7
Journal of Atmospherio 'Iud Terrestrial PhysICS, 1951 Yol 1, pp 254 to 260 Butterworth Springer, Londou Indices of geomagnetic activity OF THE OBSERVATORIES ABINGER (Ab), ESKDALEMUIR (Es) , LERWICK (Le) JANUARY TO DEOEMBER 1950 The figures gIven on pages 255 to 260 represent the K-mdlCes for three-hour mtervals, begmnmg wIth 00-03 brs for the first and endmg WIth 21-24 hrs for the eIghth figure BOOK REVIEW WILKES, M V, Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere. Pp x+76, wIth 23 figures CambrIdge Monographs on PhyslCs CambrIdge Umverslty Press 1950 12/6 net In the :first of the five ohapters of thIS book, the author gives an mterestmg brIef aooount of the lunar and solar semldlUrnal osoJ.1latlOns of the atmosphere-the air tIdes, 1.f tms term be understood to l!llgmfy motions of tidal type but possibly or partly of thermal as well as of gravltatlOnal orlgm The faots are asoertamed mamly by analySIS of the daIly variatIOns of the barometer, more reoently lOnospherlO data have been slIDJ.1arly analysed With most remarkable results, showmg lunar lOnospherlO tides whose range m height IS to be measured m kJ.1ometres rather than m metres The seoond. third and fourth chapters summarize the mathematloal theory of these tides so far as thiS has yet been developed It was founded by LAPLAOE and has been developed partlOularly by LAMB, G I TAYLOR and PEKERIS m recent years The mam result IS to oonfirm the hypotheSIS :first advanced m 1882 by KELVIN. that the unexpeotedly large magmtude of the solar aIr.tlde, fifteen tImes as great as the lunar air.tide, IS due to resonanoe With a free period of osoJ.1latlOn of the atmosphere, of tildal type, of a few mmutes under 12 /301ar hour/3 The eXlstenoe of thiS free perlOd IS shown to depend on the peoullar dIstribution of air-temperature With height, up to at least 100 km An mterestmg analogy IS drawn between the upward flow of the energy. graVitational or thermal or both, that exoltes the tides, and whloh IS mtroduced mto the atmosphere mamly near the ground. and the propagatIOn of eleotromagnetlc radiatIOn m a medlUm of non-uniform refraotlve mdex It IS shown that the mgh degree of resonanoe magmfioatlOn shown by the /3olar 12-hourly air-tIde mdlOates that the known regIOn of rIsmg temperature above the stratosphere must be overlaid by another regIOn of fal1mg temperature. leadmg to a mIDlmum of temperature somewhat below 100 km In the fifth ohapter the results are illscussed, m relation alw to IOnospherIo and geomagnetlo data Many but not all of the past dIffioultles hmdermg general aooeptanoe of the resonanoe theory have been oleared away The seasonal and annual ohanges still await quantitative explanatIOn The volume IS an excellent mtroduotlOn to a subJeot that stul offers muoh soope for further development SYDNEY ClLU'M.Ur (Oxford) 254

MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

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Page 1: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

Journal of Atmospherio 'Iud Terrestrial PhysICS, 1951 Yol 1, pp 254 to 260 Butterworth Springer, Londou

Indices of geomagnetic activityOF THE OBSERVATORIES ABINGER (Ab), ESKDALEMUIR (Es) , LERWICK (Le)

JANUARY TO DEOEMBER 1950

The figures gIven on pages 255 to 260 represent the K-mdlCesfor three-hour mtervals, begmnmg wIth 00-03 brs for the first

and endmg WIth 21-24 hrs for the eIghth figure

BOOK REVIEW

WILKES, M V, Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere. Pp x+76, wIth 23 figures CambrIdgeMonographs on PhyslCs CambrIdge Umverslty Press 1950 12/6 net

In the :first of the five ohapters of thIS book, the author gives an mterestmg brIef aooount of the lunarand solar semldlUrnal osoJ.1latlOns of the atmosphere-the air tIdes, 1.f tms term be understood to l!llgmfymotions of tidal type but possibly or partly of thermal as well as of gravltatlOnal orlgm The faots areasoertamed mamly by analySIS of the daIly variatIOns of the barometer, more reoently lOnospherlO datahave been slIDJ.1arly analysed With most remarkable results, showmg lunar lOnospherlO tides whoserange m height IS to be measured m kJ.1ometres rather than m metres

The seoond. third and fourth chapters summarize the mathematloal theory of these tides so far asthiS has yet been developed It was founded by LAPLAOE and has been developed partlOularly byLAMB, G I TAYLOR and PEKERIS m recent years The mam result IS to oonfirm the hypotheSIS :firstadvanced m 1882 by KELVIN. that the unexpeotedly large magmtude of the solar aIr.tlde, fifteen tImesas great as the lunar air.tide, IS due to resonanoe With a free period of osoJ.1latlOn of the atmosphere, oftildal type, of a few mmutes under 12 /301ar hour/3 The eXlstenoe of thiS free perlOd IS shown to dependon the peoullar dIstribution of air-temperature With height, up to at least 100 km An mterestmganalogy IS drawn between the upward flow of the energy. graVitational or thermal or both, that exoltesthe tides, and whloh IS mtroduced mto the atmosphere mamly near the ground. and the propagatIOn ofeleotromagnetlc radiatIOn m a medlUm of non-uniform refraotlve mdex It IS shown that the mgh degreeof resonanoe magmfioatlOn shown by the /3olar 12-hourly air-tIde mdlOates that the known regIOn ofrIsmg temperature above the stratosphere must be overlaid by another regIOn of fal1mg temperature.leadmg to a mIDlmum of temperature somewhat below 100 km

In the fifth ohapter the results are illscussed, m relation ~nter alw to IOnospherIo and geomagnetlodata Many but not all of the past dIffioultles hmdermg general aooeptanoe of the resonanoe theory havebeen oleared away The seasonal and annual ohanges still await quantitative explanatIOn

The volume IS an excellent mtroduotlOn to a subJeot that stul offers muoh soope for furtherdevelopment SYDNEY ClLU'M.Ur (Oxford)

254

Page 2: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K·!NDIOES

January 1950

Ab E8 LeRa"96 jor K = 9 5001' Rangejor K=9 7501' Range for K = 9 10001'

Day K·lnd~()e8 Sum K-IndM68 Sum K·lndlic68 Sum DCf!J

1 3121 1221 13 2121 1211 11 3121 1221 13 12 3322 1111 14 3321 0000 \) 3311 1001 10 23 1113 2114 14 1112 2003 10 1111 1013 9 34 2122 2333 18 1022 2233 15 1111 1233 1~ 45 1213 2212 14 1122 2211 12 1111 1111 8 5b 1311 3332 17 1301 2232 14 1311 2332 16 67 3222 3231 18 2212 2131 14 2212 2231 15 78 0112 1111 8 0000 1001 2 1000 0001 2 89 3333 2121 18 3321 2011 13 3331 1012 14 9

10 4212 2124 18 3211 1124 15 3211 1123 14 1011 3112 1224 16 2111 1123 12 3111 1123 13 1112 2112 1232 14 2101 2232 13 2111 1232 13 1213 3222 2332 19 2011 2322 H 3111 2233 16 1314 2334 4353 27 2333 3253 24 2323 2253 22 1415 0024 3332 17 0023 3322 15 0013 2222 12 1516 1333 1224 19 0332 1124 16 1221 1124 14 1617 2002 2032 11 1011 1122 9 1001 1132 9 1718 2312 1113 14 2211 1002 9 1221 1003 10 1819 0123 2234 17 1122 2233 16 1122 2234 17 1920 4333 3412 23 4333 3331 23 4332 3432 24 2021 3324 3442 25 3324 3442 25 3323 2442 23 2122 4322 1312 18 3222 1211 14 3312 1211 14 2223 2121 1112 11 2121 1112 11 1121 1112 10 2324 2213 4666 30 2213 4775 31 3212 3887 34 2425 4343 4334 28 3343 3324 25 4343 3234 26 2526 2322 3333 21 2212 3322 17 2321 2222 16 2627 3323 3334 24 3313 3333 22 3312 2333 20 2728 3223 2421 19 3212 2421 17 3222 2331 18 2829 3221 1131 14 3110 1221 11 2210 1222 12 2930 3232 1353 22 3232 1343 21 3332 1253 22 3031 1021 1223 12 1001 1223 10 1211 1113 11 31

I

February 1950

Day K.lndw68 Sum K-Indw68 Sum K.lndwea Sum Day

1 1212 2131 13 0222 1321 13 1211 1121 10 12 1154 4432 24 1143 3431 20 1143 5542 25 23 1134 4354 25 1133 3243 20 1123 3353 21 34 2123 3554 25 2122 2453 21 2112 3453 21 45 2311 2331 16 2311 1331 15 2321 1331 16 56 0131 3321 14 0132 3321 15 0121 2211 10 67 1312 3235 20 1312 3234 19 1312 2235 19 78 1222 3333 19 2222 2323 18 3222 2334 21 89 4221 1343 20 3112 1243 17 3122 1243 18 9

10 1111 110] 7 1001 1101 5 2101 1102 8 1011 1112 2103 11 0112 2003 9 Il11 1013 9 1112 30ll 1221 II 2101 1221 10 2012 1221 11 1213 1112 1210 9 1121 1110 8 1111 1110 7 1314 1212 1221 12 1302 1121 11 1201 1121 9 1415 2113 1232 15 2122 2132 15 2112 ll21 11 1516 1013 1212 II 1002 2112 9 1111 1112 9 1617 1022 1100 7 0102 1100 5 1112 1100 7 1718 1022 1323 14 1002 1232 11 1011 1221 9 1819 1222 2213 J5 1112 1103 10 1111 1102 8 1920 3213 3588 33 2212 3599 33 2112 2598 30 2021 6644 4454 37 7743 4444 37 7953 4445 41 2122 4333 3454 29 3233 3453 26 4333 3343 26 2223 3225 5466 33 2214 4455 27 3123 6477 33 2324 5554 2145 31 5643 2144 29 6743 2145 32 2425 5343 3211 22 4333 3211 20 4422 2211 18 2526 0112 1110 7 0012 1110 6 0001 0110 3 2627 0013 3212 12 1012 3112 II 0002 2111 7 2728 1233 2211 15 1133 3212 16 1132 2211 13 28

255

Page 3: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K·INDICES

March 19/j0

Ab Ea LeRange for K=9: 500y Range for K=9: 7/jOy Range jor K = 9: 1000r

Day K·Indices Sum K-Indices SiLm R:.Indicea Sum Day

1 4233 2111 17 3222 2001 12 3322 2111 15 12 2323 2201 15 2222 1210 12 2222 1211 13 23 3122 2311 16 2112 2311 13 2111 2221 1·2 34 0123 3222 16 0012 3222 12 0112 2212 11 45 0132 2212 13 0012 2112 9 1112 2111 10 56 3322 2334 22 3312 2233 19 3221 2344 21 67 4343 3222 23 3333 3322 22 4333 3322 23 78 3112 2113 14 2011 1213 11 3121 2113 14 89 3222 3310 16 3211 2210 12 2211 2111 11 9

10 2113 1210 II 2112 0200 8 2112 0101 8 1011 0021 2123 11 0001 2112 7 1001 1122 8 1112 1122 2321 14 1101 2211 9 1111 2211 10 1213 0122 1330 12 0011 1231 9 lOll 2230 10 1314 1223 3341 19 1112 2341 15 0112 2331 13 1415 4531 3221 21 4632 3221 22 5531 2110 18 1516 1322 2312 16 1222 2210 12 1221 2211 12 1617 1023 2213 14 1122 1013 11 1122 1013 11 1718 1112 1111 9 1112 0111 8 1121 1121 10 1819

I

3466 5642 36 2365 6642 33 2354 66403 33 1920 2111 1342 15 2110 l232 12 2110 23402 15 2021 2324 4443 26 2324 4443 26 2333 5553 29 2122 4433 3244 27 4433 3233 25 4«2 2233 24 2223 3222 2213 17 2122 2212 14 2111 2103 11 2324 4432 2323 23 4442 2222 22 5543 3222 26 2425 2431 1121 15 2431 1121 16 3441 1221 18 2526 1113 3124 16 1212 2123 14 2112 2115 15 2627 5433 3455 32 5433 3455 32 5433 3455 32 2728 2123 3213 17 1123 2112 13 2223 2112 15 2829 1243 3332 21 1243 3322 20 2233 3322 20 2930 2222 3211 15 2121 2200 10 2112 2311 13 3031 0133 4434 22 0023 4:t24 18 0122 4424 19 31

April 19/j0

Day X-Indices Sum X-Indices Sum K-Indices Sum Day

1 4443 4455 33 4442 4354 30 5532 3366 33 12 4344 3445 31 4343 24411 29 5353 3446 33 23 4324 3355 29 4223 3355 27 4223 3466 30 34 3443 3443 28 3343 3443 27 344:4 4544 32 45 4443 4465 34 3433 4465 32 4333 4786 38 56 4333 4244 27 3333 3344 26 5443 3356 33 67 3323 3332 22 3323 3332 22 6432 3332 26 78 2113 3210 13 3122 2210 13 3222 3220 16 89 0123 3312 16 0122 3311 13 1012 3322 14 9

10 3412 2233 20 3321 2123 17 3321 2213 17 1011 1222 1132 14 1222 1232 15 1212 1222 13 1112 2344 3312 22 2344 3312 22 2343 3212 20 1213 4312 2111 15 4323 2100 15 4312 2111 15 1314 1121 2113 12 0121 2112 10 0111 2123 11 1415 1333 4223 21 2333 4223 22 1332 3213 18 1516 1132 3334 20 1021 3334 17 1021 3334 17 1617 4312 3332 21 3222 2233 19 3212 2333 19 1718 , 3332 3343 24 2322 3343 22 3322 2343 22 1819

I

3433 3343 2G 3332 3343 24 3332 4564 30 1920 4531 2144 24 3432 2243 23 3552 1245 27 2021 1113 1220 11 2122 1310 12 2202 1211 11 2122 0013 3211 11 1013 2211 11 0012 1211 8 2223 2334 4323 24 2323 3323 21 1223 3324 20 2324 4543 3534 31 4443 3534 30 6543 3533 32 2425 2332 2200 14 2322 2210 14 2322 1210 13 2526 1222 2100 10 1112 2100 8 1111 2100 7 2627 0011 2133 11 0111 1132 10 0111 2132 11 2728 1122 3334 19 1122 3334 19 1122 3336 20 282~ 4123 3333 22 4213 3333 22 5312 4443 26 2930 3443 3443 28 2432 4443 26 4533 5654 35 30--

256

Page 4: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K-INDIOES

May 1950

Ab E8 Le IRange for K=9: 500y Rangefor K=9: 750y Range for K=9: 1000y

Day K-Indicll8 Sum I{·Indice8 Sum J{·Indice8 I Sum DayI

1 1233 2233 19 1122 2232 1Ii 2112 2232 15 12 3123 2445 24 2122- 3345 22 2112 3456 24 23 5534 3454 33 5433 4455 33 6643 3376 37 34 3333 3444 27 3222 2444 23 6222 2446 27 45 4334 3434 28 5224 3433 26 6223 3333 25 56 1112 3433 18 1121 3333 17 1211 3334 18 67 4112 3313 18 4021 3313 17 6121 2213 17 78 2122 2112 13 2111 2122 12 3221 2212 15 89 1001 2212 {I 0100 1211 6 1001 2211 8 9

10 1113 2324 17 1112 22J3 13 1112 2214 14 I 1011 3133 4432 23 3133 4422 22 3323 3322 21 1112 2132 1232 16 1211 0222 11 2111 0331 12 1213 3343 3333 25 2332 2333 21 3332 2233 21 1314 3333 34-34 26 3223 3233 21 3322 2334 22 1416 4333 2454 28 4332 3453 27 4322 3453 26 1516 3233 3323 22 2332 2333 21 2322 2344 22 1617 2111 3221 13 2012 2222 13 4111 3232 17 1718 2211 2120 11 2111 1120 {I 3201 1220 11 1819 0112 1430 12 0101 2330 10 0011 2321 10 1920 2122 3334 20 1111 2333 15 1112 2323 15 2021 3311 2211 14 3311 2221 16 4311 2221 10 2122 0023 6444 22 0023 4433 19 0013 4433 18 2223 <1,344 3544 31 3343 4443 28 3333 5544 30 2324 4322 2333 22 3221 1232 16 3321 1222 16 2425 3122 3433 21 2lJ2 2433 18 2112 2323 16 2526 3233 3332 22 2233 3431 21 3223 3431 21 2627 2332 6546 29 2232 4546 28 3322 4557 31 2728 0545 4443 35 6566 3443 35 8706 3443 4<t 2829

I3423 4433

I26

I3323 4433

I25 3323 4333

I24

I29

30 4423 3432 25 3322 3422 21 3532 3322 23 3031 2211 2114 14 2211 2113 13 2211 2113 13 31

June 1950

Day X-Indices Sum X·lndicll8 Sum X·Indices Sum Day

1 2323 3524 24 2323 3423 22 2323 3414 22 12 4423 2335 26 4422 1336 24 5432 1336 26 23 3223 3442 23 3223 3442 23 3323 3432 23 34 3211 3311 15 2211 2310 12 232] 3321 17 41) 3121 2331 16 2221 2321 US 2221 2222 16 IS6 3443 6643 a,2 3433 5632 29 4443 4533 30 67 2122 3311 15 1012 3210 10 2111 2210 10 78 1131 3324 18 1011 2323 13 0012 2223 12 89 4623 4433 28 3423 3333 24 4433 3333 26 9

10 4334 4333 27 3334 3333 25 4423 3333 25 1011 3122 3323 19 3221 3223 18 3321 3213 18 1112 3222 3223 19 3121 2222 15 2122 2232 16 1213 1121 2Ill 10 lOll 1111 7 1011 lIlO 6 1314 1321 3221 16 1222 2211 13 1222 2210 12 1415 1113 3111 12 lIl2 2110 9 1112 lIlO 8 11516 0001 3441 13 0002 3331 12 1001 2331 II 1617 3333 3332 23 2332 3332 21 2322 2332 19 1718 2122 1220 12 1221 1221 12 1222 1221 13 1819 2211 0221 11 2211 1220 11 II12 1221 11 1920 0112 3231 13 0111 2221 10 1011 2221 10 2021 1211 2433 17 1112 1433 16 0112 2332 14 2122 2323 4323 22 2313 4322 20 1313 4312 18 2223 3222 3355 25 3212 32155 23 3212 2266 22 2324 4664 4343 32 4554 4333 31 5654 4233 32 24-25 3234 3134 23 3234 2233 22 3334 2123 21 2/S26 3321 3122 17 3322 2221 17 6422 2121 19 2627 1122 2321

I14- 1122 3322

I16 1111 2231 12

I27

28 3122 3111 14 2122 2221 14 2112 2IIl II 2829 OlJ2 6554 23 0112 4555 23 1112 4666 27 2930 6523 4444 31 5633 4-434 32 7733 4434 35 30

257

Page 5: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K-INDIOES

July 1950

Ab Es LeRange for K=9: fiOOy Rangefor K=9: 750y Range for K=9: 1000y

Day K-Indices I Sum X-Indices Sum J(-Indices Sum Day-

1 4113 4323 21 3222 3323 20 4322 3223 21 12 1312 2222 15 1210 2211 I() 1211 1211 10 23 0112 3444 19 0011 3444 17 1111 2347 20 34 5432 4433 28 5432 3333 26 8541 3334 31 45 3313 3334 23 3312 3333 21 4423 2333 24 56 3123 3421 19 3222 3421 19 3322 2321 18 67 2213 3324 20 2212 2323 17 3212 2323 18 78 2121 3200 11 2221 3200 12 2222 3200 13 89 2332 4431 22 2331 3331 19 3331 3321 19 9

10 1212 3422 17 1212 2322 15 1212 2321 14 1011 4213 5455 29 3212 5445 26 4212 4456 28 1112 5534 3333 29 6543 3333 30 8633 3334 33 1213 5424 5332 28 4424 4232 25 4424 4332 26 1314 2132 3333 20 2132 2233 18 2122 2223 16 1415 3222 3432 21 3321 3332 20 3321 3332 20 1516 2334 2211 19 2223 1212 15 2333 2212 18 1617 3231 2230 16 3121 1221 13 2121 2221 13 1718 2123 3211 15 2212 2211 13 2212 2111 12 1819 2111 3311 13 1111 3311 12 1112 2211 11 1920 2222 2222 16 1202 2221 12 1212 2222 14 2021 3213 3343 22 2112 3333 18 2112 3223 16 2122 3324 3221 20 2323 3120 16 3323 2221 18 2223 1011 2111 8 1011 llIO 6 1111 0111 7 2324 3445 3444 31 3444 2444 29 2434 2356 29 2425 5543 4332 29 5543 4332 29 6743 4342 33 2526 0122 2322 14 1110 2222 11 1111 2222 12 2627 1112 4232 16 1012 3222 13 1112 3221 J3 2728 4;322 2223 20 4320 2223 18 4421 1223 19 2829 3223 3332 21 3222 2332 19 3212 2332 18 2930 3213 4332 21 2213 3321 17 2212 3232 17 3031 2333 3443 25 2322 2333 20 3312 2333 20 31

Augusl1960

Day K-Indices Sum K-Indic68 Sum X-Indices Sum Day

1 3333 4433 26 3323 4432 24 3332 3333 23 12 3333 4353 27 3332 4353 26 3332 3343 24 23 4323 4433 26 4323 4433 26 5423 4323 26 34 3313 3332 21 2222 3322 18 2212 3322 17 45 1111 3333 16 1110 2233 J3 1111 2223 13 56 4122 3444 24 3112 3333 19 4312 2323 20 67 3324 4546 31 3314 3447 29 4413 3439 31 78 6565 4334 36 7564 4334 36 96'83 3334 39 89 3443 4545 32 3433 4545 31 4434 5546 35 9

10 3433 5565 34 3323 4564 30 5423 4465 33 1011 4434 4434 30 4334 3444 29 5533 3334 29 1112 4444 3433 29 4443' 3333 27 4643 3333 29 1213 2323 2333 21 2323 3332 21 2322 3333 21 1314 3334 5334 28 2333 4223 22 2323 3323 21 1415 4342 2332 23 3332 2321 19 3321 2221 16 1516 3132 1112 14 2112 ll02 10 2111 1102 9 1617 1112 1111 9 1100 2111 7 1111 2111 9 1718 2212 2435 21 2111 2334 17 2112 2355 21 1819 4355 6766 42 4344 7878 45 6544 8888 51 1920 7656 3422 35 9766 3322 38 9866 3322 39 2021 3144 4441 25 2143 3431 21 2143 3431 21 2122 2132 2331 17 1122 2320 13 2121 2321 14 2223 3023 2323 18 2113 2223 16 2112 2313 15 2324 1123 1113 13 1012 1213 11 2002 1223 12 2425 3233 2111 16 2201 1210 9 3211 2111 12 2526 0121 2Ul 9 0011 1112 7 0001 2212 8 2627 3113 2223 17 2101 2222 12 2001 2221 10 2728 3233 354~ 27 3223 3534 25 2223 3444 24 2829 3333 4423 25 3332 4423 24 3432 4334 26 2930 4332 2341 22 3332 2331 20 4322 2331 20 3031 0133 3321 16 1122 3311 14 1121 2321 13 31

258

Page 6: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K-INDIOES

September 1950

Ab Es,

LaRangejor K=9: 500"/ Rangej01' K=9: 750"/ I Rangejor K=9: 1000"/

I

Day K-Indices Sum K-Indices Sum

IK-Indicea Sum Day

1 1212 2212 13 1111 2212 11 0111 2212 10 12 1112 1132 12 1111 2232 13

I1110 2131 10 2

3 2444 5556 35 1343 5566 33 2333 5577 35 34 5344 3445 32 6344 3445 33 6344 3445 33 45 5555 3555 38 5445 4554 36 6444 4665 39 56 4444 4.444 32 4444 4434 3l 6644 4344 35 67 3234 4333 25 3233 4333 24 4233 4333 25 78 2345 3565 33 1344 3465 30 2444 3454 30 8!l 5323 2343 25 4322 2242 21 5522 2242 24 !l

10 5213 3443 25 5222 3443 25 5411 3443 25 1011 4433 2334 26 4422 1133 20 4522 1234 23 11]2 3233 3111 17 3123 3111 15 4133 3111 17 1213 2123 2443 21 2123 2343 20 2112 2353 ]9 1314 1212 2212 13 1112 2101 9 1111 1111 8 ]415 0013 2211 10 0012 2201 8 1011 2201 8 1516 2114 4544- 25 2113 4533 22 2113 3444 22 1617 2333 3444 26 1332 3344 23 2232 3455 26 1718 4343 4334 28 4233 4324 25 6332 3334 27 1819 4224 4135 25 4223 4136 24 4223 3237 26 1920 5434 4443 31 5434 4443 31 71533 3443 32 2021 3312 2131 16 3312 1131 15 3321 1131 15 2122 0111 2211 9 0001 2210 6 lIOl 2111 8 2223 0124 3455 24 1123 3464 23 1123 2455 23 2324 4323 4556 32 4212 4456 28 7412 4456 33 2421l 5343 3545 32 4333 3545 30

II

4333 3546 31 2526 3233 2353 24 3112 2353 20 5121 2354 23 2627 2223 2232 18 3222 1222 16 3122 1222 ]5 2728 1123 2122 14 0022 2112 10 0112 2222 12 2829 1112 1111 9

I1010 Ull 6 0011 1133 10 29

30 1122 1354 19 1122 1343 17 1011 1344 15 30

October 1050

Day ](-Indw88 Sum K-Indio88 Sum K-Indioea Sum Day

1 4454 5546 37 4544 4445 34 6644 5445 38 12 3455 5565 38 4555 4565 39 6644- 4576 42 23 4444 4564 35 4443 3463 31 5543 3465 35 34 5444 4563 35 4443 4563 33 5443 4563 34 45 3433 3455 30 3433 3455 30 4333 3455' 30 56 3334 3444 28 4233 2434 25 5233 2435 27 67 4333 4444 29 4333 4444 29 5433 4454 32 78 4323 3311 20 4222 2300 15 4222 2311 17 89 3224 3112 18 3223 2112 16 3323 1122 17 9

10 2111 1213 12 2112 1113 12 2101 1213 11 1011 1121 1331 13 1120 1321 11 2110 0320 9 1112 3423 3334 25 3322 2234 21 3322 1234 20 1213 3222 2243 20 2221 2133 16 2321 2132 ]6 1314 5434 5544 34 5434 4645 35 5433 4667 38 1415 5432 2334 26 5431 2334 25

I7622 2334 29 15

16 4344 4544 32 4344 5443 31 4333 6454 32 1617 4243 4443 28 3243 3443 26 4333 3444 28 1718 2233 2322 19 2233 2222 18 2133 1222 16 1819 2111 1112 10 2111 1112 10 1111 1012 8 1920 1122 1233 15 0011 2123 10 1011 2123 11 2021 0012 1121 8 000] 1121 6 1111 1122 10 2122 0112 3434 18 0002 3433 15 0101 3433 15 2223 4333 3234 25 4222 2224 20 4222 2223 19 2324 3223 2212 17 3121 2212 14 2122 2212 14 2425 1102 2223 13 2102 2123 13 2111 2113 12 2526 1223 3232 18 2112 2122 13 1122 2122 13 2627 1012 2221 11 0011 2211 8 1011 1112 8 2728 3455 5565 38 3455 5676 41 4445 5797 45 2829 5354 5556 38 5444 4556 37 6543 4557 39 2930 44.34 5555 35 5433 4455 33 7643 4565 40 3081 54,34 5565 37 4434 4455 33 5434 5455 Il5 31

259

Page 7: MV Wilkes, ,Oscillations of the Earth's Atmosphere (1950) Cambridge Monographs on Physics Cambridge University Press x +76, with 23 figures, 12/6 net

K-INDICES

Novembel 1950

Ab Es LeRange for K=9 500y Range jor K = 9 750y Range lor K =9 1000y

Day K-IndtceB Sum K-Indtce8 Sum K-IndtclJ8 Sum Day

1 4445 5563 36 34,5 5463 33 5533 5464 35 12 3133 3411 19 3232 2411 18 3232 2311 17 23 2323 2122 17 1321 2122 14 2222 1123 15 34 2444 3642 29 2433 4633 28 2443 5743 32 4-5 3133 3334 23 3112 22-23 16 3112 2124 16 56 3122 lll0 11 1111 1000 5 2111 lOll 8 67 0011 1001 4 1001 0001 3 llOl 0001 4 78 3312 2222 17 2302 2222 15 3302 1221 14, 89 1311 0232 13 1210 0122 9 1210 0132 10 9

10 3354 5542 31 3353 4442 28 3353 5443 30 10II 3331 3333 22 3231 2323 19 4331 2333 22 1112 3243 3535 28 2142 2434 22 3232 3434 24 1213 3333 a344 26 3332 3344 25 4332 3344- 26 1314 32ll 2333 18 2112 2232 15 3212 2333 19 1415 0012 1013 8 0012 ]013 8 0001 1012 5 1516 2101 1233 13 1100 1122 8 1101 1122 9 1617 3232 3344 24 2121 2343 18 2122 2243 18 1718 0012 3253 16 0002 2242 12 1002 2243 14 1819 2222 1001 10 2110 0000 4 2211 1001 8 1920 0112 2211 10 OOll 12ll 7 1111 1121 9 2021 0012 2134 13 0000 ]034 8 1011 1034 11 2122 2113 3545 24 2101 3445 20 2101 2535 19 2223 4112 2133 17 3000 1123 10 4011 1123 13 2324 1112 1544 19 0000 1445 14 lIOl 1357 19 2425 5434 6534- 34 5334 5334 30 8433 5434 34 2526 5545 5555 39 4445 4554 35 5534- 4664 37 2627 5444 4454 34 4434 4454 32 5533 4454 33 2728 3434. 4464 32 3433 4464 31 4333 4474 32 2829 4323 3354 27 4232 3344 25 5322 3244 25 2930 3322 1353 22 3322 1343 21 3322 1343 21 30

December 1950

Day K Indtces Sum K-Indtc6s Sum K-Indtc6s Sum Day

1 1222 2211 13 1211 1110 8 0211 lll1 8 12 1211 1432 15 1222 2322 16 1211 1321 12 23 1112 2134 15 1112 2133 14 1111 1134 13 34 0111 2232 12 OIlO 0222 8 0101 1132 9 4-5 2122 3332 18 2011 2332 14 2011 1243 14 56 2243 3322 21 2]33 2212 16 1133 2211 14 67 3232 2234 21 3212 2233 18 3311 1133 16 78 1223 2434 21 0103 2334 16 lll2 2333 16 89 3231 J:!112 15 3231 2012 14 3221 2111 13 9

10 2222 2133 17 2221 2232 16 1211 2133 14- 10II 1022 1111 9 2101 1110 7 llOl lll1 7 1112 0343 2354 24 0342 1354 22 0232 1255 20 1213 4443 3465 33 5432 3355 30 7433 3376 36 1314 5422 2365 29 5412 1355 26 6512 1367 31 1415 1233 3343 22 2122 2233 17 2222 2133 17 1516 2323 2112 16 2223 2111 14 2212 ll22 13 1617 1113 ll23 13 1113 1022 11 1102 ll21 9 1718 3112 3452 21 3101 2352 17 31ll 224-1 15 1819 3223 2342 21 3221 2342 19 3121 2242 17 1920 1112 1236 16 1012 0235 14 lll1 1134 13 2021 3222 2121 15 3211 1011 10 3101 1022 10 2122 1122 4564 25 0112 2574 22 1112 3675 26 2223 4444 4424 30 4443 3423 27 5433 3326 28 2324 3333 3654- 30 3233 3644 28 4333 3554 30 2425 4334 4446 31 4333 4344 28 4333 4344 28 2526 4334 4443 29 4234 3443 27 4333 3433 26 2627 3333 3344 26 3333 2234 23 3333 2234 23 2728 3233 3321 20 2222 2322 17 2222 2222 16 2829 1123 ]222 14 12J:!2 1122 13 11]2 1112 10 J:!930 2013 3333 18 3001 2233 14 3011 2233 15 3031 0011 2113 9 0010 0102 4 0011 1101 5 31

260