Napoleon’s Empire Napoleon’s Empire CollapsesCollapsesChapter 7Chapter 7

Section 4Section 4

Main IdeasMain Ideas Napoleon’s conquests Napoleon’s conquests

aroused aroused nationalisticnationalistic feelings across Europe feelings across Europe and contributed to his and contributed to his downfall.downfall.

In the 1990s, nationalistic In the 1990s, nationalistic feelings contributed to the feelings contributed to the breakup of nations such breakup of nations such as as YugoslaviaYugoslavia..

Introduction Introduction After setting up a large empire, After setting up a large empire,

Napoleon wondered what would Napoleon wondered what would happen after he happen after he dieddied..

He had the same issue as He had the same issue as Henry VIIIHenry VIII..

Divorced, and remarried Marie Divorced, and remarried Marie Louise (Austria).Louise (Austria).

In 1811, she gave birth to In 1811, she gave birth to Napoleon IINapoleon II..

Three Truths and a LieThree Truths and a Lie

Napoleon was 5’ 2”.Napoleon was 5’ 2”. Napoleon’s body was buried first in St. Helena, then Napoleon’s body was buried first in St. Helena, then

Paris. He was not cremated like he wanted.Paris. He was not cremated like he wanted. In exile, Napoleon’s wallpaper may have led to his In exile, Napoleon’s wallpaper may have led to his

death.death. Napoleon crowned himself emperor.Napoleon crowned himself emperor.

Actually Napoleon was 5’ 6 1/2” by today’s standards. Actually Napoleon was 5’ 6 1/2” by today’s standards. Back then the French foot was bigger than today’s foot.Back then the French foot was bigger than today’s foot.

Napoleons’ Three Napoleons’ Three MistakesMistakes

Napoleon’s desire for Napoleon’s desire for powerpower led him to great heights, but led him to great heights, but it also led to his demise.it also led to his demise.

The The ContinentalContinental System System The The PeninsularPeninsular War War The Invasion of The Invasion of RussiaRussia

The Continental SystemThe Continental System Supposed to make Supposed to make

continental Europe continental Europe self-self-sufficientsufficient..

Napoleon also wanted to Napoleon also wanted to destroy Britain’s destroy Britain’s economyeconomy..

Set up an unsuccessful Set up an unsuccessful blockadeblockade..

Britain returns the favor, Britain returns the favor, successfully.successfully.

The Peninsular WarThe Peninsular War Napoleon sent an invasion force Napoleon sent an invasion force

through Spain to get through Spain to get PortugalPortugal to to accept the Continental System.accept the Continental System.

The Spanish were upset.The Spanish were upset. Napoleon removed the Spanish king Napoleon removed the Spanish king

and gave the throne to his and gave the throne to his brotherbrother.. This inflamed Spain’s This inflamed Spain’s nationalisticnationalistic

feelings.feelings. Spanish Spanish guerillasguerillas, peasant fighters, , peasant fighters,

fought French armies for six years.fought French armies for six years.

The Invasion of RussiaThe Invasion of Russia Russia refused to stop Russia refused to stop sellingselling

grain to Britain.grain to Britain. Napoleon decides to invade his Napoleon decides to invade his

ally, ally, RussiaRussia.. As Napoleon advanced, As Napoleon advanced,

Alexander I pulled back his troops Alexander I pulled back his troops practicing a practicing a scorched-earthscorched-earth policy.policy.

Napoleon decided to Napoleon decided to retreatretreat in in October.October.

Russia attacked the French army.Russia attacked the French army. Napoleon lost Napoleon lost 410,000410,000 soldiers in soldiers in

less than 6 months.less than 6 months.

Napoleon’s DownfallNapoleon’s Downfall Britain, Russia, Prussia, Britain, Russia, Prussia,

Sweden and even Austria, Sweden and even Austria, were quick to were quick to attackattack Napoleon Napoleon while he was weak.while he was weak.

All the main All the main EuropeanEuropean powers powers were now at war with France.were now at war with France.

Prussian and Russian troops Prussian and Russian troops attacked the French capital.attacked the French capital.

Napoleon’s Napoleon’s generalsgenerals refused refused to fight. to fight.

18141814 – Napoleon surrendered – Napoleon surrendered and gave up his throne.and gave up his throne.

He was He was exiledexiled to Elba. to Elba.

Napoleon ReturnsNapoleon Returns Louis XVI’s brother, Louis XVI’s brother, Louis XVIIILouis XVIII, took , took

over.over. UnpopularUnpopular, suspected to undo the , suspected to undo the

reformsreforms Napoleon Napoleon escapesescapes from Elba and from Elba and

volunteers quickly join his army.volunteers quickly join his army. Within days, he was the emperor, Within days, he was the emperor,

again.again. 1815 - His army attacks the British at 1815 - His army attacks the British at

WaterlooWaterloo.. British and PrussiaBritish and Prussia defeat defeat

Napoleon.Napoleon.

Hundred DaysHundred Days

This defeat ended This defeat ended Napoleon’s last bid for Napoleon’s last bid for power, called the power, called the Hundred Hundred DaysDays..

The British shipped The British shipped Napoleon to Napoleon to St. HelenaSt. Helena, an , an island in the South Atlantic.island in the South Atlantic.

Lived in exile for Lived in exile for sixsix years years where he died.where he died.

Napoleon’s defeat opened Napoleon’s defeat opened the door for the freed the door for the freed European countries to European countries to establish a establish a new ordernew order..