Modern_Western_World_1_12_11

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Reformation (continued)

The Society of Jesus 1540

Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556)

Salvation came through good deeds and purity

Ignatius = lawyer

ignatius is given the job of getting rid of corruption in the catholic church

their second job is to convert people back from catholicism

vows of poverty/charity are center of the repairs for the corruption of the

catholic church

The Inquisition (started in Spain in the 1490's) decided that the Jews needed

to become Catholic.

Targeted the Conversos (converted jews) because they believed they were

only Catholic outside of their homes. Had to be accused by someone. Asked

you questions and if you answered correctly they let you go, if you didnt

answer how they wanted you to, tortured more. Many people were burned at

the stake during the inquisition.

In this same period the Lutherans in Germany killed many catholics.

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Wars of Religion

Terms:

•Treaty/Peace of Augsburg

•Phillip II (Spain)

•80 Years War (1568-1648)

•French Wars of Religion

•Henry IV (France)



•Defenestration of Prague

•30 Years War

•Peace of Westphalia

Treaty/Peace of Augsburg (1555) "cuius regio, eius religio"

The ruler of the region/country would be the decider for that region's religion.

King of bavaria is catholic --> bavaria is catholic.

Phillip II (1527-1598, r. 1554-1598)

wanted all non-catholics to be swept off the earth

80 Years' War (1568-1648)

Netherlands largely converted to catholicism and Phillip II resented that

noncatholics in this region were making money

The dutch attack spain by sea.

Dutch wont give up calvinism. in 1648 the dutch and belgium are separated

to different regions and then spain had to leave them alone.

The Spanish Armada (1588)

French Wars of Religion (1562-1589)

Massacre at Vassy- March 1, 1562

Large chunck of French nobility became Huguenots (Calvinists)

Hugnts. attack catholics at Vassy

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre - October 24, 1572

Catholics attack Protestants of Paris

Henry IV (1553-1610, r. 1589-1610) "Paris is worth a mass." Reconverts to

catholicism and says that its worth being catholic to keep paris in order. Edictof Anates protestants have rights and proclaims peace between the fighting

religions.

Defenestration of Prague (May 23, 1618)

Bohemia was protestant and king dies without an heir. Next in line for throne

is a catholic and the protestant ministers panic and believe they are going to



lose their power so they throw him out of a window and thusly starts a war

which lasts 30 years and destroys the population of the germanic states.

Battle of White Mountain (November 8, 1620)

Roman emperor bribes king of saxxony to switch sides. Catholics appear to

be winning and protestants are going to lose their territory and then the

Danish enter the war and they are protestant. They attack and turn the tide

of war again.

Sweeden enters the war (military powerhouse of the time period) and it looks

really bad for the catholics

Gustavus Adolphus (1595-1632, r. 1611-1632) sweeps through germanic

states and pushes everyone out of the area and catholics look like they are

going to win until he dies in 1632.

Treaty/Peace of Westphalia (1648) establishes the organization of europe for150 years.

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