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My very own mini-moi
The respiratory system
Tuesday November 24th 2009
Agenda
• The structure and function of the respiratory system.
• Making your own mini lung model.
• Homework.
It’s like a maze game but easier!
Lesson objectives• Describe the divisions of the respiratory
system. I thought when I agreed to donate my body for science it was after I passed
away.
• Nasal cavity
• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli
Respiratory system: Anatomy
• 1) Upper -Nose -Pharynx -Larynx -Trachea
• 2) Lower -Bronchi -Bronchioles -Alveoli
• 1) ConductingNasal cavity Bronchioles
• 2) RespiratoryAlveoli
Structural Functional
Nose
• Only external part • Provides airway for
respiratory system• Air enters via the
nostrils• Moistens, warms
air, and filters the air
• Grows when you lie
Nasal Cavity• Divided in midline by
nasal septum.• Contains Turbinates
(thin bones).• Turbinates secrete
mucous which moistens and filters the air.
• Capillaries in nasal cavity heats the incoming air.
Pharynx
• Connects nasal cavity (and mouth) with larynx below.
• Made of skeletal muscle and lined with mucous.
• 3 sections: -nasopharynx: passage way
only for air. -Oropharynx: passage for air
and food. -Laryngopharynx: passage
for air and closes during swallowing.
Larynx
• 5 cm in length• Connects to trachea
(inferiorly)• 3 main functions: 1) prevents food from
entering trachea 2) Permits passage of air 3) Produces vocalization
(houses the vocal cords)
Vocal Cords
• When breathing, vocal cords are fart apart.
• When speaking, vocal cords tense up and approach each other.
• The air that passes through the narrower space makes the cords vibrate and this produces a sound.
• A long cord produces a lower (pitch) sound
• A short cord produces a higher (pitch) sound
Trachea (windpipe)
• 12 cm long, 2.5 cm diameter.
• Descends from Larynx to Bronchi.
• Made of semi-circular (C- shaped) cartilage rings.
• Esophagus lies posterior.
Bronchi
• At level of your arm pits the trachea splits into two smaller passage ways called bronchi.
• Part that enters the lung
How do you make a tissue dance?
• Put a little boogie in it!
Mucociliary Elevator
• Passages are lined with ciliated cells and mucous.
• Mucous traps foreign particles and beating cilia push it to the top where we can:
• -spit it out.
• -sneeze it out.
• Or…ew…swallow it.
Bronchioles
• The bronchi branch off into secondary –> tertiary bronchi…
• After 23 divisions the very fine tubes are now called bronchioles.
Bronchioles
• In here, the air is saturated, warmed to 37C, and filtered.
• End of conducting division
The lower respiratory tract
• Bronchioles end in a grape like cluster of tiny sacs called alveoli.
• Alveoli are surrounded by a network of capillaries. It is in the alveoli that gas exchange occurs.
Gas exchange
• O2 diffuses across the wall of the alveoli and into the blood to oxygenate it.
• CO2 diffuses from blood in capillaries (around the alveoli) to the alveoli.
• The alveoli walls are only 1 cell thick
• Alveoli are close proximity to the capillaries (short diffusion distance)
The lungs (where)
• Found in the thoracic cavity surrounded by the ribs.
LET’S PLAY A GAME
• SPOT THE DIFFERENCE (S) IN THE PICTURES
Lung anatomy
• Right lung = 3 lobes
• Left lung = 2 lobes
• Cardiac impression
• Apex• Base
Pleura• 2 layers separated by a fluid filled cavity.
• Cushion and protect the lung like a force field.
Building your own mini-you lung model
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kw3m6U7Eed8
