Model Bibliographic entries in Chicago “Notes and Bibliography” (Humanities) style

Course textbook:Burkholder, J. Peter, Donald Jay Grout, and Claude V. Palisca. A History of Western Music. 7th ed. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2006.

Norton Anthology of Western Music:Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. Piano Sonata in F Major, K. 332: I. In The Norton Anthology of Western Music, vol. 2, edited by J. Peter Burkholder and Claude V. Palisca, 182-188. 6th ed. New York: Norton, 2010.

Recorded Norton Anthology of Western Music:Debussy, Claude. Nocturnes: Nuages. New York Philharmonic, cond. Pierre Boulez. In Norton Recorded Anthology of Western Music, edited by J. Peter Burkholder and Claude V. Palisca, 6th ed. Naxos and W. W. Norton, 2010.

Article from Grove Music Online:Perkins, Leeman L. "Ockeghem, Jean de." In Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online, http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/20248 (accessed September 6, 2010).

Print version of New Grove:New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed., s.v. “Ockeghem, Jean de.”

Book-length biography:Krenek, Ernst. Johannes Ockeghem. New York: Sheed & Ward, 1953.

Article from print journal:Robertson, Anne Walters. “The Savior, the Woman, and the Head of the Dragon in the Caput Masses and Motet.” Journal of the American Musicological Society 59, no. 3 (Fall 2006): 537-630.

Article from an online database:Robertson, Anne Walters. “The Savior, the Woman, and the Head of the Dragon in the Caput Masses and Motet.” Journal of the American Musicological Society 59, no. 3 (Fall 2006) [if paginated, add colon and page numbers here]. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4138533.

Composition on a sound recording: Composer. Title of piece. Title of Album. Label, date. Add “iTunes,” etc., if appropriate.

Article from a website:Lynch, Robert L. “No Child Left Behind Act Wrongly Left the Arts Behind.” TheHill.com. Date last update. http://thehill.com/op-eds/no-child-left-behind-act-wrongly-left-the-arts-behind-2007-03-12.html (accessed Feb. 24, 2012).

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Citing Sources in-textChicago Notes and Bibliography (Humanities) style uses footnotes. Most word-processors will automatically number footnotes sequentially and in superscript.

First note for a sourceTo initially format a footnote, use the bibliographic style as exemplified above, but use the author’s first name first and change the punctuation so that each footnote is only one sentence (i.e. use only one period, or final punctuation), like this:

1J. Peter Burkholder, Donald Jay Grout, and Claude V. Palisca, A History of Western Music, 7th ed. (New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2006), 27.

2Leeman L. Perkins, "Ockeghem, Jean de," in Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online, http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/20248 (accessed September 6, 2010).

3 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Piano Sonata in F Major, K. 332: I, in The Norton Anthology of Western Music, vol. 2, edited by J. Peter Burkholder and Claude V. Palisca, 6th ed. (New York: Norton, 2010), 183.

4Anne Walters Robertson, “The Savior, the Woman, and the Head of the Dragon in the Caput Masses and Motet,” Journal of the American Musicological Society 59, no. 3 (Fall 2006): 537, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4138533.

Subsequent notes for sources used more than onceCitations for a source that was cited earlier in the essay should be abbreviated to just the author’s last name, a shorted title, and the page number(s), like this:

5Burkholder, A History, 29.

6 Perkins, “Ockeghem.”

7Mozart, Sonata, 185.

8Robertson, “The Savior,” Journal of the American Musicological Society, 538.

Footnotes, like all in-text citations, should list only the page numbers being cited, not the page numbers for a complete article or chapter (unless an entire article or chapter is being cited, which is extremely rare).

Bibliographies are alphabetized and entries are not numbered.

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