Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. Vermont Agency of Natural Resources ... · Re: Groundwater Monitoring Results – October 2015 Former Kestler’s Market Alburgh, Vermont (SMS #20043278)(Site

2113 Stony Brook Road

Northfield, VT 05663 (802) 485-9466

January 7, 2016 Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Department of Environmental Conservation Waste Management and Prevention Division 1 National Life Drive – Davis 1 Montpelier, VT 05620-37044 Re: Groundwater Monitoring Results – October 2015 Former Kestler’s Market Alburgh, Vermont (SMS #20043278)(Site or Property) Dear Mr. Noyes: This report presents the results of semi-annual groundwater monitoring conducted by Vermont HydroGeo, LLC (VHG) on October 7, 2015 at the Former Kestler’s Market, located at 286 US Route 2, Alburgh, Vermont (Site or Property) (Figure 1). The ongoing monitoring program is being implemented to track temporal variations in contaminant concentrations in the overburden aquifer and evaluate the risk posed to the downgradient bedrock drinking water well. Monitoring was completed in accordance with VHG’s work plan and cost estimated dated September 30, 2015, which you subsequently approved via email. The Petroleum Cleanup Fund (PCF) budget tracking number for this phase of work is 16159.

1.0 SITE DESCRIPTION AND PHYSICAL SETTING

The former Kestler’s Market Site is located on the west side of US Route 2 at the intersection of Center Bay Road (Figures 1 and 2). The Site is bound by US Route 2 to the east, a vacant residence to the north, and farm land to the south and west. The Property is currently owned by Mr. Harry Mashtare. There are two structures on the Property: a main building and a garage. The main building is located immediately west of US Route 2, and is divided with the former market occupying the southern half of the building, and residential space occupying the northern half of the building. The basement of the main building has an earthen floor and stone foundation. A 275-gallon, heating oil aboveground storage tank (AST) is located off the northeast corner of the main building. A single-car garage is located off the northwest corner of the main building. The Property is currently vacant.

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 2 - January 7, 2016 Drinking water for the Site was formerly provided by a dug well located within the southern portion of the Property. Neighboring properties are served by drilled bedrock wells. All properties in the vicinity of the Site have individual, on-site septic systems. The USGS topographic quadrangle map (Figure 1) shows the overall topography of the area gently sloping toward Lake Champlain’ Ransoms Bay, located about 1,500 feet east of the Site. In front of the Property, there is a local rise to the edge of the road, which is banked towards the west. South of the Site the topography gently slopes toward an ephemeral stream that flows from west to east. There is a catch basin located in the northeast portion of the Property that collects storm water from this area, and discharges it to a swale within the southeast portion of the Site via a storm drain that parallels US Route 2. The balance of storm water runoff from the Site likely flows toward the ephemeral stream to the south of the Site. The Property was formerly a local market and gas station. A single fuel dispenser was located in front of the store that was served by an underground storage tank (UST) located off the northeast corner of the main building. According to Mr. Walter Mashtare, the UST and fuel dispenser were removed circa 1984; however, the VT DEC does not have a record of these activities.

2.0 BACKGROUND

In October 2004, Phelps Engineering encountered gasoline-contaminated soil in front of the former Kestler’s Market while completing exploration soil borings for a new waterline along US Route 2. The water line has not been installed to date. The Sites Management Section (SMS) subsequently hired the environmental consulting firm Heindel & Noyes (H&N) to implement a limited site investigation to assess the likely source of contamination and possible impacts on sensitive receptors. H&N acquired site history from the Property owner, conducted a reconnaissance of the area surrounding the zone of contamination, screened the basement of the main building with a photoionization detector (PID), and sampled on-Site and neighboring water supply wells at 1, 4, 5, and 8 Center Bay Road, and 277 US Route 2. No immediate risk to human health and the environment, or contaminated water supplies were found during H&N’s limited site assessment. In 2009, the SMS received a federal EPA grant to investigate and perform limited cleanup at Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) sites where the owner is unable to do this work themselves. The SMS subsequently contracted Applied GeoSolutions, LLC (AGS) under the Site Investigation Contract to complete a supplemental site investigation (SSI) at the Property. In April 2010, AGS implemented the SSI, the results of which were documented in AGS’ report dated June 8, 2010. On-Site soils within the upper two feet below ground surface (bgs) were determined to be impacted by ethylbenzene, total xylenes, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (TMB) at concentrations above the respective residential Regional Screening Levels (RSLs), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) at concentrations above the Vermont Department of Health’s cleanup guidelines of 200 milligrams per Kilogram (mg/Kg) and 1,000 mg/Kg for residential and commercial Sites, respectively (for direct contact). Also, the shallow aquifer was determined to be impacted by select target VOCs at concentrations above the respected Vermont Groundwater Enforcement Standards (VGESs). The SSI

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 3 - January 7, 2016 reasonably characterized soil and groundwater contamination on-Site; however, the downgradient extent of the contaminant plume was not defined. As such, AGS recommended additional work to characterize the plume and better evaluate the risk to off-Site sensitive receptors, including the indoor air and drinking water supplies at 1 and 4 Center Bay Road. In June/July 2010, AGS implemented the SSI, the results of which were documented in AGS’ report dated August 25, 2010. The report concluded that a dissolved-phase plume appeared to be confined primarily within the sand unit that is present from about 6 to 9 feet bgs. It was concluded that the underlying clay had possibly limited the risk of the dissolved-phase impact to the bedrock aquifer. Mitigation/removal of the impacted soils was recommended to reduce the long-term impact to groundwater. In July/August 2011, Stone Environmental, Inc. (Stone) implemented the excavation proposal submitted to the SMS in March 2011 and removed soils from where the former underground storage tank (UST) was located as well as around the area where the suspected pump island was located. During this excavation it was discovered that contaminated soils were generated around the former UST location as well as the pipe fittings from the former pump island. Contaminated soils were removed down to approximately where soils exhibited PID readings of 100 parts per million volume/volume (ppm v/v). Monitoring wells in the area of excavation were replaced down to the clay layer at approximately 8 feet bgs. A groundwater sampling round was also completed in August; results indicated that groundwater contamination appeared to be primarily onSite, with concentrations lower than previously observed. Beginning in June 2012, a semi-annual groundwater monitoring program was implemented for the Site to track temporal variations in contaminant concentrations in the overburden aquifer and evaluate the risk posed to the downgradient bedrock drinking water well. Due to increasing concentration trends at cluster monitoring wells MW-10S and MW-10D, the monitoring frequency at off-Site monitoring wells was subsequently increased to quarterly to more closely track plume migration toward downgradient bedrock water supplies. Following the December 2013 monitoring event, the monitoring frequency was again reduced to semi-annually based on apparent decreasing contaminant concentration trends. Following the November 2014 event, the monitoring frequency was reduced to annually.

3.0 WORK COMPLETED

3.1 Groundwater Monitoring On October 7, 2015, VHG collected a synoptic round of liquid levels from all Site monitoring wells (except MW-6 and MW-7) using an electronic interface probe. VHG then collected groundwater samples from monitoring wells MW-1R, MW-3R, MW-4R, MW-8, MW-9, MW-10S, MW-10D, MW-11, and MW-12. Wells were purged and sampled in general accordance with United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Region 1 low-flow monitoring protocol. Monitoring wells were purged and sampled using a peristaltic pump, with dedicated Teflon-lined polyethylene and silicone tubing. Physical/chemical field parameters (pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and oxidation-reduction potential) were measured using a YSI multi-parameter meter and flow-through cell system.

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 4 - January 7, 2016 VHG acquired a trip blank and a duplicate sample from MW-4R for quality assurance / quality control (QA/QC) purposes. VHG also collected groundwater samples from the drilled bedrock supply well and shallow dug well located at the residence / bed & breakfast at 4 Center Bay Road. The bedrock supply well sample was collected from an interior spigot located upstream of a water treatment system. The sample from the shallow dug well was collected with a dedicated bailer and drop line. Following collection, all samples were properly preserved and placed in an ice-filled cooler for transport under chain-of-custody to Endyne, Inc., located in Williston, Vermont. The bedrock supply well was analyzed for VOCs by EPA Method 524.2. All other samples were analyzed for target petroleum VOCs via EPA Methods 8021B. Target VOCs include methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, total xylenes, 1,2,4-TMB, 1,3,5-TMB, and naphthalene.

4.0 RESULTS

4.1 Hydrogeologic Observations On October 7, 2015, depth-to-water measurements in the overburden monitoring wells ranged from 3.36 feet below the top of casing (BTOC) in monitoring well MW-2 to 7.00 feet BTOC in monitoring well MW-10D. Calculated relative groundwater elevations ranged from 90.77 feet at monitoring well MW-10D to 94.14 feet at monitoring well MW-2 (Table 4-1). Water table elevations were generally comparable to those observed during the previous sampling round in November 2014.

Table 4-1. Liquid-Level Monitoring Data: October 7, 2015

Note: BTOC= Below Top of Casing

Apparent shallow groundwater flow in the overburden aquifer was generally to the east / southeast, toward Lake Champlain, generally consistent with previous monitoring events (Figure 3). Based on

Well I.D.Top-of-Casing

Elevation (feet)

Depth-to-Water (feet BTOC)

Groundwater Elevation

(feet)

MW-1R 97.77 3.70 94.07MW-2 97.50 3.36 94.14

MW-3R 97.69 3.63 94.06MW-4R 97.22 3.54 93.68MW-5 97.02 3.65 93.37MW-8 99.27 5.70 93.57MW-9 98.66 5.24 93.42

MW-10S 97.85 4.85 93.00MW-10D 97.77 7.00 90.77MW-11 98.79 5.58 93.21MW-12 97.28 5.65 91.63

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 5 - January 7, 2016 hydraulic data from cluster monitoring wells MW-10S and MW-10D, there was a relatively strong downward vertical flow component within that portion of the overburden aquifer. 4.2 Water Quality Analytical results for VOCs from the October 2015 sampling round are included in Table 4-2 and on Figure 4. Time-series graphs for select wells are provided in Attachment A. The laboratory report for is included in Attachment B.

Table 4-2. Groundwater VOC Analytical Results: October 7, 2015

Notes: All concentrations reported in µg/L. Shaded values exceed the VGES.

In the overburden monitoring wells, detected total target VOC concentrations ranged from 1.1 micrograms per Liter (µg/L) in on-Site monitoring well MW-1R to 1,825 µg/L in on-Site monitoring well MW-4R. No target VOCs were detected in samples collected from monitoring wells MW-9, MW-10S, MW-10D, and MW-12, or the bedrock supply well and dug well at 4 Center Bay Road. Total TMBs exceeded the VGES in the groundwater samples collected from MW-4R. No other VOCs were detected at concentrations above the VGES. The duplicate sample collected from MW-4R was within acceptable levels (less than 30%). No VOCs were detected in the trip blank.

Sample

LocationMTBE Benzene Toluene

Ethyl-

benzene

Total

Xylenes

Total

TMBs

Naph-

thalene

Total

Target

VOCs

ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 1.1 ND<2.0 1.1

ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.4 ND<2.0 1.0 ND<2.0 2.4

18.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 21.5 59.7 1,708 18.1 1,825

ND<2.0 2.4 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 2.4

ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND



ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 13.1 5.5 1.8 ND<2.0 20.4


Dug Well ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND

4 Center Bay ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND<1.0 ND<0.5 ND<0.5 ND

QA / QC

TB ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND

MW-4 18.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 21.5 59.7 1,708 18.1 1,825

DUP 16.5 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 22.4 62.9 1,686 17.4 1,805

RPD 8.3 -- -- 4.2 5.4 1.3 3.9 1.1

VGES 40 5 1,000 700 10,000 350 20 --

MW-12

MW-8

MW-9

MW-10S

MW-10D

MW-11

MW-1R

MW-3R

MW-4R

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 6 - January 7, 2016 Stabilized dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0.3 milligrams per Liter (mg/L) in MW-1R to 1.5 mg/L in MW-4R (Table 4-3).

Table 4-3. Stabilized Dissolved Oxygen Readings: October 2015

Well ID DO (mg/L)

MW-1R 0.3 MW-3R 0.4 MW-4R 1.5 MW-8 0.8 MW-9 0.6

5.0 UPDATED CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL

VHG has developed the following updated conceptual site model (CSM) based on the contaminant distribution and hydrogeologic data available for the Site. A CSM is a set of working hypotheses which describe key aspects of the problem(s) at a site. As with any hypothesis, the CSM is not conclusive and may require testing to arrive at desired levels of certainty. The CSM includes discussion of Site geology/hydrogeology, how contaminants of concern were released at the Site, their transport pathways and fate mechanisms, as well as exposure routes for both ecological and human receptors based on current Site use. Two hydrogeologic cross sections (A-A’ and B-B’) are provided to help visualize the CSM (Figure 5). Geology / Hydrogeology Overburden materials within the investigated area generally consist of a couple feet of fine to coarse sand with varying amount of silt and organic matter, overlying fine sands to between six (6) to nine (9) feet bgs. The fine sand unit is a maximum of about 5.5 feet thick in the vicinity of on-Site monitoring well MW-3, and decreases to about 2-3 feet in thickness to the southeast of the Site, at off-Site monitoring wells MW-11 and MW-12. The sand is generally underlain by a thin layer (<1 foot thick) of fine sand and silty clay (with shell fragments), which overlies clay. At monitoring wells MW-10S and MW-10D, the clay is underlain by a thin layer (about 0.5-feet) of silty fine sand (Figure 5).

Bedrock was not encountered in on-Site borings to the maximum exploratory depth of 15 feet bgs, but appears to have been encountered at off-Site soil boring SB-16 (MW-10D) at a depth of about 10.3 feet bgs. According to the drinking water well logs for bedrock wells believed to be located at 1 and 4 Center Bay Road, which were obtained from the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources GIS website, bedrock was encountered at these locations between nine and 15 feet bgs. Bedrock beneath the Site is mapped as the Stony Point Formation, which is calcareous black shale that grades into argillaceous limestone. Fluid flow in the bedrock aquifer would occur through interconnected fracture networks. The depth to water table within the overburden aquifer on-Site fluctuates seasonally between about 1.5 to 5.5 feet bgs; the depth to water within the off-Site water-table monitoring wells fluctuates between about 3.5 to 7 feet bgs. The water table is generally present within the fine sand unit. Shallow groundwater flow within the overburden aquifer is generally to the east / southeast, toward Lake Champlain. A relatively strong downward vertical groundwater gradient is typically observed between cluster wells MW-10S and MW-10D.

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 7 - January 7, 2016 Contaminant Distribution / Fate and Transport Gasoline was released at the Site from a former UST system and its appurtenances. The release(s) occurred over 30 years ago (the time the UST is reported to have been removed); however, the precise timing and volume of the release(s) is unknown. Given the contaminant distribution observed during the SSI and during the soil excavation, gasoline was likely released to the subsurface in the suspected vicinity of former gasoline UST and at the location of the former fuel dispenser. In general, once released to the subsurface, petroleum hydrocarbons (e.g. gasoline) can partition into four phases: 1) vapor (i.e. soil gas), 2) aqueous (dissolved in pore water or groundwater), 3) sorbed (to soil minerals and organic matter), and 4) remain as light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL), either residual or mobile. The phase partitioning and migration of petroleum hydrocarbons, once released to the subsurface, depends on several factors, including: the volume of the release, the physical and chemical properties of the individual hydrocarbon compounds, and the physical and chemical properties of the media that the hydrocarbons were released into. At the former Kestler’s Market Site, the gasoline release initially impacted soil and groundwater at concentrations above applicable standards for select compounds, and hydrocarbons were known to be present in the vapor, sorbed, and dissolved phases. No measureable free-phase NAPL was detected in any of the Site monitoring wells; however, heavy sheening was observed in several soil borings, suggesting residual LNAPL was also present. Pre-remedial investigations determined that the dissolved VOC plume was relatively mature (e.g. depleted with respect to benzene) and extended in the direction of shallow groundwater flow to the southeast at least 120 feet downgradient of the former UST area, beneath US. Route 2 and onto the property at 4 Center Bay Road. Of the target VOCs, only total TMBs exceeded its VGES on the eastern side of US Route 2 (at MW-11). The lateral terminus of the dissolved-phase plume was not completely defined; however, it appeared that total TMB concentrations in excess of the VGES did not likely extend far beyond off-Site monitoring well MW-11. It was concluded that the dissolved VOC plume was primarily confined to the overburden aquifer, and did not appear to present a significant future risk to the existing bedrock drinking water wells in the area. Removal of impacted shallow on-Site soils was recommended to mitigate exposure pathways for human receptors and to reduce the long-term impact to groundwater. In July 2011, about 82 tons of grossly contaminated soils containing an estimated 29 pounds of gasoline mass were excavated from beneath the eastern portion of the Site; these soils were disposed off-Site. This corrective action appears to have removed all shallow soils within two feet of ground surface with contaminant concentrations in excess of the Vermont Soil Screening Levels (VSSLs), thereby significantly reducing the risk of exposure. However, petroleum-impacted soils with concentrations above select VSSLs remained at greater depths within the source area at the Site (3.5 to five feet bgs); any future Site redevelopment or intrusive activities at these depths within the eastern portion of the Site could possibly result in exposure. Post-excavation groundwater monitoring results indicate that dissolved VOC concentrations have decreased significantly in source-area monitoring wells MW-1R and MW-3R since the corrective action, and no VOCs have been detected in these wells at concentrations above the VGESs since 2012 (Graph 5-1, and Graphs 1 and 2 - Attachment A).

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 8 - January 7, 2016

Graph 5-1. Total Target VOC Concentrations Over Time in Source-Area Monitoring Wells

However, at on-Site monitoring well MW-4R, although an overall decreasing trend in VOC concentrations appears evident (Graph 5-1), the concentrations fluctuate widely between monitoring rounds, and total TMB concentrations exceeded the VGES during the last two consecutive monitoring events (Graph 5-2 and Graph 3 - Attachment A). At off-Site monitoring well MW-11, total TMB concentrations also vary greatly between monitoring events, and there is no apparent correlation between water-table elevations and contaminant concentrations (Graph 5-2 and Graph 8 - Attachment A).

Graph 5-2. Total TMB Concentrations Over Time in Monitoring Wells MW-4R and MW-11

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MW‐11 Water Table MW‐4R Water Table

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 9 - January 7, 2016 During the post-remedial monitoring event in June 2012, target VOCs were detected for the first time in off-Site monitoring wells MW-8, MW-9, MW-10S, MW-10D, and MW-12, with VGES exceedances for several compounds. The benzene concentrations present in MW-8 and MW-9 during this event were substantially higher than those detected within the on-Site source area prior to corrective action. VOC concentrations at MW-9 have since decreased significantly during the subsequent monitoring events, and were non-detect during the last three monitoring events (Graph 5-3, and Graph 5 - Attachment A). VOC concentrations at MW-8 have also decreased significantly since June 2012, and the benzene concentration was below the VGES during the most recent event (Graph 5-3, and Graph 4 - Attachment A). At downgradient, deeply-screened monitoring well MW-10D, VOC concentrations were exhibiting an increasing trend through April 2013 with VGES exceedances for total TMBs and naphthalene, suggesting that the VOC plume was advancing in this portion of the deep overburden aquifer (Graph 5-3, and Graph 7, Attachment A). However, VOC concentrations decreased considerably during the subsequent monitoring events with no VGES exceedances, and no VOCs were detected during the last two events. VOC concentrations in the shallow cluster well MW-10S previously increased to levels comparable to those detected in source-area monitoring wells MW-1 and MW-3 prior to active source-area remediation, but decreased an order of magnitude during the August 2013 monitoring event, and no compounds exceeded the VGES during the last four monitoring events (Graph 5-3, and Graph 8, Attachment A). The recent decrease in VOC concentrations in MW-10S and MW-10D suggest the plume is now shrinking in this portion of the aquifer.

Graph 5-3. Total Target VOC Concentrations in OffSite Downgradient Monitoring Wells

The unused, dug water supply well at 4 Center Bay Road appears to be a suitable downgradient sentinel well as it is located hydraulically downgradient of the plume and upgradient of the drilled

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Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 10 - January 7, 2016 bedrock supply well, and extends vertically through the deep overburden aquifer. To date, no VOCs have been detected in this well or the drilled bedrock supply well.

6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Given the results of the most recent groundwater sampling event and previous Site work, VHG has drawn the following conclusions:

During the October 2015 monitoring event, total TMBs were detected above the VGES in on-Site monitoring well MW-4R, located near the eastern property boundary. No VOCs were detected at concentrations above the VGES in any of the other on-Site or off-Site monitoring wells. Overall decreasing trends appear evident at MW-4R, but contaminant concentrations have fluctuated widely between monitoring events.

The contaminant plume extends off-Site to the east beneath US Route 2. However, total TMBs and naphthalene concentrations in cluster monitoring wells MW-10S and MW-10D, located about 120 feet downgradient of the former UST area, have decreased significantly during the last several monitoring events and were non-detect during the October 2015 event, suggesting that the contaminant plume is now receding in this portion of the downgradient aquifer. Total TMBs in off-Site monitoring well MW-11 decreased below the VGES during the most recent event; however, the stability of the plume near MW-11 is not as clear, as contaminant concentrations have historically varied greatly between monitoring events, with no apparent correlation to water-table elevations.

To date, no VOCs have been detected in the unused dug water supply well or the drilled bedrock well at 4 Center Bay Road. The existing well network appears sufficient for monitoring the status of the groundwater plume and risk to sensitive receptors.

Based on the above conclusions, VHG recommends the following:

Groundwater monitoring should continue at the Site on an annual basis to track contaminant concentrations in the overburden aquifer and evaluate the risk posed to the downgradient drilled bedrock drinking water well. The next event should occur in fall 2016, and should include monitoring wells MW-1R, MW-3R, MW-4R, MW-8, MW-9, MW-10S, MW-10D, MW-11, and MW-12, in addition to the drilled and shallow dug water supply wells at 4 Center Bay Road. Monitoring wells MW-2, MW-5, MW-6, and MW-7 should continue to be eliminated from the monitoring program for the time being, however, a water level should be recorded from MW-2 and MW-5 to assist in evaluating groundwater flow direction.

****************************************************************************************************************

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. - 11 - January 7, 2016 Please do not hesitate to contact me at (802) 485-9466 if you have any questions. Yours truly, Vermont HydroGeo, LLC Eric J. Swiech, P.G. Principal Hydrogeologist Attachments cc: Mr. Harry Mashtare

FIGURES

Copyright (C) 1997, Maptech, Inc.

Name: ROUSES POINTDate: 3/13/2010Scale: 1 inch equals 2000 feet

Location: 044° 56' 50.72" N 073° 16' 12.58" W NAD 27Caption: Figure 1. Site Location Map

SITESITE

Magnetic Declination

16° W

SCALE 1:24000

0 1 MILES

0 1000 YARDS

0 1 KILOMETER

ATTACHMENT A

Graph 1. Monitoring Well MW-1VOC Concentrations in Groundwater Over Time

Former Kestler's MarketAlburgh Center, Vermont

Date Total VOCs MTBE Benzene TolueneEthyl

benzeneXylenes

Total TMBs

Naph-thalene

Ground-water

Elevation

4/15/2010 18,680 41 17 1,140 2,290 12,060 2,776 356 95.306/30/2010 17,170 ND<10 ND<10 660 1,700 12,700 1,810 300 94.288/9/2011 8,672 51 22 305 1,030 4,950 2,109 205 90.896/7/2012 669 ND<2.0 1.8 7.2 100 320 226 14 94.30

11/18/2012 1.8 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<4.0 1.8 ND<2.0 93.724/30/2013 104.1 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 14.0 64.1 26.0 ND<2.0 95.1512/6/2013 ND ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 95.056/4/2014 3.4 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.2 ND<2.0 2.2 ND<2.0 96.04

11/14/2014 1.2 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 1.2 ND<2.0 94.1310/7/2015 1.1 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 1.1 ND<2.0 94.07

VGES --- 40 5 1,000 700 10,000 350 20 ----

Notes: Results reported in micrograms per liter (µg/L)ND- None detected at indicated detection limit.VGES - Vermont Groundwater Enforcement StandardsMTBE - Methyl tert-butyl etherTotal TMBs = Trimethylbenzenes (1,2,4 trimethylbenzene and 1,3,5 trimethylbenzene)Shaded areas denote VGES exceedance.

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Benzene Total VOCs Naph-thalene Ground-water Elevation

Vermont HydroGeo, LLC




benzeneXylenes

Total TMBs

Naph-thalene

Ground-water

Elevation

4/15/2010 11,963 ND<1.0 59 587 1,380 7,330 2,267 340 95.166/30/2010 8,973 ND<10 33 250 1,000 6,100 1,280 310 94.188/9/2011 1,592 17 ND<5.0 18 288 807 430 33 91.056/7/2012 581 ND<2.0 1.3 2.7 76.0 283 167 51.0 93.81

11/18/2012 1.4 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<4.0 1.4 ND<2.0 93.834/30/2013 20.9 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 3.5 9.4 8.0 ND<2.0 95.1412/6/2013 4.7 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.4 ND<2.0 3.3 ND<2.0 95.036/4/2014 14.9 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 4.1 ND<2.0 10.8 ND<2.0 95.99

11/14/2014 3.1 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.1 ND<2.0 2.0 ND<2.0 94.1110/7/2015 2.4 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.4 ND<2.0 1.0 ND<2.0 94.06

VGES --- 40 5 1,000 700 10,000 350 20 ----


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Ground-water

Elevation

4/15/2010 4,134 ND<1.0 2.7 22 54 1,328 2,507 220 95.036/30/2010 3,061 ND<10 ND<10 ND<10 31 890 1,910 230 94.218/9/2011 371 ND<4.0 ND<2.0 2.8 4.6 59.9 299 5.0 91.936/7/2012 642 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 4.4 34.5 586 17.0 94.45

11/18/2012 1,832 ND<20.0 ND<10.0 ND<2.0 14.3 65.6 1,752 ND<20.0 94.674/30/2013 396 ND<10.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 11.0 385 ND<10.0 94.7812/6/2013 175 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 1.3 5.1 168.6 ND<2.0 95.176/4/2014 306 ND<10.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 ND<10.0 306.3 ND<10.0 95.63

11/14/2014 2,374 ND<100 ND<50.0 ND<50.0 ND<50.0 ND<100 2,374 ND<100 93.9810/7/2015 1,825 18.0 ND<5.0 ND<5.0 21.5 59.7 1,708 18.1 93.68

VGES --- 40 5 1,000 700 10,000 350 20 ----


86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

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Date





Date MTBE TolueneEthyl

benzeneXylenes

Total TMBs

Ground-water

Elevation

6/30/2010 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 93.658/9/2011 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 2.0 92.296/7/2012 4,578 ND<2.0 540 35.0 1,000 2,326 437 240 94.23

11/18/2012 1,847 12.5 307 41.2 728 391 256 111 94.322/15/2013 41 3.1 25.4 1.2 2.1 4.0 5.0 ND< 2.0 93.624/30/2013 105 9.6 22.8 3.3 41.9 9.1 18.2 ND< 2.0 94.4308/30/13 121 2.7 13.6 2.1 38.7 42.8 16.7 4.5 92.3112/06/13 2,695 ND<20.0 167 35.8 632 1,300 465 95.4 94.2206/04/14 1.4 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 1.4 ND< 2.0 95.1211/14/14 173 ND<2.0 24.5 6.8 69.1 65.2 7.3 ND< 2.0 93.6210/07/15 2.4 ND<2.0 2.4 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 93.57

VGES 40 1,000 700 10,000 350 ----


Total VOCs

---

Benzene

5

Naph-thalene

20

86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

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Date






benzeneXylenes

Total TMBs

Ground-water

Elevation

6/30/2010 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 93.538/9/2011 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 92.086/7/2012 4,492 ND<2.0 870 24.0 710 1,708 910 270 94.07

11/18/2012 74 21.8 37.4 6.4 2.0 3.4 3.2 ND< 2.0 94.142/15/2013 144 9.5 114 4.1 1.8 4.1 2.9 7.6 93.444/30/2013 76 6.1 60 3.3 2.2 4.5 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 94.2608/30/13 9.7 ND<2.0 2.2 ND<1.0 1.9 4.1 1.5 ND< 2.0 92.0612/06/13 19.3 14.6 ND< 1.0 1.6 2.1 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 94.0606/04/14 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 95.0011/14/14 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 93.5010/07/15 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 93.42

VGES 40 1,000 700 10,000 350 ----


Total VOCs BenzeneNaph-thalene

--- 5 20

86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

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Date



Graph 6. Monitoring Well MW-10SVOC Concentrations in Groundwater Over Time



benzeneXylenes

Ground-water

Elevation

6/30/2010 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND< 2.0 93.136/7/2012 1,276 ND<2.0 5 3.9 190 317 701 59 93.50

11/18/2012 7,678 ND<2.0 ND< 10.0 ND<10.0 822 3,930 2,611 315 93.702/15/2013 15,365 ND<200 ND< 100 ND<100 1,900 8,800 4,274 391 92.974/30/2013 1,713 ND<200 ND< 100 ND<100 200 535 827 151 93.7512/6/2013 4.6 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 1.4 ND<2.0 3.2 ND< 2.0 93.776/4/2014 10.8 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 1.5 2.5 ND<2.0 3.3 3.5 94.47

11/14/2014 1.1 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 1.1 ND< 2.0 93.2310/7/2015 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND< 2.0 93.00

VGES 40 1,000 700 10,000 ----



--- 5 20

Total TMBs

350

86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

100,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

Gro

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µg

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Date

Total TMBs Total VOCs Naph-thalene Ground-water Elevation


Graph 7. Monitoring Well MW-10DVOC Concentrations in Groundwater Over Time



benzeneXylenes

Total TMBs

Ground-water

Elevation

6/30/2010 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 91.876/7/2012 103 ND<2.0 1.8 0.7 48 16 34 2.8 92.47

11/18/2012 1,004 ND<20.0 ND< 10.0 ND<10.0 182 434 338 49.8 92.584/30/2013 2,971 ND<20.0 ND< 10.0 ND<10.0 513 1,420 925 113 92.298/30/2013 94 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 12 39 35 8.3 88.8612/6/2013 18 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 1.6 3.4 13.2 ND< 2.0 92.416/4/2014 110 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 1.4 69.0 6.8 26.6 6.5 93.25

11/14/2014 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 91.2410/7/2015 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 2.0 90.77

VGES 40 1,000 700 10,000 350 ----



--- 5 20

86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

Gro

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µg

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Date






benzeneXylenes

Naph-thalene

Ground-water

Elevation

6/30/2010 2,274 ND<1.0 1.4 2.4 300 1,338 622 10 93.458/9/2011 28 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 8.0 7.4 11 ND<2.0 91.896/7/2012 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND< 2.0 ND<2.0 ND<2.0 ND<6.0 ND< 1.0 ND<2.0 93.80

11/18/2012 ND< 2.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<2.0 94.004/30/2013 1,047 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 1.5 262 541 229 11.7 94.0412/6/2013 451 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 105 254 87 3.7 93.976/4/2014 4.0 ND<1.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 ND<1.0 ND<2.0 3.0 ND<2.0 94.67

11/14/2014 1,254 ND<10.0 ND< 5.0 ND<5.0 156 570 528 ND<2.0 93.4310/7/2015 20.4 ND<2.0 ND< 1.0 ND<1.0 13.1 5.5 1.8 ND<2.0 93.21

VGES 40 1,000 700 10,000 20 ----


Benzene Total TMBs

5 350

Total VOCs

---

86

88

90

92

94

96

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

12/30/2009 12/30/2010 12/31/2011 12/30/2012 12/30/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/30/2016

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Benzene Total VOCs Total TMBs Ground-water Elevation


Laboratory Report

Kestler'sPROJECT:

DATE RECEIVED:

WORK ORDER:

DATE REPORTED:

100905Vermont HydroGeo

2113 Stony Brook Rd

Northfield, VT 05663

Atten: Eric Swiech SAMPLER:

October 22, 2015

1510-22123

Eric

October 09, 2015

Reviewed by:

Harry B. Locker, Ph.D.

Laboratory Director

Enclosed please find the results of the analyses performed for the samples referenced on the attached chain of custody. All required method quality control elements including instrument calibration were performed in accordance with method requirements and determined to be acceptable unless otherwise noted.

The column labeled Lab/Tech in the accompanying report denotes the laboratory facility where the testing was performed and the technician who conducted the assay. A "W" designates the Williston, VT lab under NELAC certification ELAP 11263; "R" designates the Lebanon, NH facility under certification NH 2037 and “N” the Plattsburgh, NY lab under certification ELAP 11892. “Sub” indicates the testing was performed by a subcontracted laboratory. The accreditation status of the subcontracted lab is referenced in the corresponding NELAC and Qual fields.

The NELAC column also denotes the accreditation status of each laboratory for each reported parameter. “A” indicates the referenced laboratory is NELAC accredited for the parameter reported. “N” indicates the laboratory is not accredited. “U” indicates that NELAC does not offer accreditation for that parameter in that specific matrix. Test results denoted with an “A” meet all National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program requirements except where denoted by pertinent data qualifiers. Test results are representative of the samples as they were received at the laboratory

Endyne, Inc. warrants, to the best of its knowledge and belief, the accuracy of the analytical

test results contained in this report, but makes no other warranty, expressed or implied, especially no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

160 James Brown Dr., Williston, VT 05495

Ph 802-879-4333 Fax 802-879-7103 ELAP 11263

www.endynelabs.com

NH203756 Etna Road, Lebanon, NH 03766

Ph 603-678-4891 Fax 603-678-4893

Laboratory Report

Vermont HydroGeo

Page 2 of 5

CLIENT:PROJECT: Kestler's

WORK ORDER:DATE RECEIVED:

1510-2212310/09/2015

10/22/2015REPORT DATE:

001 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: MW-1 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:13:08

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter

TEST METHOD: EPA 8021B

< 2.0 NMethyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) ug/L < 1.0 NBenzene ug/L

< 1.0 NToluene ug/L < 1.0 NEthylbenzene ug/L

< 2.0 NXylenes, Total ug/L < 1.0 N1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene ug/L

1.1 N1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ug/L < 2.0 NNaphthalene ug/L

106 NSurr. 1 (Bromobenzene) % 0 NUnidentified Peaks


QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter



< 1.0 NToluene ug/L 1.4 NEthylbenzene ug/L





QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter


18.0 NMethyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) ug/L < 5.0 NBenzene ug/L


59.7 NXylenes, Total ug/L 318 N1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene ug/L

1,390 N1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ug/L 18.1 NNaphthalene ug/L

87 NSurr. 1 (Bromobenzene) % > 10 NUnidentified Peaks


QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter


< 2.0 NMethyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) ug/L 2.4 NBenzene ug/L



< 1.0 N1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ug/L < 2.0 NNaphthalene ug/L



QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter







Laboratory Report

Vermont HydroGeo

Page 3 of 5



1510-2212310/09/2015


006 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: MW-10S 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:14:56

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter







007 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: MW-10D 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:14:15

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter








QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter




5.5 NXylenes, Total ug/L < 1.0 N1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene ug/L




QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter







010 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: Dug Well 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:15:35

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter







Laboratory Report

Vermont HydroGeo

Page 4 of 5



1510-2212310/09/2015


011 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: Duplicate 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter


16.5 NMethyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) ug/L < 5.0 NBenzene ug/L


62.9 NXylenes, Total ug/L 336 N1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene ug/L

1,350 N1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ug/L 17.4 NNaphthalene ug/L


012 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: Trip Blank 10/20/15 MHMWAnalysis Date:13:00

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter







Laboratory Report

Vermont HydroGeo

Page 5 of 5



1510-2212310/09/2015


013 Date Sampled: 10/7/15Site: WS 10/13/15 SJMWAnalysis Date:15:25

QualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

ParameterQualNelac

Result

UnitResult

Result

Parameter

TEST METHOD: EPA 524.2

< 0.5 ADichlorodifluoromethane ug/L < 0.5 AChloromethane ug/L

< 0.5 AVinyl chloride ug/L < 0.5 ABromomethane ug/L

< 0.5 AChloroethane ug/L < 0.5 ATrichlorofluoromethane ug/L

< 0.5 A1,1-Dichloroethene ug/L < 0.5 AMethylene chloride ug/L

< 0.5 AMethyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) ug/L < 0.5 Atrans-1,2-Dichloroethene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,1-Dichloroethane ug/L < 0.5 A2,2-Dichloropropane ug/L

< 0.5 Acis-1,2-Dichloroethene ug/L < 0.5 ABromochloromethane ug/L

< 0.5 AChloroform ug/L < 0.5 A1,1,1-Trichloroethane ug/L

< 0.5 ACarbon tetrachloride ug/L < 0.5 A1,1-Dichloropropene ug/L

< 0.5 ABenzene ug/L < 0.5 A1,2-Dichloroethane ug/L

< 0.5 ATrichloroethene ug/L < 0.5 A1,2-Dichloropropane ug/L

< 0.5 ADibromomethane ug/L < 0.5 ABromodichloromethane ug/L

< 0.5 Acis-1,3-Dichloropropene ug/L < 0.5 AToluene ug/L

< 0.5 Atrans-1,3-Dichloropropene ug/L < 0.5 A1,1,2-Trichloroethane ug/L

< 0.5 ATetrachloroethene ug/L < 0.5 A1,3-Dichloropropane ug/L

< 0.5 ADibromochloromethane ug/L < 0.5 AChlorobenzene ug/L

< 0.5 AEthylbenzene ug/L < 0.5 A1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane ug/L

< 1.0 AXylenes, Total ug/L < 0.5 AStyrene ug/L

< 0.5 ABromoform ug/L < 0.5 AIsopropylbenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane ug/L < 0.5 ABromobenzene ug/L

< 0.5 An-Propylbenzene ug/L < 0.5 A1,2,3-Trichloropropane ug/L

< 0.5 A2-Chlorotoluene ug/L < 0.5 A1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A4-Chlorotoluene ug/L < 0.5 At-Butylbenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ug/L < 0.5 As-Butylbenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A4-Isopropyltoluene ug/L < 0.5 A1,3-Dichlorobenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,4-Dichlorobenzene ug/L < 0.5 An-Butylbenzene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,2-Dichlorobenzene ug/L < 0.5 A1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene ug/L

< 0.5 AHexachlorobutadiene ug/L < 0.5 ANaphthalene ug/L

< 0.5 A1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene ug/L 102 ASurr. 1 (4-Bromofluorobenzene) %

101 ASurr. 2 (1,2-Dichlorobenzene d4) %

ATTACHMENT B

Documents

Mr. Gerold Noyes, P.E. Vermont Agency of Natural Resources ... · Re: Groundwater Monitoring Results – October 2015 Former Kestler’s Market Alburgh, Vermont (SMS #20043278)(Site