Deployment

Alison Silverstein (NASPI)Ryan Quint (Dominion Virginia Power)Kyle Thomas (Dominion Virginia Power)

Dmitry Kosterev (BPA)

WECC Joint Synchronized Information Subcommittee Meeting (JSIS)

April 2015

These are semi-new ideas

This proposed framework needs your review and thoughtful feedback, please!

Why a maturity model for synchrophasor technology?

1. It’s a useful roadmap for effective synchrophasor deployment

2. It highlights the important role of business practices and institutional support in successful technology adoption and deployment

3. It’s useful as an organizational self-assessment tool

4. It can foster consensus around the path to full technology integration and effectiveness

Key pillars in synchrophasor technology maturity

Infrastructure Hardware -- PMU and PDC deploymentSecurity and cyber-securityInstitutional infrastructure – technical interoperability standards, regulatory acceptance

Communications Data delivery networks – quality and scopeInteroperable architecture and systems

Data quality End-to-end collection and delivery of accurate dataDetection of bad dataMetrics and measurement

Analytics and utilization

Applications that perform useful functions effectivelyApplications that users value, want and use

Business practices

Commitment and ownershipTrainingMaintenance and supportData-sharing

Maturity level definitions• Level 5: Integrated, highly mature

– Highly operationalized usage– Full business processes and institutional support for system

and uses• Level 4: Operationalized

– High levels of reliability and robustness– Focus on operational or business uses & value

• Level 3: Implementation – Growing deployment, improvement, debugging process

• Level 2: Development– Developing tools, techniques, processes, infrastructure– Prototyping and proving effectiveness

• Level 1: Conceptualization

Proposed Synchrophasor Maturity Matrix

Infrastructure CommunicationsNetworks Data Quality Applications

Level 5Integrated,

highly mature

Level 4Operationalized

Level 3Implementation

Level 2Development

Level 1conceptual

Business processesInfrastructure Applications &

UtilizationCommunications

NetworkData Quality

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

* Each pillar needs to be assessed uniquely, and in conjunction with others* Institutional support is an integral part of each of these pillars* It is the ultimate level of maturity

Some considerations:

Infrastructure CommnsNetworks Data Quality Applications

Level 5Integrated, highly mature

Level 4Level 3Level 2Level 1

conceptual

• Different pillars are maturing at different paces; some are harder, slower (standards), or require more money or technology, or have regional differences.

• A company may advance in one pillar more quickly than in others.

• Company maturity differs from technology maturity.

Feedback & discussion

• We think this could be a useful tool to help understand synchrophasor technology adoption pace and differences.

• We are looking for your feedback to help develop this framework.

• Please provide and comments/feedback to:– Ryan Quint – ryan.d.quint@dom.com– Alison Silverstein – alisonsilverstein@mac.com

Synchrophasor-Based Stability Assessment Tools

Alison SilversteinNASPI Project Manager

EPRI Grid Operations & Planning Advisory CouncilMarch 4, 2015

15

Overview

• NASPI intro• PMU data for state estimation– Works better with PMU-based model validation

• PMU tools for oscillation detection• PMU tools for voltage stability monitoring• PMU tools for frequency response monitoring• PMU tools for rotor angle stability monitoring• Conclusions

16

What’s NASPI?The North American SynchroPhasor Initiative is a collaborative

effort between the electric industry, government, vendors & academia to advance the adoption and value of synchrophasor technology for grid reliability and efficiency

• 900+ members, international scope• Two meetings/year plus technical workshops• Begun in 2005; 2007-2013 funding from NERC; funded shifted to

DOE in 2014 with EPRI supportAccomplishments• Developed key standards and guidelines for synchrophasor

technology• Pushing technology on PMU device functionality, network design,

data quality, applications needs, and more• Guidance and lessons learned for ARRA-SGIG and demo projectsArchives at www.naspi.org

17

State estimation toolsState estimation tools are the foundation for PMU-based

power system analysis efforts.The system and asset models within state estimation tools

can be improved through model validation and calibration against recorded PMU data.

• NASPI workshop on model validation in October 2013; DOE-NASPI technical paper out in March 2015

Over the past year, there have been major advances in the development of linear state estimators using PMU data and improvements to existing state estimators incorporating PMU data.

NASPI workshop on state estimation on March 25, 2015 18

Oscillation detection tools

Desired functionality for PMU-based oscillation detection tools:

• Scans voltages, power and frequency at interties, power plants, DC ties, wind hubs for sustained oscillations in key frequency bands

• Alarms when a sustained oscillation is detected with detailed modal analysis

• Trend displays available for problem drill-down• Facilitate decision support tools for grid management• Engineering support applications for baselining and setting

alarm thresholds19

Oscillation detection toolsComparison of (mostly) commercially available oscillation

detection tools at NASPI October 2014 technical workshop.Examine tool performance against two real cases – five

sequential oscillation ringdown events (5 vendors) and generator-caused forced oscillation (5 vendors).

Conclusions• PMU-based oscillation detection tools are maturing quickly• Diverse analytical methods underlying the OD tools, and

results vary.

20

Source: NASPI

Sample screens from NASPI oscillation detection tools test

21

ABBSEL

Alstom Grid

EPG

Analyze oscillatory modes and events

Recent WECC discoveries about interconnection-wide modes

[Source: JSIS meeting 10/13]

22

Mode monitors in use at WECC, BPA, ISO-NE, ERCOT, PJM, MISO, CAISO, Duke Carolinas, FPL, others

Voltage stability tools

Desired functionality for PMU-based voltage stability tools:• Identify voltage instability events and characteristics,

including time of event start and inflection points, locations of voltage problems, real and reactive power margins.

• Identify insecure N-0 and N-1 operating conditions, reason for unacceptable condition, and security and stability margins.

• Enable decision support tools for voltage stability protection

23

Voltage stability toolsNASPI technical workshop comparing commercially

available voltage stability analysis tools in October 2014.

• Tested stability tools against a wind hub-caused voltage excursion (5 vendors) and a load center voltage stability case including contingency analysis (2 vendors)

• Results – wide variations in analytical conclusions of events. Tools using PMU data in linear state estimation-contingency analysis models out-performed those doing measurement-only analysis.

24

Sample screens from NASPI voltage stability tool test

25

EPG

ABB

Alstom Grid V&R Energy

Frequency response monitoringDesired functionality for PMU-based frequency response

analysis tools:• Detect under-frequency events• Detect areas where the generation loss occurred• Frequency response baselining – interconnection-wide or

for balancing authority• Compliance with NERC BAL-003 Frequency Response

Reliability StandardEarly stage frequency monitors• BPA• Dominion

26

BPA Frequency Disturbance Monitor

Rotor angle stability tools

Desired functionality:• Monitor the torque balance between mechanical

input and electromagnetic output in a prime mover• High resolution, time-synchronized measurement of

the rotor shaft angle• Determine safe operating zones• Alarm when potential imbalance conditions could

result in stability risks and rotor harm

27

Rotor angle stability monitorSDG&E-SEL-OSIsoft-UCSD

research project using PMUs inside a combined cycle plant for rotor speed & angle measurement and field measurement – monitoring equipment installed early 2014

Data collection, model validation and parameter measurement to follow

28

Source: SDG&E

Sources and more informationNASPI website and archives: www.naspi.orgNASPI model validation technical workshop --

October 2013 at https://www.naspi.org/techworkshopsNASPI oscillation detection and voltage stability technical workshop –

October 2014 at https://www.naspi.org/techworkshopsNASPI state estimation technical workshop – March 2015 at

https://www.naspi.org/techworkshopsSDG&E presentation on rotor monitoring -- October 23, 2014 at

https://www.naspi.org/meetingsComing soon to www.naspi.org:• New papers on using synchrophasor data for model validation and

diagnosing equipment mis-operations• NASPI Synchrophasor Software Exchange

29