MycoRedMycoRed integratedintegrated strategiesstrategiesforfor aflatoxin aflatoxin minimizationminimization in in 

food and food and feedfeed chainchainAntonio F. Logrieco

Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Research National Council (CNR), Via Amendola

122/O, Bari, Italy

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Novel Integrated Strategies For Worldwide Mycotoxin Reduction in Food and Feed Chains

FP7-KBBE-2007-2ª

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MycoRed addresses the problem of mycotoxins at global level, aiming to :

develop novel solution driven methodologies and handling procedures to reduce both pre- and post-harvest contamination in selected feed and food chains

generate and disseminate information and education strategies to reduce mycotoxin risks worldwide

create a wide interest among players and international network

Novel Integrated Strategies For Worldwide Mycotoxin Reduction in Food and Feed Chains (FP7-KBBE)

Map of Fumonisins risk for maize

High risk areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America are receiving high attention by applying the project’s results also in cooperation with international agriculture and food organizations

High risk areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America are receiving high attention by applying the project’s results also in cooperation with international agriculture and food organizations

CNR (IT) CRANFIELD (UK) IITA (NG) Romer (AT)

MRI (DE) BOKU (AT) CIMMYT (MX) BF (AT)

PRI (NL) DTU (DK) MAT (IT)

CRC (HU) UCSC (IT) INC (ES)

INRA (FR) UNRC (AR) FEFANA (BE)

RIVM (NL) Uniroma1 (IT)

TUBITAK MAM (TR) DSA (IT)

INBI (RU) UdL (SP)

NRC (EG)

SAMRC (SA)

End users

ResearchCenters Universities

InternationalOrganizations Companies

The

Consortium

Budget: 7189 M EurosNº Partners: 25Nº countries: 17Personpower: 1055Duration: 48 monthsPeriod: 2009-2013

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Project participants

EMAN

MPU

NMASNLMS

ISMnetwork

Twinnings

AAFC AAFC --GuelphGuelph

ARGENTINA PAE

ARGENTINA PAE

Scientific Alliances

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The project

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Information & Education

PRE-HARVEST POST-HARVEST

StorageField Animal farm/Industry Consumers

TRANSPORT PROCESSING TRANSPORT

STORAGE

CONSUMPTION

Mycotoxinrisk Ass.

Mycotoxinrisk Ass.

Mycotoxinrisk Ass.

Retailers

STORAGE

Mycotoxinrisk Ass.

Mycotoxin reduction

DISSEMINATION/EDUCATION

Interactions

WP1WP2

WP3 WP4 WP4 WP5 WP4 WP4

WP8

WP7 WP8

WP6 WP7 WP6 WP7 WP6 WP7 WP6 WP7WP4

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Activities & first results

FIELD

Better nozzle composition developed with 50 %additional fungicide reduction (compared to the best existhing technology)

Economics of large scale production and commercialisation of 4 BCA completed

PRE-HARVEST

Field trials in 2010-2012 in Italy, The Netherlands, Nigeria and Argentina done with selected Biological Control Agents in wheat, maize, peanuts

Screening hybrids of maize for A. flavusresistance and fungicides evaluation

ZoneNumber of farmers*

Mean B‐aflatoxin (ng/g) Reduction (%)AflaSafe™ Control

Maigana 22 2.1 9.8 78

Pampaida 10 3.6 27.2 87

Lere 9 5.1 11.8 57

Birnin‐Gwari 10 2.3 12.6 82

Mean 3.3 15.4 79

Aflatoxin reduction in maize after AflaSafe™ application

*Treated and control fields with no detectable aflatoxin were excluded from analysis

69‐80% aflatoxins control reduction in maize achieved with non‐toxigenicstrains in Nigeria, where 64 maize fields (62 ha) and 8 peanut fields (5 ha) were treated with Aflasafe™, a product containing a mixture of fouratoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains

Aflatoxin contents in products harvestedfrom treated fields were about 80% lower

compared to untreated fields

www.iita.org

ProposedMother-Daughter

Aflatoxin BiocontrolInitiatives and Labs

In Africa

• Isolate collection available from 20 countries

• Strains from Kenya, Mozambique and Senegal screened, and atoxigenic strains identified for efficacy testing in the field

AfricaAfrica--wide Initiative wide Initiative for Aflatoxin for Aflatoxin

BiocontrolBiocontrol

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First resultsFIELD

Standardised data systems in place for: cropping systems, locations, meteorology, analytical data for model validation and development of risk maps;

A data base has been developed prepared containingall available and relevant information for modellingdevelopment for F. verticillioides and FUM, A. flavusand AFs both in maize, and for OTA in grapes.

PRE-HARVEST (modelling)

Ear infected

Infected kernels

MycotoxinsEvasion

Mycelium infect basal organs or

cereal straw

Head tissue infected

Invasion

Spore dispersion

Spore production

…

Toxinogenesis

Map of Aflatoxin risk in MaizeMycotoxins

Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

Prediction map of aflatoxin B1 risk in pistachios growing areason a global scale

Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

Prodiction map of aflatoxin B1 risk in peanuts growing areason a global scale

Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

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relationships between environmental factors and dry matter loss relevant to EU legislative limits (DON, FUM and AFs) have been identified in wheat, maize and hazelnuts

First resultsPOST HARVEST &

PROCESSING

actions to reduce mycotoxin contents in agricultural by products and commercial products have been performed testing in vitro the ability to bind simultaneously aflatoxins B1, ZEA, FB1, OTA and DON

In vitro and large scale effect of O3 on germination and growth on relevant mycotoxinproducing fungi in apricot and other dried fruits has been carried out

POST-HARVEST

AFB1 adsorption by agricultural by-products

Adsorbent dosage: 0.1% (w/v)Toxin concentration: 1 µg/mL

23 22 1 21 26 2 25 13 7 15 10 9 8 11 4 12 35 5 6 3 37 24 28 27 20 29 17 19 36 18 16 14 33 34 32 30 31

AFB

1 ads

orpt

ion

(%)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

pH 7 pH 3

Fruit pomaces, dry fruit shells and some agricultural wastes have been selected as promising AFB1 adsorbent materials

Agricultural by-products have the potential to be used as novel multi-mycotoxin adsorbing agents

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Wireless sensor network devices have been developed and used into pilot scale grain silos to monitoring temperature, humidity and CO2.

STORAGE & TRANSPORTATION

NOVEL POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE HANDLING PRACTICES (WP4)

Ambient intelligence system Sensor Node

GPRS

SensorNode

SensorNode

ID207 – central axis

ΔT=0,6°C

201

207

204

Could be this an Hot Spot?!?

Data from Central axis are very stable and linear so this temperature peak is a sign of something strange is happening around the ID207.

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Novel approaches to control mycotoxigenic fungi by application of light at different wave length permitting a better control of fungal growth and toxin production (.

First resultsRISK ASSESMENT

Biodiversity/structure population and diagnostics have been developed applying molecular methods for identification of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium (880+) from several host plants.

A. parasiticusBFE96p

AFL

+++ +++ Dark

+++ + White

+++ + Red

+++ ++ Yellow

+++ +++ Green

+/− − Blue

+/− − Royal blue

Blue light has an inhibiting effect on aflatoxin B1 biosynthesisYES MEA

Schmidt‐Heyd et al., 2011 International Journal of Food Microbiology, 45, 229‐237

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WP7 resultsRISK ASSESMENT Advanced quantitative analytical

methods (LC MS/MS based) have been developed and validated for rapid multi-mycotoxin detection (250 metabolites) in all commodities addressed by Mycored.

Two methods were developed for the determination of mycotoxin biomarkers in urine.

Rapid test kits (strip tests) for the detection of DON, AFs and FUMs have been thoroughly validated and checked for cross-reactivity against conjugated and other altered forms of mycotoxins.

1.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.010.011.012.013.014.015.016.017.018.019.020.0Time, min0.0

2.0e44.0e46.0e48.0e41.0e51.2e51.4e51.6e51.8e52.0e52.2e52.4e52.6e52.8e53.0e53.2e53.4e53.6e53.8e54.0e54.2e5

Intensity, cps

18.0517.66

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International

actions

Latin&SouthAmerica

2011

SouthAfrica2011

Canada 2012

Egypt2010

Russia2011

Italy2010

Hungary2010

Turkey2011

Malaysia2010

WorkshopWorkshopInternational ConferenceInternational Conference

Austria2009

Malaysia2010

Argentina2010

Training CourseTraining Course

Home

education

Home

educationHome

education

32 Short Term Visitsin 2009 and 2012

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Agreement in China

Agreement in Indonesia

Meetings in Africa

Local networks

Human relationships for growing international network

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Home

education

Summary and conclusions• EU: detailed and stringent regulations

• Border rejection notifications: aflatoxins as major concern

• Strong European co‐operation and international alliences : get involved!

• Possibilities exist to combat the mycotoxin problem

• Global and integrated effort for mycotoxin  reduction a global level

Next event !!

ISM ‐International conference on  

Mycotoxins Beijing, China

May 19‐ 23,  2014

www.ISM2014.org

Food safety: a priority for public healthFood safety: a priority for public health

ThanksThanks forforyouryour attentionattention !!

www.mycored.eu