Mountain and Volcano Quiz

Prep

•SOME STUDY IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED

BY THE MANAGEMENT

What Type of Volcano?

•Cinder Cone

•What are cinder cones made of?

•Loose bubbly light weight chunks of rocks

•Rubble

•Why are cinder cones not steeper?

•Cinder Cones have moderately sloping sides because loose rubble doesn’t stack well.

What Type of Volcano?

Shield

•Why are shield volcanoes not steeper?

• The lava shield volcanoes are made of is very thin and travels long distances before it hardens.

What Type of Volcano?

Composite

•Why are composite volcanoes named composite?

They are composed of many different types of layers

•What is the tallest type of mountain on Earth?

• A shield Volcano named Mona Loa in the Hawaiian Islands.

•Which type of volcano is most likely to blow up?

•Composite

•Why do Composite volcanoes tend to blow up?

• They are very weak because many of their layers are nothing but ash or cinder. When too much pressure builds up, they blow their layers apart.

•Which type of volcano makes a lot of noise and fireworks, but isn’t too likely to explode?

•Cinder Cone

•What caused the Hawaiian Islands to form?

•Hot spots

•Why are there so many islands?

• The Earth’s crust is moving, but the hot spot is not. Consequently, new volcanoes form over the hot spot after the old ones move away.

•What type of volcano is found at Yellowstone?

•A Supervolcano

•Why did they have a hard time locating the Yellowstone Volcano?

•It is so big that you have to be in space to see the whole caldera.

•Where can we find some composite volcanoes in the USA?

• Along the Pacific coast in Washington and Oregon.

•What caused these coastal volcanoes to form?

• The Cascade range was formed by a subduction zone where the oceanic plate is sliding under the continental plate.

•What are island arc volcanoes caused by?

•Island arc volcanoes are caused by the convergence of 2 oceanic plates

•What does ISOSTASY refer to?

• The balance of the weight of a mountain against the buoyancy of its base which is submerged in the Earth’s mantle

•The Appalachian Mountains are what type of mountains?

•Folded Mountains

•Where are the Appalachian Mountains?

• They run from Georgia to Maine parallel to the Atlantic Coast

•What caused the Appalachian Mountains to form?

• They formed by continental/continental convergence when North America crashed into Africa.

• Why does Oceanic/Continental convergence usually only volcanoes while Continental/Continental convergence causes a few volcanoes AND folded mountains?

• Because oceanic crust forms a continuous subduction zone and almost no collision while continental collisions only form a limited subduction zone, as they make a great big crash

•What causes peaks and valleys in folded mountains?

• The softer layers of uplifted rock wear away quicker than the harder layers

What is an uplifted mountain?

• A mountain that was formed by being pushed upward by currents in the Earth’s mantle.

•Where can you find uplifted mountains?

•The closest ones are the Adirondacks in New York State.

• Why are the Adirondack mountains not in long chains like the Appalachian mountains?

• The Adirondacks were uplifted while the long folds of the Appalachians were caused by a collision of the whole coast of the continent.

•What causes a fault block mountain?

• Fault block mountains are caused by a continental plate that is trying to split apart. The mantle pushes it up and spreads it. As the 2 sides pull apart, huge blocks of rock drop along the fault lines, leaving mountains on one side of the fault.

•Where in the US can we find fault block mountains?

•The Grand Tetons in Wyoming