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IPv4 & IPv6IPv4 & IPv6

-Piyush Kr Mishra

RK3R01B39

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What is an IP addressWhat is an IP address

Way to identify machines on a network

Unique identifier

Used to connect to other computers

Allows transfer of files & e-mail

(IANA) manages the IP address space allocations globally

Two versions in use: IPv4 and IPv6.

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Internet

Protocol

Number / Address

Number / Address

5 RIRs

LIR / ISPs

End Users

IP Addresses connect the Internet

II. Internet Addressing

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Current IP address version: IPv4Current IP address version: IPv4

Fixed length, 32 bit scheme, more than 4 billion (232)addresses

IP addresses consist of four sections

Each section is 8 bits long

Each section can range from 0 to 255

Written, for example, 128.35.0.72

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IPv4 structureIPv4 structure

These four sections represent the machine itselfand the network it is on

The network portion is assigned (subnet mask).

The host section is determined by the network

administrator

5 Classes of IP address A B C D and E

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IPv4 exhaustion:IPv4 exhaustion:

y Limited address space

y Flat routing infrastructure

y Configurationy Security

y Quality of service (QoS)

y Mobility

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IPv6 SolutionsIPv6 Solutions overover IPv4IPv4

y Huge address space

y Hierarchical routing infrastructure

y Automatic configurationy Built-in security

y Better support for QoS

y Built-in mobility

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Larger Address SpaceLarger Address Space

IPv4y 32 bits or 4 bytes long

4,200,000,000 possible addressable nodes

IPv6y 128 bits or 16 bytes: four times the bits of IPv43.4 * 1038 possible addressable nodes

340,282,366,920,938,463,374,607,432,768,211,4565 * 1028 addresses per person

~=

~=

~=

~=

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IPv6IPv6 AddressingAddressing

TrillionTrillionBillion

525.62128

!

)523(523100

52TrillionthousandnQuadrillio

Billion

TrillionTrillion!

6.5 Billion people on earth

Typical braincell has

~100 Billion cells

(your count may vary)

IPv6 addresses for everyhuman brain cell on the planet

IPv6 addresses per person

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IPv6 Address RepresentationIPv6 Address Representation

y x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x, where x is a 16-bit hexadecimal field

y Leading zeros in a field are optional:

2031:0:130F:0:0:9C0:876A:130B

y

Successive fields of 0 can be represented as ::, but onlyonce per address.

Examples:

2031:0000:130F:0000:0000:09C0:876A:130B

2031:0:130f::9c0:876a:130b

FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 >>> FF01::1

0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 >>> ::1

0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 >>> ::

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Transition Mechanism:Transition Mechanism:

y IPv4 mapped IPv6 address

y Tunneling

y Dual IP stack implementation

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Coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 (Dual Stack)

The Transition PlanThe Transition Plan

Size of theInternet

Time

IPv6Deployment

IPv4Deployment

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Thank you!Thank you!