Models - 1

WasteWaste

Influence of selective collections

COMPOSTING

Case study: composting Domestic Waste

Models - 2

Summary

Available data and simulation objective phase model

Simulation of selective collections Influence on the composition of residual waste

Simulation of Bio Reactor BRS Influence of selective collections on the composition of fermented waste

Models - 3

Method

Collection of data on the operation of the existing process

Data reconciliationMaterial Flow Analysis

Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet

Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet

Calibration of thesimulation models

Simulation of the operation based on scenarii (hypothesis on feed, equipment)

Objective:Flowsheet optimization

Objective:Flowsheet optimization

Simulator of actual situationSimulator of actual situation

Design of additionalequipment

Design of additionalequipment

Models - 4

Composting plant

Iron

BalisticsCompost

Losses

Bales

< 150 mm

> 150 mmDW

Composting plant

Bio Reactor

> 18 mm

< 18 mm

Overband

Press

Balisticseparator

SelectiveCollections

Compoststandard

Models - 5

Available data and objective > 20 mm : MODECOM categories on dry matter

1 - Putrescibles, 2 - Papers, 3 - Cardboards, 4 - Complexes, 5 -Textiles, 6 - Sanitary textiles, 7 - Plastics, 8 - Combustibles, 9 -Glass, 10 - Metals, 11 - Incombustibles, 12 - Special waste

< 20 mm : analysis of inerts MONS (Non Synthetic Organic Matter) + Plastic Films + Other plastics + Metals + Glass-Stones-Limestone (‘ Minerals ’) + Wasted Mineral Matter < 2 mm (‘ Reste ’)= 100%

NB : The standard NF Compost Urbain for compost quality is based on inerts analysis

Models - 6

Modelling the matter

Available data Marque NFCompost quality

Flowrate

Size distribution

MODECOM Categories > 100 mm100-20 mm< 20 mm

Inerts Analysis> 100 mm100-20 mm< 20 mm

Heavy Metals per MODECOM categories

Heavy Metals per category of inerts

Models - 7

Phase model3 criterion

Particle size Composition :

MODECOM + Description inerts analysis

User defined sub-populations 1 : Heavy metals per MODECOM category

Hierarchy types Component garde per size Sub-pop. 1 per component

Chemical reactions Transformation matrix MODECOM Description inerts analysis

Models - 8

Composition of Domestic waste

% Putresc. Papiers Cartons Complex. Textiles Text. San. Films Plast. Combust. Verre Métaux. Incomb. Spéciaux> 100 mm 51.94 4.07 35.71 14.29 2.55 1.14 2.22 9.89 10.90 5.29 3.65 8.83 0.04 1.4220-100 mm 32.74 8.58 11.57 3.40 1.61 1.19 3.12 3.97 13.93 6.41 29.15 4.83 9.46 2.78

< 20 mm 15.32

% MONS Films Plastiques Métaux Minéral Reste Somme> 100mm 51.94 100

20-100 mm 32.74 100< 20mm 15.32 54.38 0.10 1.60 1.00 33.12 9.80 100

Models - 9

Metals in categories

Cadmium Chrome Cuivre Mercure Nickel Plomb Zincppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Putrescibles 0.20 56.00 37.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 57.00Papiers 0.06 43.45 43.79 0.03 8.83 5.74 28.17Cartons 0.92 43.82 40.81 0.10 0.00 4.72 105.67Complexes 0.09 48.96 48.89 0.05 0.00 0.00 24.62Textiles 0.20 76.00 63.00 0.00 11.00 18.00 171.00Textiles sanitaires 0.27 65.26 10.33 0.04 0.00 12.62 677.82Films 0.20 42.00 101.00 0.00 14.00 37.00 116.00Autres plastiques 1.14 26.16 1470.50 0.00 6.18 187.78 131.89Combustibles non classés 3.97 621.10 25.98 0.09 0.00 35.31 183.83Verre 0.24 535.61 9.37 0.00 11.25 66.00 29.25Métaux ttx 0.01 408.06 149.89 0.00 143.15 51.07 54.04Incombustibles non classés 0.20 55.00 23.00 0.00 13.00 193.00 37.00Déchets spéciaux 0.40 269.08 201.33 0.05 99.68 111.29 22605.14

Models - 10

MAX. EFFICIENCY(%)

Papers - magazines 97.10Cardboards 67.40Complex 30.90Plastic Bottles 68.80Glass Packages 87.50Metallic Packages 41.50Special wastes 75.00

Source : Données ADEME

Selective Collections

Models - 11

% NSOM Films Plastics Metals Minerals> 100 mm 2.00186 50.17 29.1267 53.1495 0.161012100-20 mm 5.8554 34.38 57.001 40.1341 40.0511< 20 mm 92.1427 15.44 13.8724 6.71638 59.7879

BRS : Bio Reacteur Stabilisateur

Loss in organic matter: 19.95 %

No losses in heavy metals

Size reduction

Reactor Output

Models - 12

Principal operations in BRS

Losses

Conversion MODECOM/Inerts

Bio reactor product

Domestic waste

Composting plant - BRS

1

3

5

1

2

4

5

7

A representation of unit

operations during

composting

Calibration of level 0

models with coherent data

Reactions

Separator

Mill

Models - 13

Conversion

Models - 14

Composting

Models - 15

Mill

Models - 16

Selective Collections

Models - 17

Without SelectiveCollection

With SelectiveCollection

Other standardCERAFEL

Flowrate 91.27 46.96 -Cd 0.52 0.63 1Cr 161.40 140.30 100Cu 207.30 141.50 100Hg 0.03 0.03 1Ni 17.28 15.77 50Pb 48.19 42.51 100Zn 487.80 297.90 300

Without Selective Collection

With SelectiveCollection

Flowrate 91.27 46.96MONS 38.41 35.80Films 4.91 9.54Plast. 15.40 14.64Metals 7.86 8.55Minerals 24.16 21.51Reste 9.26 9.97

Product composition

Models - 18

Conclusion

Level 0 models allow to reach the objective of simulation

But, simulation results should be compared to reality to estimate their precision (non predictive simulation)

If validated models of level 1, 2 or 3 have been used, results should have been more reliable