Module 4Module 4

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RocketryPart 1: History & Uses

Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh

What We Will LearnWhat We Will Learn

Rev 1, 17 Nov 2003 Steven Esh

• A history of rockets

• Types and uses of rockets

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Ancient TimesAncient Times

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• Around 300 BC

Archytas makes a “flying pigeon”

•100 BC

Hero (of Alexandria) builds the aeolipile which used heat and water

Around 100 AD Around 100 AD

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The Chinese develop “fire arrows” using black gunpowder

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100 AD + 100 AD +

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1232 AD1232 AD

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Chinese use rockets against the Mongols at Kai-fung-fu

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1804 - 18601804 - 1860

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Congreve Rockets

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The War of 1812The War of 1812

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“…and the rockets’ red glare…”

1821 +1821 +

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By 1870By 1870

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Rockets carried rescue lines to stranded ships

19141914

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Robert Goddard, “father of American rocketry”, launches a solid-fuel rocket

19261926

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Goddard flies a Liquid-fueled rocket.

In Germany, experimenters begin to develop his ideas

1943 - 19451943 - 1945

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World-War II

Germany launches V2 rockets at targets in France and England.

• 46 feet long

• Alcohol & liquid oxygen

• 1650 pound warhead

• altitude up to 300,000 feet

• velocities to 3500 mph

1953 –1960’s1953 –1960’s

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Redstone Rocket

• Developed from German V2 rocket

• First flight in 1953

• Operational in 1958

• First rocket of U.S. space program

1957 - 19781957 - 1978Atlas Missile

•10 feet diameter x 75 feet long•360,000 pounds thrust•16,000 – 17,500 mph•6300 mile range•1st ICBM

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Atlas Silo 1960’sAtlas Silo 1960’s

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Soviet MissilesSoviet Missiles

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Standard MissileStandard Missile

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1970’s to today

USN surface-air & ship-ship

Range to 200 miles

SidewinderSidewinder

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Air-Air missile

Heat-seeking passive guidance

First used in Vietnam, still used today

Air-Air LaunchAir-Air Launch

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Sparrow: semi-active guidance

Arianne RocketArianne Rocket

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ESA

European Space Agency

Ariane is a commercial rocket

Ariane 1: 1979

Ariane 5: 1997

ME-263ME-2631945: German fighter, 620 mph

X-15X-151959 – 1968

4,520 mph 354,200 feet

ErcoupeErcoupe

The Ercoupe: 1941 – 1967

JATOJATO

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Jet Assisted Take-Off1929

Junkers-33 seaplane took off with aid of attached rockets

1941

Rockets mounted to Ercoupe shorten takeoff

JATO TodayJATO Today

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C-130 with 8 JATO rockets

The future?The future?

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The ion engine - for space flight

Model Rockets Model Rockets (1)(1)

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You build and fly them yourself !

Model Rockets Model Rockets (2)(2)

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They come in many sizes,

From small…

Model Rockets Model Rockets (3)(3)

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Model Rockets Model Rockets (4)(4)

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… to large

Model Rockets Model Rockets (5)(5)

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And in-between !

Model Rockets Model Rockets (6)(6)

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They come in all shapes, too !

Model Rockets Model Rockets (7)(7)

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Even small ones can go 1000 feet high …

and return to earth from parachutes to be used again.

Model Rockets Model Rockets (8)(8)

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Prepare for launch !

Model Rockets Model Rockets (9)(9)

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And watch them fly !

Model Rockets Model Rockets (10)(10)

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We will be doing our rocketry program soon

Model Rockets Model Rockets (11)(11)

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Come blast off with the NCS rocket program

Next week:

• Learn about rocket design

• Learn how rockets fly

• Try an experiment or two