Exploration

Why?New innovationsExplorersEffect of exploration

Why did Europeans travel to Asia?

1. God: wanted to convert the natives to Christianity

2. Glory: wanted a spirit of adventure

3. Gold: find spices & silks without paying Arab & Italian merchants; become

wealthy

New Innovations that made exploration possible

Compass: showed the direction

Astrolabe: used the sun to get a ship’s latitude

Lateen (triangular) sails: ships could sail into the wind

Exploration and Expansion

What impact did European expansion have on the conquerors and the conquered?

1. Plantations were established in the new colonies

2. Columbian Exchange began: exchange of plants & animals between the Old and

New Worlds – advance the economies of both worlds

3. Increase in international trade

Explorers/Discovery

1. Marco Polo2. Christopher

Columbus3. John Cabot4. Amerigo Vespucci5. Juan Ponce de Leon6. Hernan Cortes7. Ferdinand Magellan8. Samuel de Champlain 9. Henry Hudson10. Zheng He

1. Asia2. Bahamas, Cuba,

Hispaniola3. New England coastline4. South American coast5. Florida6. Mexico7. Sailed around the world8. Great Lakes & Quebec9. Hudson River & Bay10. SE Asia, India, East Africa

Africa in an Age of Transition

Economic/Political Causes Market for African

slaves in the Middle East

Planting of sugarcane in the New World

Demand for slaves increased

Economic/Political Effects Depopulation in

some areas Increased warfare

and violence

Triangular trade

Europe Sail to West Africa with iron, cloth, weapons

Africa Trade their goods for the slaves; travel along

the Middle Passage to the Americas

Americas Slaves would be traded for sugar, molasses,

tobacco, fish, flour, wood, indigo, iron & taken back to Europe to be made into manufactured goods

Triangular Trade Route (know this)

Africa: goods traded for slaves

Middle Passage

Americas: slaves shipped here & sold,

merchants bought tobacco, molasses, sugar,

raw cotton & went back to Europe

Europe: carried goods (guns & cloth)

to Africa:

Caravel ship

Astrolabe

Columbus

Magellan

Champlain

Da Gama

Zheng He

Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade

How did the power shift from the Portuguese to the Dutch in the control of

the spice trade?

Dutch came to SE Asia & pushed the Portuguese out because they had

more money. Dutch merchants also pushed out English traders.

Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade

What were the 4 types of political systems that developed in Southeast Asia?

1. Buddhist kings: Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia

2. Javanese kings: Java3. Islamic sultans: Malay Peninsula,

Indonesian Archipelago4. Vietnamese emperors: Vietnam