mudarchitecture-120503155130-phpapp02

8/12/2019 mudarchitecture-120503155130-phpapp02

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Mud

Architecture..Azizur khan

Nikhil mehta

Kashif manna


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Introduction...

Mud has been the most essential of building

materials since the dawn of the man.

Approximately 58% of all buildings in India are

mud brick and a growing construction boom inIndia.

Mud is a building material which has already

being tested and tried for thousands of years. It is used in modern day construction and the

method of using it is very different.


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introduction

Mud has its own limitations which can beovercome.

The main advantage of mud is we do notneed lot of energy to manufacture it unlikebrick, cement, steel, concrete, etc.

Mud construction is mainly found in places

which are relatively dry and have mud inabundance.


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introduction

The mudhouse uses minimal energy, is comfortable

year round.

The mudhouse construction uses only simple natural

materials, which are any digging soil from the earthmixed with water and added up with paddy or hay or

any dried fiber or even recycling garbage.

Mud house construction is durable and can be easily

recycled . Mud construction also provide air conditioning system

which provide cool air from the massive walls.


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Various construction methods are: COB: COB is good for anything except height. It is

particularly good for curved or round walls.

PISE OR RAMMED EARTH: PISE OR RAMMED

EARTH is strong and ideal for solid, squat, single storeyhouses.

ADOBE:ADOBE or SUN DRIED BRICKS can easilycope with two storey houses.

PRESSED BRICKS: PRESSED BRICKS smooth andvery strong and can build three storey.

WATTLE & DAUB METHOD: WATTLE & DAUB iselegant and fine for Seismic Zones.


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COB.. A very stiff mud is prepared by mixing mud and water in the

proportion of 1:3 and it is moulded into huge elongated egg shape.

The elongated egg shape mud is 12 to 18-inches, (30 to 40-cm) long

and about 6-inches (15-cm) in diameter.

For making a wall ,a row of cob is placed in proper line and is pressedto avoid gaps n crack.

In this way two to three layers of cobs are placed one above the other

and the sides are smoothed to avoid cracks n gap.

For making openings of door wooden frame or kerosene tins are usedto make the openings.


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COB..


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RAMMED EARTH This is a method in which the strength of the wall can be

increased by increasing the thickness of the wall.

Two parallel planks are held firmly apart by metal rods

and clips or bolts, or by small crosspieces of wood. Stiff mud is thrown in between these two planks and

rammed down with either a wooden or metal ramrod.

When one section is completed and hard, the two planks

are then raised up and a second course of rammed earthis repeated over the first.


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RAMMED EARTH


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ADOBE Blocks are kept covered with air tight polythene sheets forfirst 48 hrs with relative humidity up to 100.

Polythene sheets shall be removed after 48 hrs and theblocks shall be kept in shaded area like having enough air

circulation. Sprinkle water over blocks daily, as many times needed,

during 28 days.

Write date of production on block corner.

Cover stacks top with coconut leaves or any other cover toavoid direct sunlight.

Principle is that blocks shall not dry for 4weeks.


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ADOBE


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WATTLE AND DAUB Wattle and daub method is an old and common

method of building mud structures.

Bamboo and cane frame structure that supports

the roof. Mud is plastered over this mesh of bamboo cane

and straws

Due to excessive rainfall the Wattle and Daubstructures gets washed off.

However, the mesh of cane or split bambooremains intact and after the heavy rain is over themud is plastered on again.


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WATTLE AND DAUB


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Taos Pueblo (New Mexico) Arg-e bam (southeastern Iran,)

Examples of mud construction


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Djinguereber Mosque (West Africa.) West Africa (Uzbekistan)


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Examples of mud onstruction

Chan Chan (Moche Valley of Peru) Bobo Dioulasso Grand Mosque


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Shibam (Yemen) Siwa oasis (western egypt)


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AdvAntAges of Mud

Environmental impact

To save natural resources.

Using neither cement nor rock (Save our mountains.

To save building materials Main materials are soil and water, mixed to be mud, if the

mud is too sticky, we can add up with paddy husky or ricestraw or local fiber weed or bamboo.

Energy use

To save energy Cool in summer (Inside building temperature is about 24c to

26c


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AdvAntAges

Warm in Winter (Automatic control temperature

by passive cooling system)

Capital Expenditure

To save money .

No airconditioning, no electricity bills.


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disAdvAntAge

Humidity

Humidity is the crucial factor, mud-house

will easily be fungus. Foul odour

The brand- new mud-house may have foul

odor of crushed green leaves


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Conclusion:

Mudhouse construction, making use of the bestappropriate technology knowledge, conducive to peopleparticipation, compatible with laws of ecology, harmonizes

with the environment, gentle in its use of scare resources,and minimal energy.

Thus, hoping that Mud house will help open our eyes toan architectural alternative design for preserving the naturalworld not solely for its own sake but to provide an

environment hospitable to man which should beenvironmental friendly design


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AR. ANNA HERINGER


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INTRODUCTION

She was born in year 1977 in Austria.

She studied architecture at the University of

Art Linz/ Prof. Roland Gnaiger (Austria),where she graduated in 2004 with her

diploma.

She spent one year in Bangladesh(1997/98) as development learner.


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INTRODUCTION

An important focus of her work is the training of

young architects.

She has conducted hands-on workshops for

students with BASE habitat in South Africa,

Austria and Bangladesh.

In 2008 she was teaching at the Stuttgart

University and since 2008 she is heading thestudio "BASE habitat" where she is a visiting

professor.


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awards

In 2010 she received the nomination as

Honorary Professor of the UNESCO Chair

"Earthen Architecture".Anna Heringer won several international

awards, amongst them the Aga Khan

Award for Architecture and the AR

Emerging Architecture Award (2006 and

2008)


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PHILOSOPHY

Architecture is a tool to improve lives.The vision behind, and motivation for my work is to exploreand use architecture as a medium to strengthen cultural andindividual confidence, to support local economies and to

foster the ecological balance. Joyful living is a creative andactive process and I am deeply interested in the sustainabledevelopment of our society and our architecture. For me,sustainability is a synonym for beauty: a building that isharmonious in its design, structure, technique and use of

materials, as well as with the location, the environment, theuser, the socio-cultural context. This, for me, is what definesits sustainable and aesthetic value.


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WORK DONE

DESI is a vocational school for electrical training. The

building houses classrooms, offices and residences for the

school instructors. The DESI building is a new

interpretation of the traditional Bangladeshi homestead.

Moreover it is an appropriate synthesis of High-tech and

low-tech.


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WORK DONE

M TI Handmade School in RudrapurThis joyous and elegant two-storey primary school in rural Bangladesh

has emerged from a deep understanding of local materials and a heart-

felt connection to the local community. Its innovation lies in the

adaptation of traditional methods and materials of construction to create

light-filled celebratory spaces as well as informal spaces for children


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The jury unanimously recognised the architectural quality ofthis project, as well as its modernity. Integrated into the localcontext, it proposes an interpretation of the archetypes of the

rural ksars and the urban medersas. The jury was seducedby this humanist project that combines technology, cultureand the socio-economic reality of the region.

Training Centre for Sustainability, Morocco

WORK DONE


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Training Centre forSustainabilityMorocco)


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Floor Plan

Training Centre for SustainabilityMorocco)


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Section


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Section


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ast Side levation


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North Side Elevation


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Birds Eye View


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