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M.TECH-ENERGY SYSTEMS & MANAGEMENT (EEM) I SEMESTER

12MAT11 APPLIED MATHEMATICS

Numerical Methods: Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations- iterative methods based on second degree equation – Muller method,(no derivation) Chebyshev method, general iteration method (first order),acceleration of convergence, system of non-linear equations, and complex roots – Newton-Raphson method, polynomial equations – Birge –Vieta method and Bairstow’s method. Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations: Classification of second order equations, parabolic equations- solution of one dimensional heat equation, explicit method,Crank-Nicolson method and Du Fort-Frankel method, hyperbolic equations- solution of one dimensional wave equation. System of Linear Algebraic Equations and Eigen Value Problems: Iterative methods - Gauss-Seidal method, SOR method, Eigen value problems – Gerschgorian circle, Eigen values and Eigen vectors of real symmetric matrices -Jacobi method, Givens method. Interpolation: Hermite interpolation, spline interpolation, numerical solution of differential equations – Numerov method. Optimization: Linear programming- formulation of the problem, graphical method, general linear programming problem, simplex method, artificial variable technique -M-method. Graph Theory: Basic terminologies, types of graphs, sub graphs, graphs isomorphism, connected graphs-walks, paths, circuits, connected and disconnected graphs, operations on graphs, Eulerian paths and circuits, Hamiltonian paths and circuits, applications of graphs. Linear Algebra: Vector spaces, linear dependent, independence, basis and dimension, elementary properties, examples.

Subject Code 12MAT11 IA Marks 50

No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 Exam Hours 03

Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

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Linear Transformations:Definition, properties, range and null space, rank and nullity, algebra of linear transformations- invertible, singular and non-singular transformations, representation of transformations by matrices. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. M K Jain, S R K Iyengar and R K Jain, “Numerical Methods for

Scientific& Engineering Computations”, New Age International, 2004. 2. M K Jain, “Numerical Solution of Differential Equations”, 2nd Edition,

New Age International, 2008. 3. Dr. B.S. Grewal, “Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science”,

Khanna Publishers, 1999. 4. Dr. B.S. Grewal, “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, 41st Edition,

Khanna Publishers, 2011. 5. Narsingh Deo, “Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and

Computer Science”, PHI, 2012. 6. Kenneth Hoffman and Ray Kunze, “Linear Algebra”, 2nd Edition, PHI,

2011.

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12EEM12 ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES

Subject Code 12EEM12 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 Exam Hours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction : Traditional use of fuels for storage, load management, space conditioning, transportation, utility system, variable energy sources, role of different energy forms, energy quality, energy efficiency, energy and power densities. Storage Methods: Mechanical energy storage – gravitational (elevated masses, natural water cycle, pumped hydro-storage), elastic (solid springs and rubber, compressed gases), kinetic energy (linear motion, rotational motion, fly wheels). Electromagnetic energy storage – static fields, transient electric fields, magnetic materials, transient magnetic fields, radiant storage. Electro-chemical storage- Electro-chemical cell, fuel cells, batteries (lead acid, alkaline electrolyte, high temperature). Chemical reaction storage -phase transition, heat capacity, nuclear fuel. Organic Fuels: Biomass (living bio-mass storage, harvested bio-mass, coal lignite and peat), liquid bio-fuels (oil, synthetic crude, liquid fuels iron biomass), gaseous bio-fuels (natural gas, synthesized gas, gaseous fuels from biomass). Hydrogen – gaseous and liquid hydrogen, hydrides. Energy Storage Systems: Storage applications – utilities, transport, industry, house hold, total energy system – hybrid, combined, integrated. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Johannes Jensen Bent Squrensen, “Fundamentals of Energy Storage”, John Wiley, NY, 1984. 2 M. Barak (Editor) Electrochemical Power Sources: Primary and Secondary Batteries by, P. Peregrinus,IEE,1980 . 3.Baader, W. Dohne, E, Brenndorfer, “Bio-gas in Theory and Practice”,

[Russian translation], Kolos, Moscow 1982. 4.P.D.Dunn, “Renewable Energies”, Peter Peregrinus Ltd, London, United Kingdom , 1st Edition, 1986. .

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12EEM13 ENERGY AUDITING

Subject Code 12EEM13 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

History of Energy Management: Energy forecasting, limitations of energy resources, renewable energy recourses, load management, energy management, demand side management (DSM), energy conservation in realistic distribution system, short term load forecasting for de-centralized load management. Energy Situation and Global Energy Sources: World energy consumption, energy in developing countries, firewood crises, Indian energy sources, non-conventional renewable energy sources, potential of renewable energy sources, solar energy types, wind energy, wave, tidal and OTEC, super-conductors in power system, wind power generation for large scale generation of electricity, wind driven induction generators. Energy Auditing as Applicable to an Industry: Classification of energy audit system optimization, power factor improvement, preventive maintenance, process modification, non-conventional energy sources, electricity tariffs, types of off-peak tariffs. Elements of Energy Auditing and Metering Methodologies (Case Studies): Capacity utilization, technology up-gradation, fine tuning, energy conservation, concept and methods of energy conservation. Demand Side Management: Introduction ,concept of DSM, benefits from DSM, DSM techniques, time of day pricing, multi-utility exchange model, time of day pricing models for planning, load management, load priority technique, peak clipping, peak shifting, valley filling, strategic conservation, energy efficient equipment, socio-economic awareness programs.

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REFERENCE BOOKS 1. D.P.Sen Gupta, K.R.Padiyar, Indranil Sen, M.A. Pai (ED)’ “Recent

Advances in Control and Management of Energy Systems”, Interline Publishers, Bangalore, 1993.

2. Munasinghe, Mohan Desai, Ashok V –“Energy Demand: Analysis, Management and Conservation”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1990.

3. N.K.Bansal, Kleeman Millin, “Renewable Energy Sources and Conservation Technology”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishers, 1990.

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12EEM14 ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT

Subject Code 12EEM14 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 Exam Hours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Power Sector Reforms in India: Study of power sector reforms,various governmental and non-governmental agencies related to power sector, power sector rules and regulations. Electric Motors: Motor efficiency, motor selection, factors affecting motor performance, electricity use efficiently, measuring load, reducing under-loading, sizing to variable load, energy efficient motors, power factor correction, flat belt transmission drive, case studies. Pumps and Fans: Pump system design, input energy requirements, sensor location in variable speed design, estimating systems pressure loss, variable speed drives for pumps, fan system design, system characteristics, matching fan and system characteristics, efficient system operation, capacity control, variable speed, case studies. Compressors: Air compressor systems, efficient system design, capacity control, system design for variable loads, losses, refrigeration system design, efficient system operation, matching capacity to varying system load, electrical controls. Energy Conservation in Industrial Lighting : Choice of lighting, energy saving, control of lighting, energy consumption management. Economic Operation of Industrial DG Sets: Maintenance practice, load matching, PF improvement and parallel operation, waste heat recovery in industrial DG sets. Strategies for Promotion of Co-generation: Types of co-generation processes, topping cycle plant, bottoming cycle plant, choice of configuration, effect of legislation, case studies.

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REFERENCE BOOKS 1. K.R.Gangadhar Rao, “Electrical Estimating and Energy Management”,

Sapna book house, 2006. 2. M.V.Despande, “Elements of Electrical Power Station Design”, PHI,

2010. 3. M.M.El-Wakil, “Power Plant Technology”, Mc.Graw Hill International

Edition, 1984.

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ELECTIVE-I 12EEM151 COMPUTER MODELING OF ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM Subject Code 12EEM151 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction to Modeling of Power Transmission Plant: Introduction, linear transformation techniques, basic single phase modeling, three phase system analysis, three phase models of transmission lines and transformers, formation of the system admittance matrix. Modeling of Static AC-DC Conversion Plant: Introduction, rectification, inversion, commutation reactance, DC transmission. Load Flow: Introduction, basic nodal-method, conditioning of Y matrix when one voltage is known, analytical definition of the problem, Newton-Raphson method of solving load flow problem, techniques that make Newton-Raphson method competitive in load flow, characteristics of the Newton-Raphson load flow method, decoupled Newton load flow method, fast decoupled load flow, convergence criteria and tests, numerical examples. AC-DC Load Flow: Introduction, formulation of the problem, DC system model, solution techniques, control of converter AC terminal voltage, extension to multiple and or multi-terminal DC systems, DC convergence tolerance, test system and results, numerical examples. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. J. Arrillaga and C.P.Arnold and B.J.Harker, “Computer Modeling of

Electrical Power Systems”, Wiley Inter-science Publications, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition,(Student Edition), 2011.

2. E.Clarke-“Circuit Analysis of AC Power Systems”, Vol.I John Wiley & Sons Ltd, New York, 2006.

3. Glenn W.Stagg and E.L.Abiad, “Computer Method in Power System Analysis”, McGraw Hill Publishers, 1968.

4. E.W.Kimbark “Direct Current Transmission”, Vol.1, Wiley Inter-Science, London, 2006.

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12EEM152 SWITCHED MODE POWER CONVERSION

Subject Code 12EEM152 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

DC – DC Converters (Basic Converters): Linear voltage regulators (LVRs), a basic switching converter(SMPC), comparison between LVR & SMPC, principle of operation and analysis of buck converter analysis, inductor current ripple and output voltage ripple, capacitor resistance effect, synchronous rectification, design considerations, buck converter for discontinuous current operation, principle of operation and analysis of boost converter, inductor current ripple and output voltage ripple, inductor resistance effect, design considerations, boost converter for discontinuous current operation ,principle of operation and analysis of buck-boost converter analysis, inductors current ripple and output voltage ripple, design considerations, buck-boost converter for discontinuous current operation, principle of operation and analysis of CUK converter , inductor current ripple and output voltage ripple, capacitor resistance effect, design considerations, single ended primary inductance converter(SEPIC). Derived Converters: Introduction, transformer models, principle of operation and analysis of fly back converter-continuous and discontinuous current mode of operation, design considerations,principle of operation and analysis of forward converter, design considerations, double ended(Two switch) forward converter, principle of operation and analysis of push-pull converter, design considerations, principle of operation and analysis of full bridge and half-bridge DC-DC converters, design considerations, current fed converters, multiple outputs. Control of DC-DC Converter: Modeling of DC-DC converters, power supply control, control loop stability, small signal analysis, switch transfer function, filter transfer function, PWM transfer function, Type-2 error amplifier with compensation, design, PSpice simulation of feedback control, Type-3 error amplifier with compensation, design. Resonant Converters: Introduction, resonant switch ZCS converter, principle of operation and analysis, resonant switch ZVS converter, principle of operation and analysis, series resonant inverter,series resonant DC-DC converter, parallel resonant DC-DC converter, series- parallel resonant DC-

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DC converter, resonant converters comparison, resonant DC link converter. classification, basic resonant circuit concepts, resnant switch converters, zero voltage switching, clamped voltage topologies, resonant DC link converters, and high frequency link integral half cycle converters. Design of inductor and transformers for SMPC . REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Daniel W Hart, “Power Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011. 2. Rashid M.H., “Power Electronics – Circuits Devices and Applications”,

3rd Edition, Pearson, 2011. 3. D M Mitchel, “DC-DC Switching Regulator Analysis” McGraw-Hill

Ltd, 1988. 4. Umanand L and Bhatt S R, “Design of Magnetic Components for

Switched Mode Power Converters”, Wiley Eastern Publication, 2009. 5. Ned Mohan, Tore M. Undeland, William P. Robbins, “Power

Electronics Converters, Applications, and Design”, 3rd Edition, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2010.

.

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12EEM153 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT Subject Code 12EEM153 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Interest and Time Value of Money: Simple interest, compound interest, single payments, uniform series payments, interest factors and tables, nominal and effective interest rates, continuous compounding, uniform continuous payments. Methods for Evaluation of Tangible Alternatives: Present worth comparison, equal, unequal live assets, study period, capitalized cost, bond valuation, equivalent uniforms annual cost comparison, rate of return comparison. Replacement Analysis: Review of conventional approach, analysis with time value accounting, current salvage value of the defender, defender and challenger with different lives, additional one year assessment, review of project management – PERT and CPM crashing cost system. Project Feasibility Analysis: Case study, report preparation, depreciation reasons , depreciation accounts, causes of declining value, depreciation methods, cost volume profit analysis, review of conventional approach, analysis with time value, linear, nonlinear multi product analysis. Marketing Feasibility: Types of market identification of investment opportunities, market and demand analysis, forecasting demand (review), forecast control, secondary sources of information. Technical Feasibility: Product design and development, concept of concurrent engineering, plant design and capacity planning, equipment selection, process planning, line balancing, purchasing, make versus buy decisions, productivity analysis. Financial feasibility: Means of financing, financial institutions – all India and state level, profitability, cash flows of a project, financial leverage of a business, tax factors in investment analysis, direct, indirect, advance tax, tax rates, incentives for new industries in backward areas.

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Risk Analysis and Decision Trees: Recognizing risk, including risk in economic analysis, expected value, payoff table, decision trees, discounted decision trees, present economic policy, liberalization, privatization, globalization, scope for industrial growth. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. James.L.Riggs, David D. Bedworth, Sabah U. Randhawa “Engineering

Economics”, TMH, 4thEdition, 2011. 2. Prasanna Chandra, “Projects”, TMH, New Delhi, 7th Edition, 2009. 3. Norman.N.Barish, “Economics Analysis for Engineering and Managerial

Decision Making”, McGraw Hill Book Company, 1983. 4. Leland.T.Blank, Anthony. J.Jarquin, “Engineering Economy”, 7th

Edition, McGraw Hill Company, 2011.

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M.TECH-ENERGY SYSTEMS & MANAGEMENT (EEM) II SEMESTER

12EEM21 PHOTO-VOLTAIC CELLS Subject Code 12EEM21 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction: Photo-voltaic energy conversion, solar cells and solar energy conversion, solar cell applications. Photo-Voltaic Cell Characteristics: Basic concepts, manufacturing methods, theory of operation. Performance Characteristics of Photo-Voltaic Cells: Open circuit voltage, power output, series and parallel connections, operation with series applied voltage, dynamic response, output stability)and temperature effects. Homo-junction and Hetero-junction Solar Cells: Homo-junction cell configuration and performance, S-S and S-I-S hetero-junction cell configurations and performance. Applications: Photo-voltaic power supplies, general application and rules of thumb, uses of secondary batteries, self-switching flasher, stroboscope, photo-electric counter, automatic tape stop for recorder, light compass and galvanometer amplifier, self-lighting portable lamp, street lighting control, pinhole detectors, photocell chopper, uses of capacitors. Silicon Solar Cells and Solar Energy: Mechanical features &operation. Stationary Silicon Solar Cell Converter Calculation: Insolation on clear days, silicon solar cell characteristics, calculations for a converter of given output. Conversion Efficiency and Calibration of Silicon Solar Cells: Present calibration procedure, proposed AIEE method, tungsten sun method, solar simulator sun method.

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REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Chetan Singh Solanki, “Solar Photovoltaics - Fundamentals,

Technologies and Applications”, PHI, 2011. 2. Peter Gevrkian ,“Alternative Energy Systems in Building Design”,

McGraw Hill, NY, 2010. 3. Alirezaigh, Omer C. Onar, “Energy Harvesting: Solar Wind and Ocean

Energy Conversion Systems”, CRC press, 2010. 4. Y.Hamakawa, “Thin Film Solar Cells- Next Generation Phtovoltaics and

its Applications”, Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, NY, 2010. 5. Stuart R Wenham, Martin A Green, Muriel E Watt, Richard Corkish,

“Applied Photovoltaics”, Earthscan Publishers, 2007. 6. Richard J Kamp, “Practical Photovoltaics Electricity from Solar Cells”,

3rd Edition, AATEC publication, 2002.

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12EEM22 WIND-ENERGY RESOURCES Subject Code 12EEM22 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Wind Characteristics: Wind generation, meteorology of wind, world distribution of wind, wind speed variation with height, wind speed statistics. Wind Measurements: Eolian features, biological indicators, rotational anemometers, other anemometers, wind measurements with balloons. Wind Turbine- Power Energy and Torque: Power output from an ideal turbine, aerodynamics, transmission and generator efficiency, torque at constant speeds, drive train oscillators, turbine shaft power and torque at variable speeds, tower and systems installations, specific types of towers, tower height, towers and system raising, wiring, lightning protection, installation and maintenance of other equipment. Wind Turbine Connected to the Electrical Network: The synchronous generator, per unit calculation, the induction machine, features of the electrical network. Wind Turbines with Asynchronous Electrical Generators: Asynchronous systems, DC shunt generator with battery load, self-excitation of the induction generator, Roesel generator, single phase operation of the induction generator. Asynchronous Loads: Piston water pumps, centrifugal pumps, paddle wheel heaters, electrolysis cells. Economics of Wind Systems: Capital costs, economic concepts, value of wind generated electricity, hidden costs and non-economic factors in industrialized nations.

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REFERENCE BOOKS

. 1. Dan Chiras, “Wind Power Basics”, New Society Publishers, 2010. 2. Dan Charis, Mick Sagrillo, Lan Woofenden, “Power from the

Wind”, New Society Publishers, 2009. 3. Erich Hau, “Wind Turbines-Fundaments, Technologies,

Applications, Economics”, 2nd Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, NY, 2006.

4. Joshue Earnest, Tore Wizelius, “Wind Power and Project Development”, PHI, 2011.

5. Tony Burton, D. Sharpe, N. Jenkins, E. Bossanyi, “Wind Energy Handbook”,, John Wiley Publications, 2001.

6. Paul Gipe, “Wind Energy Basics”, Chelsea Green Publications, 1999.

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12EEM23 SOLAR-ENERGY RESOURCES Subject Code 12EEM23 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction: Man and energy, India's production and resources, energy alternatives. Solar Radiation: The sun as the source of radiation, solar radiation at the earth's surface, instruments for measuring solar radiation and sunshine, solar radiation data, empirical equations for predicting the availability of solar radiation, solar radiation on filled surfaces. Flat Plate Collectors: Introduction, liquid plate collector, materials for flat plate collector, efficiency of flat plate collector, other types of solar air heaters, some novel designs of solar air heaters, solar ponds, tubular solar energy collectors. Solar Concentrating Collectors: Introduction, parameter characteristics of solar concentrators, classifications of solar concentrators, thermodynamic limits to concentration, solar concentrator mountings. Solar Water Heating and Solar Cookers: Built in type solar water heaters, performance prediction of solar water heater, introduction and type of solar cookers, performance of box type solar cooker. Application of Solar Thermal Energy: Solar desalination, solar drying house heating, passive solar house heating, solar energy for industrial process heat, solar heating of building, solar refrigeration, solar furnaces, solar powered thermal water pump, solar thermal energy storage. Economic Analysis: Introduction, net present value concept, lifecycle cost method, cost benefit comparison method, payback period method.

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REFERENCE BOOKS 1. H.P.Garg and J.Prakash, “Solar Energy Fundamentals”, TMH, 2000. 2. S.P.Sukhatme, “Solar Energy, Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage,” TMH, 2010. 3 A.A.M.Sayigh, “Solar Energy Application in Buildings”. New York: Academic Press, 1979. 5. A.E.Dixon and J.D.Leslie, “Solar Energy Conversion”, Elsevier, 1979.

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12EEM24 COMPUTER AIDED POWER SYSTEM OPERATION & ANALYSIS Subject Code 12EEM24 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction: Man and energy, India's production and resources, energy alternatives. Solar Radiation: The sun as the source of radiation, solar radiation at the earth's surface, instruments. Interchange Evaluation and Power Tools: Introduction, economy interchange, economy interchange evaluation, interchange evaluation with unit commitment, multiple interchange contracts, after the fact production costing, transmission losses in transaction evaluation, other types of interchange, capacity interchange, diversity interchange, energy banking, emergency power interchange, inadvertent power exchange, power tools - the energy broker system, centralized economic dispatch of a power pool, allocating pool saving, problems and further readings. Power System Security: Introduction, factors affecting power system security, contingency analysis, detection of network problems - network sensitivity factors, AC load flow methods, correcting the generation dispatch, correcting the generation dispatch by sensitivity methods, compensated factors, correcting the generation dispatch using linear programming. State Estimation in Power Systems: Introduction, power system state estimation, maximum likelihood weighted least squares estimation – introduction, maximum likelihood concepts, matrix formulation, example of weighted least squares state estimation, state estimation in AC networks-development of method, typical results of state estimation on an AC network, introduction to advanced topics in state estimation - detection and identification of bad measurements, estimation of quantities not being measured, network observability and pseudo-measurements, applications of power system state estimation - derivation of least squares equations, problems.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Allen.J Wood Bruce F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation Operation and Control” ,2nd

Edition, Wiley India,2009. 2. George L Kusic, “Computer Aided Power System Analysis”, PHI, 2010.

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ELECTIVE-II 12EEM251 AI APPLICATIONS TO ENERGY MANAGEMENT Subject Code 12EEM251 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Overview of Artificial Intelligence : Problem solving, state space representation. Searching Techniques: Breadth first search, depth first search, heuristics search A and AO algorithms. Knowledge Representation Schemes: Predicate logic, resolution, proof by refutation, semantic nets, scripts and frames, reasoning and planning. AI Applications to Energy Forecasting: Short term and long term prediction using neural networks. Genetic algorithms and their application to economic load dispatch, security analysis using neural computing techniques.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Alien Riche & Kerningham, “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw-Hill,

2011. 2. Allen.J Wood Bruce F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation, Operation

and Control” ,2nd Edition, Wiley India,2009. 3. K Warwick, Arthur Ekwue, Raj Aggarwal, “Artificial Intelligence

Techniques in Power Systems”,IEE, UK,1997.

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12EEM252 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING & POLLUTION CONTROL Subject Code 12EEM252 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Impact of Energy Systems on Environment: Environmental degradation due to energy production and utilization, primary and secondary pollution such as SOx, NOx, SPM in air, thermal and water pollution, depletion of ozone layer, global warming, biological damage due to environmental degradation, sociological and economical problems due to thermal and other energy projects. physiological, ecological and environmental and health problems due to energy plants, methods of environmental impact assessment. Pollution due to Thermal Hydel and Nuclear Power Plants: Potential sources of pollution in thermal power plant, air, water, land pollution due to estimation for thermal power plant, environmental pollution limits guidelines for thermal power plant pollution control, various pollution control equipments such as dust collector, bag filter, electrostatic separator, working principle and selection criteria, designing the pollution control system, methods and limitation, water pollution in thermal power plant, physical and chemical methods of pollution control, land pollution effect of land pollution, measurement of land pollution, limitations and advantages of pollution control systems, hydrothermal plant environmental assessment, hydrothermal plant and rehabilitation measures for hydrothermal plant, nuclear power plants and environmental pollution, pollution control measures. Pollution due to Vehicles and Utilities: Pollution due to vehicles and utilities, methods to control emission from vehicle, boilers, furnaces etc, international standards for quality of air and norms for exhaust gases, effect of hydro-electric power stations on ecology and environment. Industrial and Urban Waste & Waste Energy Recovery: Industrial waste, waste and effluent treatment. Waste as a Source of Energy: Industrial, domestic and solid waste as a source of energy. Pollution Control: Causes, process and exhaust gases and its control, mechanism and devices for pollution control.

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Environmental and Pollution Control Laws: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), Protocol, Conference of Parties (COP) 19 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Prototype Carbon Funds (PCF) carbon credits and it’s trading, benefits to developing countries, building a CDM project. Global Environmental Concern: Global environmental issues, ozone layer depletion, global warming, green house gas emission.

REFERRENCE BOOKS 1. W.K.Foell, “Management of Energy/ Environment Systems”, John Wiley and Sons,1979. 2. M.C.MacedoJr, “Energy Management and Control Systems”, John Wiley and Sons,1983. 3. J.G.Rau, D.C.Wood, “Environmental Impact Analysis Handbook”, McGraw Hill, 1979. 4. J.M. Fowler, “Energy & Environment”, McGrawHill, 1984.

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12EEM253 NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES Subject Code 12EEM253 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Electricity Generation from Geothermal Systems: Introduction, Origin and Renewability of geothermal energy, History of Geothermal Resources, Basics of Geological Process, Geothermal Resources, Dry rock and Hot Aquifer Analysis, Geothermal Exploration, Geothermal well drilling and fluid extraction, Utilization of geothermal resources, Different methods of electricity generation using geothermal resources, advantages and disadvantages. Ocean Thermal, Tidal and Wave Energy Systems: Ocean Thermal - Introduction, Origin, history and Technology Process, Working Principle, Resource and Site Requirements, Location of OCET System, Electricity generation methods from OCET, Advantages and disadvantages, Applications of OTEC, Otec Economics. Tidal Energy - Introduction, Origin and Nature of Tidal Energy, Merits and Limitations of Tidal Energy, Tidal Energy Technology, Tidal Range Power, Basic modes of operation of Tidal schemes. Wave Energy – Introduction, Basics of wave motion, Power in waves, Wave energy Conversion devices, Advantages and disadvantages, Applications of wave energy. Fuel Cells and their Applications: Introduction and classification of fuel cells – based on type of electrolyte, based on type of fuel and oxidant, based on operating temperature, based on applications, based on the chemical nature of electrolyte, development stages and relative performance of various fuel cells, fuels for Fuel cells, efficiency of a Fuel cell, V-I characteristics of a Fuel cell, Fuel cell power plant, environmental effects. REFERRENCE BOOKS 1. Khan, B.H., “Non-Conventional Energy Resources”, TMH, 2nd Edition, New Delhi, 2009

. 2. Tiwari, G.N., and Ghosal, M.K, Renewable Energy Resources – Basic Principles

and Applications, Narosa Publishing House, 2007.

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M.TECH-ENERGY SYSTEMS & MANAGEMENT (EEM) III SEMESTER

12EEM31 GRID INTEGRATION ISSUES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Subject Code 12EEM31 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Variable Renewables and the Grid: Introduction, renewable energy source variability, grid operational requirements, base load capacity displacement with increasing wind penetration. Wind Power on the Grid: Introduction, electricity system operation, wind characteristics, managing a network with wind, capacity credits, total extra costs of wind energy,wind energy penetration levels above 20 percent, influence of national and regional differences. Renewable Resource Characteristics and Network Integration: Introduction, renewable electricity generation, characteristic, integration issues; reactive power control, voltage control, short circuit power control, flicker and harmonics control, operational issues; short term balancing, long term balancing, stability in grid network, frequency control, transmission and distribution system impacts with wind power plants, unit commitment and economic dispatch, renewable electricity supply and demand patterns, role of wind power in providing capacity on electrical networks. Review of Costs and Impacts of Intermittency: Introduction, power system reliability and operation, misconceptions and sources of controversy, quantitative findings on impacts and costs. Wind Power Forecasting: Introduction, applications of wind power forecasting, steps in a fore forecasting system, numerical weather prediction, different approaches to the power output forecast, forecast horizon, regional up-scaling, smoothing effect, forecast accuracy, examples.

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Flexibility of Fossil Fuel Plant in a Renewable Energy Scenario: Introduction, existing system advanced generating plants, energy savings and the issue of climate change, design and operation of coal and natural gas powered steam plants, pseudo intermittency with existing plants, effects on plant components and reliability, intermittency and plants of the future. Renewable Electricity System: Introduction, scenario context, sustainable electricity system, system integration and optimization. Reliable Power and Planning: Wind resources, absence of wind blow, offshore wind power, wind power farm output forecasting, cost estimates of new grid and wind farms. Renewable source-dominated energy supply systems, energy storage and demand side management.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Godfrey Boyle,“Renewable Electricity and the Grid;The Challenge of

Variability”, Earthscan Publishers,London,2007. 2. Joshue Earnest, Tore Wizelius,“Wind Power and Project

Development”,PHI,2011. 3. Alirezaigh,Omer C .Onar, “Energy Harvesting : Solar Wind and Ocean

Energy Conversion Systems”,CRC Press,2010.

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ELECTIVES-III 12EEM321 ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS Subject Code 12EEM321 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Digital Control Systems: Review of difference equations and Z-transforms, Z- transfer function (Pulse transfer function), Z-Transforms analysis sampled data systems, stability analysis (Jury’s Stability Test and Bilinear Transformation), pulse transfer functions and different configurations for closed loop discrete-time control systems. Modern Control Theory : I State model for continuous time and discrete time systems, solutions of state equations (for both continuous and discrete systems), concepts of controllability and observability (for both continuous and discrete systems), pole placement by state feedback (for both continuous and discrete systems), full order and reduced order observes (for both continuous and discrete systems), dead beat control by state feedback, optimal control problems using state variable approach, state regulator and output regulator, concepts of model reference control systems, adaptive control systems and design. Non Linear Control Systems: Common nonlinearities, singular points, stability of nonlinear systems - phase plane analysis and describing function analysis, Lyapunov’s stability criterion, Popov’s criterion. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Ogata. K. “Modern Control Engineering”, PHI, 2011. 2. Ogata K “Discrete Time Control Systems”, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2011. 3. Nagarath and Gopal, “Control Systems Engineering”, New Age

International, 2012. 4. M Gopal“Modern Control System Theory”, New Age International,

2011. 5. M. Gopal, “Digital Control & State Variable Methods”, TMH, 2011.

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12EEM322 BIO-MASS ENERGY RESOURCES Subject Code 12EEM322 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction : Bio-energy, Photo-synthesis and fuel production in a nutshell. Solar Energy and Photo-Synthesis: Solar energy-down to earth, mechanisms of photo synthesis. Energy from Bio-Mass: Bio-gas generation, factors affecting bio-digestion or generation of gas, types of bio-gas plants, constructional details of some main digesters, bio-gas from plant wastes, digester design considerations, methods for maintaining bio-gas production, problems related to bio-gas plant. Bio-Energy Conversion Technology: An overview, anaerobic digestion, alcoholic fermentation, chemical reduction, gasification, pyrolysis, direct combustion. Economics of Bio-Mass Systems: General considerations, net present value, energy payback time, some conventional economic costing, costs of bio-mass fuels relative prices of biological and other fuels. Present Developments and Future Prospects: The state of the art – an over view, hydrogen and electricity via bio-photolysis – hope for the future, petrol pump plants,improving plant productivity I and II, conservation through integration – a system approach, bio-mass potential for national energy autonomy, the biological path to self-reliance.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Caye M. Drapcho, Nghiem Phu Nhuan and Terry H. Walker, “Biofels Engineering Process

Technology”, Mc Graw Hill Publication, 2008. 2. Dominik Rutz, Rainer Janseen, “Biofuel Technology Handbook”, WIP Renewable

Energies, 2007. 3. Khan B. H., “Non-Conventional Energy Resources”, Tata McGraw Hill Publication, 2nd

Edition, 2009. 4. Tiwari G. N, Ghosal M. K, “Fundamentals of Renewable Energy Resources”, Narosa

Publication, 2007.

5. Rai G. D, “Non-Conventional Energy Resources”, Khanna Publishers, 4th Edition, 2000. 6. Datye K. R, Suhas, Paranjape, Joy K. J, “Banking on Bio-Mass”, Center for Environmental

Education, 1997.

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12EEM323 PLANNING & MANAGEMENT OF DEREGULATED POWER SYSTEMS Subject Code 12EEM323 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Deregulation of the Electricity Supply Industry: Introduction, meaning of deregulation, background to deregulation and the current situation around the world, benefits from a competitive electricity market, after effects of deregulation. Power System Economic Operation Overview: Introduction, economical load dispatch, optimal power flow as a basic tool, unit commitment, formation of power pools. Power System Operation in Competitive Environment: Introduction, role of independent system operator (ISO), operational planning activities of ISO, operational planning activities of a Genco. Transmission Open Access and Pricing Issues: Introduction, power wheeling, transmission open access, cost components in transmission, pricing of power transactions, transmission open access and pricing mechanisms in various countries, developments in international transmission pricing in Europe, security management in deregulated environment, congestion management in deregulation. Ancillary Services Management: Ancillary services and management in various countries, reactive power as an ancillary service. Reliability and Deregulation: Terminology, reliability analysis, network model, reliability costs, hierarchical levels, reliability and deregulation, performance indicators.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H J Bollan, Jaap E Daalder, “Operation of

Restructured Power Systems”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001. 2. Loi Lei Lai, “Power System Restructuring and Deregulation; Trading,

Performance and Information Technology”, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, 2002.

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ELECTIVE-IV 12EEM331 SOFT COMPUTING Subject Code 12EEM331 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Learning and Soft Computing: Examples, basic tools of soft computing, basic mathematics of soft computing, learning and statistical approaches to regression and classification. Single-Layer Networks: Perceptron, adaptive linear neuron (Adaline), and the LMS algorithm. Multilayer Perceptions: Error back propagation algorithm, generalized delta rule, practical aspects of error back propagation algorithm. Radial Basis Function Networks: Ill-posed problems and the regularization technique, stabilizers and basis functions, generalized radial basis function networks. Fuzzy Logic Systems: Basics of fuzzy logic theory, mathematical similarities between neural networks and fuzzy logic models, fuzzy additive models. Support Vector Machines: Risk minimization principles and the concept of uniform convergence, VC dimension, structural risk minimization, support vector machine algorithms. Case Studies: Neural-network based adaptive control, computer graphics. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Vojislav Kecman, “Learning and Soft Computing,” Pearson Education (Asia)

Pvt. Ltd. 2004. 2. Simon Haykin, “Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation” Pearson

Education (Asia) Pvt.Ltd.,Prentice Hall of India, 2008. 3. M.T. Hagan, H.B. Demuth and M. Beale, “Neural Network Design”, Thomson

Learning, 2002. 4. Bart Kosko, “Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems” Prentice Hall of India, 2010. 5. George J. Klir and Bo Yuan, “Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and

Application”, Prentice Hall of India, 2012.

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12EEM332 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION Subject Code 12EEM332 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Atmosphere: Constituents of the atmosphere, oxides of sulphur, nitrogen, and carbon, green house effect, acid precipitation, particulate matter, flue-gas. Pollution and Reduction Systems: Desulfurization systems, electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters and bag houses, thermal pollution, natural and artificial radio activity, nuclear power and the environment, radiations from nuclear power plant effluents, high level wastes, ecological considerations, power transmission lines - right of way. Socio Economic Impacts: Of different types of power plants, policies to promote environmentally viable technologies for power generation, environmental implications of bio-mass, restructuring of power sector for environmental benefits. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. M.M.El-Wakil, “Power Plant Technology”, McGraw Hill International

Edition, 2011. 2. B.G.A.Skrotzki and W.A.Vopat, “Power Station Engineering and

Economy”, TMH, 2006. 3. B. R. Gupta, “Generation of Electrical Energy”, Eurasia publishing

house private limited, New Delhi, 2012. 4. Hand Books on Power Plant Engineering.

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12EEM333 SMART GRID

Subject Code 12EEM333 IA Marks 50 No. of Lecture Hours/Week 04 ExamHours 03 Total No. of Lecture Hours 52 Exam Marks 100

Introduction: Introduction to smart grid, electricity network, local energy networks, electric transportation, low carbon central generation, attributes of the smart grid, alternate views of a smart grid. Smart Grid to Evolve a Perfect Power System: Introduction, overview of the perfect power system configurations, device level power system, building integrated power systems, distributed power systems, fully integrated power system, nodes of innovation. DC Distribution and Smart Grid: AC Vs. DC sources, benefits of and drives of dc power delivery systems, powering equipment and appliances with DC, data centers and information technology loads, future neighborhood, potential future work and research. Intelligrid Architecture for the Smart Grid: Introduction, launching intelligrid, intelligrid today, smart grid vision based on the intelligrid architecture, barriers and enabling technologies. Dynamic Energy Systems Concept: Smart energy efficient end use devices, smart distributed energy resources, advanced whole building control systems, integrated communications architecture, energy management, role of technology in demand response, current limitations to dynamic energy management, distributed energy resources, overview of a dynamic energy management, key characteristics of smart devices, key characteristics of advanced whole building control systems, key characteristics of dynamic energy management system.

Energy Port as Part of the Smart Grid: Concept of energy -port, generic features of the energy port. Policies and Programs to Encourage End – Use Energy Efficiency: Polices and programs in action; multinational, national, state, city and corporate levels.

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Market Implementation: Framework, factors influencing customer acceptance and response, program planning, monitoring and evaluation. Efficient Electric End – Use Technology Alternatives: Existing technologies ,lighting, space conditioning, indoor air quality, domestic water heating, hyper efficient appliances, ductless residential heat pumps and air conditioners, variable refrigerant flow air conditioning, heat pump water heating, hyper efficient residential appliances, data center energy efficiency, LED street and area lighting, industrial motors and drives, equipment retrofit and replacement, process heating, cogeneration, thermal energy storage, industrial energy management programs, manufacturing process, electro -technologies, residential, commercial and industrial sectors. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Clark W Gellings, “The Smart Grid, Enabling Energy Efficiency and

Demand Side Response”, CRC Press, 2009. 2. Janaka Ekanayake, Kithsiri Liyanage,Jianzhong.Wu, Akihiko

Yokoyama, Nick Jenkins, “Smart Grid :Technology and Applications”, Wiley,2012.

3. James Momoh, “Smart Grid: Fundamentals of Design and Analysis”, Wiley, IEEE Press, 2012.