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Multicast AddressingMulticast Addressing
Permanent multicast groups, in the range 224.0.0.0–224.0.1.255
Addresses used with Source-Specific Multicast (SSM), in the range 232.0.0.0–
232.255.255.255GLOP addressing, in the range
233.0.0.0–233.255.255.255Private multicast addresses, in the
range 239.0.0.0–239.255.255.255
PIM Multicast Routing PIM Multicast Routing ProtocolsProtocols
PIM Dense Mode PIM Sparse Mode
PIM Dense Core - PIM Dense Core - ConsiderationsConsiderations
RPF failureRPF failure
– – Incoming interface for multicast must Incoming interface for multicast must match outgoing interface for unicastmatch outgoing interface for unicast
NBMA mode problemNBMA mode problem
– – Unlikely in SP networks, links Unlikely in SP networks, links typically P2Ptypically P2P
Configuring PIM Dense CoreConfiguring PIM Dense Core
Enable multicastEnable multicast
– – ip multicast-routingip multicast-routingEnable PIM on interfacesEnable PIM on interfaces
– – ip pim dense-modeip pim dense-mode
Verifying PIM Dense CoreVerifying PIM Dense Core Verify AdjacenciesVerify Adjacencies– – show ip pim neighborshow ip pim neighbor Simulate client joinsSimulate client joins– – ip igmp join…ip igmp join…– – ip igmp static…ip igmp static… Simulate sourceSimulate source– – PingPing– – IP SLAIP SLA Verify transportVerify transport– – show ip mroute countshow ip mroute count– – debug ip mpacketdebug ip mpacket no ip mroute-cacheno ip mroute-cache
PIM Sparse Core - PIM Sparse Core - ConsiderationsConsiderations
How is the RP assigned?How is the RP assigned?– – StaticStatic– – Auto-RPAuto-RP a.Sparse-dense modea.Sparse-dense mode b. Sparse mode onlyb. Sparse mode only Default RP assignmentDefault RP assignment Auto-RP listenerAuto-RP listener c. RPF failure from mapping agent or candidate RPc. RPF failure from mapping agent or candidate RP– – BSRBSR– – Anycast (more later…)Anycast (more later…) RPF failureRPF failure NBMA mode problemNBMA mode problem
Verifying PIM Sparse CoreVerifying PIM Sparse Core
Verify AdjacenciesVerify Adjacencies– – show ip pim neighborshow ip pim neighbor Verify PIM joinsVerify PIM joins– – ip igmp join…ip igmp join…– – ip igmp static…ip igmp static…– – debug ip pim debug ip pim on RPon RP Verify source registrationVerify source registration– – PingPing– – IP SLAIP SLA– – debug ip pim debug ip pim on RPon RP Verify transportVerify transport– – show ip mroute countshow ip mroute count– – debug ip mpacketdebug ip mpacket no ip mroute-cacheno ip mroute-cache
Configuring PIM Sparse CoreConfiguring PIM Sparse Core
Enable multicastEnable multicast– – ip multicast-routingip multicast-routing Enable PIM on interfacesEnable PIM on interfaces– – ip pim sparse-modeip pim sparse-mode– – ip pim sparse-dense-modeip pim sparse-dense-mode Configure RP assignmentConfigure RP assignment– – StaticStatic– – Auto-RPAuto-RP– – BSRBSR
MSDPMSDP
RPs in different ASes peer via MSDPRPs in different ASes peer via MSDP– – TCP transport requiredTCP transport required When a source registers with the RP itWhen a source registers with the RP itgenerates Source Active (SA) messagesgenerates Source Active (SA) messagesto MSDP peersto MSDP peers Allows other ASes to know what sendersAllows other ASes to know what sendersthere are in the Internetthere are in the Internet If local RP has a (*,G) entry for a client itIf local RP has a (*,G) entry for a client itforwards PIM join up RPF tree towardsforwards PIM join up RPF tree towardsremote RPremote RP
Multicast BGPMulticast BGP
Multicast BGP propagates sourceMulticast BGP propagates sourceadvertisements solely for purpose of RPFadvertisements solely for purpose of RPFcheckcheckLike static mroutes but dynamicLike static mroutes but dynamicMulticast BGP preferred over Unicast BGPMulticast BGP preferred over Unicast BGPfor RPFfor RPFEnabled through MP-BGP Enabled through MP-BGP address-familyaddress-familyipv4 multicastipv4 multicast
Multicast BGP ConfigurationMulticast BGP Configuration
Configure BGP peersConfigure BGP peersActivate multicast address familyActivate multicast address familyAdvertise multicast sourcesAdvertise multicast sourcesVerify new RPFVerify new RPF
– – show ip rpf show ip rpf w.x.y.zw.x.y.z
Anycast RPAnycast RP
Goal:Goal:– – Distribute RP load to multiple devicesDistribute RP load to multiple devices– – Simplify failover and reduce convergence Simplify failover and reduce convergence
timetimewhen an RP failswhen an RP failsHow:How:– – Multiple RPs share the same IP addressMultiple RPs share the same IP address Typically /32 LoopbackTypically /32 Loopback– – Join and register messages sent to closestJoin and register messages sent to closest RP based on IGP metricRP based on IGP metric