Model Engineering Design Documentation Package · Model Engineering Design Documentation Package September 2009 Table of Contents 1. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) 2. Flow Diagram of Car

Model

Engineering Design Documentation Package

September 2009

Table of Contents

1. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) 2. Flow Diagram of Car 3. Design Basis for Maximum Operating Pressure 4. Design basis for estimating relieving mass flow rate 5. Equipment Specifications

i) Vessel sheet metal ii) Relief device iii) Regulator iv) Stainless steel ball valves v) Stainless steel piping vi) Gast pneumatic motor

6. Pressure certification of vessel 7. Test Data 8. Car experimentation area floor plan 9. Management system for vehicle modifications 10. Pictures of Vehicle, as it would appear on starting line 11. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

i) Glacial Acetic Acid ii) Sodium Bicarbonate iii) Sodium Acetate iv) Carbon Dioxide

Acknowledgement: The University of Utah student team and faculty advisor Kevin Whitty are thanked for submitting much of the material for this model engineering design package.

Please contact Daniel A. Crowl at Michigan Tech University for any questions or comments on this engineering package. Email: [email protected], Phone: 906-487-3221.

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 1

Job Safety Assessment Form Chem-E-Car

2009 National Competition – Updated August 2009 University: University of Utah ChemE Car Vehicle Name: Louise JSA Author Contact Name: Derek Harris Author Email: [email protected] Faculty Supervisor: Kevin Whitty Supervisor Email: [email protected] Revision #: 2 Revision Date: August 7, 2009 Purpose of Experiment / Equipment: Briefly describe your Chem-E-Car’s design, intended mode for operation (source of power), intended mode for control (stopping), and major hazards and their control.

Describe your car’s design: Glacial acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate react in a pressure vessel built out of stainless steel. The reaction is: NaHCO3 + CH3COOH = NaCH3COO + CO2 + H2O. The resulting pressurized CO2 is fed through a pressure regulator to limit the driving pressure. A pressure relief valve on the pressure vessel is set to open at 10% higher than the maximum anticipated operating pressure. The CO2 gas flows through high pressure tubing to a pneumatic motor, which drives a chain-and-sprocket gearing system, which ultimately drives the rear axle and wheels of the car. The reaction is slightly endothermic.

Power source: Pressure generated by production of CO2 resulting from a chemical reaction of glacial acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate. Byproducts are water, carbon dioxide and solid precipitate. Carbon dioxide is the source of power for the car.

Stopping mechanism: The car will stop when the reaction is exhausted. We will vary the amount of the limiting reactant (acetic acid) to control the distance the car travels.

Hazards inherent in design: Glacial acetic acid has toxic exposure hazards. The gas generated is stored in a pressure vessel resulting in pressure hazards.

Safety measures: The pressure vessel will be hydrostatically tested according to the procedure in the rules. The vessel will be equipped with a pressure gauge and a relief device. The relief will be sized appropriately. All components exposed to pressure will be rated for the pressures expected. Management controls will be used to insure that the reactants are charged in the proper quantities. Appropriate PPE will used for car prep and chemical loading ( long pants, long sleeves, non-porous shoes, safety glasses, splash goggles, chemical gloves, and an apron). Chemical loading will be done in the chemical prep area. Proper chemical containment will be used in the prep area.

Expected Operating Conditions:

Temperature Pressure Normal: 68oF Normal: 225 psig Minimum: 60oF Minimum: 15 psig Maximum: 80oF Maximum: 280 psig

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 2

This page applies to your home institution – not the competition site. Please attach a floor diagram of the laboratory where you will be building and testing your vehicle. List the location of available safety equipment and spill response supplies on this diagram. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) : Check all PPE worn during operation of this Chem-E-Car. Do not list these in the procedure section.

Long Pants Safety Glasses Hard Hat Apron Long Sleeves Splash Goggles Insulated Gloves Ear Protection Non-porous Shoes Face Shield Chemical Gloves Other:

Available Safety Equipment – Provide the location of each item shown below at your home institution where your vehicle will be operated and tested. Show the location of this equipment on your provided floor plan. If not available, type “NA” in the field.

Item Location Fire Extinguisher: Outside MEB (Merrill Engineering Bldg.) 3520C/By Southwest doors Eyewash: Outside MEB 3520C Safety Shower: Outside MEB 3520C Telephone: Outside MEB 3520D First Aid Kit: Outside MEB 3520H, South side Spill Containment Outside MEB A, Northwest corner Other: Spill Response Supplies - Provide the location of each item shown below at your home institution where your vehicle will be operated and tested. Show the location of this equipment on the attached floor plan. If not available, type “NA” in the field.

Item Location Spill Kit: Outside MEB 3520C Floor-Dri: Near MEB 3520 aka the equipment, instruments and tools room Spill Dikes: Outside MEB 3520C Sodium Bicarbonate: In bases cabinet MEB 3520a Drain Plugs: Spill Pillows: Outside MEB 3520C Mercury Spill Kit: Outside MEB 3520C Other: Other:

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 3

Disallowed Activities: All activities listed below are not allowed and will result in a multi-year disqualification of your university from ChemE car competition and possible fines. Item (a) No transport of chemicals in private, university or rental vehicles either to or from the competition. (b) Chemicals must not be stored in hotel rooms or other facilities not rated for chemical storage. Approved chemical storage will be provided at the host site.(c) No vehicle testing in hotel or dorm hallways, warehouses, or other facilities that are not designed for chemical handling. This includes your university and the competition site.(d) No improper disposal of chemicals at the conclusion of the competition. All chemicals shipped to the competition site must be disposed of in a safe and environmental fashion following all local, state and national regulatory measures. Chemical disposal will normally be provided by the host site. Disallowed Vehicles: All of the items listed below are not allowed.

Item Explanation (a) Flames and/or smoke Both inside and outside the vehicle, except for commercial

internal combustion engines. See ChemE car rules for using commercial internal combustion engines.

(b) Liquid Discharge Liquid may not be discharged under normal operating conditions.

(c) Open and/or improperly secured containers

Containing chemicals having an NFPA rating of 2 or greater. All containers with these chemicals must have secure lids and must be secured to the vehicle. All containers brought to the starting line must have lids, be properly labeled, and proper personal protective equipment must be used.

(d) Chemical pouring at starting line

Any chemicals with an NFPA rating of 2 or greater. Use a holding vessel on vehicle, with valve, to load starting chemicals.

(e) Regulated Chemicals A number of chemicals are listed by OSHA as a special hazard. See list below. OSHA has a special regulation for each chemical. See www.osha.gov for details.

(f) Highly Reactive / Unstable Chemicals

Any chemical, raw material, intermediate or product with an NFPA reactivity / instability rating of 4.

(g) Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of greater than 30% are not allowed.

Regulated chemicals: asbestos, coal tar pitch volatiles, 4-nitrobiphenyl, alpha-napthylamine, methyl chloromethyl ether, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, bis-chloromethyl ether, beta-naphthylamine, benzidine, 4-aminodiphenyl, ethyleneimine, beta-propiolactone, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 4-dimethylaminoazo-benezene, n-nitrosodimethylamine, vinyl chloride, inorganic arsenic, benzene, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, 4,4'-Methylenedianiline, 1,3-butadiene, methylene chloride.

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 4

Vehicle Primary Hazards Checklist: Check the left hand column box if the hazards listed below exist on the vehicle. Then check the applicable means of control for each hazard.

Hazard (check if present)

Control

(a) Pressure Anything greater than 1 psig? Must meet all requirements below: Pressure gauge (must read to 2x max. operating pressure) Emergency relief device set to no more than 1.1 times max. operating

pressure. Relief sizing calculations must be provided. Emergency relief device in proper location. Pressure certification – see Pressure Vessel Testing Protocol Proper management system to prevent over or mis-charging. All car components exposed to pressure must be certified to operate at

that pressure. Provide manufacturer’s pressure specifications. No PVC, cPVC or polyethylene terephthalate (PETE or PET) plastics

in pressure service Must have measurements or calculations to prove maximum operating pressure. See ChemE car rules for more details on these requirements.

(b) Toxic Any chemicals with an NFPA toxicity of 2 or greater? Doubly contained and handled properly.

(c) Flammable Any chemicals with an NFPA flammability rating of 2 or higher? Doubly contained and handled properly

(d) Reactive Any chemicals with an NFPA instability / reactivity rating of 2 or 3? Chemicals with a 4 rating are not allowed.

Doubly contained and handled properly. (e) Temperature Any exposed surface greater than 150 deg. F or under 32 deg F?

Insulation or barrier to prevent contact. (f) Electrical Exposed wiring and electrically energized components are ignition,

electrocution, and a shorting / fire hazard. Alligator clips and twisted wire connections are not allowed – use binding posts or banana plugs for a more secure connection.

Proper electrical insulation and connections provided. (g) Mechanical Any fast moving parts (meshing gears, belts or chains) that are pinch

hazards? Guards present and adequate.

(h) Oxygen

All components exposed to oxygen must be certified for oxygen service. thoroughly cleaned of contaminants as per instructions in rules. not used previously for other types of service.

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 5

Fabrication & Operation Additional Hazard Detail Check List: Check all hazards that are likely to be encountered during your Chem.-Car construction and operation. List the major source(s) of the hazard and describe how the hazard(s) will be controlled. If both construction and hazard columns are checked in an individual row, then the hazards should be identified separately for both the construction and operation.

Hazard Present During Control Method(s)1 PPE Required1 Construction? Operation?

Pressure 1. Pressure testing of pressure vessel 2. Pressure gauge reading 2 x max.

pressure 3. All components rated for max. P 4. Relief device sized appropriately

and in proper location.

Toxicity All chemical containers will be properly labeled. Proper PPE will be used for all chemical transfers. Chemical mixing and transfers will be done with a tray to provide spill containment. Spills will be cleaned up using proper PPE and absorbant materials.

Safety goggles, long sleeve shirt, lab coat, pants, impervious shoes, nitrile gloves.

Flammability Glacial acetic acid is flammable. All transfers involving glacial acetic acid will be done at a temperature below the flash point temp. of 104 F.

Reactivity / Instability The glacial acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate are very reactive. Both chemicals will be stored separately. All transfer and mixing containers will be properly cleaned prior to re-use.

Safety goggles, long sleeve shirt, lab coat, pants, impervious shoes, nitrile gloves

Hot Surfaces/ High Temp > 150 F

Cold Surfaces/ Low Temp < 0 C

Ver 2, August 6, 2009 6

Electrical Arc welding Gas welding Lathe Milling machine Handheld power tools Use safety glasses for all power tools,

review operating procedure prior to use. Avoid electrocution hazards due to water and exposed electrical.

Safety glasses

Drill press Other mechanical hazards

Pinch points due to gears from turbine. These will be protected by plastic sheeting.

Paint spraying Ionizing radiation Laser radiation Asphyxiates Carbon dioxide. Operate car only in

ventilated area.

Open flames Potential Spills Neutralize with sodium bicarbonate.

Dilute with water. Contain using spill pillows in spill control kit.

Face shield, long sleeve shirt, lab coat, pants, impervious shoes, nitrile gloves

Other: Other:

7

Chemical Information Page Fill in as much data below as available. If data are not available, leave the field blank.

Chemical Quantities: List below the chemical names, concentrations, and total quantity of chemical required for the competition.

Chemical Name

Chemical State Solid, Liquid, Gas

Concentration Required Be sure to list units!

Total Quantity Required for Competition Be sure to list the units!

Glacial acetic acid Liquid 99% by weight 1000 ml Sodium bicarbonate Solid 99% by weight 1000 gm Chemical Properties and Hazards for ALL CHEMICALS, including reactants, intermediates and products.

Chemical Name

Physical State

S, L, G

NFPA Ratings*

Incompatible Chemicals List chemicals present within the laboratory, and

any others that may come in contact.

Flash Point Temp.

Flammability Limits

H F S Sp. LFL UFL Glacial acetic acid L 2 2 2 Sodium bicarbonate 104 F 4% 16% Sodium bicarbonate S 0 0 0 Glacial acetic acid N/A N/A N/A Sodium acetate S 1 1 0 1125 F N/A N/A Carbon dioxide G 1 0 0 N/A N/A N/A Water L 0 0 0 N/A N/A N/A *NFPA Ratings: H – Health, F – Flammability, S – Stability, Sp. – Special

8

Chemical Toxicology, Regulation and Disposal: List the same chemicals that appear above, in the same order.

Chemical Name Toxicology Hazardous

Waste Number

OSHA Regulated?

Personal Protective Equipment

Specific to this Chemical TWA PEL Other

Glacial acetic acid 10 ppm 10 ppm P058 Use nitrile gloves, latex gloves are not suitable. Sodium bicarbonate 15

mg/m**3 5

mg/m**3

Sodium acetate 15 mg/m**3

5 mg/m**3

Carbon dioxide 5000 ppm Water Chemical Reactions: Provide details below on any chemical reaction(s) that occur in your process. Please show the species involved, the stoichiometry and the heat of reaction, if available. Also list side reactions and any other reactions that may impact safety. Glacial Acetic Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate ----> Sodium Acetate + Water + Carbon Dioxide CH3COOH + NaHCO3 ----> NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2 Reaction is slightly endothermic. Molecular weights: Glacial acetic acid: 60.05, Sodium bicarbonate: 84.01, Sodium acetate: 136.08, Carbon dioxide: 44

9

Job Safety Assessment Form Safe Operating Procedures Page

Provide step-by-step details for each of the sections shown below. Identify the hazards, the control methods and the personal protective equipment (PPE) required. Provide adequate detail so that the reviewers of this document will have adequate understanding of your procedure to pass judgment on the safety of your vehicle. The Emergency Shutdown section should have only one or two steps required to stop your vehicle and bring it to a safe state. The Start-Up Procedure section should list all the steps required to prepare your chemicals and vehicle. The Run Time Procedure should describe all steps to operate your vehicle at the starting line of the competition. The Shutdown Procedure should describe the steps normally taken to shutdown your vehicle at the end of your competitive run. The Cleanup / Waste Disposal section should list all the steps required to clean your vehicle of all chemicals and proper chemical disposal.

Sequence of Steps

Potential Hazards

Procedure to Control Hazard

PPE or Equipment Required

Emergency Shutdown Open ball valve V1 slowly to relieve pressure in car. Leave valve V1 open.

1. Carbon dioxide gas is a potential asphyxiation hazard.

2. Glacial acetic acid liquid may also discharge presenting a toxic hazard.

1. Stay clear of discharge. Insure adequate ventilation in area.

2. Wear PPE during all stages of operation of the vehicle.

Safety goggles, long sleeve shirt, pants, lab coat, nitrile gloves.

Start-up Procedure 1. Weigh out designated mass of sodium

bicarbonate in a beaker using the scale. 2. Measure designated volume of glacial acetic

acid using a graduated cylinder. Leave in graduated cylinder.

3. Measure out in graduated cylinder required water based on sodium bicarbonate solubility. Add 20% extra to insure all dissolved.

4. Open 1” plug in pressure vessel.

1. Over charge of sodium bicarbonate.

2. Overcharge of glacial acetic acid.

3. Spill hazard 4. Pressure hazard.

1. Weigh using beaker with red line indicating max. quantity.

2. Use graduated cylinder with red max. quantity line.

3. Use spill tray 4. Check pressure gauge. Open plug

slowly. Make sure valves V2 and V3

Safety goggles, long sleeve shirt, pants, lab coat, nitrile gloves

10

5. Carefully pour sodium bicarbonate powder

thru hole. 6. Close 1” hole in PV1 with 1”plug. Tighten

fully. 7. Close valve V3 to insure that liquid does not

enter regulator. 8. Close valve V2. 9. Pour the glacial acetic acid thru valve V1. 10. Leave valve V1 open until vehicle is ready to

go at starting line. This will insure that no pressure builds up in PV2.

11. Check pressure gauge – it should read 0 psig or very low. Vehicle is now ready to transport to starting line.

5. Spill hazard. 6. Leak hazard.

7. None 8. None 9. Spill hazard or

reaction hazard 10. None

11. Pressure or leak hazard.

are open. 5. Use spill tray below vessel. 6. Fully tighten plug. Insure that threads

are not cross threaded. 7. None 8. None 9. Use spill tray. Insure that valve V2 is

closed. Insure that vehicle is upright. 10. None

11. If pressure builds or leak occurs, invoke emergency shutdown procedure.

Run Time Procedure 1. Position vehicle carefully at starting line.

2. Check pressure gauge to insure that there is no

pressure in vessel PV1. 3. Quickly close valve V1 and open valve V2.

This allows the glacial acetic acid to flow into the lower vessel and react with the sodium bicarbonate solution.

4. Open valve V3 to release gas to pneumatic motor to start car moving.

1. Pressure hazard 2. Pressure hazard when

V2 opened. 3. High pressure and

possible discharge from relief system

4. Carbon dioxide gas

leak

1. Observe pressure gauge at all times to insure.

2. Check pressure gauge. Do not run if pressure present.

3. Watch pressure gauge as pressure builds. Make sure pressure does not exceed pressure expected. If it does, invoke emergency shutdown procedure.

4. If gas leaks, invoke emergency

procedure.


Shutdown Procedure 1. At completion of run gas pressure should be

very low. Check pressure gauge to observe pressure.

1. None

1. None


11

2. Move car back to prep area. 3. Open relief and/or valve V3 slowly to release

residual gas pressure.

2. Gas leak or liquid discharge.

3. Carbon dioxide gas discharge and possible liquid discharge.

2. Invoke emergency response procedure if leak occurs.

3. Discharge gas in well ventilated area. Open valves only with tray containment below vessel.

Cleanup / Waste Disposal Note: Sodium bicarbonate is in excess for all runs. Glacial acetic acid should be entirely consumed in reaction. 1. Check pressure gauge to insure no pressure in

car. 2. Check status of valves V1 and V2 – both

should be open. 3. Open 1” drain plug in reaction vessel and pour

liquid into a labeled container. 4. Add tap water thru valve V1 to rinse vehicle

internals. Pour rinse into same container as step 1. Continue to rinse until vessel cleaned.

5. Test liquid with pH test strip. Adjust pH by adding either glacial acetic acid or sodium bicarbonate until pH is netural.

6. Pour residue down since with substantial dilution water.

1. None 2. None

3. Gas or liquid

discharge. 4. Water spillage.

Spillage of waste liquid.

5. Potential skin contact with waste liquid.

6. Potential skin contact

with waste liquid.

1. None 2. None

3. Use spill tray below vehicle.

4. Use spill tray below vehicle.

5. Use PPE specified. 6. Use specified PPE.


2. Flow Diagram of Car

3. Design Basis for Maximum Operating Pressure

The spreadsheet on the next page calculates the pressure expected in the vehicle based on differing amounts of glacial acetic acid. The calculation assumes the reaction occurs stoichiometrically. It also assumes complete reaction and accounts for the liquid volume of the water product. The attached figure shows the pressure as a function of glacial acetic acid in ml. As expected, it is very close to a straight line – the volume occupied by the water volume does not have much of an effect. The pressure required depends on the performance of the Gast pneumatic motor. Specifications are provided in Section 5 of this report. We will regulate the pressure down to 20 psi, which is the lowest pressure that the motor will operate at. It is clear that this motor will produce a lot more torque than we need, even at the low pressures. At 20 psi the motor will operate at a speed from 1000 rpm and higher – we will need to provide a lot of gear reduction to the drive wheels. We will provide gear reduction adequate for the car to complete the maximum 100 ft course in 20 seconds. Assuming we operate at 20 psi and 1000 rpm, the air requirement is 5 cfm from the Gast motor spec. From the attached spreadsheet we will select a target gas volume of about 2 cubic feet, which will give us an operating time of about 24 seconds – more than enough time to complete the max. 100 ft course. The 2 cubic feet gas volume will require a pressure of about 290 psi. This will be our maximum operating pressure.

4. Design Basis for Estimating Relieving Mass Flow Rate The maximum operating pressure for the vehicle will be 290 psi. We will select a spring operated relief with a set pressure of 300 psig, which is below the 1.1 times the maximum operating pressure requirement. We could only find a spring operated relief that will operate at 350 psig. However, it is adjustable. We will adjust it an test with pressure to operate at 300 psig. The specifications for the relief device are shown in Section 5. We do not know the actual reaction rate. Our experience mixing these materials in an open beaker in the lab shows that the reaction takes seconds to complete. If the reaction occurs in 10 seconds and produces 2 cubic feet of gas (at the maximum operating pressure) then the gas evolution rate is

3 3(2 ft )(60 secs/min)/(10 secs) = 12 ft / min From the figure at the bottom of the specifications for the relief device (see Section 5), for a discharge rate of 12 scfm and a 300 psi set point, the maximum pressure will be about 320 psi. However, the pressure will never get that high. The pressure will be limited by the amount of reactant we place in the vessel. We will use a number of management control systems to insure that the vehicle is charged with the proper amount of reactants. This will include:

1. A minimum 2 person confirmation of the calculated quantities of material charged. 2. A red line will be place on the graduated cylinder to denote the maximum possible

amount of liquid glacial acetic acid that can be added. 3. The mass of sodium bicarbonate powder weighed will be confirmed by at least two

people. The weighing will be done in a beaker with a red mark indicating the maximum amount to charge.

4. Once the sodium bicarbonate is charged to vessel PV1, a red tag will be place on the outside of this vessel indicating that it has been charged.

5. Once the liquid glacial acetic acid has been added to vessel PV2, a red tag will be placed on the outside of this vessel indicating that it has been charged.

5. Equipment Specifications

i. Vessel sheet metal ii. Relief device iii. Regulator iv. Stainless steel ball valve v. Stainless steel piping vi. Gast pneumatic motor

Macsteel VRN STAINLESS STEEL PLATE, SHEET & COILSX304/304L Technical Data

SX304/304L Technical Data

SummarySX 304 is the most versatile and the most widely used of all stainless steels. Its chemical composition,mechanical properties, weldability and corrosion/oxidation resistance provide the best all-roundperformance stainless steel at relatively low cost. It also has excellent low temperature properties andresponds well to hardening by cold working. If intergranular corrosion in the heat affected zone mayoccur, it is suggested that SX 304L be used.

Typical ApplicationsSX 304 is used in all industrial, commercial and domestic fields because of its good corrosion and heatresisting properties. Some applications include:

Tanks and containers for a large variety of liquids and solids.

Process equipment in the mining, chemical, cryogenic, food, dairy and pharmaceutical industries.

Chemical Composition (ASTM A240)

SX oC Mn P S Si Cr Ni

304 304L

0.08 max 0.03 max

2.0 max

0.045 max

0.030 max

1.0 max

18.0 to 20.0

8.0 to 10.50 8.0 - 12.0

Typical Properties in the Annealed ConditionThe properties quoted in this publication are typical of mill production and unless indicated should notbe regarded as guaranteed minimum values for specification purposes.

1. Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature

304 304L

Typical Minimum Typical Minimum

Tensile Strength, MPa 600 515 590 485

Proof Strength, (Offset 0.2 %), MPa 310 205 310 170

Elongation (Percent in 50mm) 60 40 60 40

Hardness (Brinell) 170 - 170 -

Endurance (fatigue) limit, MPa 240 - 240 -

2. Properties at elevated temperatures All these values refer to 304 only.304L values are not given because its strength decreases markedly above 425oC. Time Elevated Temperature Tensile Strength

HOME VALUE ADDEDSERVICES

BRANCH NETWORK PRODUCT INFO ENQUIRY FORM INTERACTIVECALCULATIONS

Temperature, oC 600 700 800 900 1000

Tensile Strength, MPa 380 270 170 90 50

Creep data Stress for a creep rate of 1% in 10 000 h.

Temperature, oC 550 600 650 700 800

Stress, MPa 120 80 50 30 10

Maximum Recommended Service Temperature(Oxidising Conditions)

Continuous Service 925oCIntermittent Service 850oC

3. Properties at Sub-Zero Temperatures (SX304/304L)

Temperature oC -78 -161 -196

Tensile Strength MPa 1100/950 1450/1200 1600/1350

Proof Stress (Offset 0.2%) MPa 300/180 380/220 400/220

Impact Strength (Charpy V-Notch) J 180/175 160/160 155/150

4. Corrosion Resistance

AqueousAs a rough guide the following examples are given for certain pure acid-water mixtures-

Temperature oC 20 80

Concentration, % by mass 10 20 40 60 80 100 10 20 40 60 80 100

Sulphuric Acid 2 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 2 2 2

Nitric Acid 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2

Phosphoric Acid 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 2

Formic Acid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 0

Key: 0 = resistant - corrosion rate less than 100 mm/year 1 = partly resistant - corrosion rate 100m to 1000 mm/year 2 = non resistant - corrosion rate more than 1000 mm/year 4.2 AtmosphericThe performance of SX 304 compared with other metals in various environments is shown in thefollowing table. The corrosion rates are based on a 10 year exposure.

EnvironmentCorrosion Rate (mm/year)

SX 304 Aluminium-3S Mild Steel

Rural 0.0025 0.025 5.8

Marine 0.0076 0.432 34.0

Marine Industrial 0.0076 0.686 46.2

Thermal Processing

Annealing. Heat from 1010oC to 1120oC and cool rapidly in air or water. The best corrosionresistance is obtained when the final annealing is above 1070oC and cooling is rapid.

Stress relieving. SX304L can be stress relieved at 450-600oC for one hour with little danger of sensitisation. A lower stress relieving temperature of 400oC maximum must be used.

Hot working Initial forging and pressing: 1150 to 1260oC Finishing temperature: 900 to 925oC

All hotworking operations should be followed by annealing.

Note: Soaking times to ensure uniformity of temperature are longer for stainless steels than for carbonsteels - approximately 12 times.

Cold WorkingSX 304 / 304L being extremely tough and ductile, are readily fabricated by old working. Typicaloperations include bending, forming, deep drawing and upsetting.

15.01

SST

15

www.aircom.netCADPDF Order example:

R364-02AS

R10-S

Gauges: see chapter for measuring devices

*1 at 8 bar supply pressure, 6 bar outlet pressure and 1 bar pressure drop *2 02 = 0…2.5 bar, 04 = 0…4 bar, 10 = 0…10 bar, 16 = 0…16 bar, 25 = 0…25 bar

NPT connection thread R . . -0 . . . N free of grease and oil specially cleaned R3.4-0 . . . L stainless steel spring cage including stainless steel adjusting screw, total height 60 mm R354-02 . . fibreglass spring cage max. 80 °C / 176 °F R364-02 . . X57

Accessories, enclosed

pressure gauge Ø 40 mm, 0 … *2 bar, G1/4 for R364 MS4002-. .*2

pressure gauge Ø 50 mm, 0 … *2 bar, G1/4 for R10 MS5002-. .*2

mounting bracket for R364 BW30-04S mounting nut for R364 M30x1,5S mounting bracket for R10 BW45-03S mounting nut for R10 M45X1,5S

Special options, add the appropriate letter

40 75 13 relieving 0.4 27 450 G1/4 0.2 … 1.8 R364-02AS for compressed air 0.2 … 4.0 R364-02BS 0.3 … 9.0 R364-02CS 40 75 13 non-relieving 0.4 0.4 6 G1/4 0.2 … 1.8 R364-02ASK for liquids 0.2 … 4.0 R364-02BSK 0.3 … 9.0 R364-02CSK

60 124 35 relieving 2.6 180 3000 G1/2 0.2 … 4.0 R10-04BS for compressed air 0.3 … 9.0 R10-04CS 0.5 … 17, R10-04DS 60 124 35 non-relieving 2.6 2.6 43 G1/2 0.2 … 4.0 R10-04BSK for liquids 0.3 … 9.0 R10-04CSK 0.5 … 17, R10-04DSK

Stainless steel pressure regulator R364-S

Stainless steel pressure regulator R10-S

supply pressure max. 21 bar

supply pressure max. 21 bar, without constant bleed

G1/4 and G1/2 gases or liquids

Description Compact stainless steel pressure regulator with diaphragm.Media compressed air, gases or liquidsSupply pressure max. 21 barAdjustment by plastic knob with snap-lock at R364 and R10, by hexagonal spindle at R354Relieving function relieving, optionally non-relievingGauge port G1/4 on both sides of the body, screw plugs suppliedMounting position anyTemperature range 0 °C to 65 °C / 32 °F to 149 °F, for appropriately conditioned compressed air down to -30 °C / -22 °F 0 °C to 80 °C / 32 °F to 176 °F for spring cage made of fiberglass or stainless steelMaterial Body: stainless steel 316 Spring cage: glass fibre-reinforced plastic at R364 and R10, stainless steel 316 at R354, optionally fibreglass at R364 Elastomer: FKM Inner valve: stainless steel 316

R354-S R364-S

Stainless Steel Pressure Regulator R364-S / R10-S

Dimensions Description Kv Flow Connection Pressure Order A B C value rate thread range number mm mm mm (m³/h) m³/h*1 l/min*1 G bar

R10-S

A

B

C

R354-S

A

B

C

cross section R10-S

inlet outlet

cross section R354-S

inlet outlet

R364-S

B

A

C

gauge G1∕4

gauge G1∕4

cross section R364-S

inlet outlet

43

53

16

96

BW45-03SBW30-04S

19

31

12

Ø 5.5

17

gauge G1∕4

Stainless Steel Pipe Specs

From this web site:

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/stainless‐steel‐pipes‐pressure‐ratings‐d_346.html

6. Pressure Certification of Vessel

7. Test Data

This is preliminary data - more data will be available at the competition.

Test Data ‐ Limited at this time

Load = 100 ml of water Load = 300 ml of water

Glacial Acetic Acid, ml

Max. Pressure, psig

Distance Travelled ft

Glacial Acetic Acid, ml

Max. Pressure, psig

Distance Travelled ft

20 39.5 40.1 20 39.5 20.530 63.1 49.8 30 63.1 33.440 80.5 57.2 40 80.5 41.250 103.7 71.9 50 103.7 56.160 121.5 84.2 60 121.5 65.270 141.2 91.5 70 141.2 79.980 162.8 105.1 80 162.8 86.2

80

100

120

ed, ft

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 20 40 60 80 100

Distance Travelled, ft

ml of Glacial Acetic Acid Used

100 ml

300 ml

8. Car Experimentation Area Floor Plan

9. Management System for Vehicle Modifications

All modifications to the vehicle after the initial design will be done to insure safety. All changes will be approved by the entire team prior to implementation. If the changes are major, then a complete safety review will be required, including participation by the faculty advisor. This would include any changes to the pressure vessel, relief system, maximum operating pressure, replacement of major equipment pieces, and reactant concentrations or quantities. If the changes are smaller in scope, the team itself can decide on the safety. The team will keep a log book of changes and will update the documentation to insure that the design package is current.

10. Pictures of Vehicle As it would appear on the starting line.

11. Material Safety Data Sheets

MSDS Number: S2666 * * * * * Effective Date: 03/16/06 * * * * * Supercedes: 02/16/06

SODIUM ACETATE

1. Product Identification Synonyms: Sodium acetate trihydrate; Acetic acid, sodium salt trihydrate CAS No.: 127-09-3 (Anhydrous); 6131-90-4 (Trihydrate) Molecular Weight: 136.08 Chemical Formula: CH3COONa 3H2O Product Codes: J.T. Baker: 3460, 3461, 3462, 4009 Mallinckrodt: 7356, 7364, 7690, 7768

2. Composition/Information on Ingredients Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous --------------------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------- Sodium Acetate 127-09-3 99 - 100% Yes

3. Hazards Identification Emergency Overview -------------------------- CAUTION! MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. SAF-T-DATA(tm) Ratings (Provided here for your convenience) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Health Rating: 1 - Slight Flammability Rating: 1 - Slight Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight Contact Rating: 1 - Slight Lab Protective Equip: GOGGLES; LAB COAT; VENT HOOD; PROPER GLOVES Storage Color Code: Green (General Storage) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Potential Health Effects ---------------------------------- Inhalation: May cause irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, sore throat, labored breathing, and chest pain. Ingestion: Large doses may produce abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Skin Contact: May cause irritation with redness and pain. Eye Contact: Contact may cause irritation, redness, and pain. Chronic Exposure: No information found. Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions: No information found.

4. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Get medical attention for any breathing difficulty. Ingestion: Give several glasses of water to drink to dilute. If large amounts were swallowed, get medical advice. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention if irritation persists.

5. Fire Fighting Measures Fire: Autoignition temperature: 611C (1132F) As with most organic solids, fire is possible at elevated temperatures or by contact with an ignition source. Listed fire data is for the Anhydrous Material. Explosion: Fine dust dispersed in air in sufficient concentrations, and in the presence of an ignition source is a potential dust explosion hazard.

Fire Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Special Information: In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.

6. Accidental Release Measures Remove all sources of ignition. Ventilate area of leak or spill. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment as specified in Section 8. Spills: Clean up spills in a manner that does not disperse dust into the air. Use non-sparking tools and equipment. Reduce airborne dust and prevent scattering by moistening with water. Pick up spill for recovery or disposal and place in a closed container. Small amounts of residue may be flushed to sewer with plenty of water.

7. Handling and Storage Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. Protect against physical damage. Isolate from any source of heat or ignition. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (dust, solids); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product.

8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Airborne Exposure Limits: None established. Ventilation System: A system of local and/or general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures as low as possible. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area. Please refer to the ACGIH document, Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practices, most recent edition, for details.

Personal Respirators (NIOSH Approved): For conditions of use where exposure to dust or mist is apparent and engineering controls are not feasible, a particulate respirator (NIOSH type N95 or better filters) may be worn. If oil particles (e.g. lubricants, cutting fluids, glycerine, etc.) are present, use a NIOSH type R or P filter. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-face positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator. WARNING: Air-purifying respirators do not protect workers in oxygen-deficient atmospheres. Skin Protection: Wear protective gloves and clean body-covering clothing. Eye Protection: Use chemical safety goggles. Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area.

9. Physical and Chemical Properties Appearance: Colorless crystals. Odor: Slight acetic acid odor. Solubility: 76 gm/100mls water @ 0C Density: 1.45 pH: 8.9 % Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0 Boiling Point: Not applicable. Melting Point: Loses water @ 120C (248F); decomposes @ 324C (615.2F) Vapor Density (Air=1): No information found. Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): No information found.

Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): No information found.

10. Stability and Reactivity Stability: Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Emits fumes of acetic acid upon heating and on contact with strong acids. Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur. Incompatibilities: Nitric acid, fluoride, potassium nitrate, strong oxidizers and diketene. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatibles.

11. Toxicological Information Hydrate: Investigated as a mutagen. Anhydrous: Oral rat LD50: 3530 mg/kg; inhalation rat LC50: > 30 gm/m3; skin rabbit LD50: > 10 mg/kg; Irritation Data, standard Draize: Skin rabbit 500 mg/24H, mild; standard Draize, Eye rabbit 10 mg, mild. Investigated as a mutagen. --------\Cancer Lists\------------------------------------------------------ ---NTP Carcinogen--- Ingredient Known Anticipated IARC Category ------------------------------------ ----- ----------- ------------- Sodium Acetate (127-09-3) No No None

12. Ecological Information

Environmental Fate: No information found. Environmental Toxicity: Freshwater Fish Species Data: 24 Hr LC50 Lepomis macrochirus: 5000 mg/L Microtox Data: 18 Hr EC50 Pseudomonas putida: 7200 mg/L Water Flea Data: 48 Hr EC50 water flea: 5800 mg/L

13. Disposal Considerations Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste disposal facility. Processing, use or contamination of this product may change the waste management options. State and local disposal regulations may differ from federal disposal regulations. Dispose of container and unused contents in accordance with federal, state and local requirements.

14. Transport Information Not regulated.

15. Regulatory Information --------\Chemical Inventory Status - Part 1\--------------------------------- Ingredient TSCA EC Japan Australia ----------------------------------------------- ---- --- ----- --------- Sodium Acetate (127-09-3) Yes Yes Yes Yes --------\Chemical Inventory Status - Part 2\--------------------------------- --Canada-- Ingredient Korea DSL NDSL Phil. ----------------------------------------------- ----- --- ---- ----- Sodium Acetate (127-09-3) Yes Yes No Yes --------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 1\----------------

-SARA 302- ------SARA 313------ Ingredient RQ TPQ List Chemical Catg. ----------------------------------------- --- ----- ---- -------------- Sodium Acetate (127-09-3) No No No No --------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 2\---------------- -RCRA- -TSCA- Ingredient CERCLA 261.33 8(d) ----------------------------------------- ------ ------ ------ Sodium Acetate (127-09-3) No No No Chemical Weapons Convention: No TSCA 12(b): No CDTA: No SARA 311/312: Acute: Yes Chronic: No Fire: No Pressure: No Reactivity: No (Pure / Solid) Australian Hazchem Code: None allocated. Poison Schedule: None allocated. WHMIS: This MSDS has been prepared according to the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products Regulations (CPR) and the MSDS contains all of the information required by the CPR.

16. Other Information NFPA Ratings: Health: 1 Flammability: 1 Reactivity: 0 Label Hazard Warning: CAUTION! MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. Label Precautions: Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Avoid breathing dust. Use with adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly after handling. Keep container closed. Label First Aid:

If inhaled, remove to fresh air. Get medical attention for any breathing difficulty. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes or skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if irritation develops or persists. Product Use: Laboratory Reagent. Revision Information: MSDS Section(s) changed since last revision of document include: 3, 12. Disclaimer: ************************************************************************************************ Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc. provides the information contained herein in good faith but makes no representation as to its comprehensiveness or accuracy. This document is intended only as a guide to the appropriate precautionary handling of the material by a properly trained person using this product. Individuals receiving the information must exercise their independent judgment in determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose. MALLINCKRODT BAKER, INC. MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION SET FORTH HEREIN OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH THE INFORMATION REFERS. ACCORDINGLY, MALLINCKRODT BAKER, INC. WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THIS INFORMATION. ************************************************************************************************ Prepared by: Environmental Health & Safety Phone Number: (314) 654-1600 (U.S.A.)

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

PRODUCT NAME: CARBON DIOXIDE, GAS

MSDS: G-8Revised: 6/7/96 Page 1 of 7

1. Chemical Product and Company Identification

BOC Gases,Division ofThe BOC Group, Inc.575 Mountain AvenueMurray Hill, NJ 07974

TELEPHONE NUMBER: (908) 464-8100

BOC GasesDivision ofBOC Canada Limited5975 Falbourne Street, Unit 2Mississauga, Ontario L5R 3W6

TELEPHONE NUMBER: (905) 501-170024-HOUR EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER:CHEMTREC (800) 424-9300

24-HOUR EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER:(905) 501-0802EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN NO: 20101

PRODUCT NAME: CARBON DIOXIDE, GASCHEMICAL NAME: Carbon DioxideCOMMON NAMES/SYNONYMS: Carbonic AnhydrideTDG (Canada) CLASSIFICATION: 2.2WHMIS CLASSIFICATION: A

PREPARED BY: Loss Control (908)464-8100/(905)501-1700PREPARATION DATE: 6/1/95REVIEW DATES: 6/7/96

2. Composition, Information on IngredientsINGREDIENT % VOLUME PEL-OSHA1 TLV-ACGIH2 LD50 or LC50

Route/SpeciesCarbon DioxideFORMULA: CO2

CAS: 124-38-9RTECS #: FF6400000

99.8 TO 99.999 5000 ppm TWA 5000 ppm TWA30,000 ppm STEL

Not Available

1 As stated in 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z (revised July 1, 1993)2 As stated in the ACGIH 1994-95 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents

3. Hazards IdentificationEMERGENCY OVERVIEW

Oxygen levels below 19.5% may cause asphyxia. Carbon dioxide exposure can cause nausea andrespiratory problems. High concentrations may cause vasodilation leading to circulatory collapse.



ROUTE OF ENTRY:Skin Contact

YesSkin Absorption

NoEye Contact

YesInhalation

YesIngestion

Yes

HEALTH EFFECTS:Exposure Limits

YesIrritant

NoSensitization

NoTeratogen

NoReproductive Hazard

NoMutagen

NoSynergistic EffectsNone reported

Carcinogenicity: -- NTP: No IARC: No OSHA: No

EYE EFFECTS:No adverse effects anticipated.

SKIN EFFECTS:No adverse effects anticipated.

INGESTION EFFECTS:No adverse effects anticipated.

INHALATION EFFECTS:Carbon dioxide is the most powerful cerebral vasodilator known. Inhaling large concentrations causes rapidcirculatory insufficiency leading to coma and death. Asphyxiation is likely to occur before the effects of carbondioxide overexposure. Chronic, harmful effects are not known from repeated inhalation of low concentrations.Low concentrations of carbon dioxide cause increased respiration and headache.

Effects of oxygen deficiency resulting from simple asphyxiants may include: rapid breathing, diminished mentalalertness, impaired muscular coordination, faulty judgement, depression of all sensations, emotional instability,and fatigue. As asphyxiation progresses, nausea, vomiting, prostration, and loss of consciousness may result,eventually leading to convulsions, coma, and death.

Oxygen deficiency during pregnancy has produced developmental abnormalities in humans and experimentalanimals.

NFPA HAZARD CODES HMIS HAZARD CODES RATINGS SYSTEM

Health: 1 Health: 1 0 = No HazardFlammability: 0 Flammability: 0 1 = Slight HazardReactivity: 0 Reactivity: 0 2 = Moderate Hazard

3 = Serious Hazard4 = Severe Hazard



4. First Aid Measures

EYES:Never introduce oil or ointment into the eyes without medical advice! If pain is present, refer the victim to anophthalmologist for further treatment and follow up.

SKIN:No adverse effects anticipated.

INGESTION:Not anticipated.

INHALATION:PROMPT MEDICAL ATTENTION IS MANDATORY IN ALL CASES OF OVEREXPOSURE TO CARBONDIOXIDE. RESCUE PERSONNEL SHOULD BE EQUIPPED WITH SELF-CONTAINED BREATHINGAPPARATUS. Conscious persons should be assisted to an uncontaminated area and inhale fresh air. Quickremoval from the contaminated area is most important. Unconscious persons should be moved to anuncontaminated area, given mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and supplemental oxygen. Further treatment shouldbe symptomatic and supportive.

5. Fire Fighting Measures

Conditions of Flammability: NonflammableFlash point:None

Method:Not Applicable

AutoignitionTemperature: None

LEL(%): None UEL(%): NoneHazardous combustion products: NoneSensitivity to mechanical shock: NoneSensitivity to static discharge: None

FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS:None. Nonflammable

6. Accidental Release Measures

Evacuate all personnel from affected area. Use appropriate protective equipment. If leak is in user’s equipment,be certain to purge piping with inert gas prior to attempting repairs. If leak is in container or container valve,contact the appropriate emergency telephone number listed in Section 1 or call your closest BOC location.

7. Handling and Storage

Electrical Classification:Non-Hazardous



Dry carbon dioxide can be handled in most common structural materials. Moist carbon dioxide is generallycorrosive by its formation of carbonic acid. For applications with moist Carbon Dioxide, 316, 309 and 310stainless steels may be used as well as Hastelloy ® A, B, & C, and Monel ®. Ferrous Nickel alloys are slightlysusceptible to corrosion. At normal temperatures carbon dioxide is compatible with most plastics andelastomers.

Use only in well-ventilated areas. Carbon dioxide vapor is heavier than air and will accumulate in low areas.Valve protection caps must remain in place unless container is secured with valve outlet piped to use point. Donot drag, slide or roll cylinders. Use a suitable hand truck for cylinder movement. Use a pressure reducingregulator when connecting cylinder to lower pressure (<3000 psig) piping or systems. Do not heat cylinder byany means to increase the discharge rate of product from the cylinder. Use a check valve or trap in thedischarge line to prevent hazardous back flow into the system.

Protect cylinders from physical damage. Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heavily traffickedareas and emergency exits. Do not allow the temperature where cylinders are stored to exceed 125oF (52oC).Cylinders should be stored upright and firmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over. Full and emptycylinders should be segregated. Use a "first in-first out" inventory system to prevent full cylinders being storedfor excessive periods of time.

For additional storage recommendations, consult Compressed Gas Association’s Pamphlet P-1.

Never carry a compressed gas cylinder or a container of a gas in cryogenic liquid form in an enclosed space suchas a car trunk, van or station wagon. A leak can result in a fire, explosion, asphyxiation or a toxic exposure.

Maximum use for potable water 100 mg/l.

8. Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

EXPOSURE LIMITS1:INGREDIENT % VOLUME PEL-OSHA2 TLV-ACGIH3 LD50 or LC50

Route/SpeciesCarbon DioxideFORMULA: CO2

CAS: 124-38-9RTECS #: FF6400000

99.8 TO 99.999 5000 ppm TWA 5000 ppm TWA30,000 ppm STEL

Not Available

1 Refer to individual state of provincial regulations, as applicable, for limits which may be more stringent than those listed here.2 As stated in 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z (revised July 1, 1993)3 As stated in the ACGIH 1994-1995 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents.

IDLH (Carbon Dioxide): 50,000 ppm

ENGINEERING CONTROLS:Use local exhaust to prevent accumulation of high concentrations so as to reduce the oxygen level in the air toless than 19.5% and the carbon dioxide concentration below the exposure limit.

EYE/FACE PROTECTION:Safety goggles or glasses as appropriate for the job.

SKIN PROTECTION:Protective gloves of any material appropriate for the job.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION:



Positive pressure air line with full-face mask and escape bottle or self-contained breathing apparatus should beavailable for emergency use.

OTHER/GENERAL PROTECTION:Safety shoes.

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

PARAMETER VALUE UNITSPhysical state (gas, liquid, solid) : GasVapor pressure at 70 oF : 856 psiaVapor density at 70 oF, 1 atm (Air = 1) : 1.53Evaporation point : Not AvailableBoiling point (CO2 Sublimes) : -109.3

: -78.5

oFoC

Freezing point : -69.8: -56.6

oFoC

pH : Not AvailableSpecific gravity : Not AvailableOil/water partition coefficient : Not AvailableSolubility (H20) : Very solubleOdor threshold : Not ApplicableOdor and appearance : A colorless, odorless gas.

10. Stability and Reactivity

STABILITY:Stable

INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS:Certain reactive metals, hydrides, moist cesium monoxide, or lithium acetylene carbide diammino may ignite.Passing carbon dioxide over a mixture of sodium peroxide and aluminum or magnesium may explode.

HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS:Carbon monoxide and oxygen when heated above 3092 oF (1700oC). Carbonic acid is formed in the presence ofmoisture.

HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur.

11. Toxicological Information

REPRODUCTIVE:Oxygen deficiency during pregnancy has produced developmental abnormalities in humans and experimentalanimals.

Exposure of female rats to 60,000 ppm carbon dioxide for 24 hours has produced toxic effects to the embryo andfetus in pregnant rats. Toxic effects to the reproductive system have been observed in other mammalian speciesat similar concentrations.

OTHER:



Carbon dioxide is the most powerful cerebral vasodilator known. Inhaling large concentrations causes rapidcirculatory insufficiency leading to coma and death. Chronic, harmful effects are not known from repeatedinhalation of low (3 to 5 molar %) concentrations.

12. Ecological Information

No data given.

13. Disposal Considerations

Do not attempt to dispose of residual waste or unused quantities. Return in the shipping container PROPERLYLABELED, WITH ANY VALVE OUTLET PLUGS OR CAPS SECURED AND VALVE PROTECTION CAPIN PLACE to BOC Gases or authorized distributor for proper disposal.

14. Transport Information

PARAMETER United States DOT Canada TDGPROPER SHIPPING NAME: Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide

HAZARD CLASS: 2.2 2.2

IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: UN 1013 UN 1013

SHIPPING LABEL: NONFLAMMABLE GAS NONFLAMMABLE GAS

15. Regulatory Information

SARA TITLE III NOTIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION

SARA TITLE III HAZARD CLASSES:Acute Health HazardSudden Release of Pressure Hazard



16. Other Information

Compressed gas cylinders shall not be refilled without the express written permission of the owner. Shipment ofa compressed gas cylinder which has not been filled by the owner or with his/her (written) consent is aviolation of transportation regulations.

DISCLAIMER OF EXPRESSED AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES:Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this document, we extend no warranties and makeno representations as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein, and assume noresponsibility regarding the suitability of this information for the user’s intended purposes or for theconsequences of its use. Each individual should make a determination as to the suitability of the information fortheir particular purpose(s).

Documents

Model Engineering Design Documentation Package · Model Engineering Design Documentation Package September 2009 Table of Contents 1. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) 2. Flow Diagram of Car