EMPEROR AND CONQUEROR

Napoleon

The Siege of Toulon

November-December 1793

Southern French cityFrench Republic vs.

Spain, Britain, and French Royalists

Brings Napoleon to the attention of Parisian elites

Whiff of Grapeshot

October 5, 1795Uprising of royalists

in ParisNapoleon and

gunners defend the National Convention

He becomes a hero and savior of the French Republic

Coup d'état

November 9-10, 1799Troops surrounded the national legislature

and drove out most of its membersRemaining lawmakers voted to dissolve the

DirectoryEstablished a group of three Consuls

First Consul

December 13, 1799Obtained dictatorial

powersMade government

more efficientAbolished remnants

of class and privilege

Changes Under Napoleon

Set up lycées: government run public schoolsCreated a comprehensive and uniform system

of laws, the Napoleonic CodeSigned a concordat: formal agreement

between the pope and a government Recognized influence of Church, but rejected its

control in national affairs

Emperor Napoleon I

December 2, 1804Decided to make

himself emperorHad support of the

peopleTook crown from

pope and placed it on his own head

Napoleon’s Empire

The Russian Campaign

1812Alliance with Russia

breaks downNapoleon invades

with over 420,000 soldiers

Russians practice scorched-earth policy

10,000 survive the campaign

First Abdication and Exile

April 6, 1814 accepts terms of surrender and gives up his throne

May 4, 1814-February 26, 1815 Napoleon is given a

small pension and banished to Elba

The Hundred Days

Louis XVI’s brother assumes the throne as Louis XVIII Suspected of trying to undo the progress made during

the French RevolutionMarch 1815-Napoleon escapes Elba and

returns to Paris Within days he becomes emperor again

Waterloo

European allies prepare to battle Napoleon

June 18, 1815 French and British troops clash at Waterloo

With the support of Prussian reinforcements Napoleon is defeated

Second Abdication and Exile

June 22, 1815 Napoleon is forced to

abdicate the throne again

October 1815-May 1821 To prevent him from

returning, the British exile him to Saint Helena

Death of Napoleon

May 5, 1821 Dies of a stomach

ailmentDecember 15, 1840

His remains are brought back to France and placed at the Invalides