Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H2 Systemcoldfusioncommunity.net/pdf/conf/ICCF-21/slides/Tanzella.pdf · •Heater, pulse generator, and actual pulse powers •All temperatures,

© 2018 SRI International

Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H2 System

Francis Tanzella, Robert Godes, Robert George

Presented at ICCF21Ft. Collins, CO USAJune 5, 2018

Brillouin Energy Corp.

© 2018 SRI International 2

Outline

Ø Controlled electron capture (CEC) concept

Ø Earlier pressurized gas phase reactor results

Ø New core designs and pulse stimulation methods

Ø Updated isoperibol (IPB) calorimeter and methods

Ø Results from IPB reactor/calorimeter

Ø Summary and future work

Ø Acknowledgements


Summary of Earlier Results

Ø Over 100 experiments performed in up to ten cores

Ø Excess power seen in Ni/H2 gas phase system

Ø Excess power has been shown to be reproducible and transportable

Ø Pulsed axial pulses gave excess power in this system

Ø Excess power depends on pulse repetition rate

Ø Experimental conditions and results are consistent with CEC hypothesis

Ø Changing pulse parameters yield 25 – 100% excess power and allows for switching power production on and off

Ø Very dependent on material chemistry and morphology


Brillouin’s 4th Generation H2 Hot Tube Cores

Ø One example of a spray-coated core - some have more or fewer layersØ Metal and ceramic coatings are porousØ Pulse sent through outer Ni layer returns through inner Cu layerØ Fast rise-time pulse current is primarily at Ni-Al2O3 interface (skin-effect)


Brillouin’s IPB Reactor CoresStimulation and Measurement

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 20 40 60 80 100

Power/W

Volta

ge/VorC

urrent/A

ElapsedTime/ns

V1 V2 I P


Brillouin’s IPB Reactor/CalorimeterComputer Interface


Brillouin’s 4th-Generation H2 Hot Tube Reactor (Isoperibolic)

7

Ø Heater inside or outside coreØ Thermocouple inside coreØ Ni-coated tube coreØ Core sheath inside steel block Ø 2 Tinner sensors in steel blockØ Ceramic insulation with Ar flushØ Al shell with 2 Touter sensorsØ Constant T flowing H2OØ Pulses injected/returned at #15Ø Ar flush outside reactor


Brillouin’s Isoperibolic (IPB) Reactor

Ø Static H2 or D2 gas on high-surface-area Ni inside sheathØ Core temperature varied from 200° to 600°CØ Outer block temperature held constant by constant T-flowing H2OØ Core pulse power held constant at generator board or at core

• Pulse repetition rate changes to maintain constant input power at different pulse widths and/or amplitudes

Ø Actual pulse power imparted to core is measured directlyØ Power compensation calorimetry

• Heater power changes to maintain constant core or inner block temperature

Ø Constant heater power calorimetry


Brillouin’s IPB Reactor: Operation

Ø Operate in H2 gas using automated sequence and low-voltage pulses (LVP)• Vary temperature from 200° to 600°C in fixed intervals (50°C)• Adjust repetition rate for constant pulse power at each temperature

Ø Repeat in H2 gas using automated sequence and high-voltage pulses (HVP)Ø Measure and record 57 parameters every 10 seconds

• Heater, pulse generator, and actual pulse powers• All temperatures, H2O flow rates, and pressures• H2 and O2 concentration outside reactor

Ø Compare calculated output power or heater power compensation (HPC) with high-voltage versus low-voltage pulses

Ø Occasionally compare HVP outputs to DC stimulation results


Brillouin’s IPB Reactor: Calorimetry Steady-State Stimulation

DHreaction = HPC(HVP) - HPC(LVP)

!"# = DHreaction/DHLVP = (HPC(HVP) - HPC(LVP)) /DHLVP

!"# = (HPC(HVP)/DHHVP)/(HPC(LVP)/DHLVP)

Model used for Dynamic Stimulation Calorimetry

1) Each binomial coefficient is found by fitting while using LVP stimulation2) Power is calculated by applying those coefficients to outputs measured with HVP stimulation3) Calculated power is divided by the input power in step 1


Brillouin’s IPB Reactor: Results

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Core

Q P

ower

/W

Heat

er P

ower

/W o

r Tem

pera

ture

/°C

Elapsed time/hourHeater Power Core Temp Core Q Power



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8

Q v

olta

ge (v

)

HPC/CoreQPow

SRI-IPB2-33

Q voltage @ 250°C Q voltage @ 300°C Q voltage @ 350°C Q voltage @ 400°C


IPB Reactor: Steady-State Stimulation Results

Temperature/°C COP: IPB2-33 COP: IPB2-74 COP: IPB1-45 COP: IPB1-48

250 1.27 1.14

275 1.40 1.15 1.11 1.13

300 1.25 1.13 1.11

325 1.26 1.09 1.08 1.27

350 1.05 .94

400 1.00 .89




IPB Reactor: Dynamic Stimulation Results

Temperature/°C QREACTION/W COP usingDS method

COP usinglegacy method

300 3.62 1.25 1.56340 2.71 1.16 1.37300 3.59 1.26 1.55340 3.22 1.19 1.43300 3.90 1.27 1.62340 3.58 1.21 1.44300 4.91 1.31 1.56340 5.29 1.27 1.52300 4.99 1.31 1.58340 5.35 1.27 1.53300 4.85 1.31 1.58


Brillouin IPB Results Summaryand Future Work

Ø LENR reactions stimulated by electrical pulses on coated Ni powders

Ø Experiments in H2 or D2 gas at 200 – 600°C

• Comparison between heater-only power and heater and pulse power

Ø Isoperibolic calorimeter operated in power compensation or constant power mode

Ø Over 500 experiments performed on 100 different Ni-coated cores in six different reactors

Ø COPs from 1.0 to 2.0 measured depending on stimulation conditions

Ø No measurable consumables: Electricity in - Heat out

Ø Core composition/metallurgy and pulse generation still being optimized

Ø Calorimetry is regularly updated and improved


Headquarters333 Ravenswood AvenueMenlo Park, CA 94025+1.650.859.2000

Additional U.S. and international locations

www.sri.com

17

Thank You

Acknowledgements

Special thanks to: Mike McKubre for the calorimeter design; Roger Herrera, Jin Liu, Mike Beaver, and Dave Correia

SRI gratefully acknowledges funding of this work from Brillouin Energy Corp.

I will be leaving SRI International on July 31, 2018I will continue working in the field

New contact info: [email protected]



Brillouin Hypothesis: Controlled Electron Capture Reaction

Electron Capture Reaction

Documents

Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H2 Systemcoldfusioncommunity.net/pdf/conf/ICCF-21/slides/Tanzella.pdf · •Heater, pulse generator, and actual pulse powers •All temperatures,