Name Date PRACTICE BOOK Text and Graphic Features · 272_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 272 5/29/09 3:48:10 PM. Writing Dialogue Dialogue uses quotations to tell a speaker’s exact words

Text and Graphic FeaturesRead the selection below.

Yosemite National ParkOne of the most popular

national parks in the United States is Yosemite National Park. The park is in east-central California. The area of the park is 1,189 square miles, and it is set along the Sierra Nevada.

The park is famous for its tall mountains and valleys. The highest mountain is Mount Lyell, which is 13,114 feet tall. The valleys have rock walls made from granite. The largest is El Capitan. It rises up to 7,569 feet.

People come to Yosemite to climb the mountains and to hike the trails. Along the trails, hikers can see animals such as mule deer, squirrels, chipmunks, and black bears.

If you are ever in California, go visit Yosemite National Park!

Major Featuresalpine wilderness, giant

sequoia trees, Yosemite Valley

Use the Column Chart to show the location and purpose of the text and graphic features used in the selection.

Text or Graphic Feature Location Purpose

265Introduce Comprehension© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Lesson 23 P R A C T I C E B O O K

Name Date

Grade 4, Unit 5: Change Is All Around

The Ever-Living TreeComprehension:

Text and Graphic Features

265_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 1265_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 1 6/3/09 5:27:04 PM6/3/09 5:27:04 PM

Text and Graphic FeaturesRead the selection below.

Pine Tree Identification GuideIntroduction

There are approximately 115 species of pine trees worldwide. Thirty-five of them grow here in the United States. Sometimes it’s hard to tell one tree from another. This guide will help you identify some of the more common pine trees by looking at where they grow, their height, needles, and cones.

Eastern White PineRange: northeastern United StatesHeight: 80–100 ft.Needles: Occur in bundles of fiveCones: Curved, 4–8 in. long

Norway SpruceRange: northern United StatesHeight: 80–100 ft.

Needles: stiff, less than an inch long, sharp pointed tipsCones: 4–6 in. long, cylindrical

Pinyon PineRange: southwestern United StatesHeight: 10–30 ft.Needles: 1–2 in. long; occur in bundles of 2Cones: 1–2 in. long; oval shaped; very thick scales containing edible seeds

ConclusionPines trees are economically

important as a source of lumber and other useful products. They are also beautiful ornamental plants. It’s fun to learn about them.

Use a Column Chart to explain text and graphic features in the selection. Then answer the questions below. 1. If you see a pine tree with needles that occur in bundles

of fi ve, what kind of tree is it?

2. Why are some words in italics in the text?

3. What kind of information is found after the word Cones in bold for each tree?

266Deepen Comprehension© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Lesson 23P R A C T I C E B O O K

Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeComprehension:

Text and Graphic Features


Prefixes: pre-, inter-, ex-

prearrangeprecaution

interactinternational

intermingleexclaim

exitintercontinental

Each sentence shows a word in parentheses with the prefix pre-, inter-, or ex- in parentheses. Complete the sentence using each word in parentheses.

1. (prearrange) I will call you to

2. (precaution) Buckling your safety belt is

3. (interact) When you start at a new school

4. (international) The world-famous fi lm actor was

5. (intermingle) He doesn’t like it when

6. (exclaim) When she sees that scary movie

7. (exit) Take the highway, and make sure you

8. (intercontinental) The family traveled from North America to South America

267Vocabulary Strategies© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.


Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeVocabulary Strategies: Prefixes

pre-, inter-, ex-

267_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 1267_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 1 5/28/09 11:06:17 AM5/28/09 11:06:17 AM

VCCV PatternBasic Write the Basic Word that each sentence describes.

1. No one else knows this.

2. Cats and dogs have these.

3. You buy this to see a movie in the theater.

4. Someone who writes a book is called this.

5. You can hang this on a wall for decoration.

6. You can put sand in this at the beach.

7. People travel into outer space using this.

8. This is a type of food to eat.

9. This protects your clothes when you cook.

10. This is to pick things up and put in one place.

Challenge 11–14. You have been invited to a friend’s party, but you can’t attend because you’re going to your family reunion that day. Write a letter to your friend explaining why you can’t attend the party. Use four Challenge Words. Write on a separate sheet of paper.

1. poster 2. secret 3. whether 4. author 5. rocket 6. bushel 7. agree 8. bucket 9. ticket 10. declare 11. chicken 12. clothing 13. apron 14. whiskers 15. degree 16. gather 17. achieve 18. rather 19. bracket 20. machine

Challenge regretnephewmethoddeclinevibrate

Spelling Words

268Spelling© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.


Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeSpelling: VCCV Pattern


Spelling Word SortWrite each Basic Word beside the correct heading.

V/CCV: Divide before the consonant blend or digraph

Basic Words:

Challenge Words:

Possible Selection Word:

VCC/V: Divide after the

consonant blend or digraph

Basic Words:

Challenge Words:

Possible Selection Words:

Challenge Add the Challenge Words to your Word Sort.

1. poster 2. secret 3. whether 4. author 5. rocket 6. bushel 7. agree 8. bucket 9. ticket 10. declare 11. chicken 12. clothing 13. apron 14. whiskers 15. degree 16. gather 17. achieve 18. rather 19. bracket 20. machine


Spelling Words

Connect to Reading Look through The Ever-Living Tree: The Lifeand Times of a Coast Redwood. Find words that have the VCCV spelling pattern. Add them to your Word Sort.

269Spelling© Houghton Mifflin Hartcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Name Date





Proofreading for SpellingFind the misspelled words and circle them. Write them correctly on the lines below.

In 1903, Colonel Charles Young was ordered to take

his troops to Sequoia National Park. He would rathar

have stayed in San Francisco, where the temperature rarely

registered a degre under 45 in the winter. But whehter

or not he wanted to go, he had to agre to the U.S. Army

orders. Traveling on horseback for 16 days, Young and his

troopers arrived in Sequoia. They brought clotheng and

food. To make sure there was enough to eat, each man had

to gathar a bushal of fruit and fi ll a buket with water. The

supplies were so heavy the braket on the shelf broke. The

men had no mashine to fi x it. Hammer and nails would

do. Young and his men were able to acheive their goal

of making the wagon road long enough for people to be

able to get to the park. Colonel Young, the fi rst African-

American superintendent of a national park, could deklare

his work a success.

1. 7.

2. 8.

3. 9.

4. 10.

5. 11.

6. 12.

1. poster 2. secret 3. whether 4. author 5. rocket 6. bushel 7. agree 8. bucket 9.. ticket 10. declare 11. chicken 12. clothing 13. apron 14. whiskers 15. degree 16. gather 17. achieve 18. rather 19. bracket 20. machine


Spelling Words

270Spelling© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.


Name Date




Using Quotation MarksA direct quotation tells a speaker’s exact words. Use quotation marks (“ ”) before and after a direct quotation. Do not use quotation marks unless you give a speaker’s exact words.

direct quotation“What do you want to do today?” Dad asked.

1–6. Write each sentence. Add quotation marks where they are needed. Write correct for those sentences that do not need quotation marks.

1. Let’s go for a nature walk, Joan replied.

2. That’s a great idea! Michael exclaimed.

3. Would you like to go the Redwood forest? Dad asked.

4. Mom explained that Redwoods are the largest living trees in the world.

5. They are also some of the oldest living organisms on Earth, Joan added.

6. Joan asked Michael if he was looking forward to the nature walk.

Thinking Question What words tell exactly what the speaker said?

271Grammar © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.


Name Date


The Ever-Living Tree Grammar: Quotation


Capital Letters, Spacing, and Punctuation in Quotations

Use capital letters and punctuation to write direct quotations correctly. Always capitalize the first word of a quotation. Use a comma to separate a quotation from the words that tell who is speaking. Put end marks inside the last quotation marks.

When a quotation starts a sentence, put a comma at the end of a statement. Use the usual end punctuation for questions and exclamations.

direct quotationAngela exlaimed, “What a big tree!”“The redwood is a unique tree,” Jee agreed.“Do you think we can climb it?” asked Angela.

1–5. Write the quotations correctly.

1. shall we look for something to eat the woodpecker asked

2. the chipmunk asked do you see any acorns

3. bugs sound good to me said the woodpecker.

4. the chipmunk exclaimed that sounds absolutely awful

5. most birds eat worms and bugs said the woodpecker

Thinking Question What kind of sentence is this quotation? Where does the quotation come in the sentence?



Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeGrammar: Quotations


Writing DialogueDialogue uses quotations to tell a speaker’s exact words. Quotation marks go around the words spoken, and a comma separates the dialogue from the rest of the sentence. Indent the first line of a speaker’s dialogue.

“Don’t go into the woods alone,” Jerry warned.Consuelo laughed, “I wouldn’t do that! It’s too

easy to get lost without a ranger to act as a guide.”

Activity Write the dialogue correctly on the lines below. Put the quotation marks where they belong, and punctuate and capitalize each sentence correctly.

what do you want to do today Arturo asked. I want to hike in the redwood forest replied Rose. Arturo wondered what do you want to see there. There are all kinds of animals in a redwood forest said Rose. Oh I hope we don’t see a skunk cried Arturo. Rose laughed and answered we’ll probably smell one fi rst.

Thinking Question Where does one speaker’s dialogue end? Where does a new speaker’s dialogue begin?


273Grammar© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeGrammar: Quotations


Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases

Prepositionfrom

Prepositional PhraseA dark brown seed falls from the giant tree.

1–5. Underline the prepositional phrase once and the preposition twice in each sentence.

1. The seed sprouts beneath the dirt.

2. Its roots spread through the soil.

3. The sun shines brightly above the tiny seedling.

4. Rain falls and soaks the ground around the young tree.

5. The tree reaches its branches toward the sunny, blue sky.

6–8. Combine each pair of sentences by moving the underlined prepositional phrases. Write the new sentence on the line. Capitalize and punctuate quotations correctly.

6. Martha said the Sequoia is rooted fi rmly. It is rooted fi rmly in the ground.

7. This amazing tree grows slowly explained Mark. It grows for hundreds of years.

8. The full-grown trees stand together. They stand beside the river.



Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeGrammar: Spiral Review


Word Choice

1–6. Rewrite the sentence. Add capital letters and punctuation. Replace said with a more exact word. Write the new sentence on the line.

1. Jenny said I plan to be an astronaut when I grow up

2. wow! that’s an awesome goal to have Cooper said

3. Fran said look It’s a bird It’s a plane it’s Jenny the

Astronaut

4. you’re not the least bit funny Jenny said to Fran

5. Jenny said exploring space would be a dream come true

6. Fran said I get airsick, and I’m afraid of heights for me it

would be a nightmare

A Quotation with said A More Exact Word for said

“You could be the Christopher Columbus of space,” Toni said.

“You could be the Christopher Columbus of space,” Toni joked.

275Grammar© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.


Name Date


The Ever-Living TreeGrammar: Connect to Writing


Writing Clear DirectionsProcedural writing explains how to do something. Good procedural writing includes a clear purpose, the materials needed, steps that are easy to follow, and a conclusion.

Vague Clear

I like making tree rubbings and then collecting leaves from the same tree.

You can follow these steps to make a tree rubbing for your scrapbook.

To make a tree rubbing, I use paper and something that writes in color.

You will need a white piece of paper and a crayon in your favorite color.

Rewrite the vague steps in the correct order on the right. Change or add words to make the directions clearer.

Vague Steps Clear Steps

Place the paper against the tree. Rough bark makes an interesting rubbing, so pick your tree carefully! Rub the tree with your marker, and watch the pattern of the bark show up. Rubbing too hard will make the paper rip.

Now rewrite the vague conclusion below.

Pair/Share Work with a partner to brainstorm a fitting conclusion for the tree rubbing activity.

Vague Conclusion Clear Conclusion

I always collect some leaves from the tree, too, but few people think of making tree rubbings.

276 Grade 4, Unit 5: Change Is All Around


The Ever-Living TreeWriting Write to Inform

Writing© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Name Date


First Pass

Documents

Name Date PRACTICE BOOK Text and Graphic Features · 272_41_246420RTXEPB_L023.indd 272 5/29/09 3:48:10 PM. Writing Dialogue Dialogue uses quotations to tell a speaker’s exact words