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Noor aufwan

MITSUBISHI 4G ENGINE GUIDE AND

SPECIFICATION : EVO I-IX, GSR

TURBO, VR4, MIVEC, AND 6A10 V6 4G91

4G91 1.5 liter NA Engine DOHC 16-valve

Compression Ratio:9.5:1

Bore: 78.4mm

Stroke: 77.5 mm

Maximum Power: 112.65HP at 6000 rpm

Maximum Torque: 135Nm at 5000 rpm

4G61T

4G61t 1.6 liter Turbo Engine DOHC 16-valve

Displacement: 1595 cc

Compression Ratio: 8.0:1

Bore: 82.3

Stroke: 75.0

Mitsubishi electronic with port fuel injection (MPFI)

Emission controls: 3-way catalytic converter, feedback fuel-air-ratio control, EGR

Turbocharger: Mitsubishi TDO4-11b

Max boost pressure: 12.1psi

Redline:7000rpm

Maximum Power

4G61T (USA/Canada only) 135HP/6000 191Nm/3000

4G61T (Japan) 160HP/6000 220.65Nm/2500

4G92 Mivec

4G92 Mivec 1.6 liter Engine Capacity: 1597cc

Fuel System: (Mitsubishi) multi-point fuel injection

Valve train: dohc 16v with MIVEC

Compression Ratio: 11:1

Bore: 81.0

Stroke: 77.5

Maximum Output: 172HP at 7500rpm

Maximum Torque: 167Nm at 7000 rpm

4G93 Engine Model

4G93 SOHC 16 Valve

Electronic Controlled Injection (MPI)

Total Displacement: 1834cc

Bore: 81.0mm

Stroke: 89.0mm

Compression Ratio: 9.5:1

Maximum Output: 115HP at 5,500rpm

Maximum Torque: 161Nm at 4,500rpm

4G93 DOHC 16 Valve

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)

Total Displacement: 1834cc

Bore: 81.0mm

Stroke: 89.0mm

Compression Ratio: 12:1

Maximum Output: 128HP at 6,000rpm

Maximum Torque: 177Nm at 3,750rpm

4G93T (GSR T)

4G93 GSR 1.8 liter Turbo Engine 4G93 DOHC 16 Valve Turbocharged.

Total Displacement: 1834cc

Mitsubishi electronic with port fuel injection (MPFI)

Turbocharger: Mitsubishi IHI TD04L-13G-5

Compression Ratio: 8.5:1

Bore: 81.0mm

Stroke: 89.0mm

Maximum Power: 190HP At 6,000rpm

Maximum Torque: 250Nm At 3,750rpm

4G63 Vr4

4G63 VR4 2.0 literTurbo Engine DOHC 16v inline 4 cylinder

Displacement: 1997 cc

Fuel System: ECI-MULTI

Compression Ratio: 7.8:1

Bore: 85mm

Stroke: 88 mm

Maximum power: 240Hp at 6000 rpm

Maximum torque: 304 Nm at 3500 rpm

4G63 Evo

4G63t Evo 2.0 liter Turbo Engine DOHC 16v inline 4 cylinder

Displacement: 1997 cc

Fuel System: ECI-MULTI

Bore: 85mm

Stroke: 88 mm

Maximum Power/Torque from base model

Evo I : 244 hp at 6000rpm and 309Nm at 3000rpm

Evo II : 252 hp at 6000rpm and 309Nm at 3000rpm

Evo III : 270 hp at 6250rpm and 309Nm at 3000rpm

Ev0 IV : 276 hp at 6500rpm and 352Nm at 3000rpm

Evo V : 276 hp at 6500rpm and 373Nm at 3000rpm

Evo VI : 276 hp at 6500rpm and 373Nm at 3000rpm

Evo VII : 276 hp at 6500rpm and 385Nm at 3000rpm

Evo VIII: 276 hp at 6500rpm and 385Nm at 3000rpm

Evo IX:(Mivec):286hp at 6500rpm and 392Nm at 3500rpm

6a10 V6 24-Valve

6A10 1.6 liter V6 Engine Displacement: 1597 cc

Bore: 73.0 mm

Stroke: 63.6 mm

Engine type: V type 6 cylinder DOHC 24 valve

Compression ratio: 10.0:1

Fuel system: ECI multi

Peak power: 103 kW (140 PS) at 7000 rpm

Peak torque: 147 N·m (108 ft·lbf) at 4500 rpm

Inline 4-cylinder[edit]|]edit source]

The number in the engine code gives the approximate displacement of the engine. e.g. B18A would have an approximate displacement of 1.8L, H22A1 would have an approximate displacement

of 2.2L.

Some engines below were available in more than one market.

A-series

84-87 A18A1 Prelude (America)

85-89 A20 Accord carbureted (Europe, America)

86+ A20A1 Accord 2.0 carbureted - EX (Canada), DX LX (U.S.)

86+ A20A2 Accord 2.0 carbureted - EX (Europe)

88-89 A20A3 Accord 2.0 EFI - LX-i SE-i (America)

86+ A20A4 Accord 2.0 EFI - EXi (Europe)

B-series

89-92 B16A Civic - SiR (Japan)

90-93 B16A Integra - RSi/XSi (Japan)

92-95 B16A Civic - SiR II (Japan)

89-92 B16A1 Civic - VT (Europe)

90-91 B16A1 Civic - SiR (Japan)

91-95 B16A2 Civic - Vti (Europe)

99-00 B16A2 Civic - Si (America)

94-97 B16A3 Del Sol VTEC (America)

94-97 B16A3 Del Sol - Vti-T (Europe)

94-97 B16A3 Del Sol Vti-T (Europe)

96-00 B16A4 Civic - SiR II (Japan)

97-01 B16B Civic Type-R (Japan)

92-93 B17A1 Integra GS-R (America)

90-93 B18A1 Integra (America)

94-01 B18B1 Integra (America)

94-95 B18C Integra Si VTEC (Japan)

95-99 B18C Integra SiR-G (Japan)

96-00 B18C Integra Type R (Japan)

94-01 B18C1 Integra GS-R (America)

96-97 B18C3 Integra Type R (Taiwan/Hong Kong)

96 B18C3 Civic VTi 1.8

97+ B18C4 Civic 1.8 Vti (Europe)

97;98;00-01 B18C5 Integra Type R (America)

96+ B18C6 Integra Type R (Europe)

96+ B18C7 Integra Type R (Australia)

87-89 B20 Accord 2.0i (Europe)

85-87 B20A1 Prelude Fi (Europe)

86+ B20A1 Prelude 2.0i (Europe)

87+ B20A2 Accord 2.0i EX (Europe)

90-91 B20A3 Prelude 2.0 S (America)

88+ B20A4 Prelude 2.0

90-91 B20A5 Prelude 2.0 Si (America)

88-89 B20A5 Prelude Si (America)

88-91 B20A6 Prelude 4WS Si (Australia)

87-92 B20A7 Prelude 2.0i (Europe)

88+ B20A8 Accord 2.0i (Europe)

87-92 B20A9 Prelude 4WS 2.0i (Europe)

97-98 B20B CR-V (America)

97+ B20B3 CR-V RD1 (Europe)

97-98 B20B4 CR-V

B20Z SMX (Japan)

90-91 B21A1 Prelude Si (America)

HONDA

D-series

1991 1.4 L D14 (Civic)

84-87 1.5 L D15A2 (CRX) HF

85-87 1.5 L D15A3 (CRX) Si

91-99 1.5 L D15B (Civic) VTi VTEC

96-02 1.3 L D13B4 (City)LXi/EXi/DX

88-91 1.5 L D15B2 (Civic) DX/LX, (CRX) DX (LSi in Europe)

88-91 1.5 L D15B6 (Civic) Base, (CRX) HF

92-95 1.5 L D15B7 (Civic) DX/LX

92-95 1.5 L D15B8 (Civic) CX

92-95 1.5 L D15Z1 (Civic) VX VTEC-E

96-98 1.5 L D15Z4 (Civic) LX

96-00 1.5 L D15Z6 (Civic) (VTEC SOHC) (iLS in Europe)

86-89 1.6 L D16A1 (Integra) DOHC

86-89 1.6 L D16A3 (Integra) DOHC (Australia)

88-91 1.6 L D16A6 (Civic) Si, (CRX) Si, (Civic) EX

88-89 1.6 L D16A8 (Integra) DOHC

88-89 1.6 L D16A9 (Integra) (CRX in Europe) DOHC

92-95 1.6 L D16Y1 (Civic) Vti SOHC (Australia)

96-00 1.6 L D16Y4 (Civic) İES NON VTEC(TURKEY)

96-00 1.6 L D16Y5 (Civic) HX VTEC-E

97-00 1.6 L D16Y7 (Civic) DX/LX/CX

96-00 1.6 L D16Y8 (Civic) EX/(Canada)Si VTEC

90-92 1.6 L D16Z5 (Civic) (CRX in Europe) DOHC

92-95 1.6 L D16Z6 (Civic) EX/Si, Del Sol Si VTEC

01-05 1.7 L D17A1 (Civic) DX/LX

VTEC

D-series

01-05 1.7 L D17A2 (Civic) EX VTEC/VTEC-II

01-05 1.7 L D17A6 (Civic) HX VTEC-E

04-05 1.7 L D17A7 (Civic) GX

98-06 1.6 L D16A (HR-V) J/J4

98-06 1.6 L D16A (HR-V) JS/JS4 VTEC

E-series

1973 1.2 L EB (Civic)

2000 1.0 L EC (Insight) Hybrid

1975 1.5 L ED (Civic) CVCC

1976 1.6 L EF (Accord)

1980 1.3 L EJ (Civic)

1979 1.8 L EK (Accord/Prelude)

1980 1.5 L EM (Civic) CVCC

1986 1.5 L EW2 (CRX)

1984 1.4-1.5 L EW4 (Civic)

1983 1.8 L ES (Accord/Prelude)

1985 1.8 L ET (Prelude)

1984 1.3 L EV (Civic)

1984 1.5 L EW (Civic/CRX)

F-series

1988 2.0 L F20 (Accord) VTEC

92-96 F20A4 (Prelude) SOHC

00-05 F20C (S2000) (Japan)

00-03 F20C1 (S2000) (America)

05-09 F22C (S2000) (Japan)

04-09 F22C1 (S2000) (America)

90-96 F22 (Accord/Prelude/CL/Odyssey/Isusu Oasis/Isuzu Aska) VTEC & Non-VTEC

98-02 2.3 L F23 (Accord/CL/Odyssey/Isuzu Oasis) VTEC

H-series

92-96 H22A Prelude Si VTEC (Japan)

94-97 H22A Accord SiR (Japan)

97-01 H22A Prelude SiR, SiR S-spec, Type S (Japan)

00-02 H22A Accord Euro R (Japan)

93-96 H22A1 Prelude VTEC (America)

93-96 H20A4 Modified Prelude VTEC (America)

97-98 H22A1 Prelude VTiR (Australia)

93-96 H22A2 Prelude 2.2i VTEC (Europe)

1996 H22A3 Prelude VTEC (KU)

97-01 H22A4 Prelude SH & Base(America)

97-98 H22A5 Modified Prelude (Europe)

99-02 H22A7 Accord Type R (Europe)

99-01 H22A8 Modified Prelude (Europe)

99-01 H22Z1 Prelude VTiR (Australia)

99-02 H23A Accord Wagon, SiR Wagon (Japan)

91-93 H23A1 Prelude SRS (Australia)

91-95 H23A1 Prelude Si (Australia)

92-96 H23A1 Prelude Si; SE (America)

92-96 H23A2 Prelude 2.3i (Europe)

93-95 H23A3 Accord 2.3i SR (Europe)

K-series

(03+) 01+ K20A Integra TYPE-R; Civic TYPE-R; Accord Euro R (Japan)

02-04 K20A2 RSX Type S (America)

01+ K20A3 Integra IS (Japan)

01+ K20A3 RSX Base, Civic Si (America)

03+ K24A Accord; Accord Wagon (Japan)

03+ K24A2 TSX 200 (America)

(03+) 02+ K24A3 CRV; Element; Accord

(03-06) K24A4 2.4L Honda Accord

(08-Current) K24Z3 2.4L Honda Accord / Accord Euro (CU2)

05+ K20Z1 RSX Type S (America)

(07+) K23A1 RDX

(06-11) K20Z3 Civic Si

12+ K24Z7 Civic Si

13+ K24W2 Accord

13+ K24W3 Accord Sport

L-series

2001 1.3 L L13A (Fit/Jazz) - engine marketed as 1.4L in certain regions

2002 1.2 L L12A (Jazz)

2002 1.5 L L15A (Fit/Fit Aria/Airwave/Mobilio)

Circle L - General Motors/Isuzu 1.7 L Diesel

R-series

2006 1.6 L R16A (Honda Civic) i-VTEC (Singapore, Egypt, Turkey, Cyprus)

2006 1.8 L R18A1 (Honda Civic) i-VTEC

2006 1.8 L R18A2 (Honda Civic) i-VTEC (EDM)

2006 2.0 L R20 (Honda Stream) i-VTEC

Diesel

N-series

04-06 2.2 L N22A2 FR-V (Europe)/Edix (Japan) - diesel i-CTDi (Common Rail Direct Fuel Injection)

2010-???? 5.0 L N50 (RL) A-VTEC

Inline 5-cylinder[edit]|]edit source]

G-series

1992–1994 2.5 L G25 (Vigor)

1995–1998 2.5 L G25 (TL)

V6

C-series - 90° SOHC

1985–1990 2.0 L C20 (Honda Legend)

1983–1988 2.5 L C25 (Legend/Rover 825/Sterling 825L/Sterling SL)

1986–1997 2.7 L C27 (Legend/Accord/Rover 827/Sterling 827L/Sterling SL/Rover Vitesse/Rover Coupe)

1991–2005 3.2 L C32 (Legend/TL/RL)

1996–2004 3.5 L C35 (RL/Legend)

C-series - 90° DOHC

1991–1996 3.0 L C30A (NSX)

1997–2005 3.2 L C32B (NSX)

J-series - 60° SOHC

1999 2.5 L J25 (Inspire/Saber)

1998–2007 3.0 L J30 (Accord/CL/TL)

1999–2007 3.2 L J32 (TL/CL)

1998–2007 3.5 L J35 (Odyssey/Pilot/Ridgeline/MDX/2005-2008 Acura RL/2007–2008 Acura TL Type-S/2009-?? Acura TL

with FWD/Saturn Vue)

2007-???? 3.7 L J37 2007-?? (Acura MDX/2009-?? Acura RL/2010-?? Acura TL with SH-AWD/2010-?? Acura ZDX)

2008-2012 3.5 J35

EarthDreams J-series - 60° SOHC

2013+ 3.5 L J35Y1(EarthDreams) (Honda Accord)

EarthDreams Z-series - 90° DOHC

2015+ 3.0 L Z30A(EarthDreams) 2015 Acura NSX

HR28TT

2010 2.8 L twin-turbo (Acura ARX-01)

2012 2.8 L twin-turbo (HPD ARX-03)

V8[edit]|]edit source]

LM-AR6

2007 3.4 L (Acura ARX-01)

2012 3.4 L (HPD ARX-03)

LM-AR7

2009 4.0 L (Acura ARX-02)

NISSAN

Nissan's Straight-4 engines include:

1952–1966 Nissan D engine — 0.9/1.1 L — D10, D11

1955–1975 Prince G engine — 1.5/1.8/1.9/2.0 L — GA-4/G-1, GB-30/G-2, G-15, G-18

1956–1960, 1962-present Nissan H engine — 1.9/2.0 L — H, H20 (See Straight-6 below for other H engines.)

1957–1960 Nissan C engine — 1.0 L

1958–1964, 1982–1988 Nissan E engine — 1.0/1.2/1.3/1.5/1.6 L — E, E-1, E10, E13, E15E, E15ET, E16, E16E

1961–1970 Nissan G engine — 1.5 L — G

1964–1987 Nissan SD engine — Series One — Diesel 2.2/2.3/2.5 L — SD22, SD23, SD25 (See Straight-6 below for other SD engines.)

1965–1970 Nissan R engine — 1.6 L — R16

1965–1982 Nissan J engine — 1.3/1.5/2.0 L — J13, J15, J16

1966–2008 Nissan A engine — 1.0/1.2/1.3/1.4/1.5 L — A10, A12, A12T, A12A, A13, A14, A15

1967.5–1970 Datsun U engine — 2.0 L — U20

1968–1980 Nissan L engine — 1.3/1.4/1.6/1.8/2.0 L — L13, L14, L16, L18, L20B (See Straight-6 below for other L engines

1971–1983 Nissan UD engine — Diesel 4.9 L — UD4

1979–1989 Nissan Z engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0/2.2/2.4 L — Z16, Z18, Z18ET, Z20S, Z20E, Z22E, Z24

1982–1991 Nissan CA engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — CA16, CA18i, CA18DE, CA18DET, CA18ET, CA20

1983–1985, 1991–1997? Nissan CD engine — Diesel 1.7/2.0 L — CD17, CD20, CD20T, CD20ET, CD20E

1983–1986? Nissan FJ engine — 2.0/2.4 L — FJ20E, FJ20ET, FJ24

1983–1992 Nissan MA engine — 0.9/1.0/1.2 L — MA09ERT, MA10S, MA10E, MA10ET, MA12S

1986–present Nissan TD engine — 2.3/2.5/2.7 L — TD23, TD25, TD27, TD27T

1987–present Nissan GA engine — 1.3/1.4/1.5/1.6 L — GA14DE, GA16E, GA16DE, GA16DNE, GA16DS

1987–2007 Nissan SR engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — SR16DE, SR16Di, SR16D, SR16VE, SR16VE N1, SR18DE, SR18DET, SR18Di, SR20DE,

SR20DE GT Spec, SR20DET, SR20Di, SR20VE, SR20VET

1988–2004 Nissan KA engine — 2.4 L — KA24E, KA24DE

1989?–present Nissan NA engine — 1.6/2.0 L — NA16, NA20 - replacement of Z series and mostly used in commercial vehicles. Designed

based on Z series.

1992–2002 Nissan CG engine — 1.0/1.3/1.4 L — CG10DE, CG13DE, CGA3DE

1999–present? Nissan YD engine — Diesel 2.2/2.5/ L — YD22DDT,YD22DDTi, YD25DDT, YD25DDTi

1994?–2000 Nissan QD engine — Diesel 3.2 L — QD32

1999–present Nissan QG engine — 1.3/1.5/1.6/1.8 L — QG13DE, QG15DE, QG16DE, QG18DE, QG18DD, QG18DEN

1999–present Nissan ZD engine — Diesel 3.0 L — ZD30DD, ZD30DDT, ZD30DDTi

2000–present Nissan QR engine — 2.0/2.5 L — QR20DE, QR20DD, QR25DE, QR25DD

2002–present Nissan CR engine — 1.0/1.2/1.4 L — CR10DE, CR12DE, CR14DE

2004–present Nissan MR engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — MR16DDT, MR18DE, MRA8DE, MR20DE, MR20DD

2005–present Nissan HR engine — 1.5/1.6 L — HR15DE, HR16DE (See Straight-3 above for other HR engines)

Nissan's Straight-4 engines include:

1952–1966 Nissan D engine — 0.9/1.1 L — D10, D11

1955–1975 Prince G engine — 1.5/1.8/1.9/2.0 L — GA-4/G-1, GB-30/G-2, G-15, G-18

1956–1960, 1962-present Nissan H engine — 1.9/2.0 L — H, H20 (See Straight-6 below for other H engines.)

1957–1960 Nissan C engine — 1.0 L

1958–1964, 1982–1988 Nissan E engine — 1.0/1.2/1.3/1.5/1.6 L — E, E-1, E10, E13, E15E, E15ET, E16, E16E

1961–1970 Nissan G engine — 1.5 L — G

1964–1987 Nissan SD engine — Series One — Diesel 2.2/2.3/2.5 L — SD22, SD23, SD25 (See Straight-6 below for other SD

engines.)

1965–1970 Nissan R engine — 1.6 L — R16

1965–1982 Nissan J engine — 1.3/1.5/2.0 L — J13, J15, J16

1966–2008 Nissan A engine — 1.0/1.2/1.3/1.4/1.5 L — A10, A12, A12T, A12A, A13, A14, A15

1967.5–1970 Datsun U engine — 2.0 L — U20

1968–1980 Nissan L engine — 1.3/1.4/1.6/1.8/2.0 L — L13, L14, L16, L18, L20B (See Straight-6 below for other L engines

1971–1983 Nissan UD engine — Diesel 4.9 L — UD4

1979–1989 Nissan Z engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0/2.2/2.4 L — Z16, Z18, Z18ET, Z20S, Z20E, Z22E, Z24

1982–1991 Nissan CA engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — CA16, CA18i, CA18DE, CA18DET, CA18ET, CA20

1983–1985, 1991–1997? Nissan CD engine — Diesel 1.7/2.0 L — CD17, CD20, CD20T, CD20ET, CD20E

1983–1986? Nissan FJ engine — 2.0/2.4 L — FJ20E, FJ20ET, FJ24

1983–1992 Nissan MA engine — 0.9/1.0/1.2 L — MA09ERT, MA10S, MA10E, MA10ET, MA12S

1986–present Nissan TD engine — 2.3/2.5/2.7 L — TD23, TD25, TD27, TD27T

1987–present Nissan GA engine — 1.3/1.4/1.5/1.6 L — GA14DE, GA16E, GA16DE, GA16DNE, GA16DS

1987–2007 Nissan SR engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — SR16DE, SR16Di, SR16D, SR16VE, SR16VE N1, SR18DE, SR18DET, SR18Di,

SR20DE, SR20DE GT Spec, SR20DET, SR20Di, SR20VE, SR20VET

1988–2004 Nissan KA engine — 2.4 L — KA24E, KA24DE

1989?–present Nissan NA engine — 1.6/2.0 L — NA16, NA20 - replacement of Z series and mostly used in commercial vehicles.

Designed based on Z series.

1992–2002 Nissan CG engine — 1.0/1.3/1.4 L — CG10DE, CG13DE, CGA3DE

1999–present? Nissan YD engine — Diesel 2.2/2.5/ L — YD22DDT,YD22DDTi, YD25DDT, YD25DDTi

1994?–2000 Nissan QD engine — Diesel 3.2 L — QD32

1999–present Nissan QG engine — 1.3/1.5/1.6/1.8 L — QG13DE, QG15DE, QG16DE, QG18DE, QG18DD, QG18DEN

1999–present Nissan ZD engine — Diesel 3.0 L — ZD30DD, ZD30DDT, ZD30DDTi

2000–present Nissan QR engine — 2.0/2.5 L — QR20DE, QR20DD, QR25DE, QR25DD

2002–present Nissan CR engine — 1.0/1.2/1.4 L — CR10DE, CR12DE, CR14DE

2004–present Nissan MR engine — 1.6/1.8/2.0 L — MR16DDT, MR18DE, MRA8DE, MR20DE, MR20DD

2005–present Nissan HR engine — 1.5/1.6 L — HR15DE, HR16DE (See Straight-3 above for other HR engines)

Dynometer test

A dynamometer or "dyno" for short, is a device for measuring force, moment of

force(torque), or power. For example, the power produced by an engine, motor or other

rotatingprime mover can be calculated by simultaneously measuring torque and rotational

speed(RPM).

A dynamometer can also be used to determine the torque and power required to operate a

driven machine such as a pump. In that case, a motoring or driving dynamometer is used. A

dynamometer that is designed to be driven is called an absorption or passive dynamometer. A

dynamometer that can either drive or absorb is called a universal or active dynamometer.

In addition to being used to determine the torque or power characteristics of a machine under

test (MUT), dynamometers are employed in a number of other roles. In standard emissions

testing cycles such as those defined by the United States Environmental Protection

Agency (US EPA), dynamometers are used to provide simulated road loading of either the

engine (using an engine dynamometer) or full powertrain (using a chassis dynamometer). In

fact, beyond simple power and torque measurements, dynamometers can be used as part of

a testbed for a variety of engine development activities, such as the calibration of engine

management controllers, detailed investigations into combustion behavior, and tribology.

In the medical terminology, hand-held dynamometers are used for routine screening of grip

and hand strength, and the initial and ongoing evaluation of patients with hand trauma or

dysfunction. They are also used to measure grip strength in patients where compromise of

the cervical nerve roots or peripheral nerves is suspected.

In the rehabilitation, kinesiology, and ergonomics realms, force dynamometers are used for

measuring the back, grip, arm, and/or leg strength of athletes, patients, and workers to

evaluate physical status, performance, and task demands. Typically the force applied to a

lever or through a cable is measured and then converted to a moment of force by multiplying

by the perpendicular distance from the force to the axis of the level

What horsepower means is this: In Watt's judgement, one horse can do 33,000 foot-pounds

of work every minute. So, imagine a horse raising coal out of a coal mine as shown above. A

horse exerting 1 horsepower can raise 330 pounds of coal 100 feet in a minute, or 33 pounds

of coal 1,000 feet in one minute, or 1,000 pounds 33 feet in one minute. You can make up

whatever combination of feet and pounds you like. As long as the product is 33,000 foot-

pounds in one minute, you have a horsepower.

You can probably imagine that you would not want to load 33,000 pounds of coal in the

bucket and ask the horse to move it 1 foot in a minute because the horse couldn't budge that

big a load. You can probably also imagine that you would not want to put 1 pound of coal in

the bucket and ask the horse to run 33,000 feet in one minute, since that translates into 375

miles per hour and horses can't run that fast. However, if you have read How a Block and

Tackle Works, you know that with a block and tackle you can easily trade perceived weight for

distance using an arrangement of pulleys. So you could create a block and tackle system that

puts a comfortable amount of weight on the horse at a comfortable speed no matter how

much weight is actually in the bucket.

Horsepower can be converted into other units as well. For example:

1 horsepower is equivalent to 746 watts. So if you took a 1-horsepower horse and put it on a

treadmill, it could operate a generator producing a continuous 746 watts.

1 horsepower (over the course of an hour) is equivalent to 2,545 BTU (British thermal units).

If you took that 746 watts and ran it through an electric heater for an hour, it would produce

2,545 BTU (where a BTU is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1

pound of water 1 degree F).

One BTU is equal to 1,055 joules, or 252 gram-calories or 0.252 food Calories. Presumably, a

horse producing 1 horsepower would burn 641 Calories in one hour if it were 100-percent

efficient.

In this article, you'll learn all about horsepower and what it means in reference to machines.

Horse power convert to cc

For example 1800cc of a 1.8 liter 16

valve ford escort engine divided by 15

yields 120 hp.

15 cc bersamaan dengan 1 kuasa

kuda.

UJIAN KENDERAAN DIATAS

JALAN pemanduan kenderan dengan menguji

sistem kenderaan dan komponen kenderaan

Sistem yang diuji ialah seperti menguji brek,pecutan kenderaan,sistem stering dan sistem-sistem yang lain

Kenderaan yang mempunyai masalah tidak mencukupi spesifikasi yang di kehendaki akan di baik pulih atau laporan akan di buat.

CC adalah singkatan dari cubic centimetre, satuan volume dalam sentimeter atau 1cm x 1cm x 1cm.

Maksud dari 1000cc dan 2000cc adalah pembulatan dari kapasitas mesin tersebut. Dengan angka2 yg

mudah diterima maka orang dapat dengan mudah memperkirakan secara kasar tentang mesin tersebut

meskipun belum tentu tepat. Kapasitas mesin sendiri didapat dari luas penampang ruang bakar x

langkah piston x jumlah silinder. Misal spesifikasi Avanza 1.3 G tercantum :

Tipe mesin = 4 Silinder Segaris

Diameter dan langkah (mm) = 72.0 x 79.7 >>> 7.2 x 7.97 (cm)

maka kapasitas mesin

phi x (d/2) kuadrat x langkah x jumlah silinder

3,14 x (7.2 / 2) kuadrat x 7.97 x 4 = 1297.33 masuk dalam kategori mobil 1300cc atau 1,3 liter.

Apakah borosnya bahan bakar berpengaruh dengan besarnya CC.....???

Mungkin yg dimaksud, apakah besarnya CC berpengaruh dengan borosnya bahan bakar.

Jawabannya, umumnya iya tapi belum tentu benar.

Ambil contoh mesin A=1000cc dan B=2000cc, anggaplah semua kondisi sama dan dihitung secara

kasar saja,

maka 1 putaran mesin A memerlukan 1000cc (1 ltr) campuran udara dan bbm sedangkan mesin B perlu

2000cc (2ltr).

kalau kedua mesin bekerja pd 1000rpm maka mesin A perlu 1000ltr udara+fuel sedangkan mesin B

perlu 2000ltr untuk setiap menitnya, artinya dalam kondisi ini mesin A perlu fuel lebih sedikit drpd mesin

B.

Bagaimana kalau mesin A bekerja pd 5000rpm sedangkan mesin B pd 2000rpm, mesin A perlu 5000ltr

udara+fuel sedangkan mesin B perlu 4000ltr utk setiap menitnya, artinya dalam kondisi ini mesin A lebih

perlu fuel lebih banyak drpd mesin B.

Pernyataan yg lebih tepat adalah borosnya bahan bahan bakar tergantung dari beban kerja mesin.

Utk rasio bbm thd km mesin bensin 1600cc, setahu saya tidak pernah ada yg bilang dibawah 1 ltr utk 8

km dan jarang yg bilang 1 ltr lebih utk 14 km. Rata2 antara 9 - 10 km/ltr utk dalam kota dan 11 - 12

km/ltr utk luar kota.

Semua itu tergantung dari teknologi pd kendaraan tsb, cara mengemudi (cara injak gas dan biasa main

di rpm berapa dsb), kondisi kendaraan (muatan, tekanan ban dsb), kondisi jalan (tikungan, tanjakan

dsb) serta hal2 lainnya.

Engine displacement is determined from the bore and stroke of an engine's cylinders. The bore is the diameter of the circular chambers cut into the cylinder block.

To simplify:

Examples: The 427 Chevy bore is 4.312 in, and the stroke is 3.65 in, therefore the displacement for this eight-cylinder engine is:

3.1416/4 × (4.312 in)2 × 3.65 in × 8 = 426.4 cu in

or:

(4.312 in)2 × 0.7854 × 3.65 in × 8 = 426.4 cu in

If the bore is 10 cm and the stroke is 5 cm with four cylinders, the calculation is:

3.1416/4 × (10 cm)2 × 5 cm × 4 = 1,570 cc = 1.57 liters

((Bore (cm) X Bore (cm) X stroke (cm) X No. of cylinders)) divided by 4 e.g. Bore = 10 cm, stroke = 12 cm, 4 cylinders Cubic capacity = (10 X 10 X 12 X 4) divided by 4 = 1,200 cc (cubic centimeters)

CALCULATION OF CC