8
por Lawrence Chandler HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Number of Words: 727 LESSON 8 TEACHER’S GUIDE Los rayos by Lawrence Chandler Fountas-Pinnell Level N Informational Text Selection Summary Lightning flashes when electricity builds up in storm clouds. It can flash inside a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. Lightning is powerful and can cause damage, but by following safety rules, people can feel safe. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32170-7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational text Text Structure • Cause and effect text structure • Some chronological sequencing • Four sections with headings, each explaining different aspect of lightning Content • Description and dangers of lightning • Explanation of what causes thunder and lightning • Safety rules about lightning Themes and Ideas • Lightning can be powerful and destructive. • Safety precautions are necessary during thunderstorms. Language and Literary Features • Detailed descriptions • Writer talks directly to reader: ¿Has escuchado alguna vez un trueno durante una tormenta eléctrica? Sentence Complexity • Some longer compound and complex sentences: Por eso primero ves el rayo y luego escuchas el trueno. Vocabulary • Words related to lightning storms: rayos, electricidad, truenos, relámpago, descarga, tormenta eléctrica Words • Words with complex spelling patterns: eléctrica, transbordador, cosquilleo, pararrayos • Some words with more than four or more syllables: electricidad, forestales, telefónicas Illustrations • Photographs support and extend text. Book and Print Features • Thirteen pages of text, photos on every page • Bulleted list of safety rules © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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Page 1: N 30 LESSON 8 TEACHER’S GUIDE Los rayos · 2012. 6. 19. · Lightning fl ashes when electricity builds up in storm clouds. It can fl ash inside a cloud, between clouds, or between

por Lawrence Chandler

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

1033721

2.2.3

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

Libritos niveladosen línea

Nivel: N

EDL: 30

Género: Texto informativo

Estrategia: Visualizar

Destreza: Idea principal y detalles

Número de palabras: 875

2_018713_LR2_3AL_COVER_SPA_los_r1 1 4/14/08 11:33:05 AMNumber of Words: 727

L E S S O N 8 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

Los rayosby Lawrence Chandler

Fountas-Pinnell Level NInformational TextSelection SummaryLightning fl ashes when electricity builds up in storm clouds. It can fl ash inside a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. Lightning is powerful and can cause damage, but by following safety rules, people can feel safe.

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32170-7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09

If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.

Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational text

Text Structure • Cause and effect text structure• Some chronological sequencing• Four sections with headings, each explaining different aspect of lightning

Content • Description and dangers of lightning• Explanation of what causes thunder and lightning• Safety rules about lightning

Themes and Ideas • Lightning can be powerful and destructive.• Safety precautions are necessary during thunderstorms.

Language and Literary Features

• Detailed descriptions• Writer talks directly to reader: ¿Has escuchado alguna vez un trueno durante una

tormenta eléctrica?Sentence Complexity • Some longer compound and complex sentences: Por eso primero ves el rayo y luego

escuchas el trueno.Vocabulary • Words related to lightning storms: rayos, electricidad, truenos, relámpago, descarga,

tormenta eléctricaWords • Words with complex spelling patterns: eléctrica, transbordador, cosquilleo, pararrayos

• Some words with more than four or more syllables: electricidad, forestales, telefónicasIllustrations • Photographs support and extend text.

Book and Print Features • Thirteen pages of text, photos on every page • Bulleted list of safety rules

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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Expand Your Vocabulary

electricidad – forma de energía que se encuentra en la naturaleza, p. 5

descarga – el efecto del paso de una carga eléctrica fuerte a través del cuerpo de una persona o un animal, p. 5

rayo – luz producida por la descarga de electricidad en la atmósfera, p. 2

relámpago – descarga eléctrica entre dos nubes, p. 4

Los rayos by Lawrence Chandler

Build BackgroundHelp children use their knowledge of thunderstorms to visualize this book. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: ¿Alguna vez estuviste en una tormenta eléctrica? ¿Cómo fue? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Point out that the book is informational text, so the words and photos will give facts and information about the topic of lightning.

Introduce the TextGuide children through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions:

Page 2: Explain that this book gives a lot of information about thunderstorms. Suggested language: Durante una tormenta, puede haber viento retumbante y lluvia. También puedes ver que el cielo se ilumina de pronto. Vayan a la página 2. Leamos la última oración del párrafo: A ese destello lo llamamos rayo. ¿Alguna vez vieron un rayo? ¿Cómo se veía en el cielo?

Page 3: Point out the caption on this page. Este libro tiene títulos en cada fotografía. Este título dice: Primero se ve el rayo. Después se escucha el trueno. Los títulos nos dan información importante que nos ayuda a explicar la fotografía y el texto.

Page 5: Draw attention to the photograph. Si caminas por la alfombra rozando los pies y luego tocas la manija metálica de la puerta con el dedo, sentirás una pequeña descarga o cosquilleo. Probablemente verás una pequeña chispa en tu dedo. Esa descarga es electricidad. ¿Alguna vez sintieron esa pequeña descarga de electricidad? ¿Qué sintieron?

Page 7: Este libro está dividido en secciones. Pueden leer el título de la parte superior de la primera página de cada sección para saber de qué se tratará el texto.

Pages 12 and 13: Remind children that lightning can be dangerous, but there are ways to stay safe. Estas páginas están llenas de reglas de seguridad para casos de tormenta eléctrica. Cada punto negro muestra el comienzo de una nueva regla.

Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo del cuento para descubrir más cosas sobre los rayos.

2Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos

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ReadHave children read Los rayos silently while you listen to individual children read. Support their problem solving and fl uency as needed.

Remind children to use the Visualize Strategy to picture what is happening as they read.

Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite children to share their personal responses to the book.Suggested language: ¿Qué aprendiste sobre los rayos luego de leer el texto?

Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help children understand these points:

Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

• Thunderstorms produce lightning when electricity builds up in clouds.

• You can see a fl ash of lightning before you hear the sound (thunder) it makes.

• Lightning can start fi res and damage things it hits, but it is possible to stay safe in thunderstorms.

• Lightning is a powerful jolt of electricity.

• Lightning is dangerous, but with precautions, people can feel safe and enjoy the excitement and beauty of the storm.

• Section headings tell what is in each section.

• The author uses description, cause and effect, and some sequencing to organize the book.

• Safety rules are provided in a bulleted list.

• The author’s purpose in writing this book is to give readers information about lightning.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite children to choose a passage from the text to read aloud. Remind them

to pay attention to phrasing to refl ect the meaning of the text.

• Comprehension Based on your observations of the children’s reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind children to go back to the text to support their ideas.

• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Tell children that the suffi x -ísimo/-ísima means “very”. Point to the word altísima and say that it is made of the base word alta plus the suffi x -ísima. Have children say what the word means. Then, have children fi nd another example in the text.

3Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos

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Writing about ReadingCritical ThinkingHave children complete the questions on Hoja reproducible 8.8.

RespondingHave children complete the activities at the back of the book. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill.

Target Comprehension SkillMain Ideas and Details

Target Comprehension Skill Remind children that they should think about the

important ideas and details in a book. Model the skill, using a “Think Aloud” like the one below:

Think Aloud

Puedo mencionar una idea importante sobre los rayos si pienso en algunos de los detalles del libro. Un rayo puede partir el tronco de un árbol. Puede producir incendios forestales. También pueden lastimar a las personas e incluso matarlas. Estos detalles nos ayudan a ver que los rayos pueden ser peligrosos.

Practice the SkillHave children use details from the book to show that lighting can also be exciting to watch.

Writing Prompt: Thinking About the TextHave children write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think about the text, they think about the language the author has used, the genre of the text, the author’s purpose, and how the text is organized.

Assessment Prompts• What is the author’s purpose for writing this book?

• Which words on page 11 help the reader understand the meaning of the word tener cuidado?

4Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos

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Lea las instrucciones a los niños.

PiénsaloLee y contesta las preguntas.

1. ¿Por qué muchos edifi cios altos tienen un pararrayos?

El pararrayos impide que un rayo dañe el edi� cio.

2. ¿Por qué hay personas a las que les gusta ver una

tormenta eléctrica?

Algunas personas piensan que las tormentas eléctricas

son bellas o emocionantes.

3. Si estás jugando afuera a la hora del recreo y comienza

una tormenta eléctrica, ¿qué debes hacer?

Respuesta posible: Todos los niños debemos entrar de

inmediato y alejarnos de las ventanas.

Hacer conexiones ¿Cómo sabemos que se aproxima una

tormenta eléctrica? ¿Cómo ayudarías a tu familia a prepararse para

una tormenta?

Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

Grado 2, Unidad 2: Observar la naturaleza

Nombre Fecha

10

Los rayosPiénsalo

Lección 8H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 8 . 8

Piénsalo© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

2_352893RTXSAN_U02_LR_CT.indd 10 9/11/09 5:31:16 AM

15

ResponderDESTREZA CLAVE Idea principal y

detalles ¿Qué detalles del libro indican que

los rayos son peligrosos? Copia y completa

la red de palabras de abajo.

De texto a texto Acabas de leer acerca de

los rayos. Piensa en otro libro que leíste que

describe un fenómeno meteorológico

peligroso. Escribe un párrafo que resuma

por qué ese fenómeno es peligroso.

Los rayos son peligrosos.

¿ ?

¿ ?¿ ?

Causan incendios.

¡A escribir!

2_035406_LR2_3AL_LOSRAY_L08.indd15 15 11/19/09 12:24:32 PM

5Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos

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Nombre Fecha

Los rayosPensar en el texto

Responde las siguientes preguntas en dos párrafos:

¿Crees que el autor eligió un buen título para este libro? ¿Por qué sí? ¿Por qué no? ¿Qué otro título se podría elegir? ¿Cuáles dos lecciones importantes aprendiste sobre los rayos luego de leer este libro? Cuenta por qué estas lecciones son importantes para ti.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos6Grade 2

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PiénsaloLee y contesta las preguntas.

1. ¿Por qué muchos edifi cios altos tienen un pararrayos?

2. ¿Por qué hay personas a las que les gusta ver una

tormenta eléctrica?

3. Si estás jugando afuera a la hora del recreo y comienza

una tormenta eléctrica, ¿qué debes hacer?

Hacer conexiones ¿Cómo sabemos que se aproxima una

tormenta eléctrica? ¿Cómo ayudarías a tu familia a prepararse para

una tormenta?

Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos7Grade 2

Nombre Fecha

Los rayosPiénsalo

Lección 8H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 8 . 8

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ISB

N-13

: 978-0

-547-3217

0-7

ISB

N-10

: 0

-547-3217

0-8

97

80

54

73

21

70

7

90

00

0

1416

023

Estudiante Fecha Lección 8

H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 8 . 1 1

Los rayosNIVEL N

Los rayosRegistro de lectura

Behavior Code Error

Substitution lodolobo 1

Self-corrects lodo sclobo 0

Insertion el

lobo 1

Word told Tlobo 1

Behavior Code Error

Read word correctly ✓lobo 0

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

®lobo

0

Omission lobo 1

page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

2

3

Durante una tormenta, puede haber viento

retumbante y lluvia. También puedes ver que el cielo

se ilumina de pronto. A ese destello lo llamamos rayo.

A algunas personas les encanta mirar los rayos. A

otras personas les da miedo y con razón. Los rayos

pueden causar mucho daño, por eso todos debemos

tener cuidado durante una tormenta eléctrica.

¿Has escuchado retumbar alguna vez un trueno

durante una tormenta eléctrica? El trueno es el

sonido que producen los rayos. La velocidad del

trueno no es igual a la velocidad del rayo. El sonido

viaja más lentamente que la luz.

Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read

correctly/98 × 100)

%

Total Self-Corrections

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los rayos8Grade 2

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