Nasal Morphology / orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

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NASAL INTEGUMENT - AN INDICATOR OF MAXILLARY SKELETAL PATTERN

PAR – 103

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY

Leader in continuing dental education www.indiandentalacademy.com


CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION BASIC ANATOMY OF NOSE AND MAXILLA GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SKELETAL MORPHOLOGY INDICATOR


INTRODUCTION

FACIAL INTEGUMENTFACIAL SKELETON


Importance of integument

Will integument follow underlying skeleton pattern?


ANATOMY OF MAXILLA


RIGHT AND LEFT MAXILLA



NASAL ANATOMY


EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY

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COLUMELLA

ALAE

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INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY[SKELETAL]

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NASAL PARAMETERS

WWW.INDIANDENTALACADEMY.COMNASAL LENGTH NASAL PROJECTION

WWW.INDIANDENTALACADEMY.COMNASOLABIAL ANGLE


GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT


NASAL INTEGUMENT AS AN INDICATOR OF MAXILLARY SKELETAL PATTERN


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

Evaluate nasal morphology in sagittal and vertical maxillary excess.

Evaluate nasal morphology in sagittal and vertical maxillary deficiency.

To correlate the nasal morphology to class II skeletal and class III skeletal patterns.


MATERIALS AND METHODS

DATA PRESENTATION

Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 40 patients / 4 sub groups

10 Patients Sagittal Maxillary Deficiency

10 Patients Sagittal Maxillary Excess

10 Patients Vertical Maxillary Deficiency

10 Patients Vertical Maxillary Excess

5Male and 5Female in each subgroup


SOURCE OF SAMPLE

Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of Sample selected from the patients who are visiting department of orthodontics at Narayana dental college.


INCLUSION CRITERIA

1. AGE > 18 Years for both Male and Female samples

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1. Prior history of Orthodontic treatment

2. History of Trauma or Surgery to Facial region

WWW.INDIANDENTALACADEMY.COMVertical facial skeletal parameters assessed on lateral cephalogram

WWW.INDIANDENTALACADEMY.COMSoft tissue reference planes and variables used to assess nose on

lateral cephalogram


NORMATIVE VALUES FOR ADULT NASAL PARAMETERS


RESULTS


SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION WERE SEEN BETWEEN THE FOLLOWING SKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUE NASAL VARIABLES

1.ANTERIOR FACIAL HEIGHT AND NASAL LENGTH

AFH NASAL LENGTH

2.ANGLE OF INCLINATION AND NASAL LENGTH

- AOI NLTH


3.UPPER ANTERIOR FACIAL HEIGHT AND NASAL DEPTH

- AFH ND

4.AOI AND NASAL DEPTH

AOI ND


5.NASOLABIAL ANGLE AND ANTERIOR FACIAL LENGTH

AFH NASOLABIAL ANGLE


CONVEX NASAL PROFILE IS SEEN IN CLASS II CASES

CONCAVE NASAL PROFILE IS SEEN IN CLASS III CASES

NASAL DEPTH IS INCREASED INCREASED MAXILLARY SAGITTAL DIMENSIONS

NASAL LENGTH INCREASED IN CLASS III SKELETAL PATTERNS


DISCUSSION


Subtelny [AJO 1959;45:481-507],

- first demonstrated downward and forward growth of mandible during maturity.

-nose grows more vertically when compared to its growth in sagittal dimension.

Meng etal [AJO1988 ],

-Supported the subtelny conclusions


Scott [Br.Dent J 1953;95:37-43],

- Nasal septum is determinant of midfacial growth

Lathum [J Anat 1970;107:47-78],

-nasal septum acted as a starter mechanism ,pulling the premaxillae and maxillae forward via the so called septo-premaxillary ligaments


Grymer et al [Rhinology 1997;35: Abstract],

- Deficient nasal septum growth along with decreased anteroposterior growth of the maxilla leads to an upward displacement of the anterior part of the maxilla indicating a strong relationship between nasal growth and inclination of the maxillary plane.


Robinson et al [AJO 1986;89:499-506],

-Their cephalometric study on the

relationship between skeletal facial pattern and soft

tissue nasal form concluded that nasal shape followed

the underlying skeletal pattern very closely in the

sagittal dimension.


Peter H. Buschang [JCO 1992;26:111-118],

-Horizontal growth at pr and sn is closely associated with horizontal growth at ANS and A POINT


CONCLUSION


-Nasal length was seen to be significantly correlated to

upper anterior facial height and inclination of palatal

plane.

-An upturned nose in an adult individual was

significantly correlated with anti-clockwise rotation

of maxilla.


-SIgnificant correlation is present between nasal projection and nasal length with sagittal maxillary dimensions.


Growth and development of any structure will occur in three dimensions of space simultaneously and the overlying integument adapts in three dimensions.so,its wise to understand the concept in three dimensions of space than analyzing in one or two dimensions.


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Nasal Morphology / orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy