Name: Age of Exploration Practice

A) find a more direct trade route to AsiaB) obtain military technologyC) make contact with the Empire of BeninD) trade in established ports in the Americas

1. One reason Spain sponsored the first voyage ofColumbus to the west was to

A) The Spanish established an exchange betweenEurope and the Americas.

B) The Ming dynasty launched expeditions to the eastcoast of Africa.

C) Muslim Arab armies succeeded in conqueringEgypt and Syria.

D) The British established control over new territoriesin India.

2. Why is the year 1492 considered a turning point inhistory?

A) Spanish rule in Latin AmericaB) pre-Columbian practices of Native AmericansC) attempts to halt the drug trade in South AmericaD) reduction of trade barriers in the Western

Hemisphere

3. The encomienda system, the latifundia form of landownership, and the office of viceroy are all closelyassociated with

A) establishment of the line of DemarcationB) creation of the Hanseatic LeagueC) Columbian exchangeD) Glorious Revolution

4. ". . . (It) brought the potato, the pineapple, the turkey,dahlias, sunflowers, magnolias, maize, chillies andchocolate across the Atlantic. On the other hand, tens ofmillions died in the pandemics of the 16th century,victims of smallpox, measles and the other diseasesbrought by Europeans (and don't forget that the Africanslave trade was begun by the Europeans, to replace thework force they had decimated).". . . — Michael Wood,BBC History (adapted)

Which historical development is being described in thisquotation?

A) The Spanish soldiers made effective use of theirmilitary technology against the Aztecs.

B) Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence.C) Spain joined the Incas in their fight against the

Aztecs.D) The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec

warriors.

5. What was one reason the Spanish conquistadors wereable to conquer the Aztec Empire?

A) Crusades B) Age of ExplorationC) Reformation D) Age of Reason

6. The encomienda system in Latin America was a directresult of the

A) destruction of the Aztec and Inca empiresB) capture of Brazil by PortugalC) colonization of North America by PortugalD) exploration of the Philippines and East Indies

7. The expeditions of Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarroresulted in the

8. Base your answer to the following question on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A) Europe became increasingly isolated.B) European trade with Africa and South America increased.C) Southeast Asia became Europe's greatest trading partner.D) European nations created colonial governments throughout central Asia.

What was a result of the explorers' voyages illustrated on this map?

A) His interactions with the indigenous peoples servedas a model for fair treatment of minorities.

B) His ships were the first to complete anaround-the-world voyage and prove the earth wasround.

C) His calculations of the distance between Europe andAsia became the basis for our modern maps.

D) His voyages started a vast cultural exchangebetween the two hemispheres.

9. Which statement explains the long-term significance ofthe travels of Christopher Columbus?

A) the refusal of the people to obey their leadersB) a conflict with the Inca EmpireC) the technology of the Spanish conquistadorsD) political corruption and an unstable government

10. A major reason for the end of the Aztec Empire was

A) control overpopulation in urban centersB) convert native peoples to ProtestantismC) obtain labor and taxes from the native peoples in

the Spanish coloniesD) introduce political ideas into the colonies

gradually

11. The purpose of the encomienda system in LatinAmerica was to

12. Base your answer to the following question on theillustration below and on your knowledge of socialstudies.

A) The Aztec religion encouraged nonviolence.B) The nations of Europe allied with the Spanish

against the Aztec rulers.C) The conquistadors were defending their homeland.D) Spanish technology was a major factor in the

defeat of the Aztecs.

Which explanation for the Spanish conquest of theAztec Empire is best supported by this illustration?

A) Europeans brought food, animals, and ideas fromone continent to another.

B) European diseases had an adverse effect on thenative populations of new territories.

C) Warfare increased as European nations competedfor land and power.

D) Advances in learning and technology made longocean voyages possible.

13. Which of these events during the Age of Explorationwas a cause of the other three?

A) establish religious freedomB) promote democracyC) increase the wealth of SpainD) introduce a laissez-faire economic system

14. A major goal of the conquistadors in Latin Americawas to

A) establishment of European coloniesB) start of the Puritan RevolutionC) invention of the magnetic compassD) failure of the Congress of Vienna

15. The Age of Exploration led directly to the

A) The transfer of new products and ideas encouragedeconomic growth.

B) New diseases were brought to Europe and resultedin massive deaths caused by a plague.

C) Native Americans immigrated to Europe andcompeted with Europeans for jobs.

D) Cross-cultural contacts between South Americaand Asia declined.

16. Which statement describes an impact that theColumbian Exchange had on the lives of Europeans?

17. Base your answer to the following question on the mapbelow.

A) Portugal became the dominant colonial power inSouth America by 1600.

B) Geography made the interior of South Americaeasy to explore.

C) Neither the Spanish nor the Portuguese developedmajor urban centers in Latin America.

D) In 1600, most of the land in South America wasnot settled by Europeans.

Which conclusion regarding early European settlementsis best supported by the information on the map?

18. Base your answer to the following question on thepassage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A) the Aztec invasion of Mayan citiesB) the Ottoman invasion of HungaryC) immigration from Europe to the New WorldD) the transatlantic slave trade

"I was immediately handled and tossed up to see if Iwere sound, by some of the crew, and I was nowpersuaded that I had gotten into a world of bad spirits,and that they were going to kill me. Their complexions,too, differing so much from ours, their long hair, andthe language they spoke . . . united to confirm me in thisbelief. . . . The closeness of the place and the heat of theclimate, added to the number in the ship, which was socrowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself,almost suffocated us."

Which event is described in this passage?

A) market its surplus agricultural productsB) obtain workers for its colonies in the AmericasC) establish collective security arrangementsD) settle its surplus population on new lands

19. In the 1600s, the interest of Europeans in Africa wasbased mainly on Europe's need to

A) Europeans drew colonial borders based on Africantribal boundaries.

B) The African Continent was divided equally amongthe colonial powers.

C) European control did much to improve theeconomies of most tribal groups.

D) African cultural and ethnic traditions were oftenignored by colonial governments.

20. Which statement about the European partitioning ofAfrica in the 1800s is most accurate?

A) spice tradeB) large numbers of Christian convertsC) rich deposits of gold and silverD) development of manufacturing sites

21. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch interest in theislands of Southeast Asia was mainly based on the

A) mercantilism B) humanismC) mass production D) scientific socialism

22. The Columbian exchange is most closely associatedwith the beginnings of

A) a decline in the spice tradeB) the destruction of the papacyC) the development of capitalismD) an increased reliance on bartering

23. What was one result of the European CommercialRevolution?

A) Colonies exist to provide raw materials andmarkets for a colonial power.

B) Wealth and power are based on land exchangedbetween nobles.

C) Goods and services are traded without governmentinterference.

D) Property is owned collectively and administeredby the state.

24. Which idea is most closely associated with theeconomic concept of mercantilism?

A) establish colonies for trade benefitsB) promote warfare throughout EuropeC) develop assembly lines in factoriesD) support the spread of communist ideas

25. A key objective of a mercantilist policy was to

A) pacifism B) mercantilismC) nonalignment D) containment

26. • Spain mines silver in the Americas.• The Dutch establish a colony in Southeast Asia.• The English East India Company controls teaplantations in India.

Which policy is most closely associated with theseevents?

A) food shortages B) unemploymentC) inflation D) self-sufficiency

27. Prices in Spain rose as colonies supplied large amountsof gold and silver. This suggests that Spanish importsof gold and silver led to

A) benefit the mother countryB) trade openly with various countriesC) be left alone to manage their own affairsD) attempt to gain independence as soon as possible

28. According to the European policy of mercantilism,colonies should

29. Base your answer to the following question on thespeakers' statements below and on your knowledge ofsocial studies.

A) A and B B) A and CC) B and D D) C and D

Which two speakers would most likely supportmercantilism?

30. Base your answer to the following question on the illustration below and on your knowledge of socialstudies.

A) nonalignment B) laissez-faire capitalismC) perestroika D) mercantilism

Which policy is portrayed in this illustration?

A) removal of trade barriersB) elimination of private propertyC) establishment of subsistence agricultureD) creation of a favorable balance of trade

31. What was one goal of mercantilism?

A) Universal suffrage leads to educated citizens.B) Controlling trade is a key to increasing power.C) Only the fittest deserve to survive.D) Strict social control prevents revolutions.

32. Which statement best describes the concept ofmercantilism?

33. Base your answer to the following question on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A) Hellenistic Period B) Roman EmpireC) Early Middle Ages D) Age of Mercantilism

The routes shown on the map reflect Atlantic trade during the

A) a result of the "Encounter"B) the forced migration of Native Americans to SpainC) the dangerous effects of mining without proper

equipmentD) an impact of Enlightenment philosophers

34. "In three or four months . . . more than seven thousandchildren died of hunger, their fathers and mothers havebeen taken to the mines. . . . Thus they [Spaniards]ruined and depopulated all this island [Cuba]."— Bartolome de Las Casas, 1552,The Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies

The event described in the quotation illustrates

35. Base your answer to the following question on the time line below and on your knowledge of socialstudies.

A) isolationism B) imperialism C) socialism D) fundamentalism

The events illustrated in this time line show the effects of European

36.

A) socialism B) manorialismC) laissez-faire capitalism D) mercantilism

Which economic system is shown in this diagram?

A) England B) FranceC) the Netherlands D) Spain

37. Which country is responsible for the extensive colonialuse of the encomienda labor system?

A) barter B) encomiendaC) domestic D) guild

38. In colonial Spanish America, which system wasdeveloped by the Spanish to support plantationagriculture?

A) western Europe B) sub-Saharan AfricaC) East Asia D) Latin America

39. Which region's colonial class structure includedpeninsulares, creoles, and mestizos?

A) the strengthening of indigenous culturesB) political independence for the coloniesC) the exploitation of nativesD) religious freedom for the majority of peasants

40. The Spanish encomienda system in the Americasresulted in

41. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A) The fewest people in the population had thegreatest power.

B) Africans and Native Americans were politicallypowerful.

C) The peninsulares made up the majority of thepopulation.

D) Mestizos and mulattoes controlled the most land inthe colonies.

Which conclusion about Spanish colonialism in theAmericas can be drawn from this diagram?

A) B)

C) D)

42. Which diagram shows the correct social hierarchy ofSpain’s colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere?

A) The Columbian exchange had a positive effect onthe Americas.

B) The Columbian exchange benefited Europe morethan it benefited the Americas.

C) The Columbian exchange brought new foods andproducts to Europe and the Americas.

D) The Columbian exchange created a modernEurope.

43. Which statement about the Columbian exchange is afact rather than an opinion?

A) supported a prosperous urban middle classB) required the labor of a peasant classC) relied on a capitalist economyD) depended on a strong central government

44. The hacienda system in Latin America was similar tothe manorial system in medieval Europe in that each

A) insure that the Indians were humanely treatedB) provide a steady labor supply for early colonistsC) prevent slavery in Spain's New World coloniesD) build and maintain forts to repel foreign invaders

45. In colonial Latin America, the main purpose of theencomienda system was to

46. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A) social mobility B) rigid class systemC) interdependence D) cultural diffusion

Which characteristic of colonial Latin American societyis best illustrated in this diagram?