Moscow State University - Amazon Web Services · • PhD Student at Lomonosov Moscow State University ... (APK)’ A2T’’ App’Package’ Converter. 6 ... ART’ App’TPK

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Android on Tizen Moscow State University

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Andrey Shitov •  PhD Student at Lomonosov Moscow State

University (MSU), Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics

•  Compilers, Virtual Machines, System

Programming, Mobile OS

Presenter

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•  Open Information Technologies Lab at MSU •  Android 7.0 Nougat and Tizen 2.4 •  Tizen Z3 as target device

The main ideas: •  Run Android applications on Tizen •  Use Android 3rd party frameworks (OpenSource &

Commercial) from Tizen native applications

Android to Tizen (A2T) Project

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ANDROID APPLICATIONS ON TIZEN Android to Tizen

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Launch existing Android applications on Tizen

Concept

Android 7.0 Nougat Run1me

Android-‐ready Tizen Device

Android Applica1on Tizen Package (TPK)

ART + Deploy&Run

APP

Android Applica1on Package (APK)

A2T App Package Converter

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•  35+ Android applications from Google Play can be run on Tizen •  Examples: Calculator, “Wish – Shopping Made Fun”, UIL Demo

Achievements

Wish App Tizen App that uses Android 3rd party framework

Calculator

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1.  Port Android Runtime to Tizen

2.  Initialize Android Runtime at Tizen startup

3.  Support Android UX on Tizen

Steps to Run Android Application on Tizen

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libhybris

Android Runtime on Tizen

Ported android na1ve libraries

Tizen glibc libbionic

Custom dynamic loader

ART

Load libraries through JNI

Load libraries

Direct linking

Custom dynamic loader Provides ability to load libraries at specified addresses (ART requirement)

New

Android

Legend:

Tizen

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libhybris

Android Runtime on Tizen

Android bionic world Tizen glibc world

Prebuilt android na1ve libraries

Ported android na1ve libraries

Tizen glibc libbionic

Custom dynamic loader

System hooks

ART

Load libraries through JNI

Load libraries

Load libraries

Dynamic linking

Direct linking

Redirected linking

System hooks provide EABI compatibility layer: calls from pre-built native libraries are redirected to Tizen glibc world via special hooks

New

Android

Legend:

Tizen

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Android Initialization

Init process -‐  … -‐  Start na1ve daemons

Na1ve daemons -‐  …. -‐  app_process –X

Zygote

Zygote (daemon) -‐  Register Zygote socket -‐  Preload all Java classes -‐  Preload resources -‐  Start System Server -‐  Open socket -‐  Listen for connec1ons

Android Run1me -‐  Start a VM -‐  Call Zygote’s main()

Launcher -‐  Init itself -‐  Register onClick() handlers

System Server (service) For each service: -‐  Init service -‐  Reg. w/Service Manager Incl.start Ac1vity Manager

Ac1vity Manager (service) -‐  Init itself -‐  Send intent.CATEGORY_HOME

Android home screen (launcher)

Kernel -‐  … -‐  Start “init” process

Bootloader -‐  … -‐  Jump to kernel

CPU

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Android Initialization on Tizen


A2T init (na1ve daemon) -‐  …. -‐  app_process –X Zygote


Android Run1me -‐  Start a VM -‐  Call Zygote’s main()

A2T App Starter Sends intent to start ac1vity only

System Server (service) Provides par1al func1onality by only necessary services

Tizen home screen



CPU

New

Changed

Legend:

Ac1vity Manager (service) -‐  Init itself

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Android Application Startup


Na1ve daemons -‐  …. -‐  app_process –X

Zygote


Android Run1me -‐  Start a VM -‐  Call Zygote’s

main()

Launcher -‐  Init itself -‐  Register onClick() handlers

System Server (service) For each service: -‐  Init service -‐  Reg. w/Service Manager Incl.start Ac1vity Manager

New App New App New App

Click

Android home screen

(launcher)



CPU

Ac1vity Manager (service) -‐  Init itself -‐  Send intent.CATEGORY_HOME

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Android Application Startup on Tizen


A2T init (na1ve daemon) -‐  …. -‐  app_process –X Zygote


Android Run1me -‐  Start a VM -‐  Call Zygote’s

main()

A2T App Starter Sends intent to start ac1vity only

System Server (service) Provides par1al func1onality by only necessary services

New App New App New Android App process

Click

Tizen home screen



CPU

New

Changed

Legend:

Ac1vity Manager (service) -‐  Init itself

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First Android Application on Tizen

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Android GUI on Tizen

Android App WM

libgui.so (SurfaceFlinger client)

SurfaceFlinger

Android OpenGL

EGL GLES

Vend

or GL

Binder

HWUI SKIA

Canvas Render Script

Android Display stack Android display stack is based on: •  SurfaceFlinger – Android “display and

window manager” •  Vendor GL – vendor implementation of

OpenGL library

Tizen display stack is based on: •  EFL – enlightenment foundation library

EGL is an interface between OpenGL ES and the underlying native platform window system

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Android UX/UI Integration Approach

Android App WM


SurfaceFlinger

Android OpenGL

EGL GLES

Android App WM

HWUI SKIA

Canvas


Render Script

Android OpenGL

EGL GLES

Original Android Display stack Android Display stack on Tizen

Vend

or GL

Binder

HWUI SKIA

Canvas Render Script

Enlightenment EFL EvasGL

Tizen compa1bility layer

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This demo shows simple Android Calculator Technical Specs •  Device: Tizen Z3 SM-Z300H with Tizen 2.4

•  Original Android application: Simple Calculator

•  ART version: Android 7.0 (Nougat)

•  Launch time: 1.17s (Tizen 1GHz CPU) 0.42s (Android 2.5GHz CPU)

•  Performance: similar to Android


Literally the same

Tizen Z3 Nexus 6P

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Wish - Shopping Made Fun Application •  Android application from Google Play TOP 10 •  Mobile application for popular shopping mall in Europe and North America •  Successfully works on Tizen without any changes

Technical specs: •  Device: Tizen Z3 SM-Z300H with Tizen 2.4


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Wish - Shopping Made Fun Application

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Requirements for Wish Application 1.  Virtual keyboard

•  A separate app on top of main window •  Own input events processing (undocumented)

2.  Network •  Based on native system daemons (netd - WiFi and rild –

Mobile Internet), which are missed in Tizen.

3.  HW Buttons

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Android Java services on Tizen

ART (Android Java RT)

Android bionic (libc)

Android na1ve frameworks (libs)

Android Java services UI/UX

Media

Camera

Network

Loca1on

Tizen system level

Enlightenment

Camera API

Network API

Loca1on API

Android components Tizen components

Other services Other Tizen API

Tizen bridge

Bion

ic

integra1

on

•  Map Java services to Tizen API •  Implement custom dynamic loader

to provide EABI compatibility

New

Android

Legend:

Tizen

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3rd PARTY FRAMEWORKS Android to Tizen

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Use Java from Native: High-Level concept

.OAT files C/C++

Wrappers

Android Run1me

Tizen Pla`orm

Tizen na1ve applica1on 3rd party

frameworks .DEX/JAR/CLASS

ART compila1on

Na1ve func1ons invoca1ons

•  Companies mostly provide interfaces to their services via Java frameworks –  online banking

–  multimedia, maths

–  etc.

•  Tizen developers lack such frameworks

•  Obviously companies don’t want to spend resources on Tizen support

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Wrappers for Java Frameworks

Tizen Na1ve applica1on

Core library wrappers

Android library wrappers Proxy for 3rd

party FWK Proxy for 3rd party FWK

Wrappers for 3rd party FWKs

Java core classes Android classes 3rd party Android

FWK

3rd party Android FWK

3rd party Android FWK

JNI

C++

Java

Android RT ini1aliza1on

C++

Java

Na1ve invoca1ons

•  We developed a tool that generates C++ wrappers to Java frameworks (FWK) –  Execution of Java code is done by Android Runtime

•  Tizen developers can use proprietary Java frameworks within Tizen native applications

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3rd Party Android Framework Usage •  Java code (UIL):

•  Native (UIL): using namespace a2t::com::nostra13::universalimageloader::core; …

a2t::Ref<a2t::android::content::Context> ctx = a2tInit::appContext.get();

a2t::Ref<imageloaderconfiguration::Builder> builder = new imageloaderconfiguration::Builder(ctx);

…

builder-‐>threadPriority(3);

import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoaderConfiguration; …

Context ctx = getApplicationContext();

…

ImageLoaderConfiguration.Builder builder = new ImageLoaderConfiguration.Builder(ctx);

builder.threadPriority(3);

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•  Demonstrates usage of Java 3rd party framework from native Tizen Application •  Uses Universal Image Loader 3rd party Android framework

Technical specs: •  Device: Tizen Z3 SM-Z300H with Tizen 2.4


UIL Demo Application

Main screen Grid view

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UIL Demo Application

Android Java app Tizen native app

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AFTERWORD Android to Tizen

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This technology provides two major opportunities: •  Launch existing Android application on Tizen quickly •  Reuse extended functionality of 3rd party Android frameworks by C++ Tizen

Application

Conclusion

Android App on Tizen


Tizen Device

Android FWK on Tizen


Tizen Device

Tizen Na1ve App TPK ART ART

Android 3rd party FWK

App

FWK Android APK

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Documents

Moscow State University - Amazon Web Services · • PhD Student at Lomonosov Moscow State University ... (APK)’ A2T’’ App’Package’ Converter. 6 ... ART’ App’TPK