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Development of Triple Band Inverted F-Antenna(PIFA) for GSM 800MHz,DCS 1800 MHz and Bluetooth 2400MHz

Prepared by MUKHTAR AHMED YASIN (GE130045)Supervised by DR. KHAIRUN NIDZAM BIN RAMLICHAIRMANPM. Dr. Mohammad Faiz Liew bin Abdullah

PANELSDr. Zuhairiah bt Zainal AbidinDr. Mariyam Jamilah bt HomamFINAL MASTERS PROJECT PRESENTATION 11Introduction OUTLINEObjectives Problem statement Project scopeMethodology Result and analysisConclusion and recommendation 212345672INTRODUCTION Wireless performance is completely dependent on a high performance antenna design and implementation.Antenna used in mobile handheld devices can be one of the following types:Single band AntennaMultiband AntennaReconfigurable antennaPlanar antennas are one of the multiband antennas that have attractive features such as:Broad operating bandwidthLow profileLight weight Ease of integrations into arrays of RF circuits.

31Planar Inverted-F Antennas (PIFAs) are resonant at a quarter-wavelength and are widely used for mobile phone applications and other communication devices.PIFA antennas contain:Ground planeShorting plate/pinFeeding plate/pinRadiating patch

INTRODUCTION(Cont ) PIFA antenna configuration 4

Shorting plate1In this project, a triple band operating PIFA antenna was designed which covers frequency bands of GSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and Bluetooth 2400MHz. In order to obtain the triple band operation, two slots of L-shaped will be created on the radiating patch of the antenna.A parametric study will also be carried out in order to find out the effects they cause to the bandwidth and the antenna performance (input impedance, return loss and antenna radiation.).

5INTRODUCTION(Cont ) 1OBJECTIVESTo design triple band PIFA antenna for mobile handheld devices that operates frequency bands of GSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and Bluetooth 2400MHz using CST MWS.To measure and evaluate the antenna performance in terms of return loss, VSWR, bandwidth and input impedance.

62PROJECT SCOPEThis project is intended to develop and analyze a triple band PIFA that is capable to cover Cellular frequencies of GSM900, DCS1800 and Bluetooth/WLAN 2400MHz.The antenna will be modeled and simulated with simulation software called CST MW Studio.A parameter study will also be carried out to different parameters such as:Shorting plate, Height of antenna, Ground plane Gap slots

73PROBLEM STATEMENTNowadays more and more wireless standards are being supported by the wireless devices, so they employ several antennas for each standard.This leads to large space requirement in handheld devices. Therefore due to the space constraints in mobile devices, an antenna has to cover multiple band frequencies in order to allow more space in the mobile devices.Therefore Antennas like PIFA will allow multiband operation and will give less space to wireless devices.84METHODOLOGY (Process)95METHODOLOGY (Calculations)10Results obtained by calculation F1F2F35METHODOLOGY (Dimensions)Parameters Descriptions Dimensions (mm)LGround plane length 84WGround plane width46L1Rad. Patch length 142W1Rad. Patch width 146L2Rad. Patch length 221W2Rad. Patch width 221L3Rad. Patch length 314W3Rad. Patch width 314SShorting plate width8.5HAntenna height 6.8GSlot gab size2SW3L3L2W2W,W1L1LHGAntenna dimensions in front view and side view 115RESULT AND ANALYSIS12ANTENNA DESIGN

Side view of PIFA antenna PIFA antenna with Dual L-shaped slot on the top patchThe PIFA antenna with dual L-shaped slot in order to obtain triple band frequencies613Parametric StudyThe following parameters will be studied in order to find out the effects to the characteristics of PIFA antenna.

Ground plane sizeGab slot size

Height Shorting plate width

GSHLWOne parameter will be changed at once while the rest are made constant.

RESULT AND ANALYSIS614Ground Plane size

Increasing the ground plane size will increase the bandwidth and reduce the return loss of the third operating frequencyThe best size chosen is 84x46 since it produces best optimized resultRESULT AND ANALYSIS615Gab slot size

Increasing the gab slot size will shift right (decrease) the last two operating frequencies.As shown in figure, the best optimized gab slot is 2 mmRESULT AND ANALYSIS616Shorting plate width

Increasing the shorting plate width will only effect the first operating frequency since shorting plate is connected to the main radiating patchIncreasing the width of shorting plate increases the operating frequency of first bandThe most optimized width chosen is 6mmRESULT AND ANALYSIS617Height Decreasing the height will reduce the return loss of the operating frequency but will increase the bandwidth of the antennaThe most optimized height chosen is 8mm

RESULT AND ANALYSIS618SIMULATION RESULT

S11 PARAMETERF1= 0.967 GHz Return Loss = -25.06dBF2= 1.81 GHz Return Loss = -35.54dBF3= 2.48 GHz Return Loss = -25.06dBBandwidthF1 Bandwidth = 46 MHz (4.8%) F2 Bandwidth = 103 MHz (5.7%) F3 Bandwidth = 99 MHz (4.0%) All the three operating frequencies have a return loss of less than -10dBBandwidth of the three bands were narrower due to the height of the antenna being smallRESULT AND ANALYSIS619SIMULATION RESULT

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)Input ImpedanceF1= 1.118F2= 1.034F3= 1.055F1= 47.5 F2= 54 F3= 54 The input impedance of the simulated antenna was almost 50 VSWR obtained in simulation < 2 which means most of the power is radiated RESULT AND ANALYSIS620

SIMULATION RESULT

Operating frequency (GHz)Directivity (dBi)Gain (dB)Radiation efficiency 0.94.545.100-0.5621 (dB)87.9%1.86.636.632-0.003244 (dB)98.6%2.45.655.482-0.1724 (dB)96.1%Radiation pattern 0.91.82.4RESULT AND ANALYSIS621MEASUREMENT RESULTS11 PARAMETERF1= 0.996 GHz Return Loss = -25.35dBF2= 1.83 GHz Return Loss = -30.28dBF3= 2.49 GHz Return Loss = -24.22dBBandwidthF1 Bandwidth = 77 MHz (7.7%) F2 Bandwidth = 55 MHz (3.1%) F3 Bandwidth = 242 MHz (9.7%)

RESULT AND ANALYSIS622MEASUREMENT RESULTVoltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)Input Impedance

F1= 49.8 F2= 45.5 F3= 52.8

F1= 1.1497F2= 1.088F3= 1.1463RESULT AND ANALYSIS623Comparison between Measurement and Simulation result

Simulated Design

Fabricated DesignReturn Loss comparisonDifference between simulated and measured result is due to following:Misalignment of antenna during assembling parts togetherSoldering Interference from surroundingsRESULT AND ANALYSIS624Comparison between Measurement and Simulation result

Simulated Design

Fabricated DesignVSWR comparison

RESULT AND ANALYSIS625Comparison between Measurement and Simulation result MeasurementSimulationDifference Center frequencies (GHz)0.9960.960.0361.8041.840.0362.5032.470.033Return loss (dB)-25.36-29.374.01-30.28-21.638.65-24.22-24.930.71Bandwidth (MHz)77(7.7%)46(4.8%)3155(3.1%)103(5.6%)48242(9.7%)99(4%)143RESULT AND ANALYSIS6

All these parts were assembled together.Ground planeRadiating patch26CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 7CONCLUSION Triple band PIFA antenna that was designed in CST MW studio was fabricated and measured.Both simulated and measured result showed similar except indifference due to the interference and misalignment of antenna during assembling and fabrication.

27CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 7RECOMMENDATIONIn the future, the tri-band PIFA antenna that is designed can be improved in many ways to increase its performance.More multiband can be employed such as for GSM1900, UMTS (1920-2100 MHz) and WLAN 5.5 GHz bandThe antenna can be miniaturized to reduces its size and be fitted to latest mobile phones THE END28THANK YOU