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ww
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ù¼ µ Ç©³ð»º¬¿úå±Ø µå§¹åù ¼ µ Ç©³ð»º¬¿úå±Ø µå§¹åù ¼ µ Ç©³ð»º¬¿úå±Ø µå§¹åù ¼ µ Ç©³ð»º¬¿úå±Ø µå§¹åù ¼ µ Ç©³ð»º¬¿úå±Ø µå§¹åjynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&; ........... 'dkYta&;wdkif&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDñGwfrIrNydKuGJa&; .......... 'dkYta&;tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwhHcdkifNrJa&; .......... 'dkYta&;
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ZGwf 5
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rESpfuwnf;u wifatmifrif;odrf;u 'DtaqmifrSm aecJhonf/ tjyifaqmifqkdaomfvnf; olwdkYtaqmifykdif&Sif tbGm;BuD;uat;aq;onf/ 'DtaqmifrSmvnf; rae/ wjcm;&yfuGufwGif tdrfwpfvHk;ESihf ae\/ ayav;q,ajcmufq,f NcHxJwGif opfom;tdrfuav;wpfvHk;&SdNyD; wpftdrfvkH;rSm vlav;a,mufom xm;onhftwGuf olwkdY ae&xkdif& acsmifcsdonf/ usefonhftaqmifawGqkdvQif ae&muav;ykdorQ tcef;uefYum iSm;wwfojzihf ae&xkdif&wmMuyfn§yfaeavh&Sdonf/
tckawmh tdrf&SiftbGm;BuD;u avmbrBuD;/ wpftdrfvHk;av;a,mufyJ xm;onf/ wpfa,mufukd wpfaxmifpDawmh aps;ykday;&\/ wpfaomif;ay;&usKd;vnf; eyfonf/ olwkdYrSm {nhfcef;ESihf?
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rspa
ce.c
om.m
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6 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
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rspa
ce.c
om.m
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ZGwf 7
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
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reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
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8 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
onfhaumifu olYukd yg;pyfa[mif;avmif;ESihf ai;um Munhfaeonf/vlyHku axmifaxmifarmif;armif;? yg;pHktpftpf? rsufvHk;awGuavmuBuD;ukd ol bmrSrodyg[k ajymaeonhfyHkpH? 'Dtouft&G,fESihfacgif;uqHyifawGu jzLaeNyD/ umwGef;awGbmawG 0goemygNyD;pmvnf; rawmufwacgufa&;w,fqkdawmh 'Davmufawmh &SdrSmaygh[k ol awG;rdonf/
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rspa
ce.c
om.m
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ZGwf 9
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
x/ t&Sifbk&m; 'DrSm oDwif;oHk;yg bk&m;/ qGrf;udpö wynfhawmfpDpOfyghr,f}}
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rspa
ce.c
om.m
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10 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
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rspa
ce.c
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ZGwf 11
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ce.c
om.m
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12 eDukd&J
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ZGwf 13
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xkdaeYu rdk;pkd;\&nf&G,fcsufu ausmif;ydwf&ufrsm;twGif;a0;ae&aom oli,fcsif;rsm;ESihf tm;&yg;& pum;ajym&efomjzpfonf/ rdav;? acrmESihf omomwdkY oHk;a,mufpvHk;uvnf;taqmifukd r0ifcif rkd;pkd;\tdrfukd t&ifvmMuonf/ rkd;pkd;\tdrfuausmif;ESihf eD;jcif;? oli,fcsif;awGuvnf; rdk;pkd;wkdY&yfuGufxJrSmyiftaqmifaeMujcif;jzpfonhftwGuf ausmif;rzGihfcif wpf&uftvkdrSmoli,fcsif;awGESihf qkHcGihf&onf/ ausmif;ydwfxm;onhf &ufrsm;rSmaxGaxGxl;xl; bmrS ajymp&mr&SdvSaomfvnf; [kdtaMumif;vkajym?'DtaMumif; vkajymESihf pum;0dkif;u awmfawmfESihf rNyD;Mu/
AkdufqmvdkYjyefrnf[k rkd;pkd;uajymawmh acrmu pdwfaumufonf/ omomu ajcudk aqmifh\/ 'geJYyJ olwdkYESihf taqmifrSmxrif;twlpm;zkdY oabmwlNyD; vrf;xdyfu tefwDBuD; tDwGefYyGef\xrif;qkdifrSm xrif;oGm;0,fum taqmifrSm pkxrif;pm;Murnf[kpdwful;Muonf/
qkdifudka&mufawmh tefwD tDwGefYyGefu acR;wvHk;vHk;ESihf&Sd\/ olYa,mufsm; OD;&J0if;ukdvnf; [def;vkduf a[mufvkdufESihf&Sdonf/ tefwDtDwGefYyGefu tvkyfESihfvuf rjywfoavmuf olYa,mufsm;uawmh tNrJaES;auG;av;vHol jzpfonf/ t&ufuav;uvnf; aomufvkdufao;\/ pum;a&mazma&muvnf; tvGefvkyfonf/ pum;wpfvHk;&vQif trQifrjywfawmh/ wpfcgwpf&Hvnf;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
14 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
olYpum;ESihfol vHk;vnfvkdufaewwf\/]]&Sifu awmifyHawG jrnf;ypfawmh usKyfu bmukd oGm;
a&mif;&rSmawmhvJ/ &Sif aemufudkqkwf/ uRefr[if;tkd;awGem;ruyfeJY}}
]]awmifyHuav; ESpfzufjrnf;rdwmukduGm.../ 'Dr,f rdef;r/MuufrSm taumif;qHk;u awmifyHwJh/ xkdawmifyHESihf bDtD;jrnf;aomfZ&ufrif;wkdY\ pnf;pdrfukd...}}
]]atmifrm...bm Z&yfrif;vJ/ &Sifu pmuav;rif;awmifjzpfr,hfvl r[kwfbJeJY/ [kdaeYuvnf; <uufeDeJYtonf;tjrpfwpfwHk;jrnf;NyD;NyD/ a&Tbkef;qkdwJh vludkvnf; ig;z,fESpfwHk; ckd;ay;w,f/rsKd;aqGoef;qkdwJh usL&Sifq&mudkvnf; xrif;auR;wm tckxdaiGrawmif;Ekdifbl;/ raeYu cufrmqkdwJh aumifrav;ukdvnf;r&Sd&if aemufrSay;qkdNyD; &Sifu ta<u;a&mif;w,fqkd...}}
]]rcsKdeJYcufrmu tdrfu aiGydkYwmeJY ay;r,fqkdvkdYyguGm...rdef;ruvJ/ rsKd;aqGoef;u olY&nf;pm; raX;vm&if ay;rSmwJh/a&Tbkef;uawmh aeOD;ayghuGm/ ig ckd;ay;wmukd olu jyefajym&w,fvkdY}}
]]'DrSm...&Sif uRefr [if;tkd;awGem; ruyfeJY/ oGm;.../aemufwpfcg &SihfvlawGvm&if uRefryg;pyfeJY awGUNyDomrSwfvdkYajymvkduf}}
xkdtcsdefwGif rkd;pkd;wdkY xrif;qkdifxJ a&mufoGm;jcif;jzpf\/tefwDtDwGefYyGefu olYa,mufsm;ukd 'eftdk;zHk;ESihfwD;&ef &G,fae&if;rSrkd;pkd;ESihfacrmwkdYawGUawmh 'eftkd;zHk;ukd aumufzHk;&if;...
]][,f...acrm? rkd;pkd;.../ tr,fav;...arQmfvkduf&wm/b,faeYu taqmifukd a&mufwmvJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 15
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]tefwDtDa&...'DaeYyJ/ oD;pHkukvm;[if; &Sdao;vm;}}]]ukefNyD...}}]]uJ...ukda&T&J0if;/ &Sif...wdwfwdwfaeqkd raebl;vm;/
oGm;...oGm;...a0;&mukd oGm;/ 'Dvdk acrma&.../ oD;pHkukvm;[if;taMumif;awmh rajymcsifawmhygbl;}}
tefwDtDwGefYyGefu ajymcsifvQif rajymawmhygbl;[k pum;cHavh&Sdojzifh rkd;pkd;wkdY bmrSrajymbJ NidrfaevkdufMuonf/
]]Z*Frmvrf;xdyfu tdrfaqmufaeMuwJh tdrfrSmav/ tJ'Dtdrfuaygh.../ oD;pHkukvm;[if;ukd BudKufvScsnf&JUqkdNyD; wpftkd;vHk;0,foGm;wm/ 'geJY ajym&OD;r,f/ tdrfawG a&vkdufxnhfaewJhoef;oef;0if;qkdwJh aumifrav;av.../ a,musfm;aemufygoGm;NyDacrm&JU/ qkdifrsufapmif;xkd;u OD;udkudkBuD;udkvnf; abmvH;yGJ½IH;vkdYqkdNyD; olYrdef;ru ESifcsvdkufyga&mvm;/ tHr,f .....(uu)q&mBuD;udkaX;a0tjzpfu omawmif&,fp&maumif;ao;/ wpfaeY olu.....(uu)armif;aumif;vkdY avuav;cRefNyD; jyefvmwkef; olYrdef;rrodef;at;u...}}
]]tefwDtD...bm[if;awG&SdvJ/ orD;wdkY AdkufqmvSNyD}}]]aMomf...at;at;.../ tJ'D oD;pHkukvm;[if;ukdyJ ajymwm/
r&Sdawmhbl;.../ bJO[if; &Sdw,f/ Muufom;uawmh wpfyGJpmyJ&Sdawmhw,f/ ajymif;zl;aMumfeJY yJyifayguf yJjym;ukdawmh ESpfrsKd;wpfyGJyJ,lawmh}}
]][if...bJO[if;yJ &Sdawmhwmvm;}}]]aMomf...cuf&csnf&JU rkd;pkd;uvnf;.../ 'DrSm ig;ovJxkd;
tkd;uyfuav;vnf; usefygao;w,f/ olrsm;qkd&ifawmh 'gukdESpfyGJayghaemf/ rdk;pkd;uawmh wpf&moDvHk; pm;r,hfazmufonfawGrkdY
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
16 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wpfyGJyJ,l}}tefwDtDu xHk;pHtwkdif; tDavonf/ 'ghaMumihfvnf;
tDwGefYyGef[k olYukd ac:Muwm jzpfzkdYrsm;onf/ omomu ESmacgif;½IHUum...
]]bJOawmh rpm;csifbl;[m...}}]]oma&.../ bJOqkdvkdY olvkdigvdkbJO r[kwfbl;aemf/
Muufom;[if;xJxnhfNyD; jyKwfxm;wJh bJO[if;/ bJOukd wpfukd,fvHk;rTef;xm;vdkY Muufom;a&xdNyD; tdaewm/ pm;MunhfOD;...od&JUom;eJY}}
'Dae&mrSmawmh rkd;pkd; 0if&awmhonf/ Akdufuvnf; qmvSNyD/olY[if;usefawGukd ol trTef;wifaewmom xkdifapmihfaevQif'DaeY xrif;pm;&awmhrnf rxif/
]]uJ...tefwDtD/ orD;wdkYav;a,muftwGuf tefwDtDhqDrSm usefwJh[if;awG tukefom xnhfvkdufygawmh}}
rdk;pkd;pum;qHk;awmh tefwDtD 0rf;omoGm;yHk&onf/ <uyf<uyftdwfukd vSrf;,lum tkd;tzHk;awGukd vSefwkef; qkdifxJodk Y vlwpfa,muf ajy;0ifvmumvm\/
]]xrif;...xrif;ay;yg}}0ifvmolu atmf&if;ajy;&if; omomhycHk;av;ukd 0ifumwkduf
onf/ pum;enf;ol? at;ol omomeHab;wGif &yfaeaomrkd;pkd;ukd omom xyfwkdufojzihf rkd;pkd;u acrmhukd wkdufonf/acrmu [if;xnfh&ef jyifaeaom tefwDtDwGefYyGefukd xyfwkdufum[if;tkd;BuD; vGwfusoGm;avonf/
]]trav;...}}]][Jh...[Jh}}]]*Grf...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 17
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]&Sif b,fvkdvkyfvkdufwmvJ}}]]...[m...}}xkdpum;av;cGef;pvHk;rSm wpfcGef;ESihf wpfcGef;Mum;wGif puúefY
0ufavmufom jcm;NyD; ajymrd? atmfrdjcif;om jzpfygonf/ okdYaomfuHaumif;onfu bJOESpfvHk;ESihf ig;z,fESpfjym;omygaom tefwDtDwGefYyGef\ 'eftdk;BuD; vGefusoGm;jcif;jzpf\/ tefwDtDwGefYyGefrSmvGwfusumupu pdwfqkd;aomfvnf; vGwfusoGm;NyD;NyD;csif;yif 'D[if;twGufawmh tavsmf&NyD[k pdwfxJ wef;odum 0rf;omoGm;jcif;yifjzpf\/ odkYaomf [efukd,fzdkY r[kwfvm;.../
]][Jh...eif b,fvkdvkyfvkdufwmvJ/ 'DrSm [if;tkd; vGwfusoGm;NyD/ oGm;NyD...ukefNyD/ Munhfprf;...igh[if;awG ukefygNyD}}
]][m...uefawmhygcifAsm...uefawmhyg/ uRefawmfhukdxrif;eJY[if;...[if;...ay;ygcifAsm/ ta&;BuD;vdkYyg}}
]]a[haumif...rif; bmaumifvJ/ xrif; vm0,fwmvm;?rif; "m;jy vmwkdufwmvm;}}
tefwDtDwGefYyGef\ a,mufsm;u tuGufaumif;uav;&onfESifh iHk;&ifbwfavmuf&Sdaom olY&ifbwfukd aumhum jyóemwufaeaom ae&mtwGif;odkY 0ifumvmavonf/ tefwDtDwGefYyGefu [if;twGuf tavsmf&awmhrnfqkdum pdwfat;oGm;aomfvnf;tdk;xJwGif bJOwpfvHk;ESihf ig;z,fwpfjym;usefao;wmudkvnf; iHkYMunhfum awGUvkdufao;onf/
]]r[kwfygbl;cifAsm/ uRefawmf ta&;BuD;vkdYyg/ tpfudkBuD;qkdYa&SUu ajrmif;abmifu opfom;cif;xm;wm rnDwmeJY 0ifwkdufrdvdkYyg/ awmif;yefygw,f/ uRefawmhfukd xrif;ESpfyGJ jrefjrefa&mif;ygAsm}}
]]a[haumif...a&SUu ajrmif;ukd wpfaeYuyJ wpfaeYcif;vHk;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
18 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rtdyfbJ jyifxm;wmuG/ tykdawG rajymeJY}}]]uJ...&Sif wdwfwdwfaeprf;yg/ oGm;...rdwfysufatmif
atmfraeeJY/ uJ...'DrSm armifav;.../ armifav;aMumihf tpfr[if;tdk; arSmufoGm;NyD/ 'gayr,hf armiffav;uHaumif;wmu tJ'Dtkd;uMuufom;[if;tdk;awmh r[kwfbl;}}
]]awmfao;wmayghAsm/ uRefawmf avsmfyghr,f/ uRefawmfhukdxrif;eJY [if;ESpfyGJom jrefjrefa&mif;yg/ q,hfESpfem&D xkd;awmhr,fAs}}
]]uJ...'gqdk [kwfNyD/ armifav;u bm[if;eJY,lrSmvJ}}]]&SdwJh[if;eJYom xnhfygAsm/ bm[if;jzpfjzpf &ygw,f}}tefwDtDwGefYyGefu 0rf;omtm;& [if;tkd;xJu [if;awGukd
xnhf&ef pDpOfcsdefrSm rkd;pkd; 0if&awmhonf/]]tefwDtDwGefYyGef/ [if;u 'gyJusefawmhwmqkd&ifawmh
orD;wkd Yu t&ifa&mufwmaemf/ tJ'D[if;ukd orD;wdk YtwGufyJxnfhvdkufyg}}
rdk;pkd;\ pl;&JaomtMunhf? wif;rmaom avoHwkdYaMumihftefwDtD bmvkyf&rSef;rod jzpfoGm;yHk&onf/
]][m...uRefawmfu 'D[if;eJYxrif; r&vdkY rjzpfbl;cifAs/r&&if tm;vHk; 'ku©rsm;ukefvdrfhr,f}}
]]'DrSm &Sifhwpfa,mufwnf;rSm tpmtdrfygwm r[kwfbl;/NyD;awmh aps;0,fw,fqkdwm t&ifa&mufwJhvlukd OD;pm;ay;&w,fqkdwmavmufawmh &Sif odrSmyg}}
trSefawmh oli,fcsif;awGtm;vHk;ukd tdrfac:oGm;NyD; jynhfpHkavmufiSatmif rkd;pkd; auR;vkdY&ygonf/ 'gayr,hf tckjzpfonhfudpöuA½kwfA&ufEkdifonhftjyif olwkdYukd twif;0ifvkovkd jzpfaeojzihft½IH;ray;csifonhftwGuf wrif&atmif 0,frnf[k qHk;jzwfvdkufjcif;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 19
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
yif jzpfonf/]]'gqkd&ifvnf;Asm...ESpfyGJr&vnf; xrif;wpfyGJawmh a&mif;
yg/ bm[if;eJY jzpfjzpfygAsm/ q,hfESpfem&D xkd;awmhr,fAs/ ta&;BuD;vdkYyg}}
]]rdk;pkd;&,f wpfyGJqkd&ifawmh tm;vHk;tqifajyatmif tefwDtD pDpOfay;yghr,faemf}}
rdk;pkd;wkdYoHk;a,mufpvHk;ukd vuftkyfcsD OD;ñTwfum avoHaysmhaysmhuav;ESihf awmif;yefaejcif;? tefwDtDwGef YyGefu olY[if;cwfZGef;ukd wcsdefcsdef wqqESihf cGihfawmif;aejcif;wkdYaMumihfrkd;pdk; auseyfoGm;um acgif;ndwfjyvdkuf&\/
rdk;pkd; cGihfjyKcsuf &NyD;í tefwDtD xrif;ESihf[if;ukd xnhfaeuwnf;u xkdvlYrsufESmu rkd;pkd;wkdYbufukd rvSnhfawmh/ xrif;xkyfukdom ta&;wBuD; Munhfumaeonf/ xrif;xkyf&NyD;onfESihfvufxJrSm ukdifxm;aom ig;&mwefukd ypfcsum xrif;xkyfqGJumajy;xGufoGm;\/
]][Jh...[Jh.../ arSmufuswJh [if;zkd;,lNyD;&ifawmif wpf&mhig;q,f ykdao;w,fav.../ [Jh...}}
]]ac:raeygeJYawmh tefwDtDwGefYyGefa&/ 'Dvlu qkdrmvDuvmwm jzpf&r,f}}
]]r[kwfygbl; acrm&m.../ tD&wfu jzpfrSmyg}}acrmESihfomomu ajymum &,fMuonf/]]eifwdkYESpfa,mufpvHk; r[kwfao;bl;[/ 'DaumihfMunhf&
wm pdwfrESHYbl;eJY wlw,f}}rdk;pkd; bmrS0ifrajymawmh/ olYpdwfxJu rSwfcsufukd tefwD
tDwGefYyGef\ a,musfm;u ajymoGm;onhftwGuf jzpfonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
20 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]udkif;...'DuaeYawmh 'umwkdY[m o&P*HkoHk;yg;udkvnf;wnfNyD;NyD? ig;yg;oDvukdvnf; aqmufwnfNyD;NyDqkdawmh Ak'¨bmom0ifvnf;jzpf? rdrdbmomukd xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufr,hf'umawGvnf;jzpfoGm;NyD? edygwfvm yHk0w¬KawGudkawmh tcsdefeJYae&maMumihf OD;yÍöif;ra[mawmhbl;/ 'gayr,hf wif;wif;MuyfMuyf OD;yÍöif; owday;qHk;rcsifwm wpfckawmh&Sdw,f 'umwkdY}}
]]rSefvSygbk&m;}}bmrS rwwfEkdifawmhonfhtqHk; wifatmifrif;odrf;u
ukokdvf,lzkdYom qHk;jzwfvkdufonf/ OD;yÍöif;u ta[mtajymawmhaumif;onf/ toHMoZm&Sd\/ rsufcHk;arT;u OD;jynhfpdrf;pdrf;ESihf[wfum xif;aeonf/ ESmwHay:ay:? tom;u ndKpdrf;pdrf;?EIwfcrf;u ydyd? wu,hf OD;yÍö½kyfrsK d;&Sdonf/ toufukdawmhol rcefYrSef;wwf/
]]'Dawmh tcsdefr&onhftwGuf OD;yÍöif;u 'umwkd YukdwpfckyJ qHk;rcJhcsifw,f/ tJ'gu avmbukd a&SmifMuuGJU/ bmudka&Smif&rSmwkef;}}
]]avmbukdyg bk&m;}}'Dwpfcgawmh bkduav;om; rdk;ausmfqkdonhfolu uGrf;iHkoH
BuD;jzihf ajzonf/]]avmboabm vkdcsifa[m...vkdY qkdMuwm/ avmbqkd
wm ]csif}wmyJ/ umr*kPfqkdif&m ]vkdcsifrI}ukd avmbvkdYac:w,f/tJ'DavmbukdyJ ]ayr? wPSm? &m*? ork',} ponfjzihf trsKd;rsKd;trnfwyfNyD; ac:Muw,f}}
]]rSefvSygbk&m;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 21
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'Dwpfcgawmh wifatmifrif;odrf;ESihf rdk;ausmf NydKifwlajzMu&\/
]]ayrqkdwmukd ]cspfjcif;}vdkY t"dyÜm,f&w,f...'umwkdY/om;orD;? armifeJYESr? nDeJYtpfukd? cifyGef;eJYZeD; tp&SdwJh tdrfoltdrfom;jcif; cspfjcif;ukd ac:w,f/ ]oHa,mZOf}qkdNyD;vnf; ac:Muao;w,f/ tdrf...wPSmqkdwmawmh umr*kPfig;yg;rSm aysmfarGUwyfrufjcif;ukd ac:w,f/ ]wPSm}qkdwJh t"dyÜm,fukd ]wyfrufjcif;?iwfjcif;}vkdY ac:w,f/ rSwfxm;Mu.../ [kwfNyDvm;}}
]]wifyghygbk&m;}}]]tJ'D umr*kPf tm½Hkig;yg;&JU tawGUtm½Hk ]arxkefrI}ukd
tvGefwyfrufvkdvm&if ]&m*}vkdY ac:w,f/ &m*qkdwm ]uyfNidjcif;?pGJvef;jcif;}wJh/ t0wfukd zef&nf? qdk;&nf qkd;wJhtcg pGJuyfouJhodkYwpfa,mufa,muftay:ü pGJvef;wJhavmbukd ac:wm/ 'DvkdavmuoHk;yg;eJYoHk;awmh rSwfrdNyDvm;}}
]]rSwfrdygw,f bk&m;}}]]at;...awGUcsdefqHkcsdefvnf; wkdonhftwGuf OD;yÍöif;u
'umwdkYtay: wpfckom uwdawmif;vkdw,f? tJ'guawmh wPSm?&m*? ork',ac:wJh 'ku©jzpfaMumif;w&m;awGukd owdeJY? ynmeJY?onf;cHjcif;eJY rusL;vGefygbl;qkdwJh uwdyJ}}
OD;yÍöif;pum;qHk;awmh oHk;a,mufpvHk; wkdifyifrxm;ygbJESihfpum;oH wdwfumoGm;onf/ NyD;awmh OD;yÍöif;ukd armhumMunhfrdMuonf/ OD;yÍöif;u wpfcsufNyHK;onf/
]]tif;...OD;yÍöif;pum; odyfem;vnfMu[ef rwlbl;/ uJ...avmuoHk; vlYtoHk;pum;eJYajym&&ifawmh 'umwkdYrSm&SdwJh ynm?owd? onf;cHjcif; pwmawGeJY qefYusifbuf rmwkumrvkdYac:wJh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
22 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rdef;rawGukd a&SmifusOfyghr,fqkdwJh uwdukd awmif;aewmyJuGJU}}]]tm...tJ'gawmh rjzpfbl;xifw,f bk&mh}}]]'gawmh rvG,fbl;bk&mh}}]]r wifyghygbk&m;}}olwkdYoHk;a,mufpvHk; pum;qHk;awmh OD;yÍöif;u pdwfqkd;
oGm;[efwlonf/]][Jh...trkdufqHk;awG&JU/ 'D...wPSm? &m*? ork',qkdwm
oHo&mukd tcgcgvnfapNyD; opömav;yg;ukd tem;rS roDEkdifatmifvkyfaewJh udpöawG[Jh/ 'DudpöawGukdrS ra&Smifcsifbl;qkd&if...}}
]]t&Sifbk&m;...t&Sifbk&m;...qGrf;bkOf;ay;awmfrlyg bk&m;/qGrf;csdefvGefygawmhr,f bk&m;}}
olwkdYoHk;OD; aMumifaewkef;...ckeu qif;oGm;onhf ausmif;om;u ta&;wBuD;a&mufvmum OD;yÍöif;ajc&if;odkY acgif;csumajymavonf/
]]aeprf;...a&TuJ&JU/ 'DrSm 'DtrdkufqHk;awGu...}}]]onf;cHawmfrlygbk&m;/ qGrf;csdefvGefygvdrhfr,fbk&mh? onf;
cHyg}}odkYESihfyif olwkdYoHk;OD; touf½SLacsmifum x&yf&if; yef;uef
cGufa,muf xkwfoluxkwf? aomufawmfa& uyfoluuyfESihftvkyf½IyfoGm;Muonf/ 'Dawmhvnf; OD;yÍöif;u qGrf;tuyfcHum£a`E´&& qGrf;bkOf;ay;onf/
qGrf;bkOf;ay;NyD;awmh OD;yÍöif;u udk,f½Hkukd oyfoyf&yf&yfjzpfatmif jyef½Hk&if;...
]]ukdif;...a&TuJ/ OD;yÍöif;vnf; q&mawmfbk&m;qD <uzkdY&Sdao;w,f/ 'Dawmh...OD;yÍöif;ukd ay;xm;wJh uwdukdawmh xdef;aph
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 23
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
csifw,f}}]]wifyghbk&m;/ pdwfcsygbk&m;}}]]tif;...[kd'umawGuvnf; tck OD;yÍöif;awmif;wJ h
uwdukd wpfcgwnf; ray;EkdifMuaomfvnf; aemif awGUwJhtcgay;EkdifzkdYtwGuf pOf;pm;xm;Muyg.../ [kwfNyDvm;/ ukdif;...OD;yÍöif;<ur,f}}
olwkdYoHk;OD;pvHk; ukd,f&onhfae&mawGrSm armarmESihf yufvufvSefum vSJaevkdufMuonf/ a&TuJqkdonhf bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;uawmh yef;uefawG? ZGef;awGaq;um xef;vsufaygufaygufqkyfav;ig;vHk;udk a&ESihfaomufumaeonfukd awGU&\/ NyD;awmh olodyfvkdcsifcJhaom av0ifavxGufaumif;onhf jywif;aygufeHab;uckwifay:rSm vSJumcsonf/
]]rif; xrif;rpm;cJh&ao;bl;vm;}}]][kwfw,f.../ xrif;u wpfyGJyJ&cJhvdkY}}]][m...vrf;xdyfuqkdifrSm r&Sdawmhbl;vm;}}]]r&Sdawmhbl;/ tJ'DwpfyGJawmif vk0,fvmcJh&wm}}]]oGm;ygNyDuGm/ 'DaeYawmh xrif;iwfygNyD/ awmuf...
vlawGu wpfrsKd;? bkef;BuD;u wpfrsKd;eJYuGm}}wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;qHk;awmh a&TuJu 0kef;ceJ tdyf
ae&mrS xum&yfonf/]]cifAsm;...bmpum;ajymwmvJ/ usKyfq&mawmfu cifAsm;
ukd bm'ku©ay;vkdYvJ/ cifAsm;...pum;ukd Munhfajymaemf/ usKyfq&mawmfukd rapmfum;eJY}}
½kwfw&uf wif;rmoGm;aom tajctaeaMumihf rkd;ausmfwkdYyg vJae&mu xMu&onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
24 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]r[kwfygbl;...a,mufz&m/ rif;q&mawmfu oDvay;aeawmh wkdYvnf; x&cufwmaygh/ wkdYvnf; rif;eJYra&S;raESmif;bJa&mufwmqkdawmh xrif;qmaeMuwm/ tJ'gukd olu ajymwmyga,mufz&m}}
]]bma,mufzvJ...bma,mufzvJ/ cifAsm; xyfapmfum;jyefNyDvm;}}
]][m...r[kwfygbl; oli,fcsif;&m/ a,mufzqkdwm olu&if;&if;ESD;ESD; &Sdw,fqkdwJhoabmeJY oHk;wmyg/ tyDtjyif a,mufzukdajymwmr[kwfygbl;/ cGihfvTwfyg a,muf...tJ...oli,fcsif;&m}}
0if;Ek difqk dolu 0ifajymawmhrS a&TuJ NidrfumoGm;\/a,mufzac:,HkeJY 'Davmuf a'goBuD;aevQifawmh &efukeftxmreyfolwpfa,mufqdkwm tm;vHk;u oabmaygufvkdufMuonf/
]]'gqdk&if NyD;a&m/ usKyfrSm ESra&m tpfra&m r&Sdbl;/'gayr,hf a,mufzawmh rac:eJY/ rBudKufbl;}}
]]uJyg...oli,fcsif;&m/ wkdYu wpfaqmifwnf;ae rdwfaqGawGyJ/ rif;vnf; xrif; rpm;&ao;bl;? igwkdYvnf; rpm;&ao;bl;qkd&if ]a&TMu,f} ukd oGm;&atmif/ tJ'DrSm vufzufxrif;eJYvufzuf&nfaomuf&if; tcsif;csif;vnf; rdwfquf&wmaygh/raumif;bl;vm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 25
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uîeuîeuîeuîeuîe
aumif;uifonf ydef;&GufEkuav;vkd tpdrf;ajyajyuav;&Sdaeonf/ ol&Sd&m urÇmwpfjcrf;vHk; wdwfqdwfaeaomfvnf;aMumufp&maumif;aom oef;acgif,H\ wdwfqdwfjcif;rsKd;r[kwf/at;csrf;om,maom tm½Hkwuf\ El;nHhaom wdwfqdwfjcif;rsKd;omjzpfavonf/ a&TuJ&ifxJwGif vIdufceJaeatmif MunfEl;oGm;aomfvnf; qm;vif;BuD; bkef;BuD;ausmif;wkef;uvdk olYa&SUrSmaMu;oGef;ukd,fawmf bk&m;&Sif r&Sdyg/ rHk&GmrS rEÅav;wufpOfur[mjrwfrkedbk&m;rS 0,fvmaom 2.5þ _ 3.5þ qkd'f&Sd yvyfpwpftkyfxm;onhf r[mjrwfrkedbk&m;yHkawmfwpfckom &Sdygonf/
ae&ma'oopf\ txdtawGUaMumihf a&TuJ apmapmEdk;vmonf/ wdwfqdwfNidrf;csrf;aom t½kPfEkEku olYpdwfukd ñTwfEl;aponf/ r[mjrwfrkedyHkawmfu olYukd Nidrf;csrf;aponf/ olYvufESpfzufu tvkdvdk &iftpyfodkY o'´gt[kef yDwdtyHkESihf a&mufumoGm;\/
]]Moumo...Moumo...Moumo/um,uH...0pDuH...raemuH...oAÁa'go cyfodrf;ukef
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
26 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
aom tjypfwkdYukd aysmufygapjcif; tusKd;iSm? yxr? 'kwd,? wwd,?wpfBudrf? ESpfBudrf? oHk;Budrfajrmufatmif bk&m;&wem? w&m;&wem?oHCm&wem...}}
]][m...a[haumif/ b,fvkdjzpfwmwkef;/ bmjzpf&wmwkef;uGm...'ku©ygyJ/ bmjzpfvkdY 'Davmuf atmfaewmvJuG}}
]]bmjzpfvkdYvJAsm/ uRefawmf bk&m;&Sdcdk;aewmav}}]][m;...&Sdckd;&ifvnf; ckd;ayghuGm/ bmjzpfvdkY 'Davmufatmf
ae&mwmvJ/ aoa&mayghuGm}}wpfzufckwifqDu rkd;ausmfESihf 0if;EkdifwdkYvnf; Ekd;um
vmMuonf/ a&TuJ...pdwfnpfum oGm;onf/ eHeufapmapmMunfEl;cJh&wJh pdwfuav; b,fa&mufoGm;rSef; rodawmh/
]]bk&m;&Sdckd;oHMum;vdkY aor,fqkd&ifvnf; cifAsm;aovkdufygawmhAsm/ wu,fvdkY tukodkvfBuD;BuD; vkyfrxm;bl;qkd&ifawmhi&Ju vGwfrSmyg}}
]]a[haumif rif; ighukd r&GJUeJY}}]]usKyfu &GJUwmr[kwfbl;/ usKyfu ukokdvftrIukd jyKae
wm/ tJ'Dukodkvfukd aESmihf,Suf&if bmvJ/ tukodkvfAs.../ od&JUvm;}}
]][m...jyóemawmh rwufMuygeJYAsm/ a&TuJvnf; rSefygw,f/ bk&m;&Sdckd;wmyJ.../ 'gayrJh uRefawmfwkdYtm;vHk;u taqmifukd'DaeYrS a&mufwmqdkawmh c&D;yef;ayr,hf ½kwfw&uf tdyfraysmfbl;Asm/ t½kPfwufrSm tdyfaysmfr,fBuHwkef; a&TuJtoHu us,fawmhvefYEkd;NyD; olu ajymwmaerSmyg/ taqmifqkdawmh toHuvnf;vkHaewmukd;...}}
0if;Ekdif\pum;aMumihf a&TuJ wpfcsufawmh awGumoGm;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 27
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
onf/ [kwfonf/ t&ifu Z&yfwpfaqmifvHk;rSm olwpfa,mufwnf; aecJh&onf/ ol MunfndKorQudk toHtpGrf;ukefjzihf ylaZmfí&onf/ usefonhfukd,fawmfawG tdyf,mu vefYEkd;apOD;? bk&m;0wfjyKoHrdkY jyóemr&SdvS/ tcku ukd,fawmfwpfyg;rS ryg/ vlawG/]a&TuJ a&mrukd a&mufae&if a&mrvkd usihf[}qkdaom q&mhawmfqHk;rpum;ukd em;xJ jyefMum;&onf/ taqmifudk a&mufvQiftaqmifvdk usihf&rSmaygh/
]]tJ'gqkdvnf; uefawmhAsm/ uRefawmfu t½kPfwufrSmEkd;vmNyD; yDwdjzpfwJhpdwfeJY bk&m;ukd tm½HkjyKrdwmyg}}
]][m...ukda&TuJudkvnf; bk&m;0wfrjyK&bl; rajymygbl;/jyKyg.../ 'gayr,hf wkd;wkd;awmh vkyfygAsm/ tJ'gav;yg}}
'DvkdESihf jyóemu ajyvnfumoGm;\/ a&TuJ rlvtoHxufedrfhum bk&m;0wfjyK&onf/ t½kPfOD;rSm &onhfyDwduav;awmh enf;enf;avsmhoGm;onf[k a&TuJ xifygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
28 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
csnfom;bavmuf tusÐvufjywfcg;wifuav;ESihf ½kd;½kd;o&ufxnfvHkcsnfukd 0wfum vmaom rkd;pkd;ukd oli,fcsif;awGuNyHK;NyD; Munhfaeuwnf;u olwkdYajymrnhfpum;ukd rk d;pkd; BudKíodaeygonf/
]]xGifwmvm;...}}rdk;pkd; bmpum;rS rajymbJ olwkdYESihftwl 0ifum xkdifonf/
acrma&m omomyg emrnfBuD; ݱ³°¿²§ wpfck\ wHqdyfygtusÐudk,fpD 0wfxm;Muonf/ tdwfukd,fpDvnf; vG,fxm;Mu\/rkd;pkd;uawmh ½kd;½kd;tusÐ? o&ufxnfvHkcsnfESihf tif;av;pmwrf;ygtjzLa&mif vG,ftdwfuav;ukd vG,fumxm;onf/
]]wkdY 'Dvkd tpGrf;ukefBuJr,fqkdwm odxm;vkdY rkd;pkd; wkdYukdwrif&GJUwm r[kwfvm;}}
]]r[kwfygbl;...acrm&m/ ukd,fu zuf&SifawG 'DZkdif;awGukdpdwf0ifpm;w,fqkdwm rif;wkdYvnf; od&JUom;eJY/ zuf&SifeJY'DZkdif;qkdwmutaumif;pm;awGcsnf;yJ 0wfwmukd ajymwmr[kwfbl;uG/ olYae&meJYol tqifajyatmif qif,ifwmukd ajymwm/ tJ'DtodÓPf&Sd&if½kd;½kd;uav;awGeJYvnf; vSatmif qifvkdY&ygw,fuGm}}
]]tif;...ausmif;pwufwJhaeY q&mawGu Ô¿½¬«®» ray;vdkYaysmfaewm/ ckrS Ô¿½¬«®»q&mtppfeJY vmawGUaeyghvm;/ [kwfy&Sif[kwfy/ uRefrwkdYu &Sihfavmuf rvSygbl;/ odvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 29
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]r[kwfbl;uG? ukd,fhqkdvkdcsufukd rif;wdkY oabmraygufbl;/Ú¿¸·±² tjrif 'DZkdif;tjrifeJYMunhfr,fqkd&if ½kyfqkd;wJholqkdwm r&Sdbl;/0wfvkdY rvSwJhtusÐqkdwmvnf; r&Sdbl;/ olYae&meJYol tHr0ifwmbJ&Sdw,f/ OyrmuGm...}}
]]uJ...'DOyrmu awmfawmfav;&Snfr,hf Oyrmjzpf&r,f/'Dawmh Ý¿²¬»»² av; bmav; xkdif&if; tpm;pm;&f; qufaqG;aEG;wm ydkaumif;r,f}}
omomhpum;aMumihf tm;vHk; xkdifae&mrS xvdkufMuonf/rkd;pkd;u i,fi,fuav;wnf;u 'DZkdif;awG? ta&mifawGukd pdwf0ifpm;ol jzpfonf/ uav;b0wkef;u olYrSm&Sdonhf t½kyfuav;awGtm;vHk;ukd olukd,fwkdif tusÐcsKyfay;wwfonf/ ararhydwfptykdawGazazh½Hk;u puúLa&mifpHkawG wpfckrS rusefap&/
wpfywfMumvQif t½kyfwpf½kyfpDukd aemufxyf tusÐopfwpfxnfpD/ BuD;vmawmh pufcsKyfoifwef; wufonf/ Ú¿¸·±²ESihfywfoufaom pmawGudk zwfonf/ EkdifiHjcm;rSm&Sdonhf azazhqDuÚ¿¸·±² ESihf Ü»·¹² pmtkyfawGukd vSrf;rSmum zwfonf/
xkdYaMumihf rdk;pkd;onf tvSBuD;r[kwfaomfvnf; trsm;tjrifwGif tNrJwrf; tvSqHk;jzpfaeavh&Sdonf/
ausmif;pwuf&onhfaeY ausmif;om;wpfa,muf\ wuf<ujcif;rsKd;ESihf a&TuJ pmoifcef;rokdY 0ifonf/ oiforQpmawGukda&;vkdufrnf? rSwfvkdufrnfqkdaom pdwfESihf olY&ifu ckefvsuf&Sd\/odkYaomf q&mawGu r0if/ ausmif;om;awGuvnf; 0ifvkduf?xGufvkduf? &,farmvkduf? aemufajymif atmf[pfvdkufESihf/ pmtkyfESihf abmhvfyifukd xkwfum bvufbkwfukd pdwftm;xufoefpGmai;&if; NidrfNidrfxkdifaeolqkdí a&TuJwpfa,mufom &Sdonf/ q&m
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
30 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wpfa,muf 0ifvmaomfvnf; pmroif/ rdwfquf½HkrQom/'geJY a&TuJ tjyifodkYxGufum tHhMop&maumif;aom ausmif;
BuD;udk avQmufai;aerdonf/ ol pmjrefjrefESihfrsm;rsm;wwfcsifygonf/'grS olY&Gmukd ol jyefum wGJbufausmif;q&mjzpfrnf/ q&mawmfuausmif;xkdifq&mawmf jzpfrnf/ 'g...q&mawmf\ tjzpfcsifqHk;qE´ESihf ol tvkyfcsifqHk; tvkyfjzpfonf/
awG;&if;ai;&if; a&TuJ uifwif;em; a&mufoGm;onf/rsm;vkdufwJhqkdifawG/ &Gmbk&m;yGJxufyif rsm;ao;onf[k ol xifonf/ NydK;NydK;jyufjyuf 0wfxm;onhf &G,fwlaumifrav;awG?aumifav;awGuvnf; w½kef;½kef;/
]]vm...tpfudkvm...bmpm;rvJ/ 0ifxkdiftpfukd/ xrif;aMumf? xrif;aygif;? NrD;&Snf? tokwfpHk? qDcsuf? tat;tyltukef&Sdw,f/ vm...0ifxkdifygtpfukd}}
aumifrav;wpfa,mufac:ojzihf a&TuJ a,mifawmifawmifESihf qkdifxJ a&mufoGm;onf/ awGUonhfcHkrSm 0ifxkdifonf/q,fayom&S daom qkdi fuav;wpfqk di fESih f wpfqkdi f Mum;uk dwpfvufropfom;jym;uav;awGESihf rsufESmuG,f½Hk ½kdufumxm;\/&efukefrSm 'Dvkd vlukd twif;ac:NyD; qkdifxJa&muf? pm;aomufNyD;rSaps;tqrwef awmif;wwfonf[k bBuD;0if;atmif NrdKUujyefvmwkef;u ajymzl;onf/ rpm;cif aps;t&ifar;zkdY ol owdxm;&rnf[kawG;aewkef;...
]]tpfudk rSmNyD;NyDvm;/ bmrSmrvJ tpfukd}}]]xrif;aMumf.../ bmtom;rS rxnhfeJY/ wpfyGJb,favmuf
vJ}}]]cifAsm...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 31
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJu aemufwpfacguf xyfum ajymjyonf/ pm;yGJxkd;av; pdwfnpfoGm;yHk&onf/ ausmif;xJrSm aps;ar;pm;aom ausmif;om;wpfa,mufrS ol rawGUbl;ao;/ NyD;awmh xrif;aMumfukdbmtom;rS rxnhfeJYwJh/
]]oufoufvGwfvm; tpfukd}}]]rvGwfbl;/ tom;rxnhfeJYajymwmAsm/ wpfyGJb,favmuf
vJ}}pm;yGJxkd;av; pdwfnpfum acgif;ukwf&if; bmrSrajymbJ
xGufumoGm;\/ a&TuJvnf; aMumifawmifawmifESihf usefcJhonf/aps;rajymbJ vmcsay;vdkYuawmh vHk;0 rpm;bl;[k ol qHk;jzwfvkdufonf/
a&TuJ xkdokdYjzpfaeonfukd wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYtzGJUuawGUovkd? rkd;pkd;wkdYtzGJUuvnf; vSrf;awGUum rSwfrdoGm;NyDjzpfonf/a&TuJuawmh rnfolYukdrS rawGU/ olYxHukd xrif;aMumfa&mufvmvQif aps;ar;&rnf[kom awG;&if; vSrf;Munhfvkdufawmh? olYeHab;opfom;jym;uav;awG umxm;aom wpfbufqkdifrSm xkdifaeonhfaumifrav;wpfa,mufESihf rsuf0ef;csif; oGm;qHkonf/ aumifrav;u vSojzihf cPvSrf;ai;aewkef; olYukd wpfcsufxyfMunhfojzihfa&TuJ uref;uwef; rsufESmvTJypfvkdufonf/ rm,mrsm;aom rmwk*grawGukd oufxufqHk; a&SmifusOfygrnf[k q&mawmfxH uwdcHxm;onf r[kwfvm;/
]]eif...ighukd bmjzpfvkdY vkdufMunhfaewmvJ}}]]cifAsm...}}wpfbufrS aumifrav;toHaMumihf a&TuJ vefYum &ifxJ
xdyfoGm;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
32 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]atmifrm.../ ½l;csifa,mif tckrS aqmifraeeJY/ eifMunhfwm igrodbl; rSwfvdkYvm;}}
xyfay:vmonhf pum;oHcyfwif;wif;aMumihf a&TuJ vdyfjymvGihfovdk cHpm;vdkuf&\/ 'ku©ygyJ/
]]rMunhfygbl;cifAsm...rMunhfygbl;/ uRefawmf trSwfwrJhyg}}
]][m;...[m;...[m;.../ uJ...&Sdapawmh...&Sdapawmh/ eifbmvkyfvkyf ighudk nmvkdYr&bl;/ ig tNrJwrf; odaew,fqkdwmNrJNrJrSwfxm;}}
]][m...uRefawmhfukd odw,f[kwfvm;/ bmvJ...cifAsm;q&mawmfeJY trsKd;awmfvdkYvm;}}
]]pum;r&SnfeJY/ nae eif tm;vm;}}a&TuJ wkefvIyfoGm;onf/ ol wpfcgrS rjrifbl;onhf
rdef;uav;u nae olYukd tm;ovm;wJh/ olYtaMumif;udkvnf;tukefodaeonf[k xkdrdef;uav;u ajymaeonf/ ol aumifrav;ukdvSrf;umMunhfonf/ aumifrav;uvnf; olYudk wpfcsufMunhf\/ol bmvkyf&rnfenf;/ a&TuJ avoHukd avQmhNyD; opfom;jym;uav;awGem; uyfum ar;&onf/
]]cifAsm;u q&mawmhfqD oGm;rSmvm;}}wpfbufrS bmpum;oHrS wHk YjyefoHrMum;&/ a&TuJu
tumukd em;jzihfuyfum em;axmifonf/ a&TuJ\ tjzpfukdMunhfum rkd;pkd;wkdYtzGJUa&m wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYtzGJUyg tlwufrwwf&,farmaeMuonfukd a&TuJ rod/
trSefawmh wpfbufqkdifrSm xkdifaeonhf aumifrav;uÝ»´´«´¿® ydpdauG;uav;ESihf olYbmom pum;ajymaejcif;jzpfonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 33
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]eifajymwm ig r&Sif;bl;/ bmvJ}}]]q&mawmhfqDukd oGm;rSmvm;vdkY ajymwm}}a&TuJ tem;uyfum cyfus,fus,fajymonf/]]atmifrm.../ eifu ighukd bmpum;ajymwmvJ/ vJao
vkdufygvm;/ tJ'DaumifqDoGm;zkd Y igu eihfukd csdef;&rSmvm;/oGm;csif&if ighbmom oGm;rSmaygh[Jh}}
]][m.../ cifAsm; apmfum;vScsnfvm;/ usKyf q&mawmfukdcifAsm;u taumifawG bmawGeJY/ cifAsm; Ak'¨bmom0if r[kwfbl;vm;/ ½kdif;vScsnfvm;}}
tajctaeu awmfawmf½IyfaxG;um awmfawmfqkd;oGm;onf/ a'gowBuD;jzpfaeaom a&TuJukd wifarmifrif;odrf;wkdYuqGJac:umoGm;onf/ bmrSe f;rodbJ tltlaMumifaMumifESih f&efawGUcHvdkuf&aom o&zDqdkonhf aumifrav;udkawmh rkd;pkd;tkyfpku t&,fwpf0uf? tm;em;jcif;wpf0ufESihf &Sif;um jyMu&onf/'DawmhrS o&zDu r,Hkwpf0uf ,Hkwpf0ufjzihf...
]][if...[kwfvm;/ o&zDu [kdbufrSm &efjzpfae&wmqkdawmh ukd,hfaZmeJYukd,f rodvdkufbl;/ o&zDajymwJh pum;awGuoleJYqkdifvkdYvm;}}
]]b,fqkdifEkdifyghrvJ/ ol a&SUqHk;wpfcGef;rdoGm;awmh usefwmawGukd tqifajyatmif vdkufajym&if;eJY aemufqHk;usrS jyóemwufwm}}
omomu &Sif;jyawmhrS o&zDvnf; &Sif;oGm;um &,f&,farmarmjzpfumoGm;onf/ 'DawmhrS rkd;pkd;u [if;qkdiftaMumif;ESihfxrif;aMumf rSmonhftaMumif;rsm;ukd ajymjyawmh ydkí aysmfp&m&,fp&m aumif;oGm;Muonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
34 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
[kdwpfbufrSmawmh jyóemu rajyvnf/]]olu uRefawmhfq&mawmfukd apmfum;wmAs/ uRefawmfu
auseyf&rSmvm;/ cifAsm;wkdYu bmrS rMum;ygbl;Asm/ usKyfukdapmfum;csifapmfum; q&mawmhfukdawmh rapmfum;eJY}}
]]rif;udkvnf; rajymbl;? q&mawmfukdvnf; ajymwmr[kwfygbl;uGm/ aumifrav;u olYbmom и±²» ajymaewmyg/tJ'gukd rif;u...}}
]][m;...[m;...[m;...[m;.../ cifAsm;wkd Y usKyfukdawmom;qkdNyD; nmcsrvkdYvm;/ usKyf и±²» qufzl;w,fAs/jrifvnf; jrifzl;w,f/ 'Daumifrav;rSm bm и±²» rS r&Sdbl;/usKyfq&mawmfukd oufoufapmfum;wm}}
a&TuJu rkd;ausmfvufrS vGwfatmif½kef;um a'gowBuD;atmfonf/ olYyHkpHu vdktyfvQif rdk;ausmfwkdYukdyg &efvkyfawmhrnfhyHkpHjzpfum ae\/ xkdtajctaeusrS wpfavQmufvHk; bmrS rajymcJhaom 0if;Ekdifu 0ifonf/
]]uJ...a&TuJ/ 'Daumifrav; tJ'Dae&mrSm &Sdvdrhfr,fOD;r,fvdkYigxifw,f/ tJ'Dukd jyefoGm;NyD; olY и±²» qkdwmukd igwkdYujy&ifaum...}}
]]pdefvkdufav.../ tJ'D и±²» qkdwm uRefawmf ,Hkatmifomjy}}
rdk;pkd;wkdYESihfo&zD cifrif&if;ESD;pGm rdwfquftNyD; jyefa&mufvmaomtkyfpkukd Munfh&if; rdk;pkd; oabmaygufum oGm;onf/olwdkY 0ifxkdifNyD;onftxd pdk;rdk; tomwMunf vufcHvkdufygonf/
wifatmifrif;odrf;uvnf; &Suf&SufESihf acgif;ukd iHkYumpum;p&onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 35
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]'DvkdAsm.../ 'Daumifu tJ'gukd и±²» r[kwfbl;vdkYbJajymaew,f/ awmif;yefygw,fAsm/ uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk;u 0dkif;ajymayr,fh...}}
rkd;pkd; wpfcsufNyHK;vkdufonf/ и±²» uav;ukd ukdifuma'gojzpf½HkrSwpfyg; bmajym&rSef; rodawmhaom o&zDbufodkYvufum jyvkduf&if;...
]]aumif;NyDav...&ygw,f/ uJ...&SifwkdYxJu и±²» eHygwfwpfckajym.../ rdk;pkd; tck ac:ay;vdkufr,f/ o&zD wkdYukd и±²»cP...}}
rkd;pkd;u o&zDhxHrS и±²» ukd ,lNyD;onhftxd wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY bmajym&rSef;rod/ olwdkYrSm ac:p&m ajymp&m и±²»eHygwfr&Sd/
]]udkif;.../ cifAsm;&JU tJ'D[mu и±²» qkd&if usKyfq&mawmfqDom ac:Asm...}}
]]eHygwfb,favmufvJ}}]]572106 at;csrf;pmoifwkduf/ q&mawmf OD;0drvukd
a&TuJu ac:w,fvdkYom avQmufay;}}rdk;pkd;u wpfcsufNyHK;um и±²» eHygwfrsm;ukd oGufvufpGm
ESdyfonf/ tm;vHk;u wdwfqdwfaeMu\/ a&TuJwpfa,mufom]uJ...qufEkdifMuao;&JUvm;} [laom rsufESmESihf NyHK;NyHK;BuD;&Sdonf/o&zDuvnf; pdwf½Iyfjcif;? &Sufjcif;wkdYaMumihf acgif;ukd iHkYumxm;onf/ odkYaomf...xkdtcsdefrSmyif...
]][kwfuJh...572106 uygvm;&Sif/ [kwfuJh.../ uRefrq&mawmf OD;0drvukd pum;rSmcsifvdkY avQmufxm;ay;yg&Sif}}
]]cifAsm; rnmeJYaemf}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
36 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]a&TuJ.../ aeprf;uGm}}rkd;ausmfu twif;wm;onf/]]uRefr rnmygbl;/ q&mawmfrdefY&if &Sihfudk ay;rSmyg/
a[m'Dvdk em;rSmuyfxm;aemf odvm;/ aMomf...[kwfuJhyg&Sif/q&mawmf OD;0drvvm;&Sif.../ [kwfuJh.../ 'DrSm pum;ajymcsifvkdYyg/ uJ...ajym...}}
rkd;pkd; vSrf;ay;onhf и±²» ukd rukdifwwfojzihf [kd'DvGJaeao;onf/ tm;vHk;u 0kdif;atmfum em;ESihf;yg;pyfem;awhumay;&\/ a&TuJ&ifawG w'def;'def;ckefumaepOfrSm q&mawmhftoHu[def;aeatmif olYem;xJrSm ay:umvm\/
]]a[h...b,folwkef;uG/ b,frmwk*grvJ/ a[h...ar;aewm rMum;bl;vm;}}
q&mawmh ftoHrS toHtppfjzpfaMumif; a&TuJ vHk;0oHo, r&Sdawmhojzihf aMumuf&GHUpdwfu vnfrsKdodkY wkd;aqmihfumwufvmonf/
]]t...t&Sif &Sif...bk&m;/ wynhfawmf...awmfyg bk...bk&m;}}
]][Jh...b,ftaumifwkef;/ b,folwkef;}}]]a&T...a&T...a&Tygbk&m;}}aMumufvGef;ojzihf a&TuJ x&yfonf/ xkdifonf/ NyD;awmh
jyef&yfjyefonf/ aMumufvGef;ojzihf olYemrnfukdyif tptqHk;rajymEkdifawmh/ eHab;u &,foHawGudkvnf; rxdrf;Ekdifawmh/
]][Jh...a&TuJ...[if/ eif ighaus;Zl;ukd qyfwmvm;/eihfuwdukd eifzsufovm;/ 'DaeYrS ausmif;wufwm wpf&uf&Sdao;rmwk*gru ighqD и±²» quf&ovm;/ eifhtdyf,mvdyfjyif/ tck
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 37
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
qm;vif;BuD;ukd jyefacsawmh}}q&mawmhfusdef;oHaMumihf a&TuJ tvdkvdk vuftkyfcsDrdoGm;
onf/ aq;vdyfbl;cGHavmuf&Sdaom ypönf;uav;xJu toHonfq&mawmfhtoHjzpfaMumif; ol usdef;aoodygonf/
]]r[kwfygbk&m;...r[kwfygbk&m;/ wynhfawmf rmwk*grawGeJY rywfoufygbk&m;/ q&mawmhfukd owd&vdkYygbk&m;}}
]]awmf...a&TuJ/ pdefuJ? ausmufuJxuf a&TuJtaMumcwf&wm igrSm;NyDa[h/ eif qm;vif;BuD;udk tckjyef.../ eifowd&vdkY ighukd qufp&mvm;/ ta&;&SdrS ta&;BuD;rS qufvdkYajymxm;w,f r[kwfvm;/ eif odyfowd&&if wrvGefu eihftazeJYtarhqD qufygvm;...acG;om;&JU/ ighodu©m b,fem;oGm;xm;&rvJ}}
]]rSefvSygbk&m;/ aooGm;wJh tazeJYtar и±²» eHygwfwynhfawmfrS rodwmbk&m;/ onf;cHygbk&m;.../ onf;cHyg}}
a&TuJ ajrBuD;ESihf ezl;wkdufum и±²» ukdudkif&if; OD;ckdufaeonf/ ckeu &,faeolawG r&,fEkdifawmh/ txl;ojzihf olY и±²»wpfckckESihf aqmifhrdrSmukd awG;um o&zDu ydkr&,fEkdifawmh/ xkdpOfrSmyif a&TuJvufxJrS и±²» ukd rkd;pkd;u twif;vkum ,lvkdufonf/tm;vHk; rSifoufum aMumifMunhfae\/ a&TuJuawmh t½IH;BuD;½IH;oGm;aom olYb0 ysufNyD[kyif awG;vkdufrdavonf/
]]wifygh t&Sifbk&m;}}]]..........}}]]wifyghbk&m;.../ r[kwfygbl;bk&mh/ onf;cHawmfrlygbk&m;/
wynhfawmfrwdkYu qufoG,fa&;Xmeu wm0efeJY vmae&wJh и±²»ygbk&m;/ wifyghbk&m;}}
]]..........}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
38 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]wifyghbk&m;? wynhfawmfrwkdYu olay;wJh и±²» eHygwfudkvkdif;wifNyD; wpfbufu ukdifrukdif? vl&Sdr&Sd ac:ay;&ygw,fbk&m;/t&Sifbk&m;r,Hk&if vrf;qHkwkdif;? vlpnfum;&mwkdif;rSm Munhfygbk&m;/wynhfawmfrwdkY xD;uav;awGeJY &Sdygw,fbk&m;}}
]].........}}]]'guawmh wynhfawmfr wm0efygbk&m;}}]]........}}]]wynfhawmfr rkom;rqkd0Hhygbk&m;/ ckeuvl pum;ajym
csifvdkYom wynhfawmfru wm0eft& ac:ay;wm trSefygbk&m;}}]].......}}]]wifyghbk&m;}}rkd;pkd;u и±²» ukd ydwfum o&zDhukd jyefay;onf/tm;vHk; wpfrdepfeD;yg; Nidrfum aeMu\/ yxrOD;qHk;
owd0ifvmolu a&TuJomjzpfonf/]]q&mawmfu bmajymvJ[if/ q&mawmfu...}}]]awmfNyD.../ &Sihfukdawmh uRefr vHk;0 vufvefoGm;NyD/
rvG,fygvm;/ &Sif[m awmfawmfjyóem&SmwJh vlyJ/ д»¿»o&zDa&.../ a&mh...и±²» / wkdYu awmif;yef&awmhrSmyJ}}
]]&ygw,f.../ rkd;rkd;pkd; u,fayvdkYaygh/ o&zDqkd 'ku©yJ}}]]'DrSm.../ usKyfq&mawmfu rmwk*grawGukd pum;ajymwm
r[kwfbl;As/ cifAsm;ukd bmawGajymoGm;vJ/ bmwJhvJ.../ usKyf...usKyfukd jyóemwufatmif rvkyfeJYaemf}}
rdk;pkd; 0kef;ceJ x&yfvkdufonf/rdk;ausmfESihf wifatmifrif;odr;fuvnf; x&yfygonf/]]uRefawmfwdkY em;vnfygw,fAsm/ aus;Zl;vnf; wifyg
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 39
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
w,f}}]][kwfygw,fAsm.../ [kwfygw,f}}]][kwfNyDav.../ 'gqkd &SifwkdYvludk &Sif;jyvdkufawmh/ uJ...
acrm? omom...oGm;&atmif...o&zD...}}rdk;pkd; csmceJ vSnhfxGufcJhonf/ aemufrSm [kdvlYatmfoHukd
Mum;&ao;\/ ausmif;pwufonhfaeY olYtvS? olY&ifckefoHutvum;jzpfoGm;ygvm;/ xkdpOf o&zDu olYvufukd zsyfceJukdifonf/
]]pdwfraumif;vkdufwm...rdk;rdk;pkd;&,f/ tJ'Daumif[mav...wu,fyJ odvm;/ iaMumifyg rkd;rdk;pkd;&,f.../ aemf}}
]]aemufwpfcGef;xyfwkd;vkdufr,f o&zD/ i½l;...iaMumifvkdY?'gayr,hf wefygw,f.../ ukd,feJY o&zDeJY cifcGihf&wmav}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 41
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uí euí euí euí euí e
]][if.../ 'gqkd&if tJ'DaeYu olYq&mwmfukdyJ qGrf;uyfNyD;olu rpm;awmhbl;aygh.../ [kwfvm;}}
]]xef;vsufaygufaygufqkyfawGpm;NyD; a&aomuf&wmaygh/raeYuudpöu ol½kdif;w,fqdkwmxuf &efukeftxmukd odyfrodwm/olYq&mawmfukd t&rf;aMumufwmawGvnf; ygygw,fAsm}}
]]olYq&mawmfu i,fi,fuwnf;uwnf;u rdrJhzrJh olYukdarG;xm;wmqkdawmh rkd;rdk;pkd;&,f 'Daumifu...}}
]]&NyD..../ uRefr olYtaMumif; awmfawmfem;vnfoGm;ygNyD/uRefr em;rvnfao;wmu wpfckyJ ar;awmhr,f/ ajymjyrvm;}}
rdk;pkd;jzwfar;onhftwGuf wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYtkyfpk tcsif;csif; MunhfvkdufMuonf/ bkduav;rkd;ausmfu yg;pyftjynhf0g;aeaom uGrf;awGukd axG;rypfawmhbJ 0ifum ajym&onf/
]]rdk;pkd; ar;p&m&Sd&if ar;ygAsm/ uRefawmfwdkYu rkd;pkd;em;vnfatmif vm&Sif;jywmyg}}
]]'DudpöawGudk tJ'DvlrygbJ bmjzpfvdkY twif;vm&Sif;ae&wmvJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
42 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]cifAsm...}}bkduav;rdk;ausmf yg;pyfukdydwfum uGrf;wHawG;awGukd
xyfrsKdcsrdoGm;\/ omomu NyHK;&if;...]]rdk;pkd;u jrefrmvdk ar;wmaemf/ xyfajymjy&rvm;]]wifatmifrif;odrf;u qHyifawGukd oyfumwif&if; 0ifum
ajymonf/]]'D...'Daumifu rmwk*grawGeJY pum;rajymcsifbl;qkdwmeJY
uRefawmfwkdYu vm0if&Sif;jywmyg/ rdk;pkd;&JU pdwfxJrSm pdwfraumif;jzpfNyD; txifvGJaerSm uRefawmfwkdYu...}}
]]tJ'gqkd&if &ygNyD/ rdk;pkd; em;vnfNyDyJ xm;vkdufygawmh/&SifwkdY jyefvkdY&ygNyD}}
0if;Ekdifqkdolu yg;pyfwjyifjyifESihf wpfckckukd ajymrnfBuHaeao;\/ o&zDu NyHK;um...
]]&SifwkdYvludk uRefr jyóem bmrS xyfrvkyfawmhygbl;vdkYajymvkdufyg/ em;vnfay;vdkufygw,fvdkY/ uJ...'gqkd auseyfNyDvm;}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY x&yfonf/ trSefawmh olwdkYua&TuJukd ar;½Hkar;? &Sif;jy½Hk&Sif;jyum rkd;pkd;wkdYtkyfpkESihf w&m;0ifywfoufcsifojzihf twif;vm&Sif;jyaejcif;om jzpfonf/ a&TuJudpöukd ckwHk;vkyfum rkd;pkd;ukd ywfoufcsifaejcif;om jzpfonf/ tckawmholwdk YxGifvHk;uav; ratmifjrifojzih f atmifjrifpGmqkwfcGmzk d Ytaumif;qHk;pum;ukd a&G;&onf/
]]uRefawmfwkdYu auseyfNyD;om;ygAsm/ wpfausmif;wnf;om;csif;awGyJ/ oli,fcsif;vdkYyJ oabmxm;yg/ oGm;r,faemf}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY xGufoGm;onfESihf rkd;pkd;wkdY tm;&yg;&&,fMuonf/ o&zD\ tpfukdjzpfol ausmfpkd;uawmh rkd;pkd;wkdYESihftwl
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 43
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
vkdufr&,fbJ? cyfaxhaxhtNyHK;ukdom NyHK;onf/ olY (ëðï)abmif;bDtem;prSm ayaewJh zkefrIefYawGukd cgonf/ a'gufxlxlESihf olY½SL;zdeyf oyf&yfrS oyf&yf&JUvm;[k Munfhonf/ acgif;vdrf;qD &TJaeatmifvdrf;xm;aom olYqHyifawGukd pdwfrcsovdk vufjzihfyihfum wifonf/
trSwfwrJ hqH kNy D; nDtpfrawGvkd cifoGm;NyD; o&zDuolYtpfukdESihf rdwffqufray;cifuwnf;u wm0efausatmif olYtpfukdjzpfolonf aq;ausmif;om;? б³±¼»®² uAsmq&m?pum;txl;tqef;awG ajymwwfol[k BudKwifajymay;xm;ygonf/
]]'DaumifawGukd Munhf&wm yifv,furf;pyfu c½kcGHawGvkdyJ}}
rkd;pkd;tygt0if tm;vHk;ukd ausmfpkd;uk 0kdif;ai;Mu\/ ausmfpkd;&ifxJrSm awmfawmfyDwdjzpfoGm;onf/ ol pum;ajymNyD;vQif vlawGuolYukd 'Dvkd ai;MunhfwwfaomtMunhfukd ol t&rf;oabmusonf/olu б¬³±¼»®² uAsmq&m r[kwfvm;/
]]'Dvkd rdk;pkd;&JU.../ &Sif;jy&ifawmh t"dyÜm,fu ayghoGm;wmayghaemf/ б¬³±¼»®² qdkwm trsm;BuD; &Sif;rjy&bl;wJh/ 'gayr,hfukd,fuawmh &Sif;jyyghr,f/ yifv,furf;pyfrSm c½kcGHqkdwmu yHkoP²mefyJ wlMuwm? ta&miftaoG;u rwlbl;/ 'DvkdyJ 'DaumifawGtm;vHk;vnf; rdk;pkd;tay:rSm ta&miftaoG; rwlMubl;}}
xkdpum;rsm;ukd ausmfpkd;u olYqHyifukd oHk;cgoyf? olY½SL;zdeyfudk atmufcHMurf;jyifESihf av;cgaqmifh? olYvufESpfzufukd tBudrfESpfq,favmuf ½Iyf ,Sufcwfaeatmif jyKrl&if; &Sif;umjyonf/&Sif;jyae&if;uvnf; olYtoHu uav;wpfa,muftoHvkdvdk?rdef;uav;wpfa,muftoHvdkvdk u½kPmoufp&m jzpfoGm;ao;\/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
44 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rkd;rdk;pkd;u NyHK;onf/]][kwfw,f.../ c½kcGHawG[m wpfckeJYwpfck yHkoP²mefu
vGJvkdY ta&miftaoG; rwlMubl;/ 'gudk uRefr odygw,f/ uJ...udkausmfpkd;ua&m bmc½kcGHvJ...}}
rdk;pkd;pum;qHk;awmh tm;vHk; wdwfumoGm;onf/ ausmfpkd;ukdo&zDu rdwfqufay;onhfaeYuwnf;u ausmfpkd;onf rdk;rdk;pkd;ukdpdwf0ifpm;aeaMumif; tm;vHk;u odxm;onhftwGufjzpfonf/
]]ukd,fu opömeD&JU ta&;tom;awGvkd &Sif;vif;NyD; Aef;qihfAef*kd;&JU pkwfcsufawGvkd &J&ifh? armifacsmEG,f&JUuAsmawGvkd ½kd;om;wJhc½kcGHav;wpfcGHyg rdk;pkd;}}
o&zDu pdwfnpfnpfESihf rsufESmukd wpfbufodkY vTJonf/omomESihf acrmu a&SUukd Munhfaomfvnf; a&SUudk rjrif&bJausmfpkd;ajymonhf pum;vHk;awGukd &Da0pGm t"dyÜm,fazmfaeMuNyD;rdk;pkd;u xum&yfaeonf/
]]aumif;ygNyD&Sif.../ udkausmfpkd;&JU c½kcGHta&mifukd uRefrpOf;pm;NyD; aemufaeYrSm ajymyghr,f/ tckawmh jyefMu&atmifaemf}}
ik0ga&mif bavmufvufjywfuav;ESihf ydawmufEGrf;a&mifygwdwftqifuav;ukd 0wfxm;aom rdk;pkd; t&rf;vSaeonfqkdwmukd ausmfpkd; vHk;0 od&Sd&dyfrdoGm;ygonf/
]]ukdukdu bmawGajymrSef;vJ rodbl;/ 'geJY BudKufw,fqkd}}tm;vHk; xoGm;awmhrS o&zDu olYtpfukdukd rausreyfESihf
ar;jcif;jzpfygonf/ ausmfpdk;u olYnDrukd txifwao;MunhfumcyfaxhaxhNyHK;&if;...
]]nDrav;uvnf;.../ tonf;ESvHk;ukd yef;yGifheJYaygufwJhacwfu ukefoGm;NyD/ 'Dacwfu tifwmae&Sife,f wEkdvkd*sDacwf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 45
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
eHeufcif;tdyfrufawGukd yef;yGihfawGeJ Y rsufESmopf&wJhacwf/rdef;uav;wpfa,muf&JU &ifckefoHqkdwm [rfbm*gxJrS n§yfaewJhtom;p wpfprS [kwfwm}}
o&zDu acgif;ukd tBudrfESpfq,fausmfausmfavmufcgonf/ olYtpfukdESihf rkd;rdk;pkd;ukd rdwfqufay;rdwm rSm;NyD[k olawG;onf/ o&zD 'DvkdawGa0aewmukdyJ ausmfpkd;u 0rf;omauseyfum aeonf/
]]udkudk rkd;rdk;pkd;ukd vkdcsifw,fqkd&if 'Dpum;rsKd;awG rajymygeJY ukdukd&m...}}
]]'DrSm nDrav;.../ MuufOwpfvkH;ukd jyKwfzkd Y tcsdefoHk;rdepf Mumr,fqkd&ifawmifrS tJ'Dem&D[m pDwpfZifem&Djzpfzk dYrvdkbl;uG/ 'Dawmh nDrav;odxm;zkdYu udk,fuvnf; 'D zavmf&mewforD;uav;ukd cspfwJhtcspfu MuufOjyKwfovdkyJ/ ukd,fhrSmpDwDZifem&D rvkdygbl;/ [efaqmifrI rvkdygbl;/ uJ...tckyJMunhfukd,fu b,fvkdta&miftaoG;&SdwJh c½kcGHvJwJh/ 'g...olYESvHk;om;ukdb,foleJYrS rwlatmif ypfvkdufwJh ukd,hf&JUjrm;csufyJ/ tJ'gukdnDrav; jiif;rvm;/ 'DrSm...udkukdu olYukd cspfjcif;wpfajy;pmtaMumay;NyD; aemufuvkdufNyD; ypfcsifwJh rkqkd;yg/ MuufOukdjyKwfzkdY pDwDZifem&DawG rvkdovkd ukd,hfESvHk;om;ukd a[m'D zavmf&mewforD;av;&JU tonf;axmihfpG,fwpfae&m&mu...}}
]]MuufOjyKwf&NyD tpfukd}}]]cifAsm...}}]]MuufOjyKwf&NyDvkdY/ tpfukdyJ oHk;rdepfeJY jyKwfay;qkd...}}MuufO[yfbGdKifvfvmcsay;aom pm;yGJxkd;uav;ukd ausmfpkd;
u em;rvnfovkd? ausmfpkd;ukdvnf; xkdpm;yGJxkd;uav;u em;rvnf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
46 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
yg/ olYeHab;rSm olYnDr o&zDausmfvnf; r&Sdawmh/ vufawGa0SU&rf;? acgif;awGarmhum qHyifukdoyf? ½SL;zdeyfBuD;ukd tcsufrSefrSefaqmifhumaqmifhum ajymae&ojzihf olYnDr b,fukd b,ftcsdefuxGufoGm;rSef; ausmfpkd; rodvkduf/
]]MuufOjyKwf.../ [kwfvm;}}]][kwfw,fav.../ tpfukdyJ MuufOjyKwf oHk;rdepfxuf
rausmfapeJYqkd...}}]]avmuBuD;u pHvGJaoGrIawGeJY zGJUpnf;xm;wmyJ/ uJyg...
xm;ygawmhav/ bmem'if;uawmh olYMuufOukd cGJvkdufwm txJue*g;wpfaumif xGufvmowJh/ tJ'g *smrefvufa&G;pif0w¬Kwpfyk'fxJuyJ nDav;}}
]][kwfuJh.../ 'D0kdif;ukdvnf; tpfukdyJ &Sif;rSmvm;[if/vlvnf; wpfa,mufrS r&Sdawmhbl; tpfukd...}}
]]at;yguGm.../ rif;pum;u 0DvD,HwJ&JU jrm;csufawGtwkdif;ygyJ/ 'gayr,hf rSwfxm;uG/ ukd,fhESvHk;om;rSmu tv,fA[kdqkdwm r&Sdbl;}}
]]oHk;axmihfwpf&m usw,ftpfukd}}]][m;.../ oHk;q,hfwpfbHkrSm igwkdYvlYjynfwpfbHkyJ yef;awG
[m iHk&mu zl;? zl;&mu yGihfMuw,fqkdwm rif; ,Hkprf;yg nDav;&m}}]],Hkygw,f tpfukd/ oHk;axmihfwpf&myg}}ausmfpkd; x&yfum olYtdwfxJrS ykdufqHukd xkwfay;vdkuf
onf/ ausmfpkd;ukd vufzuf&nfqkdifxJu vlawGu 0kdif;ai;MunhfaeMuonf/ ausmfpkd; enf;enf;&SufoGm;onf/ odkYaomf olY qHyifudoyfum NyHK;vkdufygonf/ olajymwJhpum;awGukd 'DqkdifxJu vlawGem;rvnfEkdifyg/ pma&;q&m uAsmq&m Nidrf;at;tdrf? aZmfaZmf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 47
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
atmif 'grSr[kwf wm&mrif;a0/ wpfa,mufa,mufeJY awGUrSukdjzpfvdrhfrnf/
]]tpfuk d MuufOjyKwfav.../ MuufOjyKwf usefcJhNyD/ygq,f,lrSmvm; tpfukd...}}
tvefYwMum; vSrf;atmifaom pm;yGJxkd;av;toHu aemufbufrSm pawmfb,f&Da&mif wdrfpwpfpvdk vGihfum usef&pfcJh\/ausmfpkd;u pma&;q&mopömeDxH oGm;&ef qHk;jzwfvkdufygonf/okdYaomf olYrSm OD;acgif; rygawmhacs/ ESvHk;om;om yg\/
odkYaomf ESvkH;om;ukd б¬³±¼»®² pma&;q&mopömeDuayghqdrhfwpfcGufjzihf wkdYpm;vdrhfrnfqkdwmukd ,HkMunf&ef vdktyfaomvdktyfrIrSm trSefwu,f rvkdtyfawmhacs/
[J[J...[J[J...[J[J.../
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
48 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
jzpfEkdifvQif a&TuJ taqmifukdyif rjyefcsifyg/odkYaomf q&mawmfu taqmifykdif&Sifta':BuD;ESihf rdwfaqG
rkdY taqmifajymif;r&ojzihfom jyef&jcif;jzpfonf/ &efukefrSm rmwk*grawG tvGefqkd;onf[k q&mawmfu &Gmu rxGufcifrSmbJ ajymxm;cJhonf/ tckawmh rmwk*grawGuvnf; qkd;onf/ rmwk*grr[kwfaom olESihfwpfaqmifwnf;ae [kdaumifawGuvnf; qkd;onf/
reufu ausmif;roGm;rD [kdrmwk*gr cyfvSvSukd oGm;awmif;yef&rnf[k tm;vHk;u 0kdif;ajymMuonf/ 'D...rmwk*grqkdwmawGukd olu bmaMumihf oGm;awmif;yef&rnfenf;/ rif; rawmif;yef&if igwkdYuawmh awmif;yef&rSmyJ qkdojzihf ol oufom&m&cJhonf/ odkYaomf q&mawmf rMumcP rdefYovkdyif rmwk*gr[lonf EG,fyifESihf wlwwf\/ rMumcP &pfywfwwf\...wJh/'DrQESihfyJ awmfyg[k awG;&if; rmwk*grawGukd rkef;wD;pdwfu &ifxJrSmvIdufum vIdufum wufívmonf/
xkdtcsdefrSmyJ...]][Jhaumif&JU/ eifhvkyfpmu bmwpfjym;om;&SdvkdY ighukd
vrf;v,facgifrSm vmjyóem &Sm&wmvJ}}]]rif;u ighrdef;r? ighcspfZeD; r[kwfbl;vm;/ tJ'gqkd&if
bmjzpfvkdY vrf;v,facgifrSm atmfae&wmvJuGm}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 49
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]atmifrm...aocsif;qkd;&JU/ vrf;v,frSm eifu atmfwmvm;? igu atmfaewmvm;/ uJ...ajymprf;}}
]]rdef;r awmfawmhuGm/ ig rif;ukd cspfvkdY ,lxm;wmaemf/a[m'Dighvnfyif;u qGJBudK;eJY a[m'DighvufxJu [rf;csdef; rif;aMumihfukefcJhwm/ ig bmrsm;ajymcJhzl;vdkYvJ/ tck[mu ykdufqHig;&myJawmif;wmudkuGm...}}
]][Jh.../ t&ifa&TxD;apmif;cJh&wmawG rajymeJY/ tckyJjyKwfa&mif;ae&mwm[m b,folvJ...[if/ tJ'DydkufqHukd &Sifu bDtD;av;armhNyD; um&mtkdauoGm;qkdOD;rSm r[kwfvm;.../ aocsif;qkd;&JU}}
]]rdef;r&m.../ a&Txl;nD rsKd;BuD;u i,fuRrf;aqGoDcsif;ukdolqkdwm ykdaumif;w,fajymaevkdY? ig rcHcsifvGef;vkdYyguGm/ igawmif;yefygw,f rdef;r&m.../ ig;&mr&&if oHk;&myJ ay;uGm/awmif;yefygw,fuGm}}
]]oHk;&mvnf; ray;Ekdifbl;[Jh.../ aocsif;qkd;&JU/ olYukdEkdifzkdYxuf cav;ESpfa,mufeJY xrif;pm;zkdYu ydkta&;BuD;w,f}}
a&TuJ &yfMunhf&if;...tom;awG wqwfqwfwkefumvm\/ b,fhES,hf vrf;v,facgifrSm rdef;rwpfa,mufu a,mufsm;jzpfolukd eifhrJiqawG ajymaeonf/ a&TuJ bmrS rpOf;pm;awmhbJxkdESpfa,mufxH 0ifoGm;onf/
]]'DrSm tpfrBuD;/ bmjzpfvkdY a,mufsm;wpfa,mufukdvrf;v,facgifrSm atmfBuD;[pfus,f ajymae&wmvJ/ 'g...cifAsm;a,musfm; r[kwfbl;vm;}}
]]aMomf...eifu b,folvJ/ [if;...[if;.../ tazmftaygif;eJYayghav.../ [kwfvm;/ eifu olYukduyfNyD; um&mtkdauqkdr,hf aumifvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
50 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]bm...um&mtk dauvJ/ rtk daubl;.../ cifAsm;ua,musfm;wpfa,mufukd vrf;v,facgifrSm 'Dvdkajymaewm vHk;0rtkdaubl;/ cifAsm; tck awmif;yefyg}}
ausmfausmf hrdef;r at;at;armfvnf; ½kwfw&ufawmhaMumifumoGm;\/ ausmfausmfvnf; em;a0wdrfawmifjzpfumaeonf/ xkdvlYukd ol wpfcgrS rjrifbl;cJh/
]]ausmfausmf.../ eif ighukd vrf;v,facgifrSm tEkdifusihfw,fayghav.../ [kwfvm;}}
]][m...r[kwfbl; rdef;r}}]]cifAsm;...bmrS ajymraeeJY/ a,mufsm;qkdwm tdrfOD;ewf
As/ r½kdaocsifae rapmfum;&bl;}}]]tr,fav;.../ aiGav;&Sd&if r,m;eJY uav;awG ray;bJ
t&ufaomuf? zJ½kdufNyD; um&mtkdau oGm;oGm;qkdaewJh 'Daumihfukd½kdaoae&OD;rSmvm;/ yJjyKwfa&mif;&if; t&if;jyKwf&ifawmif ukd,hfbmom aiGacs;&wmav.../ aocsif;qkd;BuD;&JU/ tckawmh tazmftaygif;eJY uRefrukd jyóem&Smw,faygh}}
]]rdef;r&m...r[kwfbl;uGm/ 'Dr,f...ig&Sif;jyr,f}}xkdtcsdefwGif rkd;pkd;u vrf;uav;ukd auGUt0ifjzpfonf/
Mum;&onhftoHawGu raumif;/ a&SmifoGm;[efjyifNyD;rS a&TuJukdvSrf;awGUojzihf cP&yfum Munhfonf/
]]bmrS &Sif;raeeJY a[hvl/ 'Dr,f...a,musfm;&SdvkdYomcifAsm;wkdY rdef;rawG wifhw,faew,f rSwfyg/ wHcGefr&SdwJh &xm;?vifr&SdwJh rdef;r avmurSm rwihfw,fbl;wJh/ olYbmomol rlrl;½l;½l;um&mtdkauyJqdkqkd ol&SdwJhtwGuf cifAsm;rSm rwihfw,fbl;vm;/'Da,musfm; &SdaewJhtwGuf cifAsm;rSm rvHkNcHKbl;vm;/ tJ'D*kPfawGukd
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 51
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rapmfum;prf;ygeJYAsm}}at;at;armf bmjyefajym&rSef;rod/ csxm;aom yJjyKwf
awmif;udk aumuf&Gufum vSnhfxGufcgeD;wGif...]]cP aeygOD;tpfr/ 'gu b,fvkdjzpfMuwmvJ}}rkd;rkd;pkd;ukd awGUvdkuf&ojzihf a&TuJ &iftpHkonf tkef;ceJ
ckefumoGm;onf/ at;at;armfu olYyJjyKwfawmif;ukd jyefcsum0rf;omtm;&avoHjzihf jzpforQukd &Sif;umjy\/ olY &Sif;aompum;xJwGif olYa,musfm;u um&mtdkauqkd&ef tazmfESihf taygif;ESihfolYukd aiGawmif;aMumif;vnf; ygonf/
]]'DrSm udkausmfausmf/ &Sifu uRefrwkdY vrf;xJuyg/ ol&Sihfukd yJjyKwfa&mif;auR;aewm tm;vHk;odwmyJ/ 'gawmh &SifrvGefvGef;bl;vm;}}
ausmfausmfuvnf; olYudpöukd ol &Sif;jyonf/ t"dujyóemu 'DbufuvlESihf ol rodaMumif;/ olYbmomol 0ifajymaMumif;omajym\/
ESpfOD;pum;qHk;awmh rdk;rdk;pkd;u a&TuJbufukd vSrf;umMunhfonf/
]]uJ.../ 'gqkd &Sifu bmjzpfvdkY 0ifyg&wmwkef;}}a&TuJ bmrS rajymEdkif/ vufoD;ESpfvHk;ukdom uspfonf
xufuspfatmif qkyfxm;rd\/ olYyg;pyfxJrSm rkefYzufxkyfwpfxkyfvHk;0ifaeovdk jzpfumaeonf/ trSefawmh pum;vHk;awGESihf jynhfaejcif;om jzpf\/
]]rdef;rwpfa,mufukd vrf;v,facgifrSm 'Dvkdatmf[pfajymaewmawmh raumif;bl;xifw,f}}
xkdpum;udk Mum;&awmh a&TuJyg;pyfxJu rkefYzufxkyfBuD;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
52 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
jyKwfum usoGm;\/]]rdef;rwpfa,mufu a,musfm;wpfa,mufukd vrf;v,f
acgifrSm ajymaewmusawmh aumif;ovm;/ 'DrSm...rdef;rqkdwm&Sdraumif;? r&Sdraumif;qkduwnf;u oda&maygh/ ZÍÆrmewdkY? rm&@DwkdY? okE´&DwkdY bk&m;ukd b,favmuf'ku©ay;NyD; aESmihf,SufcJhw,fqkdwm cifAsm;od&JUvm;}}
a&TuJpum;qHk;awmh rdk;rd k;pkd;u rsufESm£a`E´wpfcsufrSrysufbJ Munfpif0if;ypGm NyHK;onf/ NyD;awmh wnfNidrfav;eufpGmjzihf...
]]uJ...'gqkd&if jrwfpGmbk&m; bk&m;tjzpfukd qkyefwJhb0upNyD; av;toFacseJYurÇmwpfodef;vHk; yg&rDjznhfcJhwJholu uRefrwkdYvkdrdef;rjzpfwJh ,aomf"&m r[kwfbl;vm;}}
]]bmyJjzpfjzpfAs/ ,aomf"&mvnf; bk&m;ukd zsufwJhudpörSmzsufwmyJ/ uJ...aemufqHk;b0rSm bk&m;jzpfzkdY ol MunfMunfjzLjzLeJY cGihfay;ovm;}}
]]'guawmh yg&rDb,favmuf&ihf&ihf rdef;rqkdwm rdef;rvkdbJawG;rSmaygh&Sif}}
]]tJ'gqkd cifAsm;awmfawmh}}xkdtcsdefwGif wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY a&mufvmum bm&,f
nm&,frSef;rod 0ifum qGJMu\/ rdk;rdk;pkd;ukdvnf; awmif;yefMuonf/ a&TuJukdawmh a[mufMu? qlMuESihf tm;vHk; ½kef;&if;qefcwfjzpfukefMuonf/
rdk;rdk;pkd;uawmh bmrSrajymbJ NyHK;&if;om [kdvlawGvufxJrSm ½kef;uefatmf[pfaeaom a&TuJukd Munhfaevkdufonf/
]]auseyfyg rkd;rdk;pkd;&,f/ 'DaumihftaMumif;ukd uRefawmf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 53
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wkdYvnf; ajymjyNyD;NyDyJ}}]]uRefr auseyfygw,f/ &SifwkdYvlukdom ajymvkdufyg/
rdef;uav;qkdwm rkef;p&m r[kwfbl;vkdY}}ajymNyD; rkd;pkd; xGufoGm;onf/ a&TuJukdvnf; rdk;ausmfESihf
0if;EkdifwdkYu ac:umoGm;Mu\/ vrf;ay:rSm ausmfausmfESihf at;at;armfwkdYvifr,m;om aMumifawmifawmifESihf usef&pfcJhonf/
]]b,fvkdawG jzpfukefwmvJ}}at;at;armfu r&Jw&Jar;onf/]]igvnf; rodawmhbl;[/ em;ukd rvnfwm}}]][kwfyawmf.../ usKyfwkdY&efjzpfaewmawmif b,fem;
a&mufoGm;vJ rodawmhygbl;}}]][kdav[m.../ igu um&mtkdauqkdzkdY ig;&mawmif;wJh
em;ukd a&mufoGm;NyD}}]]tHr,f.../ aocsif;qkd;BuD;u ckxd ravQmhao;bl;vm;}}]]rdef;ruvJuGm.../ 'D i,fuRrf;aqGoDcsif;ukd ig b,f
avmuf&w,fqkdwm rcHcsifvkdYyg/ ESpf&mawmh ay;uGm}}at;at;armf pOf;pm;onf/ [kwfawmhvnf; [kwfonf/
olYa,mufsm; ausmfausmfu oDcsif;qkdaumif;onf/ olYukd ykd;cJhwkef;uvnf; 'DoDcsif;eJY? olYeJY&nf;pm;jzpfMuawmhvnf; um&mtdkaucef;rSm pHkwGJqkd&if 'DoDcsif;eJY/ 'DoDcsif;ukd rl&if;tqkdawmfyif olYa,mufsm;avmuf raumif;qkdwm ol odonf/ &efjzpfvufpuav; &yfay;vkduf&ojzihf a'goawGvnf; r&Sdawmh/ &ifckefoHyJ olYrSm&Sdawmhonf/
]]uJ...a&mha&mh ESpf&m/ aumifrawGeJYawmh wGJrqkdeJYaemf}}]]pdwfcsyg rdef;r&m.../ aemufwpf&mawmh xyfay;yg/
toH0ifae&if wifcsifvkdYyg}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
54 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
udka&Txl;nD rsKd;BuD;qkdwJhaumifu tvum;aumifayr,hfolYa,mufsm;u bDtD;uav;wpfyk dif;avmuf0ifrS toHrSefwmqkdawmh.../
]]uJ...a&mha&mh/ aocsif;qkd;a&...Ekdifatmifawmh qkdcJhaemf}}ajymajymqkdqkdESihf yJjyKwfawmif;ukd rum acgif;ay:wif
NyD; xGufcJh&onf/ qufaevQif 'Daocsif;qkd;u rsufESmi,fuav;ESihftaMumif;trsKd;rsKd;jyum xyfawmif;OD;rnf/ 'gawmhrjzpf.../ yJjyKwfzkd; t&if;jyKwfwJhaeYawGvnf; rsm;aeNyD/ csDwDqkonhf ykdufqHuav;&&ifawmh olvnf; olYa,mufsm;ESihf twlvkdufum um&mtkdauqkdOD;rnf[k awG;um aysmfoGm;onf/ oDcsif;u 'Daocsif;qkd; tckqkdwJhoDcsif;yJaygh/ 'Dwpfcgawmh pHkwGJqkd&rnf/
]]a[m'Du aocsif;qkd;...,lMuOD;rvm;/ aocsif;qkd;...}}ckeu &efyGJukd 0kdif;MunhfNyD; at;at;vlvljzpfoGm;olwcsKdUu
at;at;armfukd uref;uwef;vSrf;MunhfMuonf/ odkYaomf at;at;armfu NyHK;um xyfatmfonf/
]],lMuOD;rvm;...a[m'Du aocsif;qkd;.../ tJ...r[kwfygbl;/ yJjyKwf...yg&Sif/ a[m'Du yJjyKwf...yJjyKwf}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 55
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]igwk d Yqk dvd kwmu rde f ;rwpfa,mufuk d a,musfm;wpfa,mufu awmif;yefwmrsKd;awmh r[kwfbl;ayghuGm/ jzpfcJhwJhudpöawGtay:rSm tm;vHk; ajyvnf&m ajyvnfaMumif; oabmxm;wJhtaeeJY awmif;yefzkdY ajymwmyg}}
]]bmqkdifvkdYvJAs/ uRefawmfu a,musfm;bufu 0ifajymw,f/ olu rdef;rbufu ajymw,f/ 'g bmawmif;yefp&m&SdvJ}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY pdwfnpfum oGm;onf/ a&TuJukdb,fvkdrS ajymír&/ acsmhívnf; r&/ pnf;½Hk;awmhvnf; t&murxif/
]]rdef;uav;wpfa,mufeJY jyóemwuf&wm raumif;ygbl;uGm}}
]]tJ'gaMumihf usKyfu bmrS xyfrywfoufcsifwmaygh}}uGrf;awG yvkyfyavmif;ESihf 0ifacsmhaom rdk;ausmfvnf;
bmajym&rSef; rodawmh/ 'DawmhrS pum;0kdif;xJukd vHk;0 r0ifbJMunhfaeaom 0if;Ekdifu...
]]igwkdYu rif;udk t½IH;ay;NyD; awmif;yefckdif;aewm r[kwfbl;a&TuJ.../ igwkdYtm;vHk;twGuf tepfemcHNyD; a,musfm;yDyDooeJYpdwfxm;NyD; tultnDawmif;aewm}}
]]bmqkdifvkdYvJ}}]]at;.../ bmqkdifvkdYvJqkdawmh a[m'Dtaqmif[m rkd;rdk;pkd;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
56 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wkdYykdifwJh taqmifrkdYvkdYyJ/ rif;eJYoleJY jyóemrajyvnf&if igwkdYukd'Dtaqmifu ESifxkwfawmh b,fhES,hfvkyfrvJ}}
0if;Ekdifpum;aMumihf a&TuJ awGumoGm;onf/ wtHhwMoai;aeaom rkd;ausmfwkdYbufukd vSnhfum 0if;Ekdifu rsufaphwpfzufukd rSdwfumjy\/
]]'Dtaqmifykdif&Sifu bGm;rmBuD;yJ/ olwkdYeJY bmqkdifvJ/usKyfq&mawmfeJYvnf; odw,f/ usKyfukd vmrnmeJYAsm}}
'DawmhrS wifatmifrif;odrf;u 0if;Ekdifcsnfxm;aomBudK;ukdqufukdifonf/
]]'Dvkd a&TuJ&.../ bGm;rmBuD;u om;orD;vnf;r&Sd/ausmaxmufaemufcHvnf; r&Sdawmh ol raocif vSLa&;wef;a&;twGufqkdNyD; 'Dtdrfukd tJ'Daumifrav;awGukd a&mif;xm;w,f/aumifrav;awGuvnf; bGm;rmBuD;ukd iJhNyD; 'DtdrfrSmyJ qufaecGihfay;xm;wm/ trSefawmh 'Dtdrf[m rkd;rdk;pkd;wkdYykdifyJ/ rif;aMumihfigwkdY aep&mvufrJhawmh rjzpfyg&apeJYuGm}}
a&TuJ NidrfumoGm;onf/ xkdpum;trSefqkdvQif aumifrav;u rauseyfbJ jyóem&SmEkdifonf/ taqmifajymif;&vQif q&mawmfodrnf/ q&mawmfu bGm;rmBuD;ukd ar;vdk Y rdef;uav;wpfa,mufeJY ywfoufNyD; ajymif;&aMumif; odoGm;vQif olYb0a&pkefarQmNyD/ ol bmvkyf&rnfenf;/
'gayr,hf olYpdwfxJrSm rdef;uav;wpfa,mufukd oGm;awmifyefzkdYqkdwmudkvnf; b,fvkdrS qEr&Sdqkdwmukd ol odonf/
]]usKyf rawmif;yefEkdifbl;Asm/ 'gayr,hf wpfckawmh uwday;w,f/ aemufwpfcg usKyf tJ'Daumifrav;eJY bmjyóemrS xyfrwufap&bl;/ tJ'g...usKyf uwdyJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 57
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
pum;ukd tjywfajymum a&TuJ xoGm;onf/ rdk;ausmfwkdYtcsif;csif;Munhfum NyHK;vkdufMu\/
]]0if;Ekdif/ rif; xGifvHk;uav; aumif;w,fuGm/ 'Daumifenf;enf;awmh xdoGm;NyDuG}}
]]tJ'g umwGef;tawG;uav;uG/ umwGef;qkdwmu wkdwkdeJYvkd&if;ukd xda&mufatmif ukdif&wm r[kwfvm;/ tJ'Dawmh igu...}}
]]uJ...rif;umwGef;ukd cPxm;prf;yguGm/ 'Daumihfukd,fpm;igwkdYuyJ xyfawmif;yefrSmvm;}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;ukd rdk;ausmfu rJhonf/]]ESpfcgqkd raumif;awmhbl;uG/ yxrwpfcguwnf;u
rkd;pkd;u 'DaumifrygbJ vmawmif;yefwmudk ajymNyD;NyD...}}]][kwfNyDav.../ tajctaeukd MunhfMuao;awmaygh/ 'geJY
aeygOD;/ rif;eJYig yGihfvif;pGm ajymMu&atmif/ rif;u b,folvJ}}]]igu [kd...acrmqkdwJh aumifrav;uGm}}]]Ç» oli,fcsif;/ ß´´ η¹¸¬ / ukd,fu omomuG}}wifatmifrif;odrf;ESihf rkd;ausmf vufcsif;qGJ EIwfqufMu
onfukd 0if;Ekdifu ai;um MunhfaeNyD;rS...]]rif;wkdYESpfa,mufpvHk;udkvnf; igu aus;Zl;wifygw,f
uGm/ igu rkd;rdk;pkd;ukdyJ cspfwm/ olYwpfukd,fvHk;ukd wpfaMumrsOf;eJYumwGef;qGJMunhfcsifvkdYyg/ oleJY orD;&nf;pm;jzpfcsifwmawmh r[kwfbl;uGm}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
58 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
vlawGukd ½l;aeNyD[k a&TuJ xifonf/ynmwwfcsifvGef;ojzihf aeYpOf twef;wufum wpfcsdefrS
rvGwfatmif pmoifaom a&TuJukd twef;xJu aumifrav;awGu &,fvdk&,f...NyHK;ppESihf rMum;wMum;ajymvkd ajymMuonf/a,musmf;av;awGuawmh ]]twef;apmihfewfBuD;}} ]]armfeDwmBuD;}}ponfjzifh ajymifajymifyif atmfMuonf/
'DaeYvnf; aemufq&mwpfa,muf0ifvQi f pmoif&eftoifhapmifaeaom a&TuJukd twef;xJu aumifrav;wpfa,mufu pyfNzJNzJESihf tem;vm&yf&if;...
]]a[h.../ DZ« 'DZkdif;u bm'DZkdif;vJ}}]]cifAsm}}]]DZ« 0wfvmwJh tusÐ'DZkdif;ukd ar;wm}}]]usKyftusÐu bmjzpfaevkdYvJ}}a&TuJ0wfvmonfhtusÐu a&TbkdNrdKU qdwfcGHxGuf ,ufuef;
om;csnfMurf;ESihf ykqkd;u qdwfcGHvuf,ufykqkd; tuGufBuJBuJjzpfonf/ ol NrdKUukdwufum ausmif;ae&rnfqkdawmh q&mawmfuolY 'um 'umrrsm;xH ajymjy tvSLcHxm;aom tusÐESihfykqkd;jzpf\/'DvkdydwfrsKd;? ykqkd;rsKd; olYqDrSm tm;vHk;&SpfpHk&Sdonf/ tJ'g bmjzpfoenf;/
]]aMomf...bmrSrjzpfygbl;/ 'DZdkif;awGu rkdufvkdYyg/ [d...[d}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 59
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]tJ'g usKyfwkdY a&Tbkde,f qdwfcGH&Gmu ,ufwm}}]]aumif;w,f.../ &SifeJYt&rf;vkdufwmyJ/ [d...[d...[d...}}aumifrav;u pyfNzJNzJESihfajymum olYtazmfrsm;xH jyefajy;
oGm;onf/ cPaeawmh xkdaumifrav;awGxHrS wcdcdESihfwcGdcGdtoHawG xGufvmMuonf/ rdef;rawGonf q&mawmf rdefYcJhbl;ovkdZdÍÆrmeawGcsnf;wnf;/ rm*@DawGcsnf;/ rywfouf rqufqHwmtaumif;qHk;yifjzpfonf/ a,musfm;av;wpfa,mufukd t&SufcGJcsifcGJ (odkYr[kwf) 'ku©ay;vQifay;/ 'DESpfckxJu wpfckukd tNrJvkyfwwfMuonf/ a0;a0;a&Smifwm taumif;qHk;[k a&TuJ tNrJESvHk;oGif;umxm;\/
wpfcg aemufaumifrav;wpfa,mufuvnf; wpfrsKd;vmjyefonf/
]][Jh.../ eifu q&mru twef;xGufcgeD; em;rvnfwmbm&SdvJqkd&if bmjzpfvkdY xxar;ae&wmvJ}}
]]usKyf odcsifwm &SdvdkYayghAsm/ q&mru ar;qkdvkdY ar;wmyJ}}
xkdaumifrav;ukd ol Munhfr&/ ajcaxmufrSm a&TqGJBudK;awG trsm;BuD; qGJxm;aomaMumihf? q&mr pmoifvQif aeMumaphavSmfawG tNrJpm;pm;aewwfjcif;aMumihf jzpfonf/ bk&m;ukdyifuyf&onhf a&Tukd? olYtrnfrSm tjrwfwEkd;xnhfxm;aom a&TukdtxG#ftjrwfrxm;bJ ajcaxmufrSm 0wfonf/ q&m? q&mrtay:wGifvnf; ½kdaoav;pm;rI r&Sd/ i&Jtkd;xJukd yufvufuav;vefusum aysmfaysmfBuD;pHpm;&? cHpm;&rnhf rdef;uav;[k awG;umbmrS ywfoufjcif;r&Sdatmif aeavh&Sdonf/
]]'guawmh ajym½kd;ajympOf ajymwmyJ/ eifu tNrJxx
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
60 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ar;aeawmh Ý´¿ vTwfcsdef aemufusw,f[/ aemufudk rar;eJY}}]]ynm&Sm yrmolzkef;pm;vkdY qkdw,fr[kwfvm;/ tck 'DrSm
twef;xJxkdifNyD; at;at;aq;aq; ynm&Sm&wm b,favmufwefzkd;&SdvJ/ usKyfodcsifvdkY usKyfar;wm bmjzpfvJAs}}
aumifrav;u olYukd pdwfysufovdk Munhfum acgif;&rf;NyD; xGufum oGm;onf/ aemufwpfaeY ol ausmif;wufawmhaumf&pfwmukd jzwftavQmufrSm ]ynmolzkef;pm;BuD; vmNyDa[h/vrf;z,fay;Mu...}[laom atmfoHawGukd Mum;&onf/ a&TuJbmrSjyefrajymyg/ q&mawmfu ]ynmukd olzkef;pm;vdk &Sm&rnf}[krdefYaompum;ESihf nDaeojzihf yDwdyif jzpfaerdao;onf/
aemufxyf jzpf&yfwpfckvnf; &Sdao;onf/wpfaeY ausmif;odkYtvm ausmif;ESihfeD;aom vrf;ay:rSm
aMumifBuD;wpfaumif atmufykdif;ra&GUEkdifawmhbJ wanmifanmifwpmpmatmfu csmvywfvnfíaeonf/ um;yJ yGwfoGm;ovm;/pufbD;yJ BudwfoGm;ovm; rod/ aMumifBuD;\ rsufvHk;rsm;uwkefvIyfaMumuf&GHUum awGUu&mukd ukwfjcpfvsuf&Sdonf/ vrf;ray:rSm 'Dtwkdif; xm;cJhvdkYuawmh aemufum;wpfpif;pif;u usdef;aowufBudwfawmhrnfjzpfonf/
'geJY a&TuJu vG,ftdwfxJu pmtkyfawGukd xkwfumaMumifBuD;ukd vG,ftdwfxJ xnhfvG,fvmcJhonf/ tcef;xJa&mufawmh y½kyfqDbl; vkdufawmif;um aMumifBuD;atmufykdif;ukd vdrf;ay;jcif;? a&wkdufjcif;? tomt,myGwfay;jcif; ponfwdkYukd vkyfay;csdefwGif a&TuJem;wGif vlawG 0kdif;tHkumae\/ tultnDay;&efawmhr[kwf/ txl;tqef;taeESihf wpfa,mufwpfayguf atmf[pfavSmifajymif&efom jzpfonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 61
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
aemufaeY a&TuJ ausmif;wufawmh ]aMumifocifvmNyDaemfa&Smifcsif&if a&Smifxm;Mu} [k atmfMujyefonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJuawmh *½krpdkuf/ olwpfyg;toufukd u,fjcif;onf r*FvmjzpfaMumif;? ukokdvfppfjzpfaMumif; rodolawGESihf bm&efjzpfaep&m&Sdoenf;/ vlawGu ½l;aeMuNyD[k ol xifonf/
aemufxyf t½l;awGuawmh olESihf wpfcef;wnf;ae&aomausmif;om;oHk;a,mufyif jzpf\/ wpfcgrS pmusufwmukd olrawGU/ tdyfvQifvnf; bk&m;&Sdckd;wm wpfcgrS rawGU/ t&ufukdvnf;aomufwwfMuao;onf/ olwkdY oHk;a,mufqHkonhftcsdefrSm ajymonhf pum;awGuvnf; wpfckrS raumif;/ rdef;rawG\ zifawG?wifawG? &ifawGtaMumif;udkvnf; atmfBuD;[pfus,f ajymMuonf/tcsif;csif; jiif;Muonf/
0if;Ekdifqkdonhfvlu rdef;rwpfa,muf udk,fwHk;vHk;yHkudkqGJum olYacgif;&if;wGif uyfxm;onf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u*pfwmukd nrkd;csKyfrSm wjAef;jAef;w'if'ifESihf acguf&if; bmrSef;rodaom oDcsif;awGukd atmfonf/ rkd;ausmfqkdoluawmh naeapmif;onfESihf avwathathwufum t&ufoGm;0,fNyD; aomufwwfonf/
atmufykdif;emaeaom aMumifBuD;ukd taqmif,lvmonhfaeYu tm;vHk;u olYudk txdwfwvefYESihf 0kdif;uefYuGufMuonf/jzpfaMumif;ukd ajymjyawmh u½kPmrxm;onhftjyif twef;xJrSmaMumifemBuD;ukd vG,ftdwfESihf wpfaeukefvG,fxm;cJhwmukd &Sufonf[k ajymum olYukd tjypfwifMujyefonf/
odkYaomf a&TuJuawmh *½krpkduf/ aMumifBuD;ukd 'ef;&Guf&Smcl;? eEGif;ESihfa&maxmif;um aq;pnf;ay;onf/ wpfywfavmuf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
62 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
Mumawmh aMumifBuD; aumif;umoGm;onf/ aus;Zl;&Sifukd aus;Zl;wif&rSef;odaom aMumifBuD;u b,fukdrS roGm;awmh/ olYckwifay:rSmyJaeonf/ 'gawmifrS aMumifarT;awG vGihfw,f? aMumifoef;awG udkufw,f...ponfjzihf taMumif;jyum vkyfZmwfcif;NyD;aMumifBuD;ukd vGihfypf&ef wkdufwGef;Muao;onf/
'DvkdvlrsKd;awGESihf awGU&onfhtwGuf a&TuJ pdwfrysufyg/q&mawmfu ]&efukefrSm rif; vlrsKd;pHkeJYawGU&vdrhfr,f/ at;...b,folw&m;ysufysuf udk,frysufapeJY} [k qHk;rxm;cJhNyD;NyD r[kwfvm;/
'gaMumihf a&TuJ twef;xJu ausmif;om;awGESihfvnf;raygif;? taqmifu vlawGESihfvnf; ausmif;rSm twlrae? roGm;/wpfOD;wnf;om wwfEkdiforQ aeonf/
'DtaMumif;awG awG;&if; a&TuJ taqmifukd cyfokwfokwfavQmufonf/ 'DaeY twef;qif; enf;enf;aemufusojzihf [dkaumifBuD; aqmhaeawmhrnf/ vrf;xdyfrSm ykZGefajcmuf ig;usyfzkd;avmuf0,fum xrif;ESihf auR;&OD;rnf/ xkdtawG;ESihf cyfoGufoGufavQmuf&if; vrf;csKd;uav;tauGUrSm jrifraumif;aom jrifuGif;wpfckukdoGm;um awGUonf/
touf ig;q,ft&G,f vlBuD;wpfa,muf qeftdwfwpftdwfukd xrf;vmjcif;jzpfonf/
touf ig;q,fausmfqkdaomfvnf; vlyHku oefoefpGrf;pGrf;r[kwf/ ajcwpfvSrf; vSrf;vdkufwdkif; qeftdwfu olYtay: wpfppydydusvmaeonf/ wpfukd,fvHk;vnf; acR;awG&TJepfum rsufvHk;ESihfEIwfcrf;rsm;u qeftdwf\ tav;csdef'Pfukd wif;qefYBudwfrSdwfcHae&onfrSm odomaeonf/
ol ai;aecsdefrSmyif tzkd;BuD;u qeftdwfukd zkef;ceJ ypfcsum
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 63
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ukef;ukef;uav; jzpfae&Smonf/ &ifbwfuvnf; zm;zkdvkd wzsyfzsyf wvSyfvSyf&Sd\/ a&TuJ ai;ae&mrS csufcsif; tbkd;BuD;xHodkYajy;oGm;&if;...
]]tb aeom&JUvm;/ oufom&JUvm;}}tbkd;BuD;u olYudk wtHhwMo armhumMunhfonf/ ½kwfw
&uf pum;yif jyefrajymEkdif/ ol pmtkyfwpftkyfukd xkwfumtbkd;BuD;ukd ,yfcwfay;&onf/ 'DawmhrS tbkd;BuD;u olYukdrouFmovdkMunhfum qeftdwfukd wif;wif;qkyfukdif&if; ar;onf/
]]bmudpövJ/ rif; b,folvJ}}]]uRefawmfu bBuD;qeftdwfxrf;vmwmukd rMunhf&uf
vkdY 0ifulrvkdYygAsm/ uRefawmf ausmif;om;yg/ a[m'DrSm ausmif;om;uwf/ Z*Frvrf;xJu taqmifrSm aeygw,f}}
a&TuJ\ wnfNidrfat;aq;aom ½kd;½kd;om;om;rsufESmaMumihfqeftdwfxrf;ol tbkd;BuD;u ,HkMunfoGm;aomfvnf; bmrQ rqkdifolwpfa,mufukd xrf;cdkif;&rSmawmh r0Hhr&Jjzpfae[ef wlonf/
]]aeygapuGm...&ygw,f/ 'DvkdyJ xrf;vdkuf em;vkdufeJYa&mufoGm;rSmyg}}
]]r[kwfwm bBuD;&m.../ ½kd;½kd;vrf;awmif bBuD; renf;xrf;ae&wm? [kdukef;wufqkd b,fvkdvkyfrvJ}}
a&TuJ ñTefjyaom ukef;wufajyajyuav;ukd ai;MunhfumbBuD; oufjyif;ukdcsonf/ ukef;wufqkdonfrSm ajyav ypönf;xrf;&oltwGuf tcufawGUav r[kwfvm;/
]]uJyg...bBuD;&m.../ a&mh...uRefawmhfvG,ftdwfukd ,lxm;/bBuD;xrf;ydkY&r,f tdrfukd vrf;jy/ [kwfNyDvm;}}
a&TuJ vG,ftdwfukday;um ykqkd;ukd wkdwkdESihfNrJatmif jyif0wf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
64 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
onf/ NyD;awmh qeftdwfukd aqGUceJaeatmif xrf;um vSrf;xGufonf/
]]at;uGm.../ om"k...om"k...om"kyg}}a&TuJ&ifxJrSm MunfEl;um oGm;onf/]wpfcsdefus&if ysufpD;&r,fh rNrJwJh cE¨mudk,fBuD;ukd roem;
MueJY/ tvkdrvdkufMueJY/ ckdif;Mu/ tJ'DrNrJr,hf cE¨mukd,fBuD;ukd&if;NyD; b0twGuf tjrwfxGufr,hf ukodkvfukd &SmMu} qkdaomq&mawmfbk&m;\ qHk;rpum;ukd jyefMum;um yDwdt[kefESihfukef;uav;tay:ukd a&TuJ wpfvSrf;csif;wufonf/ qeftdwfuav;vmavav ukodkvfykdykdí &avav[laom yDwdu &SdaeonhftwGuf qeftdwftav;csdefonf ukokdvft[kefwGif oknrQajcom&Sdavonf/
]]om;...cP em;ygOD;vm;/ a&mufcsdefeD;ygNyD om;&JU}}]]&w,f tb/ rem;awmhbl;/ ydkY&r,hftdrfukdom ajym
tb/ &w,f}}]]a&SUu xHk;t0ga&mifokwfxm;wJh wkdufyJ om;/ a&SUem;
wifyJ}}]][kwfuJh.../ odNyD tb/ odNyD}}rkd;rdk;pkd;u omomwkdYESihf pum;ajym&if;? &,farm&if; trSwf
wrJh NcHxJukd um;qGJauGUvkdufojzihf a&SUu qeftdwfxrf;olESpfa,mufukd 0ifwkdufrdrvdk jzpfoGm;aomfvnf; rdk;rdk;pkd;\ um;armif;uRrf;usifrIaMumihf qeftdwfxrf;olrsm;u olwdkYtjzpfukd odyifrodvkdufMu/
]]awmfygao;&JU rdk;pkd;&,f.../ &ifudk xdwfoGm;wmyJ/uHaumif;vdkY...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 65
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]trSwfwrJhukd;uG/ rif;wkdYu pum;ajymaeawmh ykdqkd;wmaygh}}
]]tJ'gaMumifh acrmajymwmaygh/ ,mOfarmif;Xmeukd um;armif;wJh rdef;uav;awGtwGuf aqmifyk'ftopf xkwf&r,f/]armif;&if rajymeJY? ajym&if rarmif;eJY}...vkdY}}
tm;vHk; &,foHawG qlnHoGm;Muonf/ rkd;rdk;pkd;u um;ukd*kdaxmifxJxnhfNyD; oGufvufpGm qif;onf/ reufjzef t½kPfwufpmoifausmif;u bkef;BuD;tyg; ig;q,fukd qGrf;uyf&eftwGufcsufzkd Y jyKwfzkd Y omomESihfacrmwkdYu vkdufvmMujcif;jzpfonf/bkef;BuD;tyg; ig;q,fukd t½kPfqGrf;uyfaomudpörSm ararh\vpOfvqef; wpf&ufaeYwGif jyKaeMuudpöom jzpfonf/
]][Jh...oli,f...[Jh.../ rif; qeftdwfo,fc ,loGm;OD;av}}]]&ygw,f BuD;ar/ tJ'DykdufqH bBuD;ukdom ay;yg/
uRefawmfu bBuD; rEkdifvdkY 0ifulxrf;ay;wmyg}}]]a[.../ rif;u qefqkdifuvl r[kwfbl;vm;}}]]r[kwfbl;/ usKyf xrf;vmwm vrf;csKd;uav;wif armae
vkdY 'Doli,fu 0ifxrf;ay;&Smwmyg}}]]uJ...jzpf&av OD;BuD;&r,f/ &SifhrSmvnf; yef;em&ifMuyf
a&m*gBuD;eJY[m/ qkdifrSm wjcm;aumifav;awG r&Sdawmhbl;vm;}}]]r&Sdawmhbl;.../ xGufoGm;MuvdkY...}}]]tJ'gqkdvnf; qdkufum;eJY ydkYa&maygh&Sif/ uJ...'gqkdvnf;
[kdoli,f aeOD;/ tat;av; bmav; aomufoGm;MuOD;/ om"kygawmf...om"kyg/ rif; ukodkvfESpfcg&ygw,fuG,f/ 'Dqefu reufbkef;BuD;tyg; ig;q,fukd t½kPfqGrf;uyfrSm...}}
a&TuJ&ifxJ at;um ykdíyDwdjzpfoGm;onf/ xkdtdwfxJu
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
66 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
qefu oHCmawGukd uyfrSmqkdawmh olYukodkvfu enf;enf;aESmaESmukodkvfr[kwfawmh/
]]&ygw,f BuD;ar/ uRefawmf raomuf...}}olYukd &yfai;um Munhfaeaom rkd;rdk;pkd;ukd jrifoGm;onhf
twGuf a&TuJ pum;ukd qHk;atmif rajymEkdifawmh/]]udka&TuJ/ tat;awmh aomufoGm;ygOD;&Sif/ vmyg...}}]][m...raomufawmhbl;cifAsm/ raomufyg&apeJY/ oGm;yg
OD;r,f cifAsm}}rajy;½Hkwr,f xGufoGm;aom a&TuJukd a':jrjrpd k;u
em;rvnfovdk Munhfonf/]]orD;.../ 'Duav;ukd odvdkYvm;}}]]odw,f arar/ orD;wdkYausmif;uyJ/ [kdbufvrf;xJrSm
taqmifaew,f}}]]aMomf...aMomf.../ 'Dacwf 'Dvkd vdr®ma&;jcm;&SdwJh uav;
awGvnf; &Sdao;wmyJ/ uJ...OD;udkBuD;/ &Sifuawmh cPem;NyD;tat;aomufoGm;OD;/ aemufukd uRefr и±²» qufNyD; vSrf;rSm&if&SifrykdYeJYawmh/ qkdufum;eJYom wifay;vkduf/ [kwfNyDvm;}}
xkdaeYrSpí omomESihf acrmwkdYu a&TuJukd ]tcrJhulvDxrf;jcif;tusKd;} [k ac:Muonf/ xkdrSwpfqihf xkdpmukda&;aom q&mBuD;OD;zkd;usm;ukd tpGJjyKum armifzkd;usm;[k (Ò·½µ Ò¿³») ay;vkdufavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 67
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rkd;pkd;.../ udk,hf&JU c½kcGHuav;u b,fvkdta&mifqkdwmrkd;pkd; odNyDvm;}}
rkd;pk d; awmfawmfpdwfnpfoGm;onf/ odkYaomf rdk;pkd;onfcHpm;rIukd rsufESmay: ra&mufatmif xdef;odrf;wwfaom rdef;uav;wpfa,mufom jzpfygonf/ o&zDu olYtpfukd awmfaMumif;?aumif;aMumif;awGukd cPcP ajymjywwfuwnf;u rkd;pkd; tenf;i,f&dyfrdygonf/ 'DaeY omomESihf acrmhukd o&zD yxkwfoGm;uwnf;u 'Dvkdjzpfvdrhfrnfqkdwmukd BudKwifwGufxm;NyD;om; jzpfaomfvnf; pdwfnpfwmawmh trSefyifjzpfonf/
]]uRefr txifawmh tlaMumifaMumif ta&mifyJ jzpfvdrhfr,f xifw,f}}
]]uRefawmf oabmusw,f rkd;pkd;/ yef;csDq&mBuD; yDumqkdu tcspfqkdwm bk&m;ocif &SmazGrawGUcJhwJh ta&mifwJh/ ukd,fodyfoabmuscJhzl;w,f/ 'geJY rkd;pkd;u tcspfukd b,fvkdowfrSwfxm;vJ[if}}
]]jrwfEdk;ESpfvkdzG,faumif;wJh ½dk;om;rI}}ausmfpkd;u ][m...}ceJatmfum aMumifpDpDESihf &yfoGm;ojzihf
rkd;pkd;yif aMumifum vkduf&yfrdonf/ xkdtcsdefuav;rSm awG;rdwmu'DvlYukd a>rrsm;ukdufovm;...[laomtawG;yif jzpf\/
]]Munhfprf;.../ [m;...wu,fyJ/ udk,f xifrxm;bl;uGm/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
68 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rdk;pkd;&ifxJu 'Dvkdpum;rsKd; xGufvmvdrhfr,fvdkY udk,f xifukdxifrxm;wm/ [kwfw,f...rdk;pkd;/ uAsmq&m ,uf(z)wl&Sifukdutcspfqkdwm urÇmajrBuD;&SdorQ atmf[pfae&r,hf El;nhHnhHtoHwJh/opömeDuawmh tcspfqkdwm qyfjymzlazmif;wJh/ wm&mrif;a0uawmhtcspfqkdwm rodpdwf&JU &Sdjcif;eJY jzpfjcif;Mum;u vQKdU0SufaomqHkrSwfvdkY oabmxm;Muw,f/ rkd;pkd; em;vnf&JUvm; rodbl;}}
&nf;pm;pum; vkduffajymcH&onhftxJrSm 'Dwpfcg tlaMumifaMumiftEkdifqHk;yJ[k awG;aerdonf/ o&zD&JU owday;pum;udkvnf;trSwf&\/ ]ukdukdu tukefaumif;ygw,f/ pum;awGukd vlawG½kwfw&uf em;rvnfatmif ajymwwfwmav;wpfckyJ &Sdwm}...wJh/olYukdukdu i,fi,fwke f;u vdyfjymaoukdawGU&if b,folrSacsmhr&atmif ikdwwfowJh/ EGm;EkdYtpdrf;ukdawGUawmh aMumufw,fqkdNyD; tcef;xJrSm wpfaeukef 0ifykef;aeowJh/ bdef;rkefYa&mif;wJhrdef;rBuD;ukd ]vrif;aps;onf}vdkY ac:wwfowJh/ rkd;pkd; wpfckckvkyfzkdYqHk;jzwf&onf/ xkdwpfckckonf rnfolYudkrS rxdckdufaom wpfckckjzpfcsifygonf/
]]udk,fajymwm Mum;&JUvm;[if/ (Ù±¬¸»)*gax;ukd ]*GDx,f}ac:ac: ]*kdo}ac:ac:? ]*Grfxnf}ac:ac:? ]a*gh[D}vdkYyJ ac:ac:trSefawmh twlwlygyJ/ tcspfqkdwmvnf; a*gh[D? *GDxnf? *kdO?*gax; b,fvkdyJ ajymif;ajymif;...}}
rdk;pkd; vufxJrSmukdifxm;aom ykdufqHtdwfuav;ukd tomuav; vTwfcsvkdufonf/ rkd;pkd; tpDtpOfu ajcvSrf;&SpfvSrf; udk;vSrf;avmufoGm;NyD;rS ][m...ykdufqHtdwf uscJhNyD}qkdum tvefYwMum;jyefaumuf&if; olYt&SdefESihfol uRHxGufoGm;aom ausmfpkd;ukd EIwfqufum [kdbufvrf;u xGufoGm;zkdYjzpf\/ ausmfpkd;uawmh olYt&SdefESihf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 69
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ol ]*GDxnf}vdkY aumif;wkef;? ]a*gh[D}vkdY aumif;wkef;/ rkd;pkd;uawmhpdwfxJu ajcvSrf;awGukd rSwfae&onf/ ]av;? ig;} ]*GDxnfuav}]*gax;qkduvnf;} ]ajcmuf}.../
ykdufqHtdwfukd aumuf&&csif; a&TuJ aMumifaerdonf/vrf;aemufbufrSm vl&Sif;vsuf&Sd\/ a&SUrSmawmh pHkwGJwpfwGJ&Sdonf/at;at;aq;aq;yif avQmufvsuf&Sd\/ ol bmvkyf&rvJ/ olua&SUrSm Z*Frvrf;xJukd csKd;auGU&awmhrnf/ cP&yfaeNyD;rS bmvkyf&rSef; rodojzihf ykdufqHtdwfukd zGihfMunhf&if; vrf;xJcsKd;0ifvkdufonf/xkdykdufqHtdwfukd ol ,l&ef r[kwfyg/ BuHKvQif jyefay;&ef bmvkyf&rvJqkdwmukdom acgif;ajcmufatmif pOf;pm;&if; auGU0ifvkdufjcif;yif/ olYukd vSnhfMunhfaom rdk;rdk;pkd;ukd awGU&ojzihf vefYuma&TuJ vrf;csKd;xJodkY cyfoGufoGuf 0ifvkdufonf/ a&SUu twGJESihfaumifrav;rSm rdk;rdk;pkd;rSef; ol rodcJh/ ol ykdufqHtdwfaumufwmukdawGUrsm;oGm;ovm;qkdaom oHo,ESihf aMumufvefYum tajy;0ifdrdjcif;om jzpfygonf/
]ykdufqHtdwf usoGm;NyD} [k tvefYwMum;atmfum vSnhfMunhfMunhfcsif; ]oGm;NyD} qkdwmudk rkd;pkd; odvkdufonf/ olYykdufqHtdwfukd a&TuJ udkifum vrf;xJ csKd;auGUoGm;wmudkvnf; awGUvkduf&\/
]]bmjzpfwmvJ[if.../ rkd;pkd;}}]]aMomf.../ bmrSr[kwfygbl;}}]]ukd,hfpum;ukd &yfNyD; pOf;pm;wmvm;[if/ bm em;rvnf
wm&SdvkdYvJ}}]]uRefr awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ukd em;rvnfygbl;/ odwmwpfckyJ
&Sdw,f/ &Sif uRefrukd &nf;pm;pum;ajymaewm r[kwfvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
70 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]][kwfygw,f/ 'DvkdBuD;qkdawmh wkduf½kdufBuD; jzpfaer,fxifw,f/ ukd,fqkdvkdwmu...}}
]]uRefr em;vnfygNyD/ pOf;pm;ygOD;r,f/ uJ...tdrfem;a&mufaeNyD/ jyefawmhaemf}}
]]ukd,hfb0[m rsKd;aphxJrSm ykef;aeqJ yGihfcGihfr&ao;wJhyef;uav;wpfyGihfyg rdk;pkd;/ olYta&miftaoG;ukd obm0w&m;&JUvufxJrSm tyfxm;&wmyg/ tJ'gukdawmh rkd;pkd; tNrJowd&yg/uJ...rdk;pkd;/ reufjzef&JU jzLpifoefY&Sif;wJh rsOf;auG;rSm qHkawGUMu&atmifyg}}
rdk;pkd; pdwf"mwfus tm;ukefum vSnhfxGufcJhonf/ olY&ifxJrSm pdwfnpfaeonf/ a'gojzpfaeonf/ tvdkrus jzpfaeonf/rMumrD xkdoHk;ckpvHk; vHk;axG;um rauseyfjcif;wpfckom BuD;rm;pGmusef&pfcJh\/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 71
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ydkufqHtdwfukd zGifhMunhfNyD; a&TuJ xdwfvefYoGm;onf/ykdufqHawGu rsm;vScsnfvm;/ axmifwef ESpfq,hfESpf&Guf?
ig;&mwefu &Spf&Guf? ESpf&mwef udk;&GufESihf ig;q,fwef ESpf&Guf/pkpkaygif; av;aomif;av;axmihfwpf&mwdwd/ wpfv ig;axmifomoHk;cGihf&aom olYtwGuf &Spfvpm ausmif;p&dwf&Sdonf/ 'DvkdydkufqHtdwfao;ao;uav;xJrSm 'DavmufykdufqHawG &Sdaewmukdvnf; ol tHhMoaerdonf/ aysmufwJholu olYvkd taqmifoltaqmifom;qkd&if tawmf'ku©a&muf&SmrSmyJ[k awG;&if; &atmifjyef&Smay;&ef ykdufqHtdwfxJ quf&SmMunhfaomtcg awGUvkduf&onhfypönf;aMumihf olY&ifbwfonf zsyfqkd qGJcGJypfvkdufovdk cHpm;vkduf&NyD; rsufvHk;rsm; jyma0oGm;avonf/
a&TuJ awGUvkduf&onfht&mu rkd;rkd;pkd;\ vkdifpif"mwfyHkig;yHkomjzpfonf/ vufxJrS vGwfusoGm;aom "mwfyHkawGukd uref;uwef;iHkYaumufum aMumufp&maumif;onhf t&mwpfckukd vufxJrSmqufrxm;&Jovkd vG,ftdwfxJ odrf;BuHK;xkd;xnhfxm;vkdufNyD;ckwifay: ikwfwkwfxkdifum acR;awG jyefaerdonf/
xkdtcsdefwGif wifatmifrif;odrf;wkd Y atmf[pfqlnHumwufvmMu\/ yxrawmh olYukd owdrxm;rdao;/ aemufrSacR;awG&GJum ikwfwkwfBuD;jzpfaeaom a&TuJukd rkd;ausmfu owdxm;rdum ar;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
72 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]a[haumif bmjzpfaewmvJ/ aeraumif;bl;vm;}}]]bmrSrjzpfbl;/ bmrSvnf; r[kwfbl;}}aMumufvefYwMum; jyefajzaom a&TuJukd rdk;ausmfu
rouFmovdk Munh fonf/ atmifrif;odrf;u ]olYbmomolaeprf;ygapuGm...} qkdaom oabmESihf rkd;ausmfycHk;udk ykwfumrJhNyD; acgif;cg\/ 0if;Edkifu ycHk;udk wGefYonf/
]]a[haumif 0if;Ekdif/ oEÅvif;&JU ß«¬± xJrSm rif; yHkqGJay;vkdufwm aumifrav;u awmfawmfckdufaewmwJh/ rdeef;u ighukdajymw,f}}
]]oGm;prf;yguGm.../ tJ'Doacgrav;ukd rif;,lvkduf/ igtvum;ay;w,f}}
]]tajymrBuD;eJY oli,fcsif;/ rif; wpfaMumif;rsOf;uav;rdk;pkd;ukd aq;ausmif;om;u uAsmpyfoGm;wm rif; awGUw,fr[kwfvm;/ 'DaeY wGJoGm;wmrsm; aumhvdkY}}
rdk;ausmfpum;ukd 0if;Ekdifu bmrSrjzpf? a&TuJu vefYjzefYum0kef;ceJ x&yfojzifh tm;vHk; aMumifoGm;Muonf/
]]a[haumif bmjzpfwmvJ}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u atmfar;awmhrS a&TuJ tod0ifvm
onf/ ol ykdufqHtdwfaumufcJhonfh udpöudk 'DvlawG vHk;0rodEkdif/rsufjrifu um,uH&Sifukd,fwkdifom jzpfonf/ rkd;rkd;pkd;u olYukdykdufqHtdwf jyefray;csifí wrifxGufajy;ol[k xifoGm;NyDvm;/'Dudpöudk 'DvlawGeJYwkdifyif&vQif aumif;rvm;/ olajymorQukda&m'DvlawGu ,HkMuyghrvm;/
]]a&TuJ? rif; ausmif;rSm bmjzpfvmvkdYvJ/ rif; Munhf&wm*PSrNidrfygvm;/ bmjzpfwmvJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 73
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]bmrSrjzpfygbl;qkd...}}a&TuJ 'DvlawGa&SUrSm qufrae&JawmhbJ wpfae&mukd
cPa&SmifzkdY pOf;pm;um xGufonf/ wHcg;0em;a&mufrS vG,ftdwfukd owd&um uref;uwef; jyefajy;um vG,ftdwfukd ,lonf/'DxJu "mwfyHkESihfydkufqHtdwfukd 'DvlawG jrifoGm;vdkY rjzpfyg/
]][...'Daumif 'ku©yJ/ rif; bmjzpfaewmvJ a&TuJ/tck b,fvJ}}
]]xrif;oGm;pm;rvdkY}}vG,ftdwfukd qkyfum uaomuarsm ajy;qif;oGm;onhf
a&TuJudkMunhfum rdk;ausmfwkdY tHhMoaeMuonf/]]'Daumif wpfckckawmh jzpfaew,fuG/ bmjzpfaeovJom
rodwm}}]]at;av.../ xrif;pm;zkdY vG,ftdwf jyef,l&w,fvdkY}}]]aeygapuGm.../ awmom;jzpfwJh jyóemukd b,fawmhrS
NrdKUom;&Sif;vkdY r&bl;qkdwm rif;wkdY NrJNrJrSwfxm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
74 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJ a&TMu,fvufzuf&nfqkdifxJrSm ikwfwkwfxkdifumililBuD; ai;aerdonf/ pvG,fokdif;NyD; vG,fxm;aom vG,ftdwf0ukdvnf; vufwpfzufjzihf wif;wif;qkyfum udkifxm;onf/
ol ykdufqHtdwfukdukdifum vrf;tauGUodkY vSpfceJcsKd;rauGUrDrkd;rdk;pkd;u olYukd taotcsmjrifoGm;onfqkdwmukd ol jyefjrefa,mifrdwkdif; olY&Sufpdwfu ESvHk;om;xJu ckefwufvmum olYrsufESmukd jzef;ceJ ½kdufykwfonf/ ol bmhaMumihf vrf;Mum;auGUxJukdcyfjrefjref 0ifrdvkdufavoenf;/
aocsmpOf;pm;awmhrS a&SUrS pHkwGJ[k ol xifxm;aomaumifrav;rSm rdk;pkd;jzpfaeaMumif; ½kwfw&uf odvkduf&ojzihf&Sufum ol vSpfceJ 0ifvkdufrdjcif;yifjzpfonf/ xkdtcsdeftxdxkdykdufqHtdwfonf rkd;rkd;pdk;\ tdwfjzpfaMumif; ol rodao;yg/rdk;rdk;pkd;uawmh aemufvkdufvmaomolonf ykdufqHtdwfusoGm;wmukd jrifvdrhfrnf/ 'Dawmh aumufNyD; uref;uwef; vpfajy;onf[k wGufrSm usdef;aoonf/
ol i,fpOf ajcmufESpfom;t&G,fwkef;u ta&Smifqkdaomupm;azmf w½kwfuav;xHrS avmufpvHk;ig;vHk; ckd;cJhzl;onf/ta&Smifu wkdifawmh q&mawmfbk&m;rdum olYukd Budrfjzihf ig;csufwD;zl;\/ NyD;awmh uHig;yg;ukd vHkNcHKap&ef aeYpOf a[majymqHkroGefoifcJhonf/ a&TuJ usL;vGefcJhaom ttdEé'geuH\ tusKd;tjypf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 75
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rsm;ukd txl;ojzihf tav;ay;a[mMum;cJhojzihf xkduwnf;uolrsm;ypönf;qkdvQif tyfwkdwpfacsmif;udkrQyif a&TuJ rypfrSm;&Jawmh/
tckawmh rdrdu rcdk;&ygbJ olckd;tjzpfodkY a&mufaeaomþtjzpfrS vGwfajrmuf&eftwGuf taumif;qHk;ajz&Sif;&ef enf;ukda&TuJpOf;pm;aomfvnf; tajzu ray:/ bmvkyf&rSef; rod/wpfaqmifwnf;ae oli,fcsif;oHk;a,mufudk wdkifyif&ef tBudrfBudrfpOf;pm;rdaomfvnf; olYay:wGif xkdoHk;a,mufu cifrif&if;ESD;pGmem;vnfay;rnf r[kwfaMumif;ukd a&TuJ pOf;pm;rdojzihf a&SUaeiSm;rSaxmifvHk;vHk;usrnhftjzpfESihf &ifqkdifwkd;vdrhfrnf[k awG;xifumpdwfxJwGif r&GHUr&J&Sdaeonf/
'DvkdqkdvQif reufjzefreuf rkd;rdk;pkd;ukd ukd,fwkdif ykdufqHtdwfay;&if;ESihf olBuHKcJhorQ &Sif;jy&ef awG;rdaomfvnf; [kdbufu,HkMunfí vufcHvQif taumif;om;/ r,HkMunfbJ olYukd ykdufqHtdwfckd;ol[k olYtjrif olYtawGUt& tckdiftrmajymvmvQif olb,fvdkajz&Sif;&rnfqkdwmukd rodojzihf a&TuJrSm b,fbufukdvkduf&rSef;rodbJ a&SUrSmvmcsay;xm;aom vufzuf&nfukdvnf;raomufEkdif/ yvmwmukdvnf; rpm;/ tai;om;ESihf oufjyif;ukdomcsí ae&avonf/
xkdodkY q,frdepfcefYaeNyD;rS pdwfukd tEkdifEkdifxdef;csKyfumvG,ftdwfxJrS rdk;rdk;pkd;\ykdufqHtdwfukd r&Jw&JESihf tomxkwfumMunhf&ef BudK;pm;onf/ xkdykdufqHtdwfukd ol aMumufonf/ odkYaomfrMunhfbJvnf; raeEdkif/ olMunfhaewmukd ab;vlawG jrifoGm;rSmukdvnf; aMumufaerdojzihf aemufqHk; udk,fhvG,ftdwfxJu ydkufqHtdwfukd olckd; ckd;ovdk jyefckd;um tom0SufMunhf&onf/
ykdufqHtdwfukd zGihfvkdufonfESihf rkd;rdk;pkd;\ "mwfyHkukd t&if
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
76 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
awGU&onf/ "mwfyHkoHk;av;yHku ol uref;uwef;xkd;xnhfcJhojzihfykdufqHtdwftMum;wGif n§yfum jyefYusJaeonf/ ol aMumufaMumufESihf pkodrf;um wpfyHkukd vufz0g;xJ0SufNyD; tomMunhf&onf/
vkdifpifyHkxJrSm wnfwnfNidrfNidrfuav; vSaeaom rkd;rdk;pkd;\yd&dpGmaphxm;onhf EIwfcrf;rsm;u olYudk avSmifNyHK; NyHK;aeonf[kol xifonf/ olYwnhfwnhfukd pdkufMunhfaeaom rsuf0ef;rsm;u]eifckd;wm igodw,f} [k olYukd ajymaeovkd toHxGufaeojzihfa&TuJ vefYjzefYum vG,ftdwfxJodkY ydkufqHtdwfukd twif;xkd;xnhf&if;xxGufcJhonf/
]][m.../ tpfukd cPaeOD;av/ ydkufqHr&Sif;&.../ [m...aomufvnf; raomuf&ao;ygvm;/ ygq,fxkwfoGm;rSmvm;tpfukd}}
pm;yGJxkd;aumifav;u ½kwfw&uf vufukd zrf;qGJumajymojzihf a&TuJ vefYjzefYum ][kwfygw,f} [k yg;pyfu ajymrdoGm;onf/
]]pm;yGJay:u yvmwmeJY 0rf;wD;ukd ygq,f/ wpf&mhoHk;q,f,lr,f}}
pm;yGJxkd;atmfoHaMumihf a&TuJyg;pyfu ][kduf}ceJ atmfrdonf/ reufu ausmif;oGm;awmh xHk;pHtwkdif; reufoHk;aiGwpf&mom ,loGm;cJhonf/ xkdwpf&mu ausmif;rSm ukefcJhNyD/ taqmifa&mufawmhvnf; uref;uwef; xGufvmcJh&ojzihf olYaowåmxJuaiGukd rxkwfcJh&/ tck vufzuf&nfzkd;ukd b,fvdk ay;&rnfenf;/a&TuJ pdwfqif;&JBuD;pGm 0rf;enf;pGmjzifh rsufvHk;awGukd rSdwfypfvkdufonf/
]t&Sifbk&m;/ wynhfawmfukd cGifhvTwfygbk&m;/ wynhfawmf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 77
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
olYaiGukd ckd;oHk;wm r[kwfygbl; bk&m;/ vkdvkdY cPoHk;NyD; jyefpkdufrSmygbk&m;}
q&mawmfbk&m;ukd tm½HkjyKNyD; &ifxJu vIdufvIdufvSJvSJwkdifwnfum rsufvHk;ukd zGifhvdkufawmh...olYa&SUa&SUwnhfwnhfrSm ygq,fxkyfuav;ukdifum pyfNzJJNzJESifh &yfaeaom pm;yGJxkd;uav;ukd awGUvkduf&ojzihf a&TuJ vefYvnf; vefYoGm;onf/ &Sufvnf; &SufoGm;onf/
]]rwfwyftdyfNyD; bmawG&GwfaewmvJ tpfukd}}a&TuJ &Sufum rTefxlaeojzihf bmawG jyefajym&rSef;
rodbJ pm;yGJxkd;uav;ukd jyL;aMumifaMumifESihf Munhfaerdonf/]]wpf&mhoHk;q,fusw,f tpfukda&.../ tdyfraeeJYOD;}}a&TuJ vlawGrjrifatmif uG,fNyD; vG,ftdwfxJu ydkufqH
tdwfudk aMumuf&GHUwkef,ifpGmESihf,lum ydkufqHtdwfwpf&Gufukd uref;uwef; xkwfay;vkdufonf/
]]axmifwef...wpf&mhoHk;q,f,lr,f}}pm;yGJxkd;uav;u olay;aom ydkufqHukd,l&if; atmfum
ajy;oGm;avonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
78 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]'gqkd eifu udkzkd;usm;ukd ydkufqHtdwf,loGm;wJh vlvkdYvHk;0 rxifbl;aygh}}
]][kwfw,f.../ vHk;0 rxifbl;}}]]omomuawmh xifw,fuG/ ol aemufuvdkufvmwm
qkd&if rif;vufxJu ykdufqHtdwfuswmukd vHk;0 jrif&r,f/jrifuwnf;u bmjzpfvkdY vmray;wmvJ}}
]]omom.../ ausmif;NyD;&if rif; qGJcsa&SUaeomvkyfawmh/rif;pum;u odyfwpfzufowfqefwmyJ/ jrifcsifrSvnf; jrifrSmaygh/rjrifcGihfvnf; olYrSm &SdwmyJ[m}}
]]uJ...xm;vkdufygawmh/ acrmhukd ajymjyawmh udkzkd;usm;uydkufqHtdwfukd udkifvsufeJY rif;wkdYukd Munhfw,fqkd/ NyD;awmhvrf;csKd;xJukd ajy;NyD; 0ifoGm;w,fqkd/ 'gqdk&if...}}
]]cPav; acrm/ tJ'gu ukd,hftxifawmh [kd ausmfpkd;qkdwJhvlaMumihf jzpfvdrhfr,fxifw,f}}
]]tif;...rif;uawmh ausmif;NyD;&if w&m;vdkbufu rvkdufeJY/ w&m;cHbufuom vdkufawmh rdk;pkd;/ uJ...omom wpfckajymr,f/ tJ'DaeYu ausmfpkd;qkdwJhvlukd aMumufvdkY ajy;w,fxm;/'DaeYusawmh bmjzpfvdkY tckcsdefxd ydkufqHtdwfukd vmray;ao;wmvJ/ uJ...}}
]]rdk;pkd;uvnf; tm;enf;wJholbufuyJ ulnDr,fvdkY tNrJ
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 79
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
qHk;jzwfxm;wmyg/ ukdzkd;usm;u twef;tcsdefjynhfwufwwfw,fqkdwm rif;wkdYvnf; odNyD;om;yJ/ tck ausmif;qif;zkdY wpfcsdefvkdaeao;w,f/ w&m;cHukd 'Davmufawmh tcGihfta&;ay;OD;rSaygh}}
]]aumif;NyDav/ apmihfMunhf&ao;wmaygh/ acrmuawmh'DtrIrSm w&m;olBuD;aemf}}
odk Yaomf aemufxyf av;q,hfig;rdepfjynhfoGm;csdeftxdolY&JUukdzk d;u ay:rvmyg/ rkd;pkd;&ifxJrSm qHk;½IH;rIu rcH&yfEk difatmif [kd'Dckefvsuf&Sdonf/ ydkufqH av;aomif;ausmfukd qHk;½IH;vkduf&onhftwGuf r[kwf/ olu ,HkMunfxm;aom ,HkMunfrIwpfckukdqHk;½IH;vkdufjcif;om jzpfygonf/
]]uJ...rkd;pkd;? wcsKdUa,mufsm;awG[m qeftdwfukdom ½kd;om;pdwfeJY tdrfta&muf xrf;ykdYcsifykdYEkdifr,f/ ykdufqHav;aomif;ausmfukdawmh ½kd;om;pdwfeJY tdrfta&muf vmrydkYEdkifbl;qkdwm rif; odNyDr[kwfvm;}}
rdk;pkd;bmrS jyefrajymEkdif/ &ifxJrSm bmukdrSef;rod a'goxGufvsuf&Sdonf/ xkdtcsdefrSmyif rdk;pkd;u uifwif;xJ0ifvmaomwifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYukd awGUoGm;onf/
]]aumif;NyD.../ rkd;pkd; aemufqHk;wpfckawmh BudK;pm;Munhfr,f[kwfNyDvm;/ a[h...a[h...uRwf...uRwf/ [kwfw,f.../ &SifwkdYukdac:wm/ 'D0kdif;ukd cPvmxkdifygvm;}}
rdk;pkd;vSrf;ac:oHaMumihf wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY tdyfrufxJrsm;a&mufaeovm;[k xifoGm;Muonf/ trSefawmh olwkdYuvnf;acrmESihf omomht&dyfuav;rsm;ukd Munhf&ef 0if;Edkifqdkaom umwGef;q&mu rdk;pkd;ukd wpfaMumif;rsOf; ckd;qGJ&ef rdk;pkd;wdkYxkdifavh&SdaomqkdifxJrS cyfa0;a0;cHkukd wrifvmxkdifjcif;om jzpfygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
80 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]bmudpö&SdvkdYvJ omom}}]]&Sihfukd uRefrac:wm r[kwfbl;/ ol ac:wm}}omomu rsufESmwnfwnfESihf ajymum wjcm;bufokdY
vSnhfoGm;ojzihf wifatmifrif;odrf; 'ku©a&mufoGm;onf/]][kwfygw,f/ rkd;pkd;u ar;p&m&SdvdkYyg/ &SifwkdY udkzdk;usm;
tJ...[kd a&TuJukd ajymwm/ ol 'DaeY ausmif;rwufbl;vm;}}]]rodbl;cifAsm/ reufu ausmif;oGm;zkdYajymawmh xGD...
'Daumifu zl;...zl;zvl;...tJ cP/ *vk*vk...xGD/ tif;...'DuGrf;ukdvnf; jzwfrSyguGm/ ͱ®®§ aemf acrm/ 'Daumifu apmifBuD;acgif;NcHKNyD; rwufawmhbl;vkdY ajymwmyJ acrm&JU}}
]]&Sihfukd acrmar;wm r[kwfbl;/ ol ar;aewm}}]]aMomf...[kwfuJhyg/ ͱ®®§ aemf...acrm}}]]aumif;NyD/ 'gqkd&if rdk;pkd;wpfckar;r,f/ &SifwkdYoli,fcsif;u
bmjzpfvkdY ausmif;rwufcsifwmygvkdY ajymao;vm;}}]][ihftif;...rajymbl;}}]]raeYu ol toHk;taqmifypönf;awGbmawG 0,fwma&m
&SifwkdY awGUao;vm;}}pdwftm;xufoefpGmjzihf ar;aeaom rkd;pkd;ukd Munhfum
rkd;ausmfwkdY awmfawmf Za0Z0g jzpfoGm;Muonf/ olwkdYukd ac:xkdifckdif;NyD;rS bmr[kwfaom tnmom;taMumif;ukd ar;ae&ygoenf;/
]]bmrS0,fwmawmh rawGUbl;cifAs/ tJ...raeYu uRefawmfwkdY taqmifjyefa&mufawmh 'Daumif *PSmrNidrfjzpfaew,fpkd;.../uRefawmfwkdYar;awmhvnf; bmrSjyefrajzbl;/ NyD;awmh vG,ftdwfukdqGJNyD; jyL;aMumifrl;aMumifeJY xGufoGm;w,f/ tawmfMumvdkY jyefvmawmh vufzuf&nfwpfcGufeJY yvmwmwpfcsyfukd ygq,f0,fvmNyD;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 81
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
olYwkdifxdyfrSmcsdwfNyD; apmifacgif;NcHK tdyfawmhwmyJ/ naepmawmifx rpm;bl;/ tdyfaysmfyHkvnf; r&ygbl;...pkd;&m/ [kdbuf 'DbufvSdrhfaewm uRefawmfwkdY Mum;ae? jrifae&wmyJ/ 'geJY pkd;u bmjzpfvkdY'DaumihftaMumif; ar;ae&wmvJ}}
olwkdYxJrSm tat;qHk;? pum;tenf;qHk; 0if;Ekdifu pum;ukdc&m;a&vTwfajymum rkd;pkd;ukd pkd;awG bmawG ac:cGihf&oGm;ojzihfrdk;ausmfwdkY rausreyf jzpfaeMuonf/ omomESihf acrmuvnf;BudK;rdefYusNyD;om; w&m;cHa&SUu tumtuG,fwpfck &vkd&jim;BudK;pm;aeaom rdk;pkd;ukd rJhMuonf/ rdk;pkd;uawmh olYqHk;½IH;rItwGuftvif;a&mif rukefao;[k ,lqum 0rf;omtm;&ESihf 0if;Edkiftem;odkYolYxkdifcHktao;uav;ukd a&GUum...
]]uJ...'gqkd&if raeYujzpfcJhwJh tjzpfrSefukd rkd;pkd; &SifwkdYukdwpfcgwnf; ajymjyr,f}}
rkd;rdk;pkd;ESihf 0if;EdkifwkdY yl;uyfoGm;Muonf/ rdk;ausmfwkdY rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;Mu\/ acrmESihf omomu wtHhwMo MunhfMuonf/
]]pdwfcsyg acrm/ ukd,f tm;vHk;&JU pGJcsufawGukdyg ajymjyrSmyg/ aemufqHk;t,lcH0ifw,fvkdYyJ oabmxm;vdkufygawmh [kwfvm;/uJ...raeYu jzpfyHku 'Dvkd...}}
teD;uyfqHk;rSm&Sdaeaom 0if;Edkif bmudkrS rMum;awmh/olESihfeD;uyfvGef;aom rdk;rdk;pkd;\ ½IdufzdkBuD;i,f toG,foG,fESihfoif;ysHUESpfvdkzG,f ukd,feHYuav;Mum;rSm arsmíoGm;onf/ ol qGJcsifonhf wpfaMumif;rsOfxuf ykdíyg;aom wpfaMumif;rsOf;rsm;ukdjrifae&onf/ aMomf...olY&JU&Gmuav;u &GmolawGeJYawmh uGmvScsnfuvm;/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
82 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
El&m0JqGJaeolukd olck d;trSwfESihf taxmif;cH&um xkdolckd;[kxif&ol vdrhfqif;oGm;aom ajredrhf&mrS vHSu &if0wnfhwnhfukd pkdufNyD;rS uHqkd;rrkd;u tay:u &Gmcsjcif;cH&ovkd a&TuJ bmpum;rS rajymEkdifawmh/ tckawmh ol ykdufqHtdwfckd;w,fqkdwmukdtaqmifaeazmfawGuyg odukefMuNyD/
]]rif;tajctae qkd;oGm;wm 'DaeY ausmif;rwufbJ aeNyD;pkd;&JU ykdufqHtdwfukd oGm;jyefray;wmbJ}}
]][kwfw,f.../ [kdu rif;ukd olckd;vdkY vHk;0 xifrxm;bl;a&TuJ/ rif;uGm...'Davmuf t&ovm;/ olu ausmfpkd;qkdwJhaumifukdrBudKufvkdY ynmay;wmuG}}
a&TuJ acgif;BuD;iHkYum Nidrfae&mrS armhMunhfvkdufawmh rsuf0ef;rSm rsuf&nfawG0Jum ESmacgif;BuD;u eDumaeonf/ rkd;ausmfwkdY vefYum oGm;Mu\/
]]bmjzpfvkdYvJ a&TuJ/ jyóemu &Sif;aeNyDyJ[m}}]]r[kwfbl;As/ usKyfu olYykdufqHukd oHk;NyDaeNyD}}]][m...oHk;ypfvkdufNyDvm;/ b,favmuf oHk;vkdufovJ/
bmawG 0,fvkdufvkdYvJ/ ajymprf;yguG...ajymprf;yg}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u a&TuJycHk;ukd qGJ&rf;cgum ar;onf/
a&TuJ rsuf&nfawGukd okwfypfvkdufonf/]]usKyf 0efcHrSmygAsm/ 'gayr,hf usKyfckd;wmawmh r[kwfbl;As}}]]at;yguGm...at;yg/ tJ'gukd igwkdY,Hkygw,f/ uJ...oli,f
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 83
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
csif;/ rif; olYykdufqH b,favmufoHk;cJhvdkYvJ/ ajym...ajymprf;yguGm}}0if;Ekdifu tvQifpvdk ar;onf/ a&TuJu ESyfn§pfum
aeao;\/ rkd;ausmfuawmh pdwfvIyf&Sm;pGm uGrf;wpf,mukd yg;pyfxJxnhfiHkonf/ olYyg;pyfxJrSm r0g;&ao;uGrf;u av;,mvmuf&SdaeNyD/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u pdwfr&Snfawmh.../
]]ajymavuGm.../ b,favmufvJvkdY}}]]wpf&mhoHk;q,f...}}oHk;a,mufpvHk; acgif;awG vefxGufoGm;Mu\/]]aoygawmhuGm.../ aiGwpf&mhoHk;q,frsm;...a[haumif
rif;ray;csif&if igpdkufay;r,fuGm/ idkraeeJYawmh}}]]cifAsm;wif r[kwfbl;As/ avmuygv ewfrif;BuD;av;yg
vmpkdufay;awmif r&awmhbl;As/ od&JUvm;}}a'gowBuD; xatmfaom a&TuJ\atmfoHaMumihf tm;vHk;
tHhMooGm;Muonf/ 0if;Edkifu...]][...bmjzpfvkdYwkef;}}]]bmjzpf&rvJ/ usKyfoHk;rdwmu olYtdwfxJu wpfaxmif
wefAs/ ykdufqHtrf;NyD; wpfaxmifwefjyefxnhfvkdYvnf; r&bl;/olYaxmifwefawGu eHygwfpOftwkdif; topfusyfcRwf bPfxkwfaiGAs/ od&JUvm;}}
rkd;ausmfwdkYtm;vHk; NidrfoGm;Muonf/ bmajym&rSef;rodawmh/]]'Dawmh ydkufqHtdwfjyefay;vkdY olYykdufqHawGukd MunhfwmeJY
usKyfoHk;xm;wm odrSmyJ/ usKyfukd olckd;vkdY ajymrSmyJ/ olwpfyg;ypönf;ukd ykdif&SifrodbJ oHk;wm[m olckd;r[kwfvkdY bmvJ/ cifAsm;wkdYBuD;a':vm;/ tJ'gaMumihf usKyf jyefray;&JwmAs/ odvm;}}
qlnHaeaom taqmifonf rdepfawmfawmfrsm;rsm; wdwf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
84 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
umoGm;\/ cPMumawmhrS 0if;Ekdifu avaysmhuav;jzihf ar;onf/]]rif; tJ'Dwpf&mhoHk;w,fukd bm0,fvkdufwmvJ oli,fcsif;}}a&TuJ yxr bmrSrajym/ aemufqHk;rS...]]vufzuf&nfeJY yvmwm}}0if;Edkifu 0kef;ceJ xckefum tm;&0rf;om atmfonf/]][m.../ 'gqkd&if tqifajyNyD? tqifajyNyD? tJ'DtaMumif;
ukd igajymrdw,f a&TuJ&}}]][kwfw,f...[kwfw,f/ rkd;rdk;pkd; odw,f}}]]'DvkduGm.../ igwkdYajymcJhwmawGtm;vHk; rif;ukd &Sif;jyr,f}}rdk;ausmfwkdY 0k dif;&Sif;jywmudk a&TuJ aoaocsmcsm em;
axmifonf/ pum;ukefawmh ol 'DykdufqHtdwfukd rckd;ygqkdaomtcsufukd &Sif;&ef vrf;pu ay:vmonf/
]]usKyfu wrifoHk;wmrS r[kwfbJ/ cifAsm;wkdYodrSmpkd;vkdY&SufNyD; xGufoGm;wm/ ykdufqHrygwmeJY...}}
]]at;yg.../ tJ'Dudpöukd rif; BuHKwJhtwkdif;om ajymjy/igwkdYuvnf; axmufcHr,f/ ta&;BuD;qHk;tcsufu tJ'DykdufqHtdwfudk rkd;pkd;u wrifypfcsNyD; ausmfpkd;qkdwJhvlukd ynmay;w,fqkdwmukdrif; rodbl;qkdwmbJ/ tJ'gukdom t"duxm;NyD;ajym/ tJ'grarhapeJY}}
]]pdwfcsAs.../ 'gayr,hf usKyfwpfa,mufwnf;awmh roGm;&Jbl;As}}
]]rif;vnf; xyfpdwfcsvkdufoli,fcsif;/ igwkdYuvnf; rif;eJYtwlwlvkdufrSmyg}}
'DvkdESihf...reufjzefwGif aeomum yef;rsm;yGihfMuvdrhfrnf[ktm;vHk;u xifMuygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 85
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uì euì euì euì euì e
]]bk&m;pl;&ygapeJYAsm.../ usKyfb0rSm tJ'D avmufpmvHk;ig;vHk;uvGJvkdY vlrsm;ypönf;qkdvkdY tyfwkdwpfacsmif;awmif r,lcJhbl;wmyg/ ckeu ajymcJhovkdyJ/ usKyf rodvkdufwmu ausmfpkd;qkdwJhvl&nf;pm;pum;vkdufajymwmukd ykdufqHtdwfcsNyD; ynmay;vdkufw,fqkdwmudk rodwmygbJ/ usKyfukd cGifhvTwfyg/ tJ'Daumifukdom ynm'Dvkday;rSef;od&if...}}
]]uJ...awmfygawmh&Sif/ uRefrykdufqHtdwfukdom jyefay;yg}}rkd;pkd;u avoHrmrmESihf ajymawmhrS ykdufqHtdwfukd ray;
ao;bJESihf udkifxm;&if; vufawGukd ½Iyf,Sufcwfatmif &Sif;aeaoma&TuJ NidrfoGm;wmudk awGU&onf/ b,favmuf toHk;ruswJhvlvJ/ausmfpkd;\ nDr o&zDukd,fwkdif 0dkif;xJrSm&Sdaewmukd rsufESm&dyf rsufESmuJjyvkdYvnf; oabmrayguf/ ausmfpkd;ukd ynmay;cJhonfhudpöukdig;Budrfavmuf xyfajymaeonf/ ajcaxmufukd rdk;pkd;u wufeif;awmhvnf; oluyif jyefum uefawmh[k awmif;yefao;\/'ku©yguvm;/
]][kwfuJh.../ ykdufqHtdwfxJu ykdufqHwpf&mhoHk;q,fukd
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
86 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
oHk;NyD;awmh uRefawmfuav [kd...axmifwefeJY...}}]]uJ...awmfMupkdY/ aemufaeYusrS tJ'Dudpöukd uRefr quf
ajymr,f/ [kwfNyDvm;.../ uRefr &Sihfukd ,Hkygw,f/ em;vnf;vnfw,f/ &Sif olckd;r[kwfqkdwmawmh/ uJav.../ aemufaeYrSqufajymwmaygh/ &Sif oGm;vkdY&NyD}}
rkd;pkd;pum;qHk;awmh rsufvHk;tjyL;om;ESihfMunhfum cPNidrfaeao;onf/ NyD;awmhrS bmrSrajymbJ x&yfum xGufoGm;onf/a&TuJ xGufoGm;awmhrS [kdwpfzufcHku oli,fcsif;awGvnf; vkdufxGufoGm;Mu\/ rkd;pkd;wkdYoHk;a,mufpvHk; o&zDhukd rsufESmylvGef;ojzihf bmqufajym&rSef; rodbJ NidrfumaeMuonf/
]]aMomf.../ 'Dvkdqkd&if ukdukd rkd;pkd; ynmay;vkdufwmukdcHvkduf&wmayghaemf}}
rkd;pkd;wdkY bmrS rajymEdkifMu/]]ukdudkYtjzpfuvnf; oem;p&m aumif;ygw,f/ csrf;csrf;
omomeJY aq;ausmif;wufae&wJhvlu 'DvkdyHkwkef; tnmom;wpfa,mufukdrS r,SOfEkdifbl;qkdawmh...}}
]]o&zD cPavmuf rdk;pkd; ajymyg&ap/ rdef;uav;wpfa,mufrSm udk,f rESpfoufwJhvlukd jiif;cGihfr&Sdbl;vm;}}
o&zDu NyHK;onf/]]&Sdwmaygh/ ,Ofaus;wJholqkd&if ,Of,Ofaus;aus; jiif;oihf
w,f/ tckvkd ynmay;wmawmh...}}]]tJ'gu EIwfeJY jiif;wmxuf ydkNyD;nifomwJh trlt,meJY
jiif;enf;yg/ 'gayr,hf 'Djiif;enf;[mvnf; a&TuJaMumihf txrSrajrmufcJhbJ}}
o&zDu acgif;uav;udk armhum cyf[[ toHcyfEkEkjzihf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 87
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
&,fonf/]]tJ'gaMumihf ykdemzkdYaumif;wmaygh/ 'DyHkwkef;aumifavmufrS
ukdukdu 'DudpörSm ae&mr&cJhwmudkav/ o&zDu rdk;pkd;udk yxrwkef;u txifBuD;cJhzl;w,f/ ½kyf&nfvnf; vSw,f/ tqihftwef;vnf;&Sdw,f/ 'DZkdif;ynmrSmvnf; uRrf;usifw,fqdkNyD;awmh.../ tckawmhtJ'Dvkd rdef;uav;u 'DyHkwkef;BuD;udkrS...}}
]]awmfNyD...o&zD/ rif;u ukd,hf0goemudka&m? ukd,hfodu©mudka&m apmfum;vkdufwmyJ/ uJ...aumif;NyD/ vlawG&JU 'DZkdif;qkdwmtcsdefra&G; jyKjyifay;vkdY &ygw,f/ jyifvdkYr&wmu pdwfyg/ rif;yHkwkef;BuD;vdkYajymwJh a&TuJukd rif;ukdukdxuf vSatmif jyKjyifay;vkdY&w,fqkdwm rif; ,Hkvm;}}
o&zDu olY&ifbwfuav;ukd olzdum ]aMomf...[kwfvm;}[k ta&;wBuD; pdwf0ifpm;[efjzihf cyf&d&dajymonf/
]][kwfw,f o&zD/ rif; r,Hk&if apmihfMunhfvkdufav}}]]b,favmufMumatmif apmifh&rSmvJ}}]]wpfveJY 10 &uf}}]]avmif;aMu;u bmvJ...}}o&zDpum;aMumihf tm;vHk; aMumufrufzG,f&m aumif;
avmufatmif wdwfqdwfoGm;Muonf/]]aumif;NyD.../ rif;yJajymyg o&zD}}o&zDu vuf0g;uav;ESpfzufukd zGzGuav;½kdufum NyHK;&if;
ta0;odkY ai;um wpfcsufpOf;pm;onf/]]rdk;pkd;awmif;wJh tcsdefjynhfvkdY 'DvlYukd o&zDu todrSwfjyK
avmufatmif ajymif;vJay;Edkif&if tJ'D ukefusp&dwftm;vHk;ukdo&zD ay;r,f/ rkd;pkd;½IH;&if o&zDhukdukdYukd cspfrvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
88 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]tpfukdukd awmfawmfcspfwJh nDrwpfa,mufygvm;} [ka'gojzpfaeonhfMum;uyif rdk;pkd; auseyfyDwdjzpfpGm awG;vdkufrdonf/olYrSm tpfukdwpfa,muf&SdvQifvnf; ol o&zDhvkd cspfEkdifvdrhfrnfqkdwm ,HkMunfygonf/
]]aumif;NyDav.../ 'gayr,hf ukefusp&dwfukdawmh o&zDajymovkd ray;ygeJY/ rdk;pkd;0goemrdkY ukd,fwkdifyJ tukeftuscHyg&ap/ol ajymif;vJoGm;&if o&zDhudkukdeJY wkdY bmrS rqkdifawmhbl;ayghaemf}}
]]oabmwlw,f rkd;pkd;}}rdk;pkd;ukd vufqGJEIwfqufum o&zD xoGm;onf/ oli,f
csif;ESpfa,mufu rkd;pkd;ukd aMumufvefYwMum; MunhfvkdufMu\/]]eif...bmawGavQmufajymvdkufwmvJ rkd;pkd;/ 'ku©ygyJ[m}}]]udk,hf,HkMunfcsufeJYukd,f ckdifckdifrmrm ajymvkdufwmyg
omom}}]][Jh...b,fheJY,HkMunfcsufvJ/ eif cPcP ajymajymaewJH
a,mufsm;av; armf',fwpfa,mufvkdcsifw,f...vdkcsifw,fqkdwJhpdwful;eJY ½l;vkdufwmvm;}}
[kwfonf/ ol pdwful;xm;wJh 'DZkdif;awGudk toHk;cszkdYtwGufa,mufsm;av; Ó±¼»´ wpfa,muf ol vkdcsifcJhzl;wm MumNyD/odkYaomf cifrifwJha,mufsm;av;wpfa,muf ESpfa,mufuvnf;pnf;½Hk;í r&/ omomESihfacrmhrSmuvnf; tpfukdawG armifawGr&Sdojzihf pum;om tzwfwifcJhonfukd oli,fcsif;rsm;u ajymaeMujcif; jzpfonf/
]]tJ'gvnf; ygw,f/ ynmukd ,HkNyD; rcHcsifpdwfuvnf;80% ygw,f}}
]][Jh...jzpfyghrvm;[,f/ ukdzkd;usm;u bmr[kwfwmawmif
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 89
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
tlwlwleJY[m/ eif olYukd b,fvkdpnf;½Hk;rvJ}}acrmaxmufjyonhftcsufu rSefygonf/ &G,fwla,mufsm;
av;wpfa,mufukd udk,fvkyfcsifovdk vkyfzkd Y/ udk,fqifcsifwmqifzkdY? ukd,fckdif;csifwm ckdif;zkdYqkdwm rvG,fulyg/
]]olu ½kd;om;w,f[/ tJ'D ½kd;om;rIukd cP,lNyD; ckwHk;vkyf&awmhrSmyJ/ pdwfrylygeJY[m/ ighrSm enf;&Sdygw,f/ eifwkdYuvnf;0kdif;awmh ulay;&rSmaygh}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
90 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rvkdufbl;Asm.../ olu usKyfukd ,Hkygw,fvkdY ajymNyD;NyDyJ/'DaeY bmrS xyfac:p&m rvdkawmhbl;/ 'Dudpövnf; NyD;NyD.../'gyJ}}
]][m...a&TuJ/ rif;u tcGihfta&;ukd awmfawmf toHk;rcswwfwJhaumifyJ/ 'DrSm ausmif;xJu a,mufsm;av;wpfawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u rkd;pkd;eJYcifcGihf&zkdYawmif awmfawmf BudK;pm;aeMu&wJhtcsdefrSm olu rif;ukd vkdvkdvm;vm; vmygvkdY pma&;NyD; ac:wmawmifrS rif;u roGm;bl;qkdawmh...}}
]]tJ'DaumifawGu wPSmorm;awGyJAs/ rD;udk rD;rSef;rodbJ wkd;wJh ykd;zvHawGyJ/ usKyfu olwkdYeJYrS rwlwm/ tJ'Drdef;reJYawGUvkduf&wkdif; usKyfrSm wkefvIyf&? yifyef;&? 'ku©jzpf&eJY pdwfESvHk;yifyef;&wmcsnf;yJ/ awmfNyDAsm...rvkdufawmhbl;}}
a&TuJu a&wrmyifwef;cHkrS ckefcsum xGuf&efjyifonf/0if;Edkifu xqGJum...
]]a&TuJ.../ [kdaeYu olajymvkdufwJhpum;ukd rif; jyefpOf;pm;/ rif;ukd ,Hkw,f.../ em;vnf; vnfw,fwJh/ 'gayr,hf rif;olckd;r[kwfbl; qkdwmudkawmh aemufrS qufajymr,fwJh/ 'DudpöurNyD;ao;bl;uG/ tJ'DtwGuf ac:wm/ rif; roGm;vdkY r&bl;}}
a&TuJ bmvkyf&rSef;rod jzpfaeonf/ rdef;rawG&JUtvS[mpkef;eJY ua0eJY wlonf/ olwkdYu jyKpm;NyDqkdvQif jyKpm;cH&ola&m
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 91
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ywf0ef;usifukdyg rdef;armoGm;ap\/ ol 'Drdef;rukd aMumufonf/'gayr,hf oGm;vnf; awGUcsifaeonf/ vHk;axG;aeMuaom aMumufpdwfESihf oGm;csifpdwfESpfcktMum;rSm a&TuJ tm;ukdwif;um aMumufpdwfbufrS aeae&jcif;om jzpfonf/
]]awmfNyDAsm.../ usKyf cifAsm;wkdYukdvnf; r,Hkbl;/ [dkaeYuvnf; twlwlvkdufr,fqkdNyD; cifAsm;wkdYu wjcm;0kdif;rSm oGm;xkdifw,f/ tckvJ...}}
]]uJ...'DaeY igwkdYtm;vHk; wpfcHkwnf;rSm xkdifMur,fuGm/igwkdY uwday;w,f/ tJ'DaeYu olwkdY0kdif;rSm vlawGrsm;aevkdYyg...oli,fcsif;&JU/ uJ...csdef;xm;wJhtcsdefvnf; vGefawmifaeNyD/ oGm;&atmifyguGm}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;u a&TuJycHk;ukd zufum &if;&if;ESD;ESD;ajym&if; olY&ifcGJxJqGJum n§pfonf/ t"dyÜm,fu wkdYudk ulnDygqkdonhfoabm/ olwkdYu acrm? omomwkdYESihf t&rf;ywfoufcsifaeMuonf r[kwfvm;/ tck 'Dpmudkay;onhf omomudk,fwkdifu]&SifwkdYvnf; vkdufcJh&r,faemf} [k tNyHK;uav;ESihf ajymonf r[kwfvm;/ 'DtcGihfta&;ukd olwdkY vufvGwfrcHEdkifyg/ &atmifac:vmcJhr,fomom[k uwdvnf; ay;NyD;NyD r[kwfvm;/
a&TuJukd rkd;ausmfa&m? 0if;Edkifa&mu 0ifzufum...]]vmygoli,fcsif;&m.../ ol bmajymr,fqkdwmukd rif;eJY
twl wkdYyg em;axmifcsifaevkdYyg.../ vm...}}a&TuJ cEmukd,fukd awmifhumxm;ao;\/ odkYaomf r&/
[kdaumifawGu twif;n§yfum qGJac:aeMuojzihf awmifhawmihfBuD; ajcwpfvSrf;? ESpfvSrf;? oHk;vSrf;txd a&GUNyD;awmh wif;awmifhxm;orQawG avQmhumoGm;onf/ aemufykdif; ajcvSrf;rsm;u olukd,f
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
92 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wkdif vkdvkdcsifcsifvSrf;aom ajcvSrf;rsm;om jzpfygonf/odkYaomf csdef;xm;onhf uJifwif;xJa&mufawmh rdk;pkd;wkdYr&Sd
awmh/ [kwfonf/ csdef;xm;aom tcsdefxuf rdepfESpfq,favmufolwkdYbufu aemufusoGm;onf r[kwfvm;/ a&TuJukd,fwkdif&ifxJrSm [moGm;onf/ odkYaomf [kdaumifawGuawmh yGufavm½kdufukef\/ tm;vHk;u oGm;&ef Mumaeaom a&TuJukd 0dkif;tjypfwifMuonf/ a&TuJuawmh bmrSrajym/ 'g olvkdcsifcJhaom yxrtajctae r[kwfvm;/ tck 'Dtwkdif;jzpfvmcJhNyDyJ/ odkYaomf...olY&ifxJrSm bmjzpfvkdY rcsifhr&Jjzpfae&wmvJ/
xkdtcsdefrSmyif...]]&SifwkdY bmjzpfvkdY aemufusae&wmvJ}}omomhtoHaMumihf [kdaumifawGtkyfpk 0dkif;awmif;yefMu
oHawG qlnHum oGm;onf/ a&TuJvnf; &ifxJrSm vIdufceJ0rf;omoGm;\/ odkYaomf bmrSawmh 0ifrajymrd/
]]aumif;NyDav.../ 'Dvkdqkd&if vm.../ uRefrwkdYu yef;NcHav;xJrSm xkdifaeMuwm}}
]]awmfao;wmayghAsm/ vm...oli,fcsif; yef;NcHxJrSmwJh}}yef;NcHxJu rsufESmcsif;qkdif cHkwef;uav;awGrSm xkdifNyD;onhf
aemuf ESpfrdepfavmuf bmpum;rS rkd;pkd;wkdYbufu rajymojzihfa&TuJa&m? [kdaumifawGyg ae&xkdif& Muyfvmonf/ a&TuJ armhMunhfawmh rdk;pkd;u olYukd NyHK;Munhfaewm jrif&\/ a&TuJ vefYumoGm;onf/
]]bmajymrSmwkef;As/ ajymr,fqkd...ajymavAsm}}rdk;pkd; tckrS a&TuJukd aoaocsmcsm Munhf&onf/ yef;csD
q&mwpfa,mufu olqGJ&rnhf ½IarQmfcif;ukd tao;pdwfMunhfovdk
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 93
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rsKd;ukd Munfh&onf/ a&TuJu t½kd;tqpf ajyjypfygonf/ odkYaomfenf;enf;ydefcsifonf/ tom;u tnmom;rdkY rjzL? odkYaomfvnf;rJwmawmh r[kwf/ tom;vwfonf[k ajymvQif&onf/ ESmwHajzmihfonf/ EIwfcrf;yd&daooyfonf/ txl;ojzihf rsufcHk;arT;u xif;umauG;ñTwfae\/ tqkd;qHk;u qHyifyHkpHESihf t0wftpm;yifjzpfonf/
]]&SifhqHyifu b,fvkdjzpfwmvJ}}]]Asm...}}rkd;pkd; rSm;oGm;NyDqkdwmukd csufcsif;odonf/ olYpdwful;xJrSm
ae&if; vSrf;ajymvkdufrdaom pum;jzpfonf/ olr yxrqHk; pajym&rnhfpum;u xkdpum;r[kwfyg/ 'gayr,hf rwwfEdkifawmh/ a&TuJuawmh awmfawmftlaMumifaMumif jzpfoGm;yHk&onf/
]]&Sifn§yfxm;wJh qHyifyHkpHukd ajymwm}}a&TuJu olYacgif;ukdol a,mifawmifawmifjzihf vufESihfoyf
onf/ vufacsmif;awGu oG,fygonf/ odkYaomf vufonf;rSmuacs;(*sD;)awGESihf/
]]q&mawmfu NrdKUrSm qHyifn§yfcawG aps;BuD;w,fqkdNyD;n§yfxm;wmAs/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ}}
aemufxyf &ufav;q,ftwGif;rSm 'DqHyif[m b,favmuf&SnfvmEkdifrvJqkdwm rkd;pkd; wGufaerdonf/ a&TuJqHyifuawmh oefonf/ NyD;awmh rkd;pdk; wpfcsufNyHK;vdkufrdonf/ olYwkdufuGufudk ajymif;&vdrhfrnf/
]]udka&TuJu q&mawmfeJY twlwlaewmvm;}}]][kwfw,f/ usKyfu q&mawmhfausmif;rSm twlwlaewm/
bmjzpfvkdYvJ/ usKyfukd bmajymrvkdYvJ/ ajymAsm...}}]]&Sifhq&mawmfu &Sifhukd olwpfyg;ypönf;ukd rcdk;&bl;qkdwm
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
94 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
tpuwnf;u ajymrxm;bl;vm;}}a&TuJ 0kef;qkd x&yfonf/ wpfukd,fvHk; wqwfqwfwkef
aeatmif a'goxGufum rdk;pkd;ukd vufn§dK;xkd;&if; bmpum;rSajymrxGufbJ ½kwfw&uf rkd;pkd;vnfyif;ukd twif;0ifum n§pfavonf/ qGJoH? atmfoH? ½kef;oHawG qlnHum oGm;Mu\/ atmfMu?½kef;Mu? qGJMu&if; aemufqHk;awmh udk,hfvlukd,f &oGm;Muonf/
rdk;pkd; &ifawG t&rf;wkefum aMumufoGm;onf/ puúefYykdif;twGif; ol bmjzpfvdkYjzpfvdkufrSef;yif rod/ oli,fcsif;awGu,yfcwfolcwf? owday;olay;? ac:olac:/ odkYaomf toHawGuvHk;axG;um bmawGrSef;rod/
]a[haumif/ rif; igwkdYodu©mudk cswmvm;/ rdef;uav;wpfa,mufukd 'Dvkdvkyf&ovm;uG/ rif; awmfawmf½kdif;wJhaumifyJ}qkdaom pum;ukd Mum;&onf/
xdkYaemuf a&TuJ\ idkoH.../ a,musfm;BuD;wpfa,muf\tm;&yg;&idkoHESihf ½IdufBuD;wiifidkyHkukd toHa&m yHkpHyg rdk;pkd; tckrSMum;zl;jrifzl;jcif; jzpfygonf/ rkd;pkd; oli,fcsif;awGMum;u ½kef;umx&yfvkdufonf/
]][Jh...rdk;pkd;...rdk;pkd;...rvkyfeJY/ 'DrSm &SifwkdYvl odyfvGef;aeNyDaemf/ bmjzpfvdkY uRefroli,fcsif;udk vnfyif;n§pf&wmvJ/ odyf½kdif;wmyJ/ apmfum;vGef;tm;BuD;w,f}}
]]awmif;yefygw,fAsm...awmif;yefygw,f/ pdwfrqkd;MuygeJY}}]]rckd;bl;As...usKyfrckd;bl;/ cifAsm;ykdufqHtdwfukd vHk;0 rckd;
bl;}}ikdoHBuD;ESihfajymaom a&TuJukd rdk;pkd; t&rf;oem;oGm;onf/
odkYaomf ol xkdoem;pdwfukd cHpm;csuftjynfhESihf &ifxJrSm odrf;xm;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 95
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
vkdufonf/ xkdtcg oem;pdwfonf apwemjzpfí oGm;\/]]'gary,hf... uRefr r,Hkbl;}}rdk;pkd; a&TuJESihf rsufESmcsif;qkdifum &yfypfvkdufonf/ qGJoH
awG? atmfoHawG qlnHum oGm;\/ odk Yaomf tem;udkawmhb,folrS a&mufrvmMu/
]]cifAsm; r,Hk&if usKyf bmvkyfjy&rvJ ajym/ ay;csifwJhopömay;/ usdefcsifoavmuf usdef? usKyf cifAsm;ypönf;ukd rcdk;bl;}}
]]rckd;bl;qkd&if 'Davmufav;ajym,HkeJY bmjzpfvkdY uRefrudkvnfyif;n§pf&wmvJ}}
a&TuJ NidrfumoGm;\/ ½kwfw&uf bmajym&rSef;rod jzpfoGm;yHk&onf/
]]rckd;bl;Asm...rckd;bl;/ usKyf cifAsm;,Hkatmif bmvkyfjy&rvJ.../ ajym}}
]]aumif;NyDav/ 'gqkd&if 'DaeYupNyD; &ufav;q,fwdwd&Sif uRefr tultnDawmif;wmudk vkyfrvm;/ ajym.../ uRefrawmif;wJh tultnDukd &Sif rjiif;qefbJ vkyf&r,f/ tJ'gqkd&ifuRefr,Hkr,f}}
]]bmjzpfvkdY vkyf&rSmvJAs/ cifAsm;ckdif;csif&mckdif;wmudk usKyfuvkyf&rSmvm;}}
]]'DrSm uRefrtultnDawmif;wJhtxJrSm uHig;yg;ukd usL;vGefwmrygbl;/ tukokdvfudpö rygbl;/ rw&m;vkyfwmvnf; rygap&bl;}}
a&TuJ NidrfumoGm;onf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;wkd YuawmhbmjzpfvkdY jzpfrSef; rodawmh/
]]bmvJ.../ qeftdwfxrf;ay;&rSmvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
96 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]&SihfcE¨mudk,fukd yifyifyef;yef; n§if;qJ&r,hfudpövnf;rygbl;/ enf;enf;awmh &Sdcsif&Sdr,f/ tJ'gqkd&if uRefru &Sif 'DykdufqHtdwfukd rcdk;bl;qkdwm ,Hkr,f/ r[kwf&ifawmh...}}
a&TuJ tHukd Budwfum NidrfoGm;onf/]]qufrajymeJY...usKyfvkyfr,f/ cifAsm;ckdif;csifwm cdkif;Asm/
q&mawmhfudkawmh xyfrapmfum;eJY.../ 'gyJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 97
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
oli,fcsif;awG twefwefwm;aeonhfMum;u vkyfcsifNyDqkdvQif ZGwfvkyfwwfaom rkd;pkd; aemufaeYawGrSm yifyef;awmhonf/oltBudrfBudrfawmif;wcJhNyD; tckrS &&Sdvmaom tcGifhta&;rdkY rkd;pkd;wuf<u&ifckefum 0rf;omaerd\/ &ufav;q,ftwGif; olYukdjyKjyifajymif;vJay;zkdY д¿² awG cs&onf/
yxrOD;qHk;tvkyfu olYed*kdudk "mwfyHk½kduf&efjzpfonf/emrnfBuD; yDwmukd и±²» vSrf;qufNyD; "mwfyHk½kdufrnfcsdef;&onf/tJ'DrSm &,fp&mwpfck pBuHKonf/ yDwmu rkd;pkd; (odkY) rdk;pkd;&JUoli,fcsif;? aumifrav;½kdufrnf[k xifyHk&\/ a&TuJudkawGUawmhyDwm awmfawmfpdwf"mwfusoGm;yHk ay:\/ "mwfyHk½kdufMuawmhudkyDwmoifay;aom Ó±¼»´ yHkawGukd a&TuJ raewwf/ tm;vHk;0dkif;azsmif;zsum ½kdufckdif;aomfvnf; aeyHkawGu tm;vHk; ukdY,kdYum;,m;csnf;om jzpfonf/
ukdyDwmhrsufESm wpfjznf;jznf;ysufvmovkd a&TuJrsufESmuvnf; &SufvGef;ojzihf eD&Jum vufawGajcawG wkefaeNyD/ukdyDwmu ]rif; bm&nf&G,fcsufeJY 'Daumihfukd "mwfyHkvm½kdufwmvJrdk;pkd;} [k a'gowBuD;ar;onf/ udpö&SdvkdYygajymNyD; rkd;pkd;Mum;0if&\/ a&TuJ aeovkdaeyap/ ukdyDwmBudKufwJh uifr&m tef*,f(vf)u ½kdufqkdrS tqifajyoGm;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
98 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ukdyDwmhxJrS &vmaom "mwfyHkawGukd ݱ³°«¬»® xJxnhfum ͽ¿² zwfum wpfyHkcsif;MunfhNyD; jyKjyif&rnhftcsufawGukdÒ±¬» xkwf&onf/ NyD;awmh 'kwd,tqihftaejzihf rdk;pkd;jyifaeMuoli,fcsif; oJyHkwdkYqkdifukd ac:oGm;um rsufESmaygif;wif&onf/a&TuJtom;ta&ESihfvkdufrnhf Ô±¬·±²ô Ý®»¿³ ponfwkdYukd 0,f&onf/
oJyHkwkdYqkdifrSm jyóemwpfck wufao;onf/ a&TuJrsufESmukd aq;NyD; Ý®»¿³ vdrf;aewkef; jzKef;qkd bmrajymnmrajymoJyHkukd wGef;z,fum xxGufoGm;ojzihf tm;vHk; 'ku©a&muf&ao;onf/ rdk;pkd;ukd,fwdkifvkdufum...vrf;rBuD;rSm qGJac: &Sif;Mu atmfMu&ao;onf/
]]usKyfrsufESmudk rvdrf;eJYAs/ usKyf tajcmufr[kwfbl;}}]]pdwfcsyg/ udka&TuJ rsufESmudk bmrSrvdrf;ygbl;.../ rkd;pkd;
uwday;ygw,f}}]]rvdrf;bl;omqkdw,f...tckvdrf;wJh at;pufpufawGu
bmawGvJAs}}]]tJ'g rsufESmoefYaq;yg/ rdwfuyfr[kwfygbl;}}]]bmAs/ rsufESmoefYaq; vdrf;&atmif cifAsm;u usKyf
rsufESmudk roefYbl; xifvdkYvm;/ usKyfukd rsufESmropfwJh aumifvkdYxifvkdYvm;}}
]]r[kwfbl; a&TuJ/ vlwpfa,muf&JU rsufESm[m aeYpOfrsufESmopf,HkeJY roefYpifEkdifbl;.../ rsufESmt&nfjym;rSm&SdwJh acR;wGif;0awGrSm uyfaewJh tnpfawG? ESmacgif;eJYEIwfcrf;wpf0kdufrSm &Sdwwfavh&SdwJh qm;0ufNcHawG...tJ'gawGudk oefY&Sif;ypfzkdYtwGufyg}}
rdk;pkd; pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf &Sif;jyawmh a&TuJ bmrSrajymawmh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 99
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
bJ acgif;idkufpdkufESihf jyefvkdufvmum cHkrSmjyefxkdifonf/ a&TuJyHkpHuolYudk vkyfcsifwm vkyfayawmhqkdwJh yHkpHrsKd;/ bmwpfcGef;rS rajymrcsif;oJyHkajymorQudk puf½kyfwpf½kyfvdk twdtusvkdufemayonf/ rkd;pkd;eHab;uMunhfae&if; &ifxJrSm raumif;/ rkd;pkd; pdwfraumif;qHk;tcsufu uRefawmfhudk bmjzpfvdkY 'gawGvkyfaewmvJ[k vHk;0a&TuJu rar;jcif;jzpfonf/
]]tJ'guawmh obm0rusbl;uGm.../ 'Davmuf qwfqwfxdrcHwJhvlu rif;vkyfcsifwm vkyfwmcHNyD;...bmjzpfvJqkdwmukdrar;wm oabm0udk rusbl;}}
]]acrmhtjrift&awmh...olYyHkpHu 0#fcHae&wJh vlvkdyJ/rif;wdkYBudKufwmvkyf.../ ightrSm;twGuf igcH&wmqkdwJh yHkpHrsKd;BuD;/olYrsufvHk;rSm bmcHpm;csufrS r&Sdbl;/ prf;oyfcef;xJu yl;wpfaumifvkdyJ.../ ig olYudkMunhfNyD; t&rf;oem;wmyJ}}
acrmESihf omomhpum;aMumifh rkd;pkd; &ifarmum oGm;onf/olYrSmvnf; ESvHk;om;eJYyJ.../ 'Dudpöukd rkd;pkd;odygonf/ olvkyfaewmuawGukd a&TuJu odvsufESihf wrifrar;wm[k yxr rdk;pkd;xifonf/aemuf...aeYpOfawGUum twloGm;...twlaeawmhrS a&TuJonfrd k;pkd;bmvkyfaeonfqdkwmukd wu,frodaMumif; odvm&\/wu,fawmh bmrSr[kwfonhftcsufuav;wpfcsufukd tEkdif,lumvlwpfa,mufukd olvkyfcsifovdk vkyfaewmjzpfaMumif; rkd;pkd;oabmaygufcJhonf/
]]ukd,f wpfckawmhajymr,fuGm? ausmfpkd;ukdjiif;qefzkdYtwGufa&TuJukd udk,ftoHk;cJhwmawmh r[kwfbl;/ ausmfpkd;ukd 'Dtwkdif;jiif;vkduf&ifvnf; &ygw,f/ a&TuJukd o&zDu yHkwHk;BuD;vdkYac:wmwpfck&,f? ukd,f t½l;trl;jrwfEkd;wJhynmukd r,HkMunfwm&,faMumihf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
100 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'Dudpöjzpfvm&wmyg/ 'Dudpötm;vHk;NyD;&if a&TuJukd auseyfatmifawmif;yefrSmyg[m.../ tJ'gawmh ukd,f uwday;ygw,f}}
'DvdkESifhwpfvjynfhaomaeYwGif a&TuJyHkpHu t&ifuESifhrwlawmhbJ awmfawmfBuD;ajymif;vJvmonfudkawmh tm;vHk;u0efcHMuonf/ qHyifyHkpHajymif;&efESifh t0wftpm;udpöom usefawmhonf/ qHyifudkawmh rdk;pdk;u aemufqHk;aeYrwdkifcifwpf&uftxdt&Snfxm;ay;&ef qHk;jzwfonf/ udk,fvdkcsifwJhqHyifyHkpH&zdkYtwGufoifhwifhaom t&Snf&SdrSom jzpfrnfr[kwfvm;/
t0wftpm;twGuf oli,fcsif;ESpfa,mufudkac:um pdwfBudKuf 'DZdkif;rsm;&&ef AdkvfcsKyfaps;? r*Fvmaps;ESihf yvmZmaygif;pHkudk ywfMu&onf/ λ¿¼§ Ó¿¼» tusÐu wpfxnfESpfxnftjyifpdwfwdkif;usr&/ 'geJY abmif;bDESifhtusÐtwGuf uydwfpawG0,fumAdkvfcsKyfaps;xJu csKyfaeus aMumifESpfaumiftyfcsKyfqdkifudkajy;umoli,fcsif;vDvDvSudk wdkifyif&onf/ vdkcsifonfhyHkpHudk ajym&onf/
&ufav;q,fjynhf&ef ESpf&uftvdkwGif tusÐrsm;? abmif;bDrsm;tm;vHk; &onf/ naebufudk yDwmhudkcsdef;um a&TuJudkac:oGm;onf/ "mwfyHk½kdufzkdY tusÐawG0wfckdif;awmhrS jyóemu wufawmhonf/ a&TuJu xkdtusÐawGudk olr0wfEkdif/ ol ,lvnf; r,lEkdifbl;[kqkdum r0wfbJaeojzihf tm;vHk;u 0dkif;acsmh&onf/ aemufqHk;"mwfyHk½kduf&eftwGufyJ 0wfckdif;wmygqkdrS 0wf\/ 'DwpfcgawmhtawGUtBuHK&SdoGm;NyDjzpfaom udkyDwmu a&TuJukd aecsifovdkaeckdif;um olYuRrf;usifrIESihf &atmif½kdufoGm;onf/
"mwfyHk½kdufNyD;onfESihf tusÐudkcRwfum a&TuJ jyefoGm;onf/'DaeY "mwfyHk½kduf&ef[kom ajymac:vmcJhojzihf olYwm0efNyD;wmESihfjyefoGm;onf/ ukd,f½kdufxm;onhf "mwfyHkudkyif udk,frMunhfaom
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 101
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJukd udkyDwmu tHhMoaecJhonf/tdrfjyefa&mufawmh rkd;pkd; ݱ³°«¬»® xJukd "mwfyHkawG
xnhfum ͽ¿² zwfonf/ yxryHk? 'kwd,yHk? ,ckaemufqHk;yHkoHk;yHkukd ,SOfumMunhfaomtcg a&TuJonf vHk;0t&ifwkef;ua&TuJ r[kwfawmh/ vHk;0ajymif;vJoGm;NyDjzpfonfukd 0rf;omtm;&awGU&onf/ 'Dxufydkajymif;vJ&ef qHyifyHkpHom usefawmh\/ rkd;pkd;"mwfyHkESpf&mausmfavmufukd wpfyHkcsif; jyefMunhfum a&TuJESihf vkdufzufrnhf qHyifyHkpHukd a&G;cs,f&onfrSm nwpfem&DausmfonftxdrNyD;ao;/ pdwfwdkif;usyHkpHukd r&/
]]orD; nOfheufvSNyD/ rtdyfao;bl;vm; orD;&JU}}]]cPav;yg arar.../ NyD;&if tdyfrSmyg}}]]ighorD;vnf; yifyef;vkdufwm.../ orD; 'DZkdifemNydKifyGJ0ifvkyfzkdY
vkyfaewmvm;}}]][kwfw,farar/ vltrsm;BuD;awmhr[kwfbl;/ wpfa,muf
wnf;NydKif&rSm}}]]arar orD;ajymwm em;rvnfbl;/ wpfa,mufwnf;
b,fvkdvkyf NydKifrSmvJ}}rkd;pkd; wpfcsufNyHK;jyum olY ݱ³°«¬»®udk jyefzGihfum a&TuJ
rlvyHk? 'kwd,yHkESihf wwd,yHkwkdYukdjy&if; ararhudk &Sif;jyonf/ ararudk,fwkdifu rkd;pkd;ukd csD;usL;onf/
]]orD;ausmif;NyD;oGm;&if 'DtvkyfudkyJ qufvkyforD;.../orD; usdef;aoatmifjrifvdrhfr,f}}
rdk;pkd;&ifxJrSm yDwdawG 0if;vJhumoGm;onf/ udk,hf0goemukdtm;ay;wJh *kPf,lwwfwJh rdbeJYae&wm b,favmufpdwfcsrf;omzkdY aumif;ovJ/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
102 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]'gaygharar&.../ azazhqDawmifrS vSrf;pma&;NyD;NyD/ azazhqD vkdufoGm;NyD; oifwef;wufcsifvkdY.../ azazu ausmif;NyD;&ifvmcJhwJh}}
]]aMomf...om;tzESpfa,muf BudwfBuHxm;Muwmayghav.../ bmvJ.../ araru wpfa,mufwnf; aecJh&rSmvm;}}
]]ararhudkyg ac:oGm;&rSmaygh/ ararvnf; azazhukdvGrf;aeNyDqdkwm orD;odom;yJ}}
]][,f...'Daumifrav;}}araru rkd;pkd;ukd vSrf;um½kdufonf/ rkd;pkd;u ararhcg;ukd
MunfEl;pGm zufxm;vkdufonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 103
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJ...tdyfraysmfyg/rkd;ausmfwkdYoHk;a,muf wkd;wkd;pum;ajymaeoHukd olMum;ae&
ygonf/ tm½Hkpkdufp&mrvkdbJ olYtaMumif;ukd ajymaerSef; olodonf/'Dxufrsm; enf;enf;tm½HkpdkufvkdufvQif olYtaMumif; rnfonhfudpöukd ajymaerSef; wdwdusus odEdkifygonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJtm½Hkrpdkufawmhyg.../ ]]reufjzefqkdvQif ol i&JuvGwfNyD}} qkdwmukdolodygonf/
xifrSwfrxm;bJ ol i&JuscJhonf/ odkYaomf ol rnfolYudkrStNidK;rxm;yg/ olYumv0dbwfaMumihfyJ jzpfvdrhfrnf[k ol,lqonf/rmwk*grawGukd vGwfatmifa&Smifyg/ ra&SmifEdkif&if onf;cHyg[kqHk;rcJhaom q&mawmhfpum;ukd ol tNrJvufukdifxm;cJhygonf/q&mawmfu ]]onf;cHw,fqkdwm csKyfwnf;wmr[kwfbl; a&TuJ.../em;vnfwm}} [k qHk;rzl;onf/ csKyfwnf;w,fqkdwm ykxkZOftwGufa'goukd pkxm;wmyJ/ onf;cHjcif; jzpfrvmEkdifbl;/ onf;cHjcif;qkdwmem;vnfrIyJ/ ÓPfynmeJY,SOfwJh? arwåmeJY,SOfwJh em;vnfrIrsKd;uomonf;cHjcif;ukd ay;Ekdifw,fwJh/
q&mawmf\qHk;rpum;twkdif; i&Jusaom&ufrsm;rSm olonf;cHrIatmifjrifcJhonf[k xifygonf/ odkYaomf...olYpdwfxJrSmrauseyfwm wpfck&Sdaeonf/ i&Jusolonf i&JudkaMumuf&rnf?rkef;&rnf/ i&JrSvGwfvQif aysmf&Tif0rf;ajrmufrI&Sd&rnf/ tck olYqDrSm
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
104 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
bmaMumihf aysmf&Tif0rf;ajrmufrI r&Sd&oenf;/oHk;q,hfukd;&ufvHk;vHk; rdk;rdk;pkd;u vmqkdvm? oGm;qdkoGm;.../
'Dvdkaeqkd ae.../ 'D[m0wf...'D[mvdrf;...[kdvkdvkyf...ponfhckdif;orQukd wpfcGef;rS jyefrajymbJ vkyfcJhwm ÓPfynmeJY? arwåmeJY,SOfwJh onf;cHjcif;aMumifhqkdwm [kwf&JUvm;/ yxr&ufrsm;twGif;rSmawmh pdwfqif;&JpGm onf;cHcJh&wmukd olrSwfrdonf/ odkYaomfwpfywfcefYMumNyD; aemuf&uf aemuf&ufawGrSm ol b,fvkdonf;cHcJhovJqkdwmukd ol jyefawG;Munhfonf/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf olYtay:wpfavQmufvHk; qkd;cJh? npfcJh?jyóem&SmcJh? &ef&SmcJhaom a'0'wf\vm;&mudk odonf/ oGm;&mukdvnf; ÓPfawmfteEÅjzifh odawmfrlonf/ NyD;awmh a'0'wftay:om;awmf&m[kvmESihfrjcm;aom arwåmukdvnf; xm;awmfrlcJhonf/xkdodkYjzihf jrwfaom onf;cHjcif;jzihf ol onf;cHEkdifcJhygovm;/
a&TuJ qufrawG;awmh/ xkdtawG;udk aMumufaMumufESihf&yfum olYudk,fol bmpum;qufajym&rSef; rodaompdwfonf[kd'Dckefumaeonf/
]]omomwkdYajymyHkt&qkd 'Daumif awmfawmfcHvkduf&wmyJ.../ tJ'gukd 'Daumif rodbl;vm;}}
]]rodbJaervm;/ odrSmaygh.../ 'Davmuf twlwloGm;aewJh[m}}
]]ighpdwfxifawmh rodbl;xifw,faemf.../ rdk;ausmf/ igwkdY'Daumifhudk ajymjy&&if aumif;rvm;}}
]]ajymraeygeJYuGm.../ 'Davmuf ryGifhvif;wJhaumifrsKd; 'DwpfcgyJ awGUzl;w,f/ 'Daumifu igwkdYukd ta&;t&mvkyfNyD; wkdifyifzl;vkdYvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 105
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]at;uGm.../ 'Daumifvnf; cufwmyJ/ igwkdYukdrsm;t,HktMunfr&Sd jzpfoGm;vm; rodbl;uG}}
pum;oHu wdwfumoGm;onf/ xkdYaemuf xkdavmufrjywfom;awmhbJ wD;wdk;pum;oHrsm;ukdom Mum;&awmhonf/ reufjzefqkdwmygonf/ o&zDqkdwm ygonf/ rdk;pkd;qkdwmygonf/ a&TuJjcifaxmifxJu xxGufum olwkdYukd oGm;&Sif;jyvkduf&if aumif;rvm;[k pdwful;rdao;onf/ odkYaomf t&m&mu NyD;qHk;oGm;ygNyD.../
rdk;pkd;pum;t&qkdvQif reufausmif;roGm;rD rdk;pkd;tdrfokdYoGm;&rnf/ NyD;vQif rkd;pkd;ESifhtwl ausmif;odkY oGm;&rnf/ ausmif;a&mufvQif olYudpöNyD;NyD/ aemufxyf ywfoufp&m r&Sdawmh/ a&TuJrsufvHk;awGukd azsmhazsmhrSdwfxm;&mrS twif;rSdwfonf/ rsuf0ef;xJrSmtarSmifonf ykdí eufumoGm;onf/ odkYaomf a&TuJtdyfíawmhr&/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
106 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uJefwif;onf qlnHumaeaomfvnf; rkd;pkd;wkdY0kdif;wpf0kdif;wnf; Nidrfoufum wdwfqdwfaeonf/ xkdwdwfqdwfrIonfuJefwif;xJu qlnHrIukd vGifhaysmufuG,fapum rdk;pk d;pdwfxJrSmwpfurÇmvHk; wdwfqdwfaeonf[kom xifonf/
rdk;pkd;? omomESihf acrmwkdY tkyfpktm;vHk; o&zDhrsufESmukdrsufawmifrcwf MunhfaeMuonf/ o&zDuawmh a&TuJukd wtHhwMo Munhfaeonf/ a&TuJu rkd;pkd;rSmxm;onhftwkdif; wnfNidrfpGmxkdifaeygonf/
o&zD a&TuJukdMunhfae&mrS rsufESmvTJum rdk;pkd;udk Munhfonf/ NyD;awmh ,Jh,Jhuav;NyHK;um vufckyfoHwazsmufazsmufo&zDhxHrS xGufvm\/ omomqkd cPaMumifaeNyD;rS tm;&0rf;omvufckyf0dkif;wD;um a[;...[k atmfMuonf/
rkd;pdk;&ifonf tckrS ayghyg;oGm;um NyHK;Edkifonf/]]rkd;pkd;ukd o&zD csD;usL;ygw,f.../ o&zD½IH;w,fqkdwmukd
0efcHygw,f}}]]o&zDukda&m a&TuJudkyg rkd;pkd; 0efcHp&meJY awmif;yefp&m&Sdyg
w,f/ o&zD r½IH;ygbl;/ 'Dudpöudk NydKifyGJwpfckxuf BudK;pm;rIwpfckvkdYyJrkd;pkd; cH,lxm;vkdYyg/ tck udka&TuJ ajymif;vJoGm;wJhtwGuf o&zDur½IH;bJ rkd;pkd;&JUBudK;pm;rIudk todtrSwfjyKw,f? vufcHw,fvdkYyJrkd;pkd; ,lqygw,f/ NyD;awmh...a&TuJukd awmif;yef&OD;r,f}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 107
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rkd;pkd;u jzpf&yftm;vHk;ukd yGihfyGihfvif;vif; a&TuJudk ajymjyonf/ a&TuJ bmwpfcGef;rS 0ifrar;? 0ifvnf; rajym/ 'DreufrSrkd;pkd; n§yfay;xm;aomqHyuf? qifxm;aom t0wftpm;rsm;ukd0wfxm;&jcif;tay: pdwfroufromwm wpfckyJ &Sdonf/
]]tpuwnf;u ydkufqHtdwfukd a&TuJr,lbl;...? rckd;bl;qkdwm rkd;pkd; t<uif;rJh,Hkxm;NyD;om;yg/ 'gayr,hf o&zDhpum;tay:rcHcsifpdwfeJY a&TuJ&JUaMumuf&GHUrIukd toHk;cscJh&wmyg/ tJ'DtwGufa&TuJ rkd;pkd;ukd cGihfvTwfyg/ rkd;pkd; tEl;tñGwfawmif;yefygw,f/NyD;awmh...rkd;pkd;ukd oli,fcsif;wpfa,muftjzpf a&TuJua&m o&zDuyg wpfb0vHk; qufqHay;Muyg}}
omomwkdYu vufckyfwD;Mujyefonf/]]udka&TuJ.../ omomwdkYudkvnf; cGihfvTwfygaemf}}omomu a&TuJvufarmif;udk udkifum ajymonf/ a&TuJ
tlwlwljzihf acgif;ndwfvkduf\/ omomwkdYu aysmf&TifpGm vufckyfwD;Mujyefonf/
]]a&TuJ.../ rkd;pkd;udkvnf; cGihfvTwfw,fr[kwfvm;}}rkd;pkd;u a&TuJukd NyHK;umMunhf&if; ar;onf/ rdk;pkd;\tNyHK;ESihf
rsuf0ef;ukd jrif&awmh a&TuJ rsufvTmcsoGm;onf/ 'Drsuf0ef;ukdol &ifrqkdif&Jyg/ NyD;awmh acgif;iHkY&if;...
]]cGihfvTwfp&m rvkdygbl;}}a&TuJ pum;aMumihf rkd;pkd; vefYumoGm;\/ omomESihfacrm
vnf; aMumifumoGm;Muonf/ NyD;awmh a&TuJukd xdwfvefYwMum;MunhfMu\/
]]bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh 'Djyóemu cGihfvTwf&atmiftxduRefawmfh&ifxJrSm BuD;us,fwJh jyóem r[kwfvdkYyg/ yxrydkif;awmh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
108 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rkd;pkd;ckdif;wmawG[m uRefawmfhtwGuf ae&xkdif&...? vkyf&ukdif&wmpdwfqif;&JzkdYaumif;wm trSefyJ/ uRefawmf[m rkdpkd;tay:rSm ½kd;om;ygw,fqkdwmukd jyzkdYwpfckyJ pdwfxm;cJhygw,f...}}
a&TuJpum;aMumihf rkd;pkd; oufjyif;ukd csonf/]]rdk;pkd; em;vnfygw,f.../ ukda&TuJukd MunhfNyD;awmhvnf;
rkd;pkd; tm;emrdwm/ pdwfxJu cGihfvTwfygvkdY ajymcJhrdwm tBudrfBudrfygyJ/ 'gayr,hf rkd;pkd; 'DtvkyfukdvkyfcsifcJhwm MumygNyD/ tJ'gaMumihfomrsufpdpHkrSdwfNyD; rdk;pkd; vkyfcsifwmudk vkyfypfvkdufwmyg}}
]]uRefawmf wpfckajymygap}}]]ajymav...a&TuJ}}]]udpöawGNyD;NyDqkd&if 'Dt0wftpm;awG uRefawmf cRwfvkdY
&NyDvm;/ ae&xkdif&wm pdwfusOf;MuyfvGef;vdkYygAsm}}]][m...vHk;0 rcRwf&bl;/ 'Dtwkdif;yJae&r,f.../ aemufaeY
vnf; rkd;pkd;0wfckdif;wJh t0wfukdyJ 0wf&r,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmha&TuJu rkd;pkd;twGuf yxrOD;qHk; Ó±¼»´ aMumfjim wpfa,mufjzpfaevkdYyJ}}
tm;vHk; &,farmvkdufMuonf/ o&zDuvnf; vGwfvyfaysmf&TifpGm &,farmMuonf/ tckawmh oli,fcsif;awGtMum;rSmbmrme? bmNydKifqkdifrIrS r&Sdawmh/ o&zDu ar;ojzihf a&TuJukdpwifajymif;vJyHktqihfqihfukd rkd;pkd;u "mwfyHkrSwfwrf;rsm;ESihfwuG&Sif;jyonf/ 'DawmhrS a&TuJonf olYudk bmaMumihf 'gawGvkyfcJhonfqkdwmukd oabmaygufvmum wtHhwMo em;axmifonf/
NyD;awmh a&TuJ\ajymif;vJrI xda&mufra&mufqkdwm od&atmif a&TuJtwef;bufodkY oGm;Muonf/ twef;xJa&mufawmhtNrJwrf; yHkwHk;BuD;taeESihfom awGU&aom a&TuJukd twef;azmfawG
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 109
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
u wtHhwMoMunhfMuonf/ a&TuJ rsufESmawmif rxm;wwfavmufatmif &Sufaerdonf/ q&mawmfom awGUvdk YuawmhBudrfvHk;qGJum usdef;aovkduf½kdufrSmrvGJ[k a&TuJ pOf;pm;rdavonf/
xkdaeYonf atmifjrifrIwpfcktjzpf tm;vHk;aysmf&TifMuNyD;&if;ESD;cifrifaom oHa,mZOfrsm;vnf; ykdrkdckdifrmoGm;aomaeYjzpfonf/xkdaeYwpfaeYvHk; q&mawmfay;xm;aom rmwk*grrsm;udk a&SmifusOfygrnfqkdonhf uwdukd a&TuJ vHk;0 owdr&awmhwm trSefyifjzpfygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
110 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
vlYb0 vlYavmuqkdonfrSm NyD;jynhfpHkaom aysmf&TifrI[lír&SdEdkifonhftwGuf ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;rsm;u vlYb0ukd NiD;aiGUjcif;? aeaysmfaom t&yf[k rowfrSwfjcif;jzpfonf/ cifrifjcif;?aysmf&Tifjcif;? MunfEl;jcif; tp&Sdaom cHpm;rIrsm;onf vlwpfa,muf\ pdwfESvHk;xJwGif wpfae&mwnf; &yfwefYaewwfaom oabmr&SdMu/
rD;awmufonf t&m0w¬Kwpfckukd avmufuRrf;NyD;aemuf0vifNyD[k &yfwefYjcif;r&SdbJ &SdorQt&m0w¬Krsm;ukd qufvufavmifuRrf;wwfouJhodkY oHa,mZOfESihfcifrifjcif;wkdYonfvnf; tjyif;qHk;rD;jzpfonf/ udavomwkdifatmif avmifuRrf;Ek difaom t&Sdef&Sdavonf/
rkd;pk d;wkd YESih f cif&onhfoHk;vtwGif; a&TuJonf xkdokdYavmifuRrf;aeaom rD;awmufwpfckjzpfonf/ xkdrD;awmufonfcifrifjcif;ukd avmufNrdKufonf/ aysmf&Tifjcif;ukd qufvuf avmifNrdKufonf/ xkdrSwpfqihf oHa,mZOfukd avmifNrdKufonf/ xkdrSwpfqihftmomirf;irf;wufaeaom rD;awmufonf t&Sdefaumif;aumif;ESihfaMumufrufzG,f&m a&TuJ&ifxJrSm awmufavmifvsuf&Sdonf/
avmifp&mavmifpmu &Sdygonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJu avmifuRrf;cGihf ray;ojzihf tawG;wpfavQmuf xkdrD;awmufu ,drf;xkd;vsuf&Sd\/ xkdrD;awmufukd a&TuJu vHkatmifxdrf;ygonf/ odkYaomf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 111
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xkdrD;awmufonf rdk;pkd;\ aumhñTwfaeaom EIwfcrf;uav;ukdavmifcsifonf/ ajyjypfwihfw,faom udk,fvHk;ukd,faygufukd 0g;rsKdcsifonf/ Munfvifawmufy &Tef;vJhaeaom rsuf0ef;uav;awGukdta&mif[wfcsifonf/ El;nHhjzLazG;aom vufz0g;uav;awGukdapwemo'¨gw&m;&Sdaom pdwfxm;ukd? oHa,mZOfwBuD; cifwG,fwwfaom tjyKtrlrsm;ukd? tNrJem;vnfay;aom OD;pm;ay;rIukd?tmomirf;irf;wuf avmifuRrf;csifaeonf/
avmifuRrf;cGihfr&avav rD;awmuf\,drf;xdk;rIu aMumufrufzG,f&m ,drf;xkd;avavjzpfvmojzihf xkdrD;awmufrD;vQHrsm;tjyifrxGuf&atmif a&TuJ rsKdcsxm;&onf/ iHkaxG;xm;&onf/xkdYaMumihf a&TuJESvHk;tdrfonf yljcpfaeonf/ avmifuRrf;aeonf/wdwfwqdwf aygufuGJaeonf/ xkdylavmifrIonf wpfpuúefYwpfrdepfrQ rjywf/
rdk;pkd;ESihftwl&Sdaecsdef &,farmaysmf&TifaecsdefwGif xkdrD;awmufonf ol iwfrGwfaom avmifpmukd 0g;rsKd&vdrhfrnf[k xifaeojzihftenf;i,fat;onf/ Nidrf0yfonf/ rdk;pkd;ESihfvrf;cGJum taqmifodkYjyefa&mufonfESihfwpfNydKifeuf ol avmifuRrf;csifaom avmifpmESihfa0;oGm;ojzihf ESpfqa'gowBuD; aomif;usef;wwfavonf/ xkdtcgwvl;vl;wvdrfhvdrhfESihf £a`E´ysufvkeD;yg; tarharhtavsmhavsmhESihf a&TuJjzpfvmonf/
t&ifwkef;u tdyfcgeD;bk&m;&Sdcdk;vdkuf&vQif a&TuJ&ifrSmNidrf;csrf;oGm;avh&Sdonf/ tck bk&m;yif 0wfrjyKEkdifawmh/ rnfrQxdef;odrf;onfjzpfap rD;awmufrSm tvif;a&mif&Sdonf/ xkdtvif;a&mifonf ylonf/ xdktyla&mifukd ab;vlu odavonf/
]]rif;...rkd;pkd;ukd zGihfrajym&ao;bl;vm; a&TuJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
112 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rdk;ausmfpum;aMumihf a&TuJwpfukd,fvHk; wkefcgoGm;onf/&ifxJrSmvnf; vQyfceJ wpfcsufcHpm;vdkuf&\/ &SufpdwfaMumihfrsufESm&JoGm;onf/ ol tMum;csifqHk;pum;/ odk Yaomf... oltaMumufqHk;pum;/
]]bmqdkifvkdYvJAs/ usKyfu olwkdYeJY oli,fcsif;vkd? rdwfaqGvdkaewmyJ/ bmudk zGihfajym&rSmvJ}}
]]oGm;prf;yg a&TuJ&m.../ rif;yHkpHMunhf&if odomaewmyJ[m/ rif;yHkpHu t&ifwkef;ueJY wlvkdYvm;}}
]]usKyfu tJ'Dt0wftpm;awGudk r0wfcsifygbl;Asm/ olwkdYutwif;0wf0wfckdif;aevdkYyg.../ 0wf&wm udk,fawmif ,m;ao;w,f}}
]]igwkd Yu cE¨mudk,fay:u t0wftpm;ukd ajymaewmr[kwfbl; a&TuJ/ rif;pdwfukd ajymaewm/ rif;pdwfxJrSm rif;ajymovdkrdk;pkd;tay: ½kd;om;w,fqkdwm wu,fvm;}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;u a&TuJ&ifukd wdkuf½kdufxdonf/½kwfw&uf bmrSjyefrajymEkdif/ 'DaumifawGeJY wkdifyifvkduf&vQifaumif;rvm;[k pdwful;vkdufrdao;onf/ odkYaomf...rkd;ausmfwkdYrsufESmawGu olYukd vkdvkdcsifcsifcifcifrifrif ar;onhfyHkpHrayguf/olYukd trIppfum wpfckckukd odcsifaeonfh yHkpHrsKd;/ olY&ifxJ&SdorQ½dk;om;pGm zGihfajymvkdufvQif olYukd avSmifcsifavSmifrnf/ rwefr&mudk pdwful;&ovm;[k 0kdif;ESdyfuGwfcsif ESdyfuGwfrnhfyHkpHrsKd;[k a&TuJxifonf/
]][m;...[m;...[m; ajzavuGm.../ rajzEkdifawmhbl;r[kwfvm;/ rif;u aeYwkdif;bk&m;&Sdckd;NyD; uHig;yg;vHkatmif xdef;wJhaumifyJ/ 'Dawmh...igwkdYar;wm rSefrSefajzav/ rif; vdrf&if rif;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 113
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uHwpfyg;usKd;rSmyJ}}uHwpfyg;usKd;zkdYukd t&ifwkef;u aoravmufaMumufcJhaom
a&TuJ tckawmh tvG,fwulyif vdrfrdoGm;onf/ xkdodkY vdrfonfukdvnf; uHwpfyg;usKd;onf[k ol rjrif/ rkd;pkd;\odu©mESihf olYt&Sufukd umuG,fonf[kom jrifonf/
]]cifAsm;wkdYukd uRefawmf tjywfajymNyD;NyDyJ/ uRefawmfb,frdef;rukdrS pdwfr0ifpm;bl;/ usKyf 'Dukdvmwm ynmoifzkdY/usKyfq&mawmf&JU aus;Zl;ukd qyfzkdYvmwm/ usKyf rdef;uav;awGukdvHk;0 pdwfr0ifpm;bl;/ aemufukd cifAsm;wkdY rar;ygeJY/ uRefawmfrBudKufbl;}}
a&TuJ\ jywfom;aompum;aMumihf rdk;ausmfwkdY awmfawmftHhMooGm;onf/ rdk;pkd;wkdYtm;vHk;u olwkdYudk ar;xl;ac:ajym cif,Hkom&Sdaomfvnf; a&TuJudkawmh *½kwpkduf ta&;ay;um qufqHjcif;ukdolwdkY odyfrauseyfMu/ a&TuJuvnf; olwdkYukd rkd;pkd;wkdYtkyfpkxJac:xnhfray;jcif;udk ykdrauseyfMu/ 'gaMumihf a&TuJukd 0dkif;ajr§mufay;um ab;u &,f&atmif pDpOfaejcif;yifjzpfonf/ &efukeftaMumif; bmrodnmrod bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;u olwkdYxufaMumum oyfoyf&yf&yf0wfpm;NyD; cyfacsmacsm aumifrav;awGeJYaeYpOf aysmfae&wmudk ykxkZOfqefpGm olwkdY remvdkMujcif;yifjzpfonf/
]]'Dvkdqkd&ifawmh rif;pdwf"mwfukd igwkdY av;pm;ygw,fa&TuJ&m.../ csD;vnf;...csD;usL;ygw,f/ rkd;rdk;pkd;u t&ifwkef;ua,musfm;av;awGeJY 'Dvkdaewm r[kwfbl;uG/ rif;ukd t&rf;*½kpkduf?t&rf;vkdufa&maevkdY igwkdYu ar;MunhfwmyguGm]]
]]rif;&ifxJrSm rkd;pkd;tay: pdwf0ifpm;aew,fqkd&if igwkdYuulnDzkdYyg/ tcsKdUvlawGuqkd rif;wkdYudk twGJjzpfaeMuNyDawmif xifae
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
114 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
Muwm}}0if;Edkifpum;u a&TuJ&ifukd azmufxGufoGm;onf/ olYbuf
u r&awmh? rkd;pkd;bufuae 0ifMujyefNyD/]][kwfw,fa&TuJ.../ ighpdwfxif rif; tckaezGihfajym&if
awmifrS rkd;pkd;u ypfypfcgcgBuD;awmh rvkyfaumif;bl; xifw,f}}]]olu uRefawmhf½kd;om;rIukd ,HkvdkY...&J&Jwif;wif;aewm
aerSmygAsm/ cifAsm;wkdY xifovkd r[kwfygbl;}}]]a&TuJ.../ rif;u rkd;pkd;eJYrif; tqihfcsif; odyfuGmw,fqkdNyD;
awmh tm;i,faewmvm;/ tcspfrSm tqihftwef; r&Sdygbl;uGm/&ifckefoHyJ&Sdw,f rSwfxm;/ aemufNyD; rdk;pkd;yHkpHuvnf; tqifhtwef;awG? aiGawGukd odyfrufarmwJh rdef;uav;rsKd; r[kwfEkdifbl;/ rif;udk,hfukd,fukd rnmeJYaemf...}}
]]rnmygbl;Asm.../ usKyf cifAsm;wkdYukd trSeftwdkif;ajymwmyg/ uRefawmfwdkY cifrifrIukd 'Dtwkdif;yJ &SdygapAsm}}
a&TuJ pum;0kdif;rS twif;xxGufvmcJhonf/ EIwfzsm;uwGifwGifjiif;aeaomfvnf; rkd;ausmfwkdYajymvkdufaom pum;awGuESvHk;om;xJukd xkd;azmuf0ifa&mufoGm;NyDjzpfonf/ ][kwfw,f.../rkd;pkd;[m ighukd OD;pm;ay;w,f? *½kpdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh...rkd;pkd;[maiGawG *kPfawGukd rufwwfwJh rdef;uav;r[kwfbl;/ aiGr&Sd*kPfr&Sd ighvkd tnmom;? bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;ukd olb,fESpfcgESdrfbl;ovJ/ NyD;awmh...bmjzpfvdkY 'Davmuf*½kpkdufae&wmvJ/
rkd;ausmfajymvkdufaom pum;awGu olY&ifxJrSm ar;cGef;rsm;tjzpf csufcsif; touf&Sif wG,fuyfoGm;NyDjzpfonf/ a&TuJ tajzudkodonf/ odkYaomf rpOf;pm;&J.../ tJ'Dpum;ukd olYukd,folyifrajym&J/ igeJYoleJYu wef&JUvm;/ a&TuJ ar;cGef;awGESihf vHk;axG;um
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 115
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
tajzawGESihftwl xGufajy;ae&&onf/oufjyif;cs&if; a&TuJ "mwfyHkuav;ukd tomxkwfMunhf
onf/ vkdifpifyHkuav;xJrSm rkd;pk d;onf olYukd wnfNidrfpGmyifMunhfaeygonf/ 'D"mwfyHkuav;u rdk;pkd;ukd,fwkdif ay;xm;wmawmhr[kwfyg/ rkd;pkd; ykdufqHtdwfukd aumuf&pOfu txJrSmygonhfypönf;awGukd arT&if; vkdifpifyHkuav;ig;yHkudk awGU&onf/ xkd"mwfyHkrsm;aMumihfvnf; rkd;pkd;tdwfrSef; od&jcif;jzpfonf/ rdk;ausmfwkdY a&mufvmawmh vefYjzefYum vG,ftdwfxJ xkd;xnhfvkdufpOfu "mwfyHkwpfyHku a&TuJpmtkyfMum;xJ a&mufaecJhonf/ ykdufqHtdwf jyefay;awmh xkd"mwfyHku jyefygroGm;/ rkd;pkd;uvnf; bmrSrajym.../aemuf oHk;av;&ufMumrS twef;xJrSm pmoif&if; a&TuJ 'D"mwfyHkukdoGm;awGUcJhonf/
yxrawmh a&TuJ jyefay;&ef pOf;pm;ao;onf/ odkYaomfrdk;pkd;u bmrS jyefrajymojzihf ray;jzpfawmhbJ trSwfw&tjzpf,lxm;vkdufonf/ "mwfyHkxJu rdk;pkd;onf a&TuJukd cifrifMuifempGmjzihfai;Munhfaeonf[k a&TuJ xifonf/ rdk;ausmfwkdYvnf; vufzuf&nfqkdifxGufoGm;MuNyD/ "mwfyHkuav;ukd ,k,pGm a&TuJ jyefodrf;onf/NyD;awmh ukwifay:rSmvSJum rsufESmusufukdMunfh&if; rajz&Jaomar;cGef;awGukd ar;aerdonf/
xkdpOf wHcg;0wGif t&dyfwpfckay:vmonf/]]a&TuJ...}}wif;rmjywfom;aomtoHaMumihf a&TuJ tdyfae&mrS 0kef;ceJ
xxkdifrdonf/]]q&mawmfbk&m;}}]]at;...igyJ/ vlrkduf/ vlYiEGm;&JU.../ [if...iguawmh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
116 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
&GmrSm eifwpfa,mufyJ ynmwwf&Sdw,fqkdNyD; 'umawGpk tvSLaiGcHNyD; ausmif;wufzkdY ac:vmw,f/ eifu 'DrSm rdkufcsifwkdif;rdkufNyD;jzpfcsifwkdif;jzpfaew,f/ [kwfvm;}}
rkd;BudK;oGm;vdk jyif;xefaom toHESihf q&mawmfu atmfajymum olYouFef;udk vTm;ceJ ycHk;ay:wifonf/ vufxJrSm a&TuJi,fpOfuwnf;u t&rf;aMumufcJh&wJh BudrfvHk;ukd 0ifhumxm;onf/
]]r[kwfygbl; bk&m;.../ r[kwfygbl; bk&m;...}}]]wdwfprf;.../ bmr[kwfwmvJ/ tck eihfyHkpHukdMunhfprf;/
udkY,kdYum;,m; zkdY,kdYzm;,m;awGeJY/ 'g...a&TuJvm;}}]]r[kwf&ygbl;bk&m;.../ 'gu 'Dvkdyg.../ wynhfawmf
&Sif;...}}]]wdwf.../ ighuk duwday;xm;wJh pum;uk da&m? eif
apmihfxdef;ovm;/ eihfrmwk*grawGeJY w[D;[D; w[m;[m;aew,fqkd.../ ajymprf;.../ ukd,hfopöm ukd,hfuwdrS rwnfwJhaumifudkrSigu ,Hkrdwmukd;/ eifu ighukd aus;pGyfw,f...[kwfvm;/ eifighudkvnf; apmfum;w,f? wpf&GmvHk;&JUapwemudkvnf; apmfum;w,f/ uJ...uJ...uJ...}}
a'gooHESihftwl q&mhawmfBudrfvHk;awGu a&TuJ ausmay:usvmonf/
]]uJ...uJ[,f.../ ynmroifbJ tavvkdufcsifOD;/ rmwk*grawGeJY ywfoufcsifOD;.../ ighapwemukd apmfum;csifOD;}}
]]r[kwfygbl; bk&m;.../ wynhfawmf avQmufyg&apOD;bk&m;/ tm;.../ q&mawmfbk&m;.../ tm;...tr,fav;...aMumuf...aMumufygNyDbk&m;...}}
a&TuJ q&mawmfbk&m;ajctpHkukd ajy;zufonf/ q&mawmf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 117
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
bk&m;u ajcaxmufjzihf usKH;um uefonf/ vGifhxGufoGm;aoma&TuJtay: BudrfvHk;awGu rem;wrf;usvmonf/
]]aMumufygNyDbk&m;.../ emvSygNyDbk&m;.../ aMumufygNyDbk&m;}}
]]a[haumif a&TuJ.../ bmjzpfwmvJ...? bmjzpfwmvJ...a&TuJ}}
]]a&TuJ...a&TuJ}}]]aMumufygNyD bk&m;}}]]a&TuJ...a&TuJ}}ckwifay:rSm zifbl;awmif;axmifum atmfaeaom a&TuJ
ukd tm;vHk;u 0kdif;qlMuonf/ q&mawmfbk&m;r&Sd? rk d;ausmfwdkYwawGom&Sdonf/ tdyfruf rufaerSef; a&TuJ odoGm;onf/ odkYaomf&ifawG wqwfqwf wkefumaeqJ...? acR;awGpdrfhysHUum xGufaeqJ/q&mawmfbk&m;½kdufvkdufaom Budrf'Pfum ausmrSm emaeqJ/
]]bmjzpfvkdY toHNyJBuD;eJY usKH;atmfae&wmvJuGm}}]]tdyf...tdyfruf...rufaevkdYygAsm}}]]ruf...rufprf;ygOD;uGm/ 'Davmuf i,foHygatmif atmf&
ovm;}}rkd;ausmfwkdY rausreyfjzihf ckwifay: jyefwufum tdyfMu
onf/ a&TuJ a&wpfcGufaomufonf/ rsufaxmufeDBuD;ESihf Budrfukd0ifhvdkufaom q&mawmfbk&m;\ rsufESmukd jyefjrifonf/ ]ighukdvnf;apmfum;w,f.../ wpf&GmvHk;&JUapwemudkvnf; apmfum;w,f...}}qkdonhf q&mawmfbk&m;\ tHBudwfoHukd jyefjrifonf/ xkdpOfuxdwfvefYaMumuf&GHUcJh&aom 0rf;enf;aMuuGJcJh&aom olYpdwfcHpm;rIukdjyefowd&onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
118 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'g...ewfqkd;ay;aom tdyfrufom jzpf&rnf/ ewfwdkYzwfaom edrdwfomjzpf&rnf/ tdyfrufxJrSmwkef;u vHk;0 jyefjyifvkdYr&awmhojzihf bmwpfcGef;rS jyefrajymEkdifcJh/ tck tdyfrufxJrSm r[kwfawmh/ ol jyifcsifvQif tcsdefrDao;onf/ jywif;aygufukd vSrf;Munhfawmh jymvJhvJhtvif;a&mifukd jrif&onf/ t½kPfwuftdyfruf?ewfwkdYay;aomtdyfruf rSefrrSef ESpfyg;r&Sd trSefomjzpf&rnf/
tdyfrufrufNyD;rS wpfu,hftdyfrufxJuae a&TuJ Edk;xvmcJhonf/ [kwfonf.../ 'Dtwkdif; qufaevkdYuawmh 'DvkdtjzpfrsKd;ukda&mufrS usdef;aoonf/ ol aus;Zl;&Sifukd aus;pGyfwm rcHEkdifyg/olYukd q&mawmfbk&m;u cspfojzihfom &Gmu cspfMuwmjzpfonf/q&mawmfbk&m;u rkef;NyD; rif; ausmif;ay:rwufeJYawmhqkdvQifolYukd vufcH0Hhonhftdrfvnf; wpf&GmvHk;rSm wpftdrfrS &SdrSmr[kwfawmh/
a&TuJawG;&if; vefYvmonf/ rdk;pkd;ukd ol oHa,mZOfBuD;ygonf/ jrwfEdk;ygonf/ &ifckefygonf/ omom? acrmESihf o&zDwkdYukdvnf; ol cifygonf/ odkYaomf xkdcifrifrI? &ifckefjrwfEkd;rIonfolYtwGuf ylavmifrIukdom ay;vdrhfrnf/ xkdrD;ukd owdESihfynmESihfonf;cHrIwkdYjzihf ol Nidrf;rSukd &awmhrnf/
t½kPfonf jywif;0rSm wpfppvif;um vmaeonf/a&TuJ ckdifusnfaompdwf? todw&m;&ump cHpm;rIESihf pmxkdifa&;onf/ a&;NyD; jyefzwfMunhfawmh rdk;pkd;wkdYtkyfpkESihf 'DvkdcifcifrifrifraeEkdifwm q&mawmfbk&m;aMumihfqkdonfh t"dyÜm,fxGufaeonf/olwkdYudpörSm q&mawmfbk&m;u ADvdefjzpfaeojzihf NzJypfvkdufum'kwd,wpfapmif a&;onf/ jyefzwfMunhfawmh awmif;yefwmawGodyfrsm;aeonf/ taMumif;t&mu ray:/ wwd,usawmh...a'go
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 119
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
oHawGygaeonf/ olu ,cifaeYawGuvkd raeEdkifawmhjcif;onf rdk;pkd;ESihf bmrSrqkdif/ olYudpöomjzpfonf r[kwfvm;/ pwkw¬pmusrS tqifajyoGm;onf/ olYb0...olY&nf&G,fcsufygonf/wpf&GmvHk;\ arQmfvihfcsufvnf; ygonf/ ol pmukd BudK;pm;yg&ap[krdk;pkd;wkdYtm;vHk;udkvnf; cGihfawmif;um xm;onf/ 'DavmufqkdvQifjynhfpHkNyD/
pdwfauseyfavmufaompmukd a&;NyD;awmh rdk;pifpifvif;aeNyD/rdk;ausmfwkdYvnf; ausmif;oGm;zkdY jyifqifaeNyD/ a&TuJ pmtdwf
ukd aoaocsmcsmydwfum rdk;ausmfukd tultnDawmif;&onf/]]usKyf&JUpmukd rdk;pkd;wdkYukd ay;ay;ygAs}}rdk;ausmfu rckd;rcefYMunhfum NzJceJ wpfcsuf&,fonf/]]'grsm;uGm.../ raeYu igwkdYajymwmh bmav;nmav;eJY/
tJ'Dvdk vkyfprf;yguGm/ igwkdYu ulnDzkdY tqifoihfyg}}]]usKyfpdwfu cifAsm;wkdYukd ajymwkef;uxufawmif jywfom;
ao;w,f/ 'g...cifAsm;wdkYxifovdkrsKd; r[kwfbl;/ r,Hk&if zwfMunhfMu}}
rdk;ausmf wpfcsufaMumifumoGm;onf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u rkd;ausmfvufxJu pmukd qGJ,lum qMunhf&if;...
]]igwkdY rzwfygbl;/ vlwpfa,muf&JU ukd,fa&;ukd,fwmukdrpyfpk&bl;wJh/ rif; ay;qkd ay;ay;r,fav.../ rkd;pkd;qDukd wkduf½kdufay;&rSmvm;}}
]]&w,f.../ acrmwkdY omomwkdYeJY ay;csifvnf;ay;.../tm;vHk;taMumif; a&;xm;wm/ b,folYay;ay; &w,f...}}
]]rif;u 'DaeY ausmif;rwufbl;vm;}}]][kwfw,f.../ usKyf q&mawmfbk&m;qD cPoGm;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
120 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rvdkY/ naerS jyefvmrSm}}]]ÑÕ tJ'gqkd taqmifaomhukd igwkdYxm;aeusae&mrSmyJ
xm;cJh/ rif;pmtwGuf pdwfcs a&TuJ}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u pmukd vG,ftdwfxJ xnfhvkdufonf/
t&m&mtm;vHk; NyD;qHk;oGm;NyD/ a&TuJ &ifxJrSm eihfceJawmh cHpm;vkduf&onf/ odkYaomf...ol ,HkMunfrItwGufawmh yDwdjzpf&ygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 121
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rkd;pkd;u yxrwkef;u a&TuJukd ½kd;om;wmvm;/ rodwmvm;qkdwmukd ruGJjym;ao;/ acrmwkdY omomwkdYuvnf; xkdESpfrsKd;xJu a&TuJu bmvJqkdwmukd odcsifMuonf/ cifrifoGm;MuNyD;onfhaemuf a&TuJ aeyHkxkdifyHk? qHk;jzwfcsufcsyHk t,ltqawGukdod&awmh rodjcif;xuf ½kd;om;jcif;rsm;pGmygaom pdwfxm;ukd awGUcJh&onf/
a&TuJonf wwfEkdiforQ uHig;yg;ukd vHkatmifxdrf;csifol?taysmftyg;xuf ynma&;ukd OD;pm;ay;csifol? t0wftpm;vSzdkYxuf pdwfxm;vSzkdYukd OD;pm;ay;ol/ wpfyg;oltwGuf vkdtyfvQiftepfemcHcsifol? tm;enf;olukd tm;emwwfolomjzpfonf/
wpfaeYu omomu xkdifcHkrSm twlwlxkdif&if; a&TuJaemufausmrSm tNrD;wyfNyD; ponf/ rkd;pkd;yif rodvkduf/ twef;twlxNyD;uJefwif;oGm;awmhrS omomu jyum aemufrSae wcGD;cGD;&,fonf/
]]omom&m rpygeJYuGm.../ olYcrsm bmrodnmrodeJYcHae&wm.../ vSrf;ajymvkdufyg}}
]]aeprf;yg rkd;pk d;&m.../ rif;u a&TuJbufqkd&if odyfoem;wmyJ/ oHa,mZOfawG? apwemawG odyf&Sdaew,faygh.../[kwfvm;}}
omomhpum;aMumihf rkd;pkd; bmrS xyfrajym&Jawmh/ omomhudk Edkifatmifajymum a&TuJukd vSrf;owday;rnfqkdvQif olY&ifxJu
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
122 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
cHpm;rIukd omomwkdYu avSmifMuOD;rnf/ xHk;pHtwkdif; pGyfpGJcsufawG a&mufvmOD;rnf/ tNrD;wef;vef;wef;vef;ESihf oGm;aeaoma&TuJukd owdxm;rdolawGu NyHK;Muonf/ wcsKdU atmfMuonf/acrmESihfomomuawmh wcGD;cGD;? w[D;[D; vkyfMuonf/ rdk;pkd;pdwfroufromjzpfaecJhonf/ olYbmom jyKwfusoGm;ygap[kqkawmif;aomfvnf; tNrD;u rus/ 'DvkdESihf uJefwif;odkY a&mufoGm;onf/
]]a&TuJ...iSufaysmoD;BudKufvm;}}acrmu pyfNzJNzJNyHK;wppESihf a&TuJaemufutNrD;ukd txmESihf
OD;wnfum ar;jcif;jzpfaomfvnf; a&TuJu cPpOf;pm;NyD; tav;teuf jyefajymonf/
]]BudKufw,f&,fvkdYawmh r[kwfbl; acrm&JU/ 'gayr,hfausmif;rSmaewkef;uawmh iSufaysmoD;ukd aeYwkdif;eD;yg; pm;cJh&w,f/bkef;BuD;ausmif;rSmu qGrf;qdkwm wpfeyfpmyJ&Sdwmukd;/ qGrf;usef&ifvnf; t½kPfwuf qGrf;aygif;twGuf csefxm;&w,f/ 'Dawmhnaeykdif;us&if iSufaysmoD;pm;&wJhaeYu ykdrsm;w,f}}
]][kwfvm;.../ tcka&m iSufaysmoD; pm;jzpfao;vm;}}]]tif;.../ tckawmh odyfrpm;jzpfawmhbl;/ 'DrSmu tcsdef
ra&G; 0,fpm;vkdY&wJh qkdifawG &Sdwmukd;.../ ykdufqHjywf&ifawmhpm;csif&if pm;&rSmyJ}}
acrmESihfomomwkdY wpfa,mufESihfwpfa,muf Munhfum&,fMujyefonf/ rdk;pkd;uawmh bmrS0ifrajym? 0ifvnf; &,farmjcif;r&Sd/ tckrSajymvdkufvQifvnf; a&TuJ &SufoGm;rSmukd rsufESmylaerdonf/ 'DvdkESih f tpm;taomufawGa&mufvmawmh [dkaumifESpfaumif tpm;taomufbuf tm½Hka&mufoGm;Mu\/ 'DawmhrS
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 123
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJu olYaemufausmbufrS tNrD;ukd jzKwfum at;at;aq;aq;yif cHkay:csonf/ omomwkdYpm;ae&if;u rdk;pkd;ukd wpfcsufvSrf;umMunhfonf/ olwkdYtvpfrSm rdk;pk d;u rsuf&dyfjyvkdufonf[kxifívm;awmh rod/ okdYaomf a&TuJu xkdudpöudk yg;eyfpGm&Sif;ay;ygonf/
]]cHkwef;rSmxkdifuwnf;u omomwyfrSef; uRefawmfodygw,f.../ 'gayr,hf wyfwyfcsif;jzKwfypfvkduf&if omom&SufoGm;rSmudk tm;emw,f/ NyD;awmh...uRefawmfu oli,fcsif;awGukd aysmf&TifrIay;Ekdifwm enf;ygw,f/ 'gaMumihf uRefawmhfudkMunhfNyD; oli,fcsif;awG aysmf&&ifNyD;a&mqkdNyD; wrif 'DuJefwif;xJtxd rjzKwfbJxm;cJhwm}}
'DawmhrS omomwkdY rsufvHk;jyL;um 0kdif;awmif;yefMuonf/]][m...uRefawmfu pdwfrqkd;ygbl;/ bmrSvnf;rjzpfbl;/
uRefawmhfukd jrifwJhvlu wpfa,mufa,mufu vkyfxm;rSef; odaewmyJ[m.../ &w,f.../ bmrSrjzpfbl;}}
'Dtjzpftysufuav;awGu a&TuJ\ ½kd;om;pdwf? oli,fcsif;awGtay: jzLpifpdwfukd ay;cJhonf/ aemufydkif;ukd omomESihfacrm a&TuJukd vHk;0rpMuawmh.../
]]cifAsm;wkdY usKyfukd rpeJYAsm.../ rBudKufbl;}} [laompum;xuf rsm;pGmxda&mufaom cGihfvTwfEkdifrIomjzpfonf/
aemufwpfcg a&TuJ\ qHk;jzwfcsufuav;aMumihf olwkdYtkyfpkxJrSm tenf;i,ftHhtm;oihfp&m jzpfcJh&onf/ jyóemu twlxkdifum? twlpm;NyD;onhftcg a&TuJu olpm;xm;orQukd olYaiGESihfol&Sif;jcif;yifjzpfonf/ rdk;pkd;wkdY0kdif;rSmu pm;NyD;orQukd BuHKwJhvl?OD;wJhvlu &Sif;avh&Sdonf/ tjyifxuf rsm;pGmaps;oufomaom
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
124 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ausmif;0ef;xJuqkdifrSmrkdY pm;aomufqkdifu [if;oHk;rsKd;ESihf rSmpm;rSwpfaxmifausmfausmfavmufom uswwfygonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJuawmh olpm;orQukd olYaiGESihfom &Sif;onf/
a&TuJpm;wmuvnf; MunhfOD;.../ wpfcgwpf&H xrif;jzLESihf0ufqDzwfokyf/ wpfcg...tokyfpHk/ wpfcg 0ufom;aygif;ESpfckukdtcsOfa&awG trsm;BuD;qrf;um xrif;jzLESihf pm;wwfonf/ rkd;pkd;wkdY[if;awGxnhfay;vnf; r&/ vQmt&omcHwwfoGm;vQif ol 'ku©a&mufrnf[k ajymwwfonf/
]]a&mufprf;ygap.../ rdk;pkd;wkdYu aeYwkdif;auR;rSmaygh}}]]rvkyfygeJYAsm.../ 'gav;eJYpm;&wJht&omu ykdNyD; uRefawmhf
twGuf aumif;aevkdYyg/ vlu ewfpm rpm;wwfovkdaygh}}]]ykdufqH&Sif;awmhvnf; a&TuJu vufrcHbl;/bmvJ.../ omomwkdYukd rcifvkdYvm;/ aus;Zl;wif rcH
csifvkdYvm;}}]]r[kwfbl;cifAs/ uRefawmf tck xrif;pm;wJhaiGukdu
q&mawmfu arwåm&yfcHay;vkdY wpf&GmvHk;u pkay;? aumufay;wJhaiGyg/ olwkdYaus;Zl; olwkdYukokdvfukd xdef;odrf;wJhtaeeJY uRefawmfrpm;wmyg/ uRefawmhfukd em;vnfay;ygAsm}}
tJ'Dwkef;u omomwdkY em;vnfoGm;atmif rkd;pkd; awmfawmf&Sif;,l&onf/ a&TuJqkdvkdonfu olY'ku©ukd aemufxyfrnfonhfvlukdrS ray;csifqkdonhfoabmukd omomwdkYem;vnfatmif &Sif;&onf/xkdYtwGuf rkd;pdk;&onfh owfrSwfcsufu a&TuJESihfywfoufvQift&m&mem;vnfvGef;onf[kyif jzpfonf/
'DaeYvnf; omomESihfacrmu a&TuJukd warQmfarQmf jzpfaeMuonf/ omomwGif olYtpfukdjzpfol pifumylu ykdYvkdufaom
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 125
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
upm;p&mypönf;av;wpfck ygonf/ b&dwf"m;t&G,fcefY&Sdaom&mbmtdwfuav;wGifjzpfonf/ xkdtdwfuav;awGu wpfckckjzihfzdvkdufvQif avvnfovdkrsKd; toHxGufonf/ NyD;awmh teHYuvnf;avvnfaom teHYrsKd;jzpfonf/ xkdtdwfuav;ukd a&TuJxkdifrnfhcHkESihfwifyg;tMum; xkd;xnhfum p&ef pDpOfaeMujcif;jzpf\/
]]rvkyfMuygeJY[m.../ [kdu bmrodnmrodeJY &SufoGm;ygOD;r,f}}
]]tHr,f...q&mrBuD;aemf/ odyfpkd;&drfaew,faygh/ [kwfvm;/bmjzpfvJ/ taysmfyJ[m.../ NyD;awmh...&Sif;jyrSmaygh[}}
]]olu awmf,HkvleJYrwlvkdYyg[m.../ wjcm;[m pcsif&ifpyg}}]]rkd;pkd;&,f.../ t&ifwkef;u wjcm;vlawGukd ukd,fwkdYp&if
rif;ukd,fwkdifu wufwuf<u<ueJYyg/ tck a&TuJusrS bmjzpfaewmvJ}}
acrmhpum;aMumihf rdk;pkd; bmrSxyfrajymawmh/ a&TuJtay:olxm;aomapwemukd acrmwkdYu EdkufuGufwpfckvkd oabmxm;aeonhftwGuf xyfajym&ifvnf; pGJcsufawGukdom &ifqkdif&rnfqkdwm rkd;pkd; em;vnfonf/ pdwfxJuawmh a&TuJ a&mufrvmygapeJY[k...rnfolrS rodatmif qkawmif;rdao;onf/
rkd;pkd; qkawmif;jynhfonf[k ajym&rvdkjzpfaeonf/ rdk;pkd;wdkYqHkaeustcsdeftxd a&TuJ a&mufrvm.../ rkd;pkd;wkdYxcgeD;rS a&mufvmolawGu a&TuJESihfwpfaqmifwnf;ae oli,fcsif;rsm;omjzpfonf/
]]a&TuJ bmjzpfvdkYvJ ukdwifatmifrif;odrf;}}]]rodbl;As.../ a&TuJu 'Dpmukday;cdkif;vkdufw,f.../ rkd;pkd;ukd
ay;ay;ygwJh}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
126 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wifatmifrif;odrf;u pmwpfapmif xkwfumay;onf/pmtdwfrSm rkd;pkd;emrnfukd wyfumxm;\/ omomESihfacrmwkdYuolwkdY&mbmtdwfuav;ukd jyifum wifatmifrif;odrf;ukd 'ku©ay;&ef pDpOfaeMuonf/ odkYaomf cufwmu wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYurxkdifMu/ omomu rkd;pkd;ukd tultnDawmif;ovdk vSrf;umMunhfonf/
]]'gqkdvJ [kwfNyDav.../ cPawmh xkdifMuygOD;.../ a&TuJutck b,frSmvJ}}
]]rxkdifawmhbl;Asm.../ a&TuJu ol 'DaeYausmif;rwufbl;vdkYajymwmyJ.../ oGm;vkdufOD;r,faemf}}
oHk;a,mufpvHk; rxkdifbJ xGufoGm;Muojzihf omomeJYacrmwkdYu rausreyfjzpfum ajymaecsdefrSm rdk;pkd;u a&TuJpmukd azmufumzwfonf/
pmu wpfaMumif;wnf;.../ rkd;pkd;&ifxJ xdwfceJ jzpfumoGm;\/
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rkd;pkd; pmukd uref;uwef; jyefodrf;aomfvnf; r&awmh/[kdESpfaumifu awGUoGm;um twif;awmif;Muonf/ vQKdU0SufzkdY&mudpör&SdonhftwGuf rkd;pkd;u pmukd xkwfjyvkdufygonf/ t&ifwkef;uvnf; rkd;pkd;ukd ay;orQpmawGukd 'DaumifawG zwfaeusyJ jzpfonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 127
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]][if.../ pmuvnf; wHk;wdwdeJY/ tzGJUtEGJUuav;awmifrSrygbl;}}
]][kwfy.../ rkd;pkd; &zl;wJhtxJrSm 'Dpmu tnHhzsif;qHk;yJ}}]]'guawmh olYpdwfxJ&Sdwm ola&;wmaerSmaygh/ 'Dpum;
twGuf t"dyÜm,ft&SdqHk;[m 'Dpum;yJ r[kwfvm;}}rkd;pkd;pum;qHk;onfESihf [kdaumifawG 0kdif;&efawGUoH qlnHum
oGm;onf/ 'DaumifawG ajymwmvnf; [kwfawmh[kwfonf/ t&ifrdk;pkd;ukd ay;cJhonhfpmawGtay: rkd;pkd; bmrS rSwfcsufray;cJhrd/tckpmusrS rSwfcsufoGm;ay;rdonf/
]]tr,f.../ tckuwnf;u a&SUaevkdufaeNyDaygh [kwfvm;/acrmuawmh vHk;0rBudKufbl;/ pma&;wmu wHk;wJhtjyif pmvHk;awGukdvnf; wpfvHk;pDa&;NyD; aumfeJY uyfxm;ao;w,f}}
acrmajymwm [kwfonf/ ]rdk;pkd;} qkdonhf emrnfESihf]uRefawmf} ukd twGJvkduf a&;xm;onf/ odkYaomf ]t&rf;} qkdaompum;vHk;usawmh ]t}uwpfvHk;? &aumufuwpfvHk;? rowf0dpöESpfvHk;aygufu wpfvHk;pDjzpfonf/ ]cspf}qkdaompum;vHk;ukd cauG;,yif;]cs}uwpfvHk;? pvHk;owf]pf}wpfvHk;/ ]w,f}uvnf; xkdtwkdif;yifjzpfonf/ bmyJjzpfjzpf rkd;pkd;uawmh oabmusygonf/
]]pmu ½kd;awmh usefwmukd pdwful;wnhf&m vkyfxm;wmaerSmaygh}}
]]trav;...a':rkd;pkd;/ 'DavmufwHk;wJhpmukd 'Davmufa&SUaevkdufaerSawmh...[if;...[if;.../ a[m'Du uRefawmfrsKd;rwkdYutajctaeukd odygNyD...odygNyD}}
]]r[kwfygbl; omom&m.../ ol b,fvdkvlqkdwm odxm;awmh awG;Munhfwmyg/ pdwfcsyg.../ 'Dudpöukd ukd,fu rif;wkdYukd
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
128 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
todray;bJ? rwkdifyifbJeJY vHk;0rvkyfygbl;}}'DawmhrS [kdESpfaumif NidrfumoGm;onf/ tJ'DaeYu rkd;pkd;
&ifckefraeyg/ odkYaomf wnfNidrfav;eufrIawmh &ifxJrSm tjynhf&Sdaeygonf/w
ww
.fore
vers
pace
.com
.mm
ZGwf 129
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJ q&mawmfxH a&mufaomfvnf; q&mawmfESih fat;at;aq;aq;awmh rawGU&/ q&mawmf oifwef;&Sdaeojzihfq,frdepfcefYom awGUcGihf&onf/ ajcqkyfvufe,f jyKpkay;csdefyifr&vkduf/ q&mawmfonf tom;vwfvmaomfvnf; awmfawmfBuD; ydefoGm;wmudk a&TuJ awGU&onf/ q&mawmfu aiGvkdívmonf[k xifonf/ aiGvdkí r[kwf? owd&í vmonf[kajymawmh odyfauseyfyHk r&/ ]]tykdtvkyfawG rvkyfeJY/ ighudkowd&&if pmukdom BudK;pm;...}} [k qdkonf/
vlBuHKESihf xkwf&rnhfaiGtwGuf pma&;ay;onf/ NyD;awmhqHk;rpum;ukd cyfwkdwdkom qkdonf/
]]a&TuJ...pmudkom BudK;pm;/ &wemoHk;yg;ukd rarheJY/uHig;yg;ukd vHkatmifxdef;/ Mum;&JUvm;}}
]]wifyghbk&m;...}}]]at;...at;...jyefawmh}}tjyefvrf;rSm a&TuJ&ifxJ 0rf;enf;NyD; wpfckckukd rausreyf
jzpfvsuf&Sdonf/ &efukefNrdKUESihf tvSrf;a0;vGef;aomae&mrS &Sifwpfyg;ESihf vlwpfa,muf ynm&Sm&ef a&mufvmMuonf/ q&mawmfuawmh wm0efausatmif aeYrtm; nrvwf pmudk BudK;pm;onhftwGuf tenf;i,fyif y de fumoGm;onf/ oluawmh 'DrSmaumifrav;awGESihf aeYpOfawGUum aysmfaeonf/ qHyifawGn§yf?
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
130 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rsufESmukd [kd[mawGokwfwmcH? 'gawGvdrf;? aygif;tkd;BuD;xJ0if...jzpfcsifwkdif;ukd jzpfaecJhonf/ olvkyfaewmawG tm;vHk;ukdomq&awmfodoGm;vQif ausmif;tv,fwkdifukd zufum usdef;vHk;ESihfaysmhaeatmif wD;rSm aocsmonf/
'DaeYupNyD; q&mawmhfvkdyif olvnf; &nfrSef;csufukdrrSdwfrokef a&mufatmifoGm;rnhf vlwpfa,mufjzpf&rnf[k a&TuJqHk;jzwfcsuf csvkdufonf/
taqmifukda&mufawmh rkd;ausmfwkd Y ra&mufao;/ olwpfa,mufwnf; ckwifay:rSm vSJavsmif;&if; pOf;pm;aerdonf/qHk;jzwfcsufcsNyD;NyDqkdvQifawmh vkyfp&m&SdwmawGukd aocsmatmifvkyf&awmhrnf/
a&TuJ ckwifay:u xxkdifum olYaowåmukd zGihfonf/NyD;awmh taotcsmodrf;xm;onfh rkd;pkd;\vkdifpifyHkuav;ukd xkwfonf/ NyD;awmh...ai;Munhf&if; pkwfNzJypfvkdufzkdYukd r0Hhr&J jzpfaeonf/'geJY rD;tkyfaqmif;uav;eJY eHab;uabmifrSm "mwfyHkuav;ukdaxmifum tomNidrfMunhfaerdonf/ "mwfyHkxJrSm rkd;rdk;pkd;onfolYpdwfxJrSm bm&Sdw,fqkdwmudk rod/ olYukd ½kd;om;jzLpifpGmyifai;Munhfaeonf/
]aMomf...rkd;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...}&ifxJrSm a&&Gwf&if; bm&,fr[kwfbJ abmvfyifukd aumuf
ukdifum a&SUrSm&Sdonhf pm&Gufay:rSm rkd;pkd;emrnfawGukd a&;csaerdonf/ rkd;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...rdk;pkd;.../
]]oli,fcsif;&m...tJ'Davmuf pGJvef;ae&ifvnf; igwkdYukdtpuwnf;u ajyma&mayghuGm}}
½kwfw&uf aemufrSxGufvmaom toHaMumihf a&TuJ
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 131
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wpfukd,fvHk; wkefoGm;onf/ vSnhfMunhfawmh rkd;ausmf? wifatmifrif;odrf;ESihf 0if;Ekdif/
]][m.../ bmrS r[kwfbl;As/ r[kwfbl;.../ usKyfbmomysif;wmeJY...}}
]]a&TuJ.../ igwkdY[m wpfrkd;wnf;atmufrSm wpfaqmifwnf;ae? wpfausmif;wnf;wufMuwJh oli,fcsif;awGyguGm.../bmoma&;t&yJ MunhfMunhf? vlrIa&;t&yJMunhfMunhf wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf aus;Zl;ruif;Muygbl;/ rif;jyóem[m igwkdYjyóemygyJ/ yGihfyGihfvif;vif;om ajymuGm}}
]][kwfw,f a&TuJ.../ rif; aeyHkxkdifyHku igwkdYukd t&rf;pdrf;aew,f/ rif;...rkd;pkd;eJYywfoufNyD; wpfckckcHpm;ae&w,f/ tJ'gigwkdYukd yGihfvif;prf;yguGm.../ uJ...igwkdY bmulnD&rvJ}}
a&TuJ awmfawmf'ku©a&mufoGm;onf/ vlrodcsifumrSvlrdonhftjzpfrsKd;qkdawmh...bmrS rwwfEdkifawmh/ bmajym&rSef;vJrodawmh/
]]'D"mwfyHku rkd;pkd; ay;xm;wmvm;}}a&TuJ t½kd;om;qHk; &ifqdkifzkdY qHk;jzwfvkdufonf/ ½kd;om;onhf
tcg owdåonf tvdkvdkygvm&pNrJ r[kwfvm;/ ol "mwfyHkukdb,fvkd&w,fqkdwm &Sif;jyvkduf\/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u wpfcsufNyHK;onf/
]][kwfNyD a&TuJ.../ 'gqkd&if rif; rkd;pkd;ukd cspfaeovm;...}}]]r[kwfbl;/ usKyf olYukd rcspfbl;.../ tJ'gtrSefyJ/ tck
'D"mwfyHkudkvnf; NzJypfrvkdY}}0if;Edkifu acgif;ukd cgonf/]]igwkdYrdrS &Suf&rf;&rf;NyD; avQmufrvkyfygeJYuGm.../ uJ...
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
132 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'Dpm&GufrSm rkd;pkd;emrnfawG a&;aewmusawmha&m...}}]]r[kwfbl;As/ 'D...'DvkdAsm.../ usKyf...[kd...bmvkyf&rSef;
rodvkdY wpfa,mufwnf;&Sdw,fqdkNyD; avQmufa&;rdwm}}oHk;a,mufpvHk;u acgif;ukd cgonf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u
NyHK;umMunfh&if; a&TuJycHk;ay:ukd vuftomwifonf/ NyD;awmh...]]a&TuJ.../ rif; raeYuay;wJhpmukd igwkdY oGm;ay;awmh
rkd;pkd;wdkYtm;vHk;u 'Dpmukd &nf;pm;pmvdkY xifMuwmuG/ od&JUvm;.../'gayr,hf rkd;pkd;u ,lw,f/ rif; olYukd wu,fomcspfaeNyDqkd&iftajctaeaumif;w,fuGm.../ igwkdYvnf; ulnDEkdifw,f/ uJ...rif;&ifxJrSm &Sdwmudk yGihfyGihfvif;vif;omajym}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;aMumihf a&TuJ wkefvIyfoGm;onf/'g[m wu,fyJvm;.../ [ifhtif;...r[kwfbl;/ ig...olYukd rcspfbl;/ 'Dudpöukd tjywfajymrSukd jzpfawmhr,f/
ycHk;ay:vmwifaom wifatmifrif;odrf;\ vufukd a&TuJuykwfxkwfypfvkdufonf/ ½kwfw&uf xifrxm;ojzihf wifatmifrif;odrf; tHhMooGm;yHk&onf/
]]'DrSm.../ cifAsm;wkdYukd usKyf ajymr,f/ ukd,hfb0eJYukd,faeMuprf;ygAsm.../ usKyfb0 'Dukda&mufvmwm pmoifzkdY q&mawmhfaus;Zl;ukd qyfzkdY/ usKyf ajymjyr,f/ rkd;pkd;eJYusKyf bmrSrywfoufbl;/ cifAsm;wkdYudkvnf; ajymp&mp&m; bmrSr&Sdbl;/ tJ'g aemufqHk;pum;yJ}}
ajymNyD;onfESihf a&TuJ taqmifxJrS xGufoGm;onf/rkd;ausmfwkdY aMumifai;um usefcJh\/ a'goxGufoGm;[efwlaomwifatmifrif;odrf;ukd 0if;Edkifu tomycHk;zufí w&m;csonf/
]]uJ...oli,fcsif;/ 'Daumifu tjywfajymoGm;NyD;NyDyJ/ rif;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 133
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
bmrS qufrvkyfeJYawmh.../ [kwfNyDvm;}}]]&rvm;uG/ ightpDtpOfeJY rkd;pkd;ukd pmay;NyD;aeNyD/ 'Daumif
wpfcsufuav; 0efcHvkdufwmeJY igu 'Dudpöukd today;rvkdY/tckawmhuGm.../ a[haumif aocsmw,f/ 'Daumif rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufaewmuG/ olYb0&,f...? olYq&mawmfbk&m;&,fMum;rSm ydwfrdNyD;'Daumif ryGihfvif;wm}}
]]uJ...'Daumihfukdawmh bmrS qufajymvdkY&awmhrSm r[kwfbl;/ rif; pxm;wJhudpöu bmqufvkyfMurvJ.../ tck[muajymif;jyefBuD; jzpfaew,f/ rkd;pk d;u vufcHw,f/ 'Daumifujiif;aew,f/ uRHaewmu igwkdYyJ...}}
rkd;ausmfpum;aMumihf wifatmifrif;odrf; NidrfumoGm;onf/wpfckckukdvnf; tBuD;tus,f pOf;pm;aeyHkay:onf/ NyD;awmh xHk;pHtwkdif; olYqHyifav;ukd cgum wifatmifrif;odrf;u NyHK;onf/pm;yGJay:rSm axmifxm;onhf rkd;pkd;"mwfyHkESihf a&TuJa&;oGm;aomemrnfrsm;ukd wpfcsufMunhfonf/
]]uJ.../ iguawmh 'Dudpöudk qufvkyf&awmhrSmyJ.../rif;wkdY tultnDvnf; vdkwmayghuGm/ "mwfyHkukd xm;awmh.../'Daumif a&;xm;wJh emrnfpm&Gufukd odrf;xm;vkduf}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
134 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]&SufNyD; rvmwm xifw,f[}}]]rif;pum; rSm;aeNyD omom/ olu pmay;xm;wm[/
&Sufjcif;&Suf&if rdef;uav;uom &Suf&rSm.../ 'grsKd;usawmhaMumufNyD; rvmwmvkdY ajym&w,f/ rSwfxm;}}
acrmu rJhrJh&GJU&GJUajym&if; olwdkY wkdufckdufwJhpum;ukd rkd;pkd;bmwkefYjyefrvJ...[k tomiJhum Munhfonf/ 'DESpfaumif rkd;pkd;qDupum;xGufatmif? rcHcsifjzpfvmatmif wrifwum ajymaerSef;rkd;pkd; odygonf/
a&TuJqkdonhfvluvnf; cufonf/ pmay;NyD;onhfaeYrSpíwpf&ufrS a&mufrvm.../ yHkrSeftwdkif; a&mufrvmwmqkdvQifvkdufac:&wm bmjyóemrS r&Sdaomfvnf; pmay;xm;onhftwGufukd,fu pvdkufac:vQif tajctaeu ½IyfaxG;oGm;Ed kifonf/omomwkdYajymovdk olYudk aMumufaewmvnf; jzpfEdkifygonf/
pmay;onhfudpöu rkd;pkd;twGuf odyf'ku©ra&mufyg/ a&TuJom yHkrSeftwkdif; vmaernfqkdvQif ,m,DNidrf;csrf;a&;,lxm;í&Ekdifygonf/ tck a&TuJ a&mufrvmojzihf xkdudpö yHkrSefjzpfaeusxuf ydkNyD; ta&;BuD;oGm;ovdk jzpfaeonf/
a&TuJ vkyfyHku olYukd jyefrBudKufvQif qufqHaygif;oif;a&;ukd &yfypfvkduf&rvdk jzpfaeonf/ olYukd jyefBudKufrnfqkdvQifvnf; tajzay;zkdY udk,fuyJ vkdufac:&awmhrnhf tajctae jzpfae
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 135
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
onf/ awmfawmfrvG,fulwJh vlygvm;.../]]rkd;pkd;.../ [kdrSm vmaewm a&TuJtaqmifu oli,fcsif;
awG r[kwfvm;}}acrmjyvdkY vSrf;Munhfawmh rdk;ausmfwkdYtkyfpkudk awGU&onf/
rkd;pkd; &ifwpfcsuf xdwfqkd ckefoGm;\/ a&TuJukd &Smaomfvnf; rawGU/'DvlawG rdk;pkd;wkdY0kdif;ukd vm0ifxkdifvdrhfrnf[k xifxm;aomfvnf;rkd;pkd;wGufudef;u rSm;oGm;onf/ rkd;ausmfwkdYu rkd;pkd;ESihf cJwpfypfavmufa0;aom rsufESmcsif;qkdif uJifwif;wGif xkdifvkdufMuonf/omomu rkd;pkd;ukd vSrf;umMunhfonf/ NyD;awmh...rkd;pkd;ukd today;wmr[kwfbJ olYwpfukd,fwnf; ajymovkd ajymonf/
]]tif;...a&TuJawmh rygbl;}}rkd;pkd; wpfcsufpOf;pm;um qHk;jzwfcsuf csvkdufonf/]]omom...vSrf;ac:vkdufygvm;/ wpfckck od&wmaygh}}omomu rJhNyHK;wpfcsufNyHK;NyD; acgif;ukd oHk;av;cg ndwf
onf/ NyD;awmh 0ifxkdifuwnf;u olwdkYukdyJ Munhfaeaom wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYukd vufjyum ac:onf/ omomvSrf;ac:awmholwkdY ESpfrdepfcefY wkdifyifMuNyD; oHk;a,mufpvHk;xum rdk;pkd;wkdYqDvmonf/ odkYaomf pum;vmajymawmh wifatmifrif;odrf;omjzpfonf/ usefESpfa,mufu 0ifrxkdifbJ &yfaeMu\/
]]a&TuJ rygbl;vm;}}]]tif;.../ 'Daumihfudpöu b,fupNyD; bmajym&rSef;awmif
rodawmhbl;}}]]udpör&Sdygbl;/ &SifwkdY odxm;wJhtwkdif; trSefukdyJ ajymyg}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u pdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm;um qHyifuk d
wpfcsufodrf;oyfwifNyD; aemufuESpfa,mufukd vSrf;umMunhfonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
136 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
aemufu oli,fcsif;awGu acgif;ndwfjyawmhrS...]]yxrOD;qHk; rkd;rkd;pkd;ukd awmif;yef&awmhrSmyJ/ [kdaeYu
'Daumifay;xm;wJhpm[m &nf;pm;pmqkdwmukd uRefawmfwdkY wpfu,fudk rodbl;/ rodvdkYvnf; ay;&Jwmaygh}}
rdk;pkd;rsufESm &JceJjzpfoGm;onf/ ½kwfw&uf bmjyefajym&rSef;vnf; rod/ rkd;pkd; aMumifaecsdefrSm acrmu 0ifajymay;ojzihfoli,fcsif;rsm;ukd aus;Zl;wif&ao;onf/
]]tJ'g xm;vkdufawmh.../ odNyD;om;yJ/ a&TuJ bmjzpfvdkYrvmwmvJ}}
wifatmifrif;odrf; cPawmh NidrfumoGm;onf/ NyD;awmhoufjyif;udkcsum rkd;pkd;ukd r&Jw&JMunhf&if; ajymonf/
]]rkd;pkd;ukd pmay;NyD;awmh 'Daumif awmfawmfwkefvIyfaew,fAs/ taqmifrSm ttdyftpm;vnf; rrSefbl;/ aevnf; raebl;/NyD;awmh...rkd;pkd;emrnfawGcsnf;yJ pm&GufrSm avQmufa&;aew,f/rkd;pkd;emrnfawGcsnf;yJ}}
]]rkd;pkd;emrnfawG.../ &SifwkdY bmajymwmvJ.../ rkd;pkd; em;rvnfbl;}}
rkd;pkd; wthHwMoESihf 0ifumar;awmh wifatmifrif;odrf;uacgif;ukd cg&rf;um 0if;EdkifwkdYbufukd vSrf;Munhf&if; rsufaphukdtomrSdwfjyonf/ 0if;Edkifu oufjyif;ukd cs&if;...
]]ajymr,fqkd&ifvnf; tukefom ajymvkdufyguGm.../'Daumif ryGihfvif;wm xm;awmh/ rif;wdkY igwkdYuawmh jzpfwJhudpöukdajym&awmhrSmyJ}}
]][kwfw,f.../ &SifwkdY yGihfyGihfvif;vif;ajymwm taumif;qHk;yJ/ 'grS uRefrwkdY bmvkyf&r,fqkdwm taumif;qHk; pOf;pm;vkdY
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 137
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
&rSm}}omomhpum;qHk;awmh wifatmifrif;odrf;u pm&Gufig;
&Gufukd xkwfum rkd;pkd;ukd ay;onf/ rkd;pkd; ,lNyD; rzwfbJ vG,ftdwfxJxnhf&efvkyfawmh wifatmifrif;odrf;u...
]]zwfMunhfyg.../ &Sufp&m rvkdygbl;/ uRefawmf ckeuajymwm tJ'gyJ}}
'geJY rkd;pkd; tomvSefMunhfawmh pm&Gufwkdif;rSm rkd;pkd;emrnfawGudkcsnf; a&;umxm;\/ rkd;pkd;pdwfxJrSm vQyfceJ wpfcsufjzpfoGm;onf/
]][m...rkd;pkd; emrnfawGcsnf;ygyJvm;/ bmoabmvJ...[if}}
wtHhwMoESihfar;aom omomhukd rkd;pkd; tomvufukwfNyD;bmrSrajym&ef wm;&onf/
]][kwfw,f omom.../ 'Daumif 'DemrnfawGcsnf;yJa&;aewmMumNyD/ NyD;awmh aemufwpfcku "mwfyHkudpö...}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;u pum;ukd rqufbJ rkd;pkd;wdkYukd pdwf0ifpm;rI&Sd&JUvm;...qkdwmudk avhvmao;onf/ NyD;rS pum;ukd qufonf/
]]'Daumif rkd;pkd;&JU ykdufqHtdwfukd aumuf&wkef;u rdk;pkd;tdwfxJu "mwfyHkwpfyHkukd ,lxm;w,f/ tJ'D"mwfyHkukd 'Daumif cdk;Munhfaewkef; uRefawmfwkdYu awGUoGm;awmh 'Daumif awmfawmf&SufoGm;w,f/ uRefawmfwdkYu em;vnfygw,fajymwmawmifrS 'Daumifu r&awmhbl;/ tJ'DudpöawGukd rkd;pkd;odatmif trSeftwkdif; vmajymwmyg}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;qHk;awmhrS rkd;pk;d oufjyif;csEkdifonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
138 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'DavmufqkdvQifawmh rkd;pkd;twGuf bmjyóemrS r&SdvSyg/a&TuJqDu ykdufqHtdwfjyef&pOfu "mwfyHkawGukd ppfrMunhfcJh/ppfMunhfp&mvnf; rvkdyg/ a&TuJu vkdcsifonfqkdvQif vkdufpifyHkrSr[kwf/ tdrfu ß´¾«³xJrSm &Sdonhf tvSjyyHkawGukdyif ay;xm;vdkY&ygonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJu t&SuftaMumufBuD;olom jzpfonf/olYykdufqHtdwfwkef;u xkdtcsufuav;ukd toHk;csNyD; rkd;pkd; xif&mawG vkyfcJhNyD;NyD/ tck "mwfyHkudpöukd rkd;pkd; cGihfvTwfEkdifygonf/
]]a&TuJukd ajymvkdufyg/ tJ'gawG ta&;rBuD;ygbl;/ uRefrwdkYqDukd vmcJhygOD;vdkY...}}
]]'Dudpöudk ayghayghoabmrxm;eJY rdk;pkd;/ olYbufu awmfawmfta&;BuD;aewmaemf.../ rvG,fbl; rkd;pkd;/ b,folYrS rac:rajymEkdif jzpfaewmukdyJ rkd;pkd;Munhfawmh}}
]]uRefr em;vnfygw,f/ "mwfyHkudpöudkvnf; uRefrbufuawmh bmrSrjzpfbl;vkdY ajymvkdufyg}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;u rkd;pkd;ukd wpfcsufMunhfonf/ rkd;pkd;uwifatmifrif;odrf;\ tMunhfudk rvGJbJ &ifqkdifMunhfum ,Jh,Jhuav;NyHK;jyvkdufonf/ xkdtNyHK;onf rdef;uav;wpfa,muftwGuf pGefYpm;jcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ a&TuJtay: oHo,jrLwpfrIefrS r&SdaMumif; taumif;qHk;oufaovnf; jzpfavonf/
olwkdYpum;0kdif; acwå wdwfqdwfoGm;Muonf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;uawmh acgif;udk av;ig;cgndwfNyD; olYaq;ayghvdyfukdrD;n§dzGm&if; ta0;odkY ai;aeNyD;rS...
]]a&TuJuawmh "mwfyHkudpöudk rkd;pkd;od&if olYukd t&rf;&GHU&SmpufqkyfNyD; rkef;oGm;r,fvkdYukd xifaewm.../ tay;t,lav;wpfckawmh vkyfvkdufygvm; rkd;pkd;&,f.../ 'DaumihfqDu "mwfyHk
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 139
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
jyef,l&if rdk;pkd; olYudk rcspfbl;qdkwJh tajzaygh/ wpfu,fvkdY rkd;pkd;olYukd jyefrcspfEkdifbl;qdk&ifvnf; "mwfyHkukdyJ jyef,lxm;vkdufyg/ol pdwfxdckdufr,hfpum;awG rajymygeJY/ uRefawmfwkdYu 'DaumifjzpfaewmawGukdMunhfNyD; rkd;pkd;ukd tultnDawmif;wmyg}}
]][kwfw,f rkd;pkd;/ 'DwpfBudrfom xyfjzpf&if yxrtBudrfxuf 'Daumif ykdqkd;rSm trSefyJ}}
rkd;ausmfpum;qHk;awmhrS 0if;Ekdifu 0ifonf/]]trSefawmh a&TuJu ol odyfaMumuf&wJh q&mawmfeJY?
ol odyfcspfrdwJh rkd;pkd;Mum;rSm ydwfrdaewmyg/ 'Daumihfb0u rkd;pkd;rSem;vnfray;&if awmfawmfav;ukd jzpfcsif&m jzpfoGm;Ek difwm/uRefawmfwkdYu rkd;pkd;udkyJ tm;ukd;&awmhrSmygyJAsm...}}
olwkdYpum;qHk;awmh rkd;pkd; bmrS jyefrajymEkdif/ omomESihfacrmvnf; rkd;pkd;ukdyJ vSrf;Munhf&if; bmwpfckrS qHk;jzwfcsuf0ifray;Mu/
tcktajctaeu vlwpfa,mufudk tajzay;zkdYxuf vlwpfa,mufb0ukd pD&ifcsufcsae&wmESihf ykdwlonf/ yxr ykdufqHtdwfudpöwkef;u ol rckd;bl;qkdwmodygvsufESihf rkd;pkd;u wrifolvkyfcsifwmukd vkyfypfcJhonf/ tck "mwfyHkudpöusawmh ol,lxm;wm aocsmonf/ rkd;pkd;u tjypfay;vkdufvQif.../
]]aumif;NyDav.../ rkd;pkd; pOf;pm;ygOD;r,f/ obufcgus&ifolYukd qHkaeusae&mudk reufukd;em&D vmcJhvdkY ajymvkdufyg}}
]]aus;Zl;wifygw,f rkd;pkd;&,f...wu,fygyJ/ 'gayrJh a&TuJqkdwJhaumifu awmf½Hkawmif r[kwfbl;/ uRefawmfwkdYudkvnf;odyf,Hkwm r[kwfbl;qkdawmh...rdk;pkd; pmav;awmh a&;ay;vkdufygvm;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
140 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rkd;pkd; wpfcsufpOf;pm;NyD; olY ß«¬± pmtkyfukd xkwfumpmwkdav;wpfaMumif; a&;vkdufonf/
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®µ¼å°µ¼å
]]uJ...'Davmufqkd &NyDr[kwfvm;/ zwfMunhfygOD;}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u rkd;pkd;a&;ay;aom pmukd zwfMunhfNyD;
tdwfxJodkYxnhfum rkd;pkd;ukd aus;Zl;wifpGm NyHK;jy&if; rwfwyfx&yfonf/
]]'Davmufqkd&if &ygNyD/ tckvkd oabmxm;BuD;wJhtwGufrdk;pkd;ukd uRefawmf t&rf;aus;Zl;wifygw,f/ a[haumifawG oGm;Mu&atmif}}
xGufoGm;Muaom wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYudk ai;&if; rkd;pkd;utMunhfudk eHab;rS oli,fcsif;awGbuf rvSnfhbJ wjcm;wpfae&modkY ajymif;onf/ vSnhfai;vQifvnf; olYukd em;rvnfovdk rJhNyHK;NyHK;umMunfhraernhf acrmESihfomomwkdY rsuf0ef;rsm;udkyJ jrif&rSmaocsmonf/
]]b,fvkdvnf; q&mrBuD;/ 'Dwpfcgawmh rvu psmef<uNyDvm;}}
]]yxrwpfcgwkef;u odvsufeJY ukd,f olYtay: tcGifhta&;,lcJhNyD;NyD/ ol b,favmufcHvkduf&w,fqkdwm rif;wkdY todyJ/tck "mwfyHkudpöu ol ,lxm;wmyJ xm;awmh.../ ukd,fu tjypf,lvkduf&if ol &SufNyD; xGufoGm;awmhrSm aocsmw,f/ rkd;pkd;qkdwJh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 141
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rdef;uav;u rcspfwwfao;ygbl;/ 'gayrJh olYukd 'ku©ra&mufapcsifwmvnf; trSefyJ}}
rdk;pkd;pum;aMumihf acrmESihfomomwdkY NidrfoGm;Muonf/]]at;uGm.../ [kwfawmh [kwfygw,f/ rif;uom a&TuJ
eif bmjzpfvdkY 'D"mwfyHkukd ckd;xm;wmvJvkdY ar;vkduf&if a&TuJae&mwGif owfaorvm; rodbl;}}
]]tif;...'ku©...'ku©/ tcspfwwfao;bJeJY a,musfm;wpfa,mufukd tajctaet& cspfolvkyf&awmhr,fh rif;qHk;jzwfcsufudk rSm;w,fvkdY acrm rajymcsifbl;/ rSefawmhvnf; rrSefao;bl;rkd;pkd;}}
rdk;pkd; oufjyif;udk csonf/olYrSm jyefajymp&mpum;vnf; bmrSr&Sdbl; r[kwfvm;/a&SUu cyfokwfokwfoGm;aeaom wifatmifrif;odrf;ukd
rkd;ausmfu ycHk;ukdifum qGJvSnhfypfvkdufonf/ NyD;awmh pum;ukdcsufcsif;rajymEkdifao;/ rkd;pkd;wdkYESihfxkdifpOfu aMumufwma&m? pdwfvIyf&Sm;wma&mESihf a,mifa,mifNyD; yg;pyfxJukd xnhfcJhonhf uGrf;,mu av;,mavmuf&Sdojzihf yg;pyfxJrSm jynhfMuyfaeaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumihf uGrf;,mawGukd t&ifaxG;&onf/ NyD;rS...
]]a[haumif...rif; bmawGavQmufvkyfcJhwmvJ/ ajymwkef;u wpfrsKd;? vkyfawmhwpfrsKd;eJY/ 'Dudpöu jyóem b,favmufBuD;w,f rSwfovJ}}
]][kwfw,f oli,fcsif;.../ rif;ajymawmh a&TuJukd Muyf½HkyJqkd/ tck[mu vrf;qHk;ukd a&mufaeNyD/ r[kwfao;bl;aemf}}
0if;Ekdifpum;qHk;awmh wifatmifrif;odrf;u xHk;pHtwkdif;qHyifuav;ukd cgum &,fonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
142 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]udpör&Sdygbl;.../ rif;wdkY odyfpkd;&drfraeygeJY/ igvnf; tpuawmh a&TuJukd MuyfzkdYavmufyJ &nf&G,fwmyg/ 'gayr,hf Munhf&if;rkd;pkd;bufu odyftajctae aumif;aewmeJY pum;ukef ypfoGif;vkdufwm/ bmjzpfvJuGm.../ 'Daumifuvnf; rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufaewmyJ[m/ bmjyóem wpfp&m&SdvJ}}
'DawmhrS [kdESpfaumifrsufESm pyfNzJNzJBuD;awG jzpfoGm;Muonf/ 0if;Ekdifu...
]]a&TuJ...a&TuJ.../ a&S;b0ukokdvfuH awmfawmfaumif;wJhaumifygvm;.../ igwkdYu olYukd 'ku©ay;zkdY vkyfw,f/ tck olu'ku©ra&mufwJhtjyif awmfawmfav;edwfwJh aumifrav;eJYawmif&nf;pm;jzpf&OD;r,f.../ aumif;ayhuGm...[m;[m;[m;}}
]]tif;...avmuBuD;u awmfawmfqef;us,fwmyJ/ 'DaumifcPcPajymovdk uHomtrd? uHomtzqdkwm odyfrSefwmyJ/'Daumifod&if awmfawmf0rf;omrSm.../ vmuGm...jrefjrefowif;ay;Mu&atmif}}
rkd;ausmfwkdY tm;&0rf;om taqmifodkY jyefMuonf/odkYaomf avmuBuD;wGif uHw&m;qef;us,fovdk pdwfw&m;
uvnf; qef;us,faMumif;ukd olwdkY odoGm;Muonf/ wifatmifrif;dodrf;\ pum;rprSmyif a&TuJu a'gowBuD; aygufuGJawmhonf/
]][m...cifAsm;wkdY awmfawmf,kwfrmygvm;/ 'D"mwfyHkudpöub,fvkdusKyfqDrSm usefcJhw,fqkdwm cifAsm;wkdYukd &Sif;jycJhNyDom;/emrnfa&;w,fqkdwmvnf; bm&nf&G,fcsufeJYrS a&;wmr[kwfbl;vkdY ajymNyD;om;/ 'DudpöawG bmrS oGm;ajymp&m rvdkbl;/ cifAsm;wkdYAsm...&ufpufvkdufMuwm/ cifAsm;wkdYukd usKyfu bmawG 'ku©ay;aevkdY usKyftay: 'Davmuf 'ku©ay;aeMuwmvJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 143
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
t½l;wpfa,mufvkd aygufuGJum 0kef;'kdif;BuJaeaom a&TuJukd Munhfum wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdY pum;rajymEdkifMubJ aMumifaeMuonf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u olYr[mpGrf;aqmifcsufukd ½k d;½kd;rajymbJ oGm;uGefUojzihf vkd&if;ae&modkY ra&mufrD a&TuJu a'gowBuD; aygufuGJjcif;jzpfonf/
]]'Daumifrav;awGeJYywfoufNyD; yxrwpfcgvnf; usKyfrSmolckd;tpGwfqGJcH&NyD; t&SufwuGJ jzpfNyD;NyD/ tckvJ.../ awmuf.../'DrSmAsm...usKyfu tnmom;yg/ a&Tr&Sd? aiGr&Sd? rsKd;r&Sd aumifyg/usKyfqDu bmvkdcsifaevdkY 'Davmuf'ku©ay;ae&wmvJ.../ a[m'Dae&mvm;? a[m'D jywif;aygufu ckwifae&mukd vkdcsifvkdYvm;.../vm...vm...,l...,l/ usKyfukdawmh 'ku©ray;MuygeJYAsm}}
a&TuJu ckwifay:u olYjcifaxmif? aowåmawGukd qGJcsumeHab;odkY vTihfumypfonf/ rdk;ausmf xdwfvefYum eHab;odkY a&Smif&onf/ ypönf;awG tukefqGJcsvTihfypfNyD; rsuf&nf0Jum Murf;jyifay:rSmxkdifaeaom a&TuJtem;odkY 0if;Edkifu r&Jw&Juyfum avaysmhuav;ESihf ajym&onf/
]]a&TuJ...oli,fcsif;/ igwkdY rif;tay: r,kwfrmygbl;uGm/rif;jzpfaewmawGMunhfNyD; pdwfraumif;vkdY ajymrdMuwmyg/ rkd;pkd;uvnf; rif;ukd pdwfrqkd;ygbl;/ tck rif;tajctaeuav...}}
]]a[haumif 0if;Ekdif...awmfNyD/ rajymeJYawmh}}xkdtcsdefwGifrS ckwifaxmihfrS Nidrfaeaom wifatmifrif;odrf;
u 0kef;qkdxum a'gowBuD;atmfonf/]]'DrSm a&TuJ.../ ig 'Dudpötm;vHk;ukd ajymwm/ at;...
rif;tay:rSm ig r,kwfrmbl;qkdwm 'DaumifawGtm;vHk; odw,f/igwkdY apwemeJYajymwmudk rif; 'DavmufaygufuGJp&m rvkdbl; a&TuJ/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
144 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rif; jywif;aygufem;u ckwifvnf; igvkdcsifvdkY r[kwfbl;/ rif;uigwkdYapwemukd 'DavmufawmifjzpfaerSawmh igwkdY rif;eJYtwlraewmbJ aumif;w,f/ a[haumifawG...rif;wdkYa&m taqmifajymif;r,f r[kwfvm;}}
olwk d Yuk d csD;usL;*kPf,lrnf[k xifxm;cJ haomfvnf;½kwfw&uf a&TuJaygufuGJrIukd cHvkduf&ojzihf a'gojzpfaeMuaom[kdESpfa,mufvnf; vkdufrnf[k jyefajymum ypönf;awG odrf;Muonf/
'Dawmhvnf; a&TuJ bmvkyf&rSef;rod/ oli,fcsif;awGukdaMumifum ai;Munhfaerdonf/
]][m...tJ'Davmufvnf; r[kwfygbl;Asm.../ aeMuygOD;/cifAsm;wkdYu usKyfukd rwkdifyifbJ oGm;ajymawmh...}}
]]awmfNyD a&TuJ.../ a[m'DrSm rkd;pkd;u rif;ukd ay;vkdufwJhpm/rif; oGm;Munhfvkduf&if igwkdYapwemukd odoGm;vdrhfr,f/ 'gyJ...}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;u tdwfxJu pm&Gufukd xkwfay;umypönf;awGqGJNyD; tdrfay:rS qif;um oGm;Muonf/
a'gotoD;oD;rSvmaom tukokdvfpdwfrsm;onf rdepfESpfq,fcefY olwkdYtaqmifav;twGif;rSm avrkefwkdif;vkd 0ifarToGm;cJhonf/
tckawmh taqmifxJrSm a&TuJwpfa,mufom wdwfqdwfpGm usef&pfcJhavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 145
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uefa&jyifukd wdwfwqdwf ai;&wmrsKd;ukd rkd;pkd; t&rf;ESpfoufonf/ NyD;awmh uefa&jyiftpyfrSm&SdwJh opfyifBuD;awG&JUat;jrrI? nif;nif;nHnH avwkd;oH pdrf;jrrIu yef;NcHxJ? tdrfNcH0ef;xJu opfyifawGESihf awmfawmfuGmonf[k rkd;pkd; xifonf/ rkd;pkd;b0wGif rMumcPpdwful;,Ofaom vkdtifqE´ESpfck&Sdonf/ wpfckurnfolESihfrS rwlatmif ol wDxGifxm;aom Ú¿¸·±² 'DZkdif;awGukd0wfNyD; vlawG aysmf&TifEkdifzkdYjzpfNyD;? 'kwd,wpfcku tckvdk uefa&&dyfrSmopfyifawG tHkYqkdif;aewJhae&mrSm tdrfwpfvHk;aqmufum aezkdYjzpfonf/
olY0goemtwGuf oludk,fwkdif BudK;pm;rIa&m? azazeJYararvkdufa&mrIa&mESihf atmifjrifEdkifaomfvnf; 'kwd,pdwful;twGufawmh vG,frnfrxif/ rkd;pkd;wkdYu rqif;&Jaomfvnf; uefa&jyifBuD;ywfvnf0kdif;NyD; ndKUndKUqkdif;qkdif; opfyifawGygonfh tdrfwpfvHk;0,fEkdifatmifvnf; rcsrf;om/
'DvkdtdrfrsKd; &zkdYuvnf; 'DacwfrSm rvG,fvSyg/'gaMumihf...pdwfat;vufat; aecsifonhftcgwkdif; rdk;pkd;
'Dae&mav;uk d vmxk difavh&S donf/ NyD;awmh olYtdrfuk d olpdwful;,Ofonf/ 'gaMumihf 'Dae&muav;onf rkd;pkd;xkdifaeus?oli,fcsif;rsm;ESihf qHkaeusae&muav; jzpfvmonf/
'DaeY 'Dae&mukd rkd;pkd;wpfa,mufwnf; xGufvmcJhonhf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
146 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
twGuf omomESihfacrmu rauseyfMu/ olwkdYukdac:&ef tjyif;txef awmif;qkdaomfvnf; rdk;pk d;u tBudrfBudrfawmif;yefumxm;cJhonf/ a&TuJu b,fvkdyHkpHjzpfvmOD;rnf rodaomaMumihfrkd;pkd;ESihf ESpfa,mufwnf;awGUum taumif;qHk;[k ,lqxm;aomojzihfwpfOD;wnf;vmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
tawG;awGukd [kd'DvTihfNyD; a&TuJqDa&mufoGm;awmh rkd;pkd;oufjyif;ukd cs&onf/ a&TuJukd ol cspfovm;? rcspfbl;vm;qkdwmukd nuwpfnvHk; pOf;pm;cJhonf/ odkYaomf tajzu ray:/
a&TuJ\ rsufvHk;awGu ½kd;om;onf/ wpfcgwpf&H ,kefuav;wpfaumifrsuf0ef;ESifhwlNyD; wpfcgwpf&H uav;wpfa,muf\rsuf0ef;ESihf wlonf/ ol\ ½IdufzkdBuD;i,ftoG,foG,fukd owdxm;rdaom? ESpfoufoabmusaom a,musfm;av;wpfa,mufrsuf0ef;rsKd;ukd rkd;pkd; rMumcP BuHK;zl;ojzihf tvGwf&aecJhonf/odkYaomf a&TuJxHrSm 'Dvkdrsuf0ef;rsKd;ukd rawGU&/
a&TuJ\ ½kd;½kd;aewwfaomyHkpH? twdrf;t0Suf toG,ft0kduf?rygaom pum;ajymyHk? tepfemcHzkdYom pOf;pm;wwfaom pdwful;.../'gawGukd ol oabmus ESpfvdkcJhonf/ odkYaomf a&TuJonf olYpdwful;xJu &nf;pm;uae cspfoljzpfrnhf vlwpfa,mufESihfvnf;vHk;vHk;rwljyef/ ½kd;½kd;om;om;ajym&vQif ol a&TuJukd cifonf?oabmusonf? ,HkMunfonf/ &ifawmh rckefrdyg/
rdef;uav;awGtrsm;pkonf txifBuD;rS &ifckefwwfMuonfqkdvQif ol a&TuJukd txifrBuD;ao;[kom ajymp&m&Sdonf/odkYaomf tck ajz&Sif;&rnhfjyóemu a&mufvmNyD/ ol bmvkyf&rnfenf;/
]]rif;u olYb0ukd em;vnfNyD; "mwfyHkukd jyefr,lbl;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 147
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xm;ygawmh/ 'gqkd&if...oabmwlnDcsuft& rif;eJYol cspfolawGjzpfNyD/ jzpfMu&if...a&TuJtaeeJY rif;vdk rdef;uav;rsKd;ukd wtm;cspfrSmyJ.../ tJ'D olYtcspfBuD;ukd NyD;rS rif;u r[kwfygbl;vdkYajym&if a&TuJ b,fvkdcHpm;&rvJ}}
acrmar;aom ar;cGef;ukd rkd;pkd; jyefrajzEkdif/]]uJ...'gqkd rkd;pkd;u olay;wJh"mwfyHkukd qGJNzJypfvkduf&if
aum.../ a&TuJ b,fvkdcHpm;&rvJ/ bmawG jzpfukefMurvJ}}rdk;pkd;tar;ukdvnf; acrmwkdY jyefrajzEkdifMuyg/aemufqHk; awmrSvmNyD; qif;qif;&J&JESihf ynmoifaeaom
a&TuJtwGuf rkd;pkd; qHk;jzwfcsuf csvkduf&onf/ a&TuJukd oltajzay;vdkufawmhrnf/ 'Dvkdqkdawmhvnf; rkd;pkd; &ifawGbmawGckefvmjyef\/ vlYpdwfqkdwm wpfrsKd;ygvm;.../
tawG;vGefvdkY em&Dukd ikH YMunfhawmh (9;25) jzpfaeNyD/'DawmhrS uefa&jyifukd rsufESmvTJum £a`Erysufatmif iJhMunhfawmholYxHvmaeaom a&TuJukd awGUvkduf&\/
rdk;pkd; &ifxJrS xdwfceJjzpfum ukd,hf&ifckefoHukd twkdif;om;jyefMum;ae&\/ nu pOf;pm;wkef;u vHk;0 &ifrckefyg/ ]rkd;pkd;...eifbmjzpfaewmvJ.../ owdeJY aeprf;}[k ukd,hfukd,fukd,f twif;xdef;&onf/ ae&mvGwf&SdaeygvsufESihf cHkwef;wpfzufpGef;ukd tvdkvdka&TUoGm;rdonf/ NyD;awmh eHab;ukd rMunfh&JawmhbJ rsufvTmukdcsxm;vkduf&\/
rdk;pkd;ukd qHkaeuscHkrSm vSrf;awGUvdkuf&uwnf;u a&TuJ&ifawGwqwfqwfwkefum oGm;onf/ rdk;ausmfwkdY vdrfcJhwm r[kwf/wpfu,fvkyfcJhw,fqkdwm aocsmoGm;NyD/ olYb0? olYt&Suf? olYodu©mvnf; wpfpufrS rusefawmhNyD[k a&TuJ wGufvkdufonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
148 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'DaumifawG b,favmufajymcJh ajymcJh rkd;pdk;vdk rdef;uav;rsKd;u olYukd cGihfvTwfrSm r[kwfqkdwm a&TuJ odonf/ ykdufqHtdwfukd ol rckd;bl;xm;awmh/ "mwfyHkukdawmh ol ckd;cJhovkdjzpfwmaocsmonf/ q&mawmfu ][Jh...olwpfyg;u ray;wJh ypönf;ukdodatmif ,l,l? rodatmif ,l,l tJ'g ttdEém 'gemyJ...[Jh}[ktNrJajymwwfol r[kwfvm;/
xkdtawG;aMumihfyif a&TuJ &efawGwkefum rkd;pkd;xkdifaeaomcHkteD;rSm rwfwyf&yfaerdonf/ 0ifrxkdif&J? rxkdif0Hh/
ESpfrdepfavmuftxd 0ifrxkdifaom a&TuJaMumihf rdk;pkd;enf;enf; &ifckefoHukd xdef;EdkifoGm;onf/ 'Dudpö ajyvnfatmifajz&Sif;&rnhfvl[m olqkdwmudkvnf; owd&um oGm;onf/
]]a&TuJ...xkdifav}}]]cifAsm...[kwf...[kwfuJh}}a&TuJ 0ifxkdifonf/ olYvnfacsmif;xJrSm xef;oD;vHk;vdk
t&mrsKd;BuD;wpfck wpfae\/ rsufESmu ylvkdufwmrS tckaeyk&Gwfqdwfwpfaumifom rsufESmay: jyKwfusvmvQif ]zvGwf}qkdauG;aumufaooGm;rSm aocsmonf/
]]oli,fcsif;awG ajymwm trSefyJvm;}}]]*vk...tk...tk...tk...ygw,f}}][kwfygw,f}ukdyif ]tk...ygw,f}jzpfaeaom a&TuJukd
rkd;pkd; oem;oGm;onf/ tomckd;Munhfawmh ar;aMumBuD;awG axmifaeatmif wif;xm;um a&SUukd rsufvHk;tjyL;om;ESihf pdkufMunhfaeaom a&TuJukd awGU&onf/
a&TuJ\ wkefvIyfrIukd jrif&awmh bmaMumihfrSef; rod/rkd;pkd; awmfawmfav;ukd wnfNidrfumoGm;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 149
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]uJyg a&TuJ&,f...'Davmufvnf; jzpfraeygeJY/ olwdkY&Sif;jywmawGudkvnf; rkd;pkd; em;vnfygw,f/ [kwfvm;}}
]]uRef...uRefawmf...awmif;yefygw,f/ 'D...'DaumifawGukdrajymygeJYvdkY twefwef wm;wJhMum;u...}}
a&TuJ pum;qufrajymEdkif/ &ifxJrSm qdkYeifhum ae\/odkYaomf rkd;pkd;uawmh ayghyg;pGm&,fonfukd Mum;&\/
]]bmvJ.../ emrnfawGa&;wJh udpövm;.../ bmjzpfvkdYa&;wmvJ}}
a&TuJwpfukd,fvHk; xlylumoGm;\/ 'DaumifawG ajymonhftxJrSm ol emrnfa&;onhfudpöryg/ jzpfEkdifvQif a&SUu a&uefxJukd *Rrf;ypfum ckefcsypfvkdufcsifonf/
]][m;...'DaumifawG 'gyg ajymoGm;wmvm;/ awmuf...awmfawmf&ufpufwJh aumifawGuGm.../ [muGm...'DaumifawG}}
a&TuJu a'goESihfajym&if; rwfwyfx&yfum vufoD;ukdqkyfonf/ rkd;pkd; tajctaeukd 0ifxdef;&jyef\/
]]uJyg...'DavmufjzpfraeygeJY.../ rkd;pkd;u em;vnfygw,fvdkYajymNyD;om;yJ/ pmrusufbJ rkd;pkd;emrnfawG avQmufa&;aeawmhb,f[kwfrvJ/ tJ'gukd ajymwm.../ pdwfqkd;vdkY r[kwfygbl;}}
]]uRefawmf pmusufygw,f/ usufw,f.../ yGihfyGihfvif;vif;0efcH&&if rdk;pkd;eJY rawGUwmMumawmh bm&,fr[kwfbJ emrnfawGcsa&;rdwmyg/ uRefawmf...pdwfxJrSm...}}
]]uJ...xkdifyg a&TuJ&,f.../ 'Davmuf toHus,fBuD;eJYvnf;ratmfeJYav.../ xkdifaemf.../ olwdkYajymwmawGukd pdwfxJrSm rxm;eJYawmh/ [kwfNyDvm;...}}
rdk;pkd; bmaMumihfrSef; rod/ a&TuJ vufarmif;ukd tom
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
150 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
oGm;udkifrdonf/ a'goxGufaeaom armifwpfa,mufukd tpfruacsmhovdkrsKd; jzpfvdrhfrnf xifonf/ a&TuJu 0kef;ceJxkdifum...
]]uRefawmfodNyD rdk;pkd;/ uRefawmf bmrS ajymp&m r&Sdawmhygbl;/ a&mh...rkd;pkd;qDu uRefawmf ckd;xm;wJh "mwfyHk}}
a&TuJpum;aMumihf rkd;pkd; yxr...tHhMooGm;onf/ 'kwd,...&ifckefoGm;onf/ wwd,...tHhtm;oihfum &,fcsifoGm;onf/'D"mwfyHkudpö[m b,favmufta&;BuD;wJh udpöwJhvJ.../ b,favmuf El;nHhodrfarGUwJh udpöwJhvJ.../ tzGJUtEGJUuav;eJY rajymwwfbl;qdkvQifawmifrS El;nHhodrfarGUpGmawmh ajymoihfonf[k rdk;pkd;xifonf/ at;av...'g a&TuJ ͬ§´» aygh[k rkd;pkd; em;vnfay;vkdufygonf/
]]b,folu ckd;w,fvdkY ajymaevdkYvJ.../ a&TuJuvJ...}}]]b,folu ajymajym? rajymajym ukd,hfukd,fukd,fawmh
odaewmyJ rdk;pk d;&,f.../ olrsm;ray;wJh ypönf;ukd ,lxm;wmt'dEém 'gemuHyJ.../ ckd;wmyJ r[kwfbl;vm; rdk;pkd;&,f}}
tckrS a&TuJavoHu wkef,ifumvmonf/ rsufESmutvkdrjynhfaom uav;wpfa,muf wjznf;jznf; 0rf;enf;umrJhrJhvmovdkrsKd; jzpfaeonf/ tcsdefrD acsmhrnfhol r&SdvQif pl;pl;0g;0g;idkcsawmhrnhfyHkpHrsKd; jzpfae\/
]]uRefawmf 0efcHygw,f/ rkd;pkd; BudKufwJhtjypfukd ay;yg/rkd;pkd; "mwfyHkukd jyef,lyg/ 'grSr[kwf...}}
a&TuJ toHu wkef,ifae&mrS epf0ifum oGm;ojzihf rkd;pkd;uref;uwef; wm;&onf/
]]tJ'D...'grSr[kwf qkdwm&JU aemufu[myJ xm;vkdufygawmh}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 151
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]cifAsm...}}rkd;pkd;pum;qHk;awmh a&TuJu "mwfyHkukd udkifvsuf xum
&yfonf/ rkd;pkd;uawmh &Suf&GHUpGm acgif;ukd iHkYcsxm;rd\/ ]'grSr[kwf&JU aemufu[m...? 'grSr[kwf&JU aemufu[m...}[k a&TuJ a&&GwfaeoHukd Mum;&\/ ol b,favmufaysmf&TifMunfEl;oGm;ovJqkdwmukd odcsifvdkY rkd;pkd; tomarmhMunhfvdkufawmh jrif&wmu ajymif;jyefjzpfaeonf/
a&TuJ ar;½kd;BuD;awG axmif;axmif;xatmif tHukdBudwfum pOf;pm;aeonf/ NyD;awmh acgif;ukd cgonf/
]]rkd;...rdk;pkd; qkdvkdwmu...}}cspfolwpfa,muf&JU wduswJhtajzukd ol em;eJY qwfqwf
Mum;csifaewmvm;.../ 'gawmh wqdwfavmbBuD;vGef;onf[ka,musfm;av;awGukd rkd;pkd; pGwfpGJypfvkdufonf/ 'DrSm...'Davmuf&SufNyD; &ifckefaewmukd ol rodbl;vm;.../ nrSm pOf;pm;wkef;ur&cJhaom tajzudk rkd;pkd; &oGm;cJhygNyD/ rkd;pkd; &ifawG ckefaeonf/rkd;pkd; olYukd cspfonf/
]]rkd;pk d;u tm;vHk;ukd em;vnfw,fvdk Y ajymNyD;om;yJ/'Davmufawmif rodbl;vm;/ "mwfyHkukd jyef,lxm;vkdufyg}}
]][m...[m...[m...'gqkd...rdk;pkd; uRefawmhfukd cGihfvTwfw,faygh/ 0rf;omvkdufwm rkd;pkd;&m...0rf;omvkdufwm/ uRwfawmfxifukd xifrxm;wm.../ pdwfcs rkd;pkd;/ rkd;pkd;ukd,fwkdif jyefay;wJh'D"mwfyHkukd uRefawmfwpfoufvHk; jrwfjrwfEkd;Ekd; odrf;xm;rSm.../odvm;}}
trav;...awmfygao;&JU[k a&TuJpdwfxJrSm atmfrdonf/tckusawmhvnf; a&TuJyHkpHu 0rf;omtm;& ckefaygufrwwf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
152 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
jzpfaejyefonf/ yxrOD;qHk; cspfol pxm;onhf rdef;uav;qkdwmukd,hfcspfolukd ]cspfygw,f...}[k ajAmifBuD;zGihfajymzkdY &SufwwfMuonf r[kwfvm;.../ 'DvkdyJ yef;uav; yefvmwmwkdY? &ifxkd;uvpfuav; csdwfjywmwkd Y? ol odyfoabmusaom tusÐvHkcsnf0wfjywmwkdYukd vkyfavh&Sdonf r[kwfvm;/
tckvnf; rdk;pkd; 'Dvkdenf;rsKd;ESifh tqifajyoGm;ojzihf &ifxJrSm ayghumoGm;onf/ odkYaomf...a&TuJuawmh rwfwyf&yfum0rf;omaewkef;/ awmfawmf atmifyGJcHcsifaew,fayghav.../
]]xkdifyg...a&TuJuvJ/ [kdrSm wjcm;vlawGeJY...}}]]0rf;omvdkYyg...aysmfvdkYyg rdk;pkd;&m...}}a&TuJ "mwfyHkav;udkMunhf&if; xkdifumcsonf/xkdpOfrSmyif yd...yD...yD;...qkdaomtoH a&TuJ wifyg;
atmufu xGufvmonf/ a&TuJu tHhMoum rkd;pkd;ukd vSnhfumMunhf\/ xkdtcsdefrSmyif teHYu rcHEkdifavmufatmif xGufvmojzihfrdk;pkd; a,mif,rf;um ESmacgif;ukd ydwfvkdufrdonf/ a&TuJu tHhMopGmr,HkouFmpGm olYwifyg;ukd ol jyefiHkYMunhfonf/ teHYu eHvdkufonfhjzpfjcif;/
]][m...rkd;pk d; r[kwfbl;aemf.../ uRefawmf r[kwfbl;/uRefawmhftaMumif;ukd uRefawmf odaew,f/ uRefawmf r[kwf...}}
rdk;pkd;vnf; bmjyefajym&rSef; rodcsdefrSmyif tm;&yg;&&,farmum xGufvmMuaom acrmESihfomomhudk awGUvkduf&awmhrSrkd;pkd; em;vnfvkdufonf/
'DESpfa,muf &ufaygif;rsm;pGm pp&m &Smaeaom olwkdYupm;p&mypönf;uav;ukd atmifjrifpGm toHk;csEkdifvkdufNyD jzpfavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 153
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xkdaeYNyD; aemuf&ufrsm;wGif a&TuJtwGuf taqmifwGifwpfOD;wnf; xD;wnf; usefcJhonfuvGJí usefwmtm;vHk; aysmf&Tifp&mrsm;om jzpfcJhygonf/
jyóemwufí rkd;pkd;u cGihfvTifhNyD;uwnf;u olYukd t&ifuxuf ykd*½kpdkufonf? OD;pm;ay;onf? ykdMuifemrI &Sdvmonf/wpfywfrSm oHk;&ufavmuf rkd;pkd;u olYtwGufyg xrif;[if; ykdxnhfvmwwfojzihf twlwl xrif;pm;&onf/ NyD;awmh taqmifrSm naepm pm;zkd YtwGuf ig;ydaumifaMumf? ykpGefajcmufaMumf?csOfaygifaMumf paom wm&Snftxm;cHonhftaMumfawGukd ay;wwfao;onf/ a&TuJu r,lcsifí jiif;vQif pdwfqkd; pdwfaumufwwfao;\/
rdef;uav;wpfa,muf pdwfaumufjcif;onf wpfBudrfpdwfaumufvkdufwkdif; oHrPduJhodkY rmaMumvSygonfqdkaom r[myk&dówkdY\ todpdwfukd wpfcsufqGJEIwfoGm;um cHpm;rIukd BudK;ESihfwpf&pfwif; csnfaESmifwwfrSef; a&TuJ ododvmonf/
rdef;uav;wkdYrnfonf olwkdYapwemudkvnf; pdwfaumufjcif;ESihf jywwfonf/ olwkdYtvdkqE´udkvnf; pdwfaumufjcif;ESihfjywwfonf/ olwkdY tEkdif&csifpdwfukdvnf; pdwfaumufjcif;jzihfjywwfMuonf/ olwkdY vQKdU0Sufcsufudkvnf; pdwfaumufjcif;ESihfjywwfMuonf/ olwkdY u½kPmukdvnf; pdwfaumufjcif;jzihf jywwf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
154 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
Muonf/ pdwfaumufjcif;onf rdef;uav;wkdY\ rm,mA[kdXmecsKyfyif jzpfonf[k a&TuJ xifonf/
rkd;pkd; pdwfaumufwkdif;vnf; a&TuJrSm tavQmhay;&wmcsnf;yJ jzpfonf/ acrmESihfomomu pvnf; a&TuJrSm em;vnfay;&wmcsnf;yJjzpfonf/ tavQmhray;? em;vnfray;vkdYvnf; rjzpf/ a&TuJukd,fwkdifukdu rkd;pkd;wkdYtzGJUESihf MumMumcGJraeEkdifawmhbl; r[kwfvm;/
trSefwu,fawmh rdk;pkd;wkdYESihf a&TuJ tckvkd ajyvnfoGm;atmif vkyfay;onhftxJrSm t"du vlu rkd;ausmfwdkYtkyfpkqkdwmukd a&TuJ em;vnfygonf/ a&TuJudk,fwkdifvnf; rkd;ausmfwkdY?wifatmifrif;odrf;wdkYudk awGUvQif awmif;yef&ef? olYtaqmifodkYjyefvmae&ef ajymcsifygonf/ odkYaomf cufonfu ausmif;xJwGif&,faom? aysmf&Tifaeaom a&TuJwkdYukd awGUvQif 'DaumifawGua&SmifoGm;wwfonf/
aemufwpfckcufwmu rkd;ausmfESihfwifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYuomomESihfacrmhukd vkdufpum;ajymum pmay;Muaomudpöyif jzpfonf/ omomESihfacrmu 'DaumifawGukd vHk;0rMunf/ MunhfvkdYr&Mu/ a&TuJudkvnf; olwdkYa&SUrSm 'DaumifawGeJY pum;rajym&bl;...[k wm;jrpfxm;wm &Sdonf/
xkdtcsufrsm;aMumihf a&TuJESihf 'DaumifawG wpfausmif;wnf;wufNyD rqHkEkdifavmufatmif a0;ae&jcif;jzpfonf/ odkYaomf...wpfaeYawmh a&TuJ oGm;awmif;yefrnf[lonfh pdwful;ukd &ifxJtNrJwrf; xnhfxm;ygonf/
rkd;pkd;udpöESihfywfoufNyD; wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYESihf jyóemwufMuaom udpöukd a&TuJ rajymbJ xdefcsefxm;wmawmh r[kwf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 155
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
[kdbufu rajym&ef wm;jrpfxm;jcif;omjzpfonf/'DaeYawmh a&TuJ taqmifu xGufuwnf;u qHk;jzwfcsuf
ukd csonf/ rkd;pkd;wdkYESihfrqHkrD wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYukd vkduf&SmumolYtrSm;ukd ol awmif;yefrnf/ taqmifrSm twlwl jyefae&atmifac:rnfqdkaom pdwfjzihf 'DaumifawGxkdifwwfaom ae&mawGukdavQmuf&Smonf/
'DaumifawG xkdifaeus uJifwif;rSmyif vSrf;awGUvkduf&awmha&TuJ awmfawmfaysmfoGm;onf/ odkYaomf...'DaumifawGuawmha&TuJukd awGUonfESifh rjrifcsifa,mifaqmifum aeMu\/ at;av'Davmufawmh &SdrSmaygh/ ukd,fu acsmh&r,hfol r[kwfvm;/ a&TuJtem;ukd a&mufonhftxd olwdkYukd wpfa,mufrS armhrMunhf?tzufrvkyfMu/
]]a[hvlawG.../ cifAsm;wkdYudk usKyf awmif;yefzkdY vmwmygAs}}
a&TuJpum;ukd b,folrS rwkefYjyefMu/ 'DaumifawG pdwfqkd;aewm aocsmNyD/
]]wu,fajymwmygAsm.../ 'DaeYwpfreufvHk; usKyf vkduf&Smaewm}}
]]rif;eJY igwkdYMum;rSm bmawmif;yefp&m &SdvkdYvJ}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u olYqHyif *kwf0Juav;ukd cgum
wrifvkyfxm;aom tkdufwifESihf cyfwnfwnf ar;onf/]]udpötm;vHk;ygyJAsm.../ rkd;pkd;eJY usKyf jyefajyvnfoGm;atmif
cifAsm;wkdY vkyfay;w,fqkdwmukd usKyf odygNyD/ taqmifrSm jzpfcJhMuwJhudpöukd pdwfrqkd;ygeJYawmh? taqmifukd jyefvmMuygAsm.../ uRefawmf&Sdckd;qkd &Sdckd;ygw,f}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
156 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJpum;qHk;awmh bkduav;om; rkd;ausmfu xHk;pHtwkdif;uGrf;wHaxG;ukd xGDceJ axG;NyD;rS acgif;udk armhum w[m;[m;&,fonf/
]]rif;u bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;yJuG/ &Sdckd;wm bmqef;vJ/vkyfraeeJY udk,hfvl/ udk,fwdkYu tJ'DudpöawGukd arhypfvkdufNyD/oGm;awmh...}}
rkd;ausmf&JUpum;u a&TuJ&ifukd wkduf½kdufxdonf/ &ifxJrSma&m? ESvHk;om;xJrSmyg emoGm;aomfvnf; a&TuJ todukd &atmifxdef;ygonf/ pdwfqkd;aewJhvl? aus;Zl;vnf; &SdwJhvlqkdwm ajymcsifwmajymcGihf&Sdonf r[kwfvm;/ NyD;awmh rkd;ausmfu acrmESihfomomwkdYudpörSm oluyg 0ifzsufxm;onf[k xifaeMuyHkvnf;&Sdonf/
]][kwfygw,f.../ usKyfu bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;yg/ bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;rkdY vlwpfa,mufudk &Sdckd;&wm b,favmufxd cufw,fqkdwmukd ykdodygw,f/ 'gayr,hf...usKyfu trSm;&SdvkdYrkdY cifAsm;wkdYukd&Sdckd;qkdvnf; &Sdckd;Ekdifw,fvkdY ajymwmyg}}
]]a[haumif...rvkdbl;uGm/ rif;taMumif; rif; od&ifNyD;wmyJ}}
]]r[kwfbl; rdk;ausmf/ usKyfu omomeJYacrmhudpörSm bmrS0ifygwm r[kwfbl;/ 'Drdef;uav;oHk;a,mufudk cifAsm;wkdYaMumihfusKyf jyefcifcGihf&wmygAsm.../ olwkdYoHk;a,mufpvHk; b,folYukdBudKufBudKuf usKyfrSm wm;cGihfvnf; r&Sdygbl;/ jiif;cGifhvnf; r&Sdygbl;/cifAsm;wdkY rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufvnf; usKyf bmrS ajymcGihfr&Sdbl;/ olYwdkYqE´t& olwkdY jiif;Muwmukd ,HkygAsm...}}
a&TuJ pum;qHk;awmh wifatmifrif;odrf;u wtHhwMo
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 157
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
Munhfonf/ NyD;awmh cPpOf;pm;onf/]]a[haumif a&TuJ/ 0if;Ekdifu rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufw,fqkd&if
rif; b,fvkdoabm&rvJ}}]]b,fvkdrS oabmr&ygbl;/ [kdbufu jyefrBudKufwm
vnf; usKyf bmrSrwwfEkdifbl;/ usKyfu cifAsm;wdkYvkd pum;rwwfawmh bmawGnmawGawmh tqifajyatmif ajymrjywwfbl;ayghAsm}}
]]at;.../ 'gqkd...ig rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufw,fuGm/ rif; bmulnDEkdifrvJ/ rif; b,fvkdcHpm;&ovJ}}
]][...usKyfu bmvkdYcHpm;&rSmvJ/ BudKufcsif BudKufaygh.../usKyf tckvmwm cifAsm;wkdYukd vmawmif;yefwm/ 'gyJ.../ usefwmcifAsm;wkdYudpöyJ}}
]]at;...'gqkd ig rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufw,fuGm}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
158 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xkdpOfrSmyif a&TuJvufarmif;udk ½kwfw&uf qGJ,lvkdufojzihfa&TuJ ,kdifumoGm;\/ vSnhfMunhfvkdufawmh rdk;pkd;? omomESihf acrm.../
]]&SifwkdY odyfrkduf½kdif;vGef;aeNyD/ vm...a&TuJ/ vlvkdem;rvnfwJholawGeJY bmjzpfvkdY pum;ajymae&wmvJ/ ajymp&m rvkdbl;/vm...}}
vQyfwpfysuftcsdefuav;rSmyif rkd;pkd;ESihf acrmu a&TuJukdqGJum xGufoGm;Muon/ a&TuJ bmrS jyefajymcsdefr&vkduf/ tawmfa0;a0;ukd a&mufrS rkd;pkd;u a&TuJvufarmif;ukd vTwfum vHk;0vSnhfrMunhfbJ a&SUrS xGufoGm;onf/ omomu a&TuJ vufarmif;udk qGJqdwf&if; tHBudwfoHjzihf ajymonf/
]]&Sifuvnf; &SifyJ/ 'Davmuf ukd,hfvlawGukd apmfum;aewmukd bmjzpfvdkY onf;cHae&wmvJ}}
]]olu bk&m;jzpfr,hf bdvyfajrav...omom&JU/ [kwfw,f/ rajymcsifbl;/ [kdrSm rkd;pkd; t&rf;pdwfqkd;oGm;NyD/ &atmifacsmhayawmh/ oGm;...}}
]]r[kwfygbl; acrm&m.../ olwkdYu acrmwkdY jyefrBudKufwmukd uRefawmfhaMumihfvdkY xifaeMuwm/ tJ'gukd &Sif;&if;...}}
]]uJ...awmfNyD/ &SifvkyfyHku rkd;pkd;wif r[kwfbl;? uRefrwkdYyga'guefw,fqkdwm rSwfxm;/ oGm;...[kdrSm oGm;awmh}}
rdk;pkd;u uefa&pyfu cHkwef;av;rSm wpfa,mufwnf;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 159
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
0ifxkdifwmukd a&TuJ awGU&onf/ a,mifawmifaygifawmifESihftem;avQmufoGm;NyD;rS tjypf&SdolwdkY xHk;pHtwkdif; rkd;pkd;cHkwGif 0ifrxkdif&Jojzihf acgif;ukwf? vHkcsnfjyef0wfESihf.../ aemufvSnhfMunhfawmhomomwdkY\ rsufpypfum ar;qwfNyD; toHwdwf oGm;vdkufqkdrSr&Jw&J 0if&onf/
]]pdwfrqkd;ygeJY rkd;pkd;&m.../ 'DaumifawGu uRefawmhfoli,fcsif;awGyg/ olwdkYeJ Y uRefawmfMum;rSm oabmxm;uGJaewmukd&Sif;&if;...}}
]]awmfNyD a&TuJ/ ukd,hfukda&m rkd;pkd;udkyg 'Davmufapmfum;aewmukd bmrS onf;cHNyD; qufajymaep&m rvdkbl;}}
'Davmufrmxefaom avoHrsKd;ukd rkd;pkd;xHrS a&TuJ wpfcgrSrMum;cJhbl;&/ a&TuJ&ifxJrSm MunfEl;umoGm;onf/ rkd;pkd;onfolYukdxdvQif tawmfemwwfonhf rdef;uav;ygvm;/
xkdcHpm;csufuav;onf omrmefvltwGuf bmrQ r[kwfaomfvnf; aqGr&Sd? rsKd;rJh? rdbESpfyg;pvHk; qHk;yg;cJhNyDjzpfaoma&TuJtwGufawmh zl*sDawmifBuD;ukd &ifxJrSm rsKdxm;vkduf&ovdkukdat;jroGm;onf/
rkd;pk d;ukd Munhfawmh ezl;rS usvmaom oG,fvQonhfESmwHuav;eHab;rS ESmoD;uav;awG usKHUvkduf yGvkdufjzpfumaeonf/ rdkpkd;&,f.../ a&TuJqkdwJh 'DaumiftwGuf tJ'Davmufpdwfqkd;raeygeJY/ rkd;pkd;u apwemeJY uRefawmhftwGuf qkd;ay;aewJhpdwfawGukd uRefawmf wpfckjcif; jrifae&w,f/ NyD;awmh...tJ'DpdwfawGtay:rSm uRefawmhf&JU om,mMunfEl;rIu wjznf;jznf;xkxnftm;aumif;vmw,f/ tJ'D om,mMunfEl;rI xkxnfBuD;ydvm&if uRefawmf bmvkyf&rSmvJ.../
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
160 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]pdwf...pdwfrqkd;ygeJY rkd;pkd;&,f.../ 'DaumifawGu uRefawmhfoli,fcsif;awGqkdawmh...}}
]]omomeJY acrma&m a&TuJoli,fcsif;awGyJ r[kwfvm;}}a&TuJ zsyfceJvSnh fMunhfNyD; a'goeJ Y qwfceJajymum
jyefvSnhfoGm;ojzihf rdk;pkd;rsufESmukd a&TuJ aumif;aumif;rjrifvkduf&/]][kwfygw,f.../ 'gayr,hf...}}]]bmrS 'gayrJh raeeJY/ 'DrSm...'Dausmif;wpfausmif;vHk;rSm&SdwJh
a,musfm;awGu rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufygw,f? cspfygw,f...qkd&ifvnf;&Sif...tJ'DvkdyJ oabmwlaerSmvm;}}
rkd;pkd;\toHu 0rf;enf;oHpGwfvmojzihf a&TuJ tvkdvkdrkd;pkd;eHab;ukd 0ifxkdifrd&ufom; jzpfoGm;aomfvnf; ½kwfw&ufbmajym&rSef; rod/ 'Dpum;wpfcGef; xyfrSm;vQif rdk;pkd; olYukdESpf&ufavmuf pdwfaumufawmhrnfqkdwmudk a&TuJ odonf/ol 'Dvkd tjzpfrcHEkdifyg/ trSefqHk;pum;ukd ol b,fvkd a&G;&rvJ/ol...bm...pum;...ajym...&...rvJ/
]]'g...'gawmh rkd;pkd;&,f.../ vGwfvyfqJ rdef;uav;wpfa,mufukd vGwfvyfwJh a,musfm;av;awGu BudKufwm...uRefawmf bmoGm;ajym&rSmvJ.../ NyD;awmh...[kdav...rdk;pkd;uvnf;odyf...vSwmukd;/ r[kwfbl;vm;...}}
]]aMomf.../ &Sifu a0óEÅ&mZmwfukd awmfawmfoabmusw,faygh.../ [kwfvm;}}
a&TuJ xdyfceJ 0rf;omoGm;\/]][m...[kwfw,f/ uRefawmf a0óEÅ&mZmwfukd t&rf;
oabmuswm.../ rkd;pkd; b,fvdkvkyf odovJ/ [kwfw,f.../a0óEÅ&mrif;u bk&m;avmif;&JU yg&rDjznhfwJhae&mrSm aemufqHk;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 161
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
b0.../ a0óEÅ&mrif;u olYrSm&SdorQeJY olYrSm &orQukd tm;vHk;vSLcsifwmav.../ trav;.../ vSLw,fqkdwmuvnf; wpfa,mufwnf;eJY NyD;wmr[kwfbl;cifAs/ tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfuvnf; &Sd&r,f...?vSL&r,hf ypönf;uvnf; &Sd&r,f/ tJ'Dypönf;ukd vSLzkdY&m MunfjzLoluvnf;...}}
]]uJ...a&TuJ&,f awmfygawmh/ rkd;pkd; om"kac:&rvm;?pdwfqkd;&rSmvm;}}
]]om"kyJ ac:aygh rkd;pkd;&JU.../ om"kqkdwm ukodkvfw&m;yJ}}]]uJ...'gqkd&ifvnf; om"k...om"k...om"kygawmf}}]][if...rkd;pkd;u bmukd om"kwmvJ...}}]]&Sif vSLcsifwmvSL om"kyJ.../ auseyfNyDvm;}}pum;oHu cPwdwfumoGm;onf/ a&TuJ cdk;Munhfawmh
rkd;pkd;ESmoD;uav;u ryGawmh/ pum;oHu jywfaomfvnf; avoHu ckewkef;uavmuf rrmawmh/ avjynfn§if;uav; wkd;0ifvmojzihf rkd;pkd; qHpuav;awG vGihfajrmufwufum oGm;onfukdawGU&\/
]]tif;...om"kqkd&ifawmh rauseyfp&mtaMumif; r&Sdbl;/rif;vlqkd&ifawmh wpfrsKd;aygh/ [J...[J...aemufwmaemf/ aMomf...'geJY ajym&OD;r,f.../ obufcg q&mawmf taqmifukd <ur,fwJh/tJ'g qGrf;uyf&if; rkd;pkd;wdkYvnf; zl;&atmif taqmifukd vmMuygvm;.../ uRefawmfwpfa,mufwnf;qkd EkdifrSm r[kwfbl;/ qkdifu[if;yJ uyf&rSm...}}
rkd;pkd; ckeu qkd;aeaompdwfawG b,fa&mufoGm;rSef; rodawmh/ a0óEÅ&ma&m...om"ka&m...rif;vla&m ½IwfukefNyD jzpfonf/tck...q&mawmfu 0ifvmao;\/ rkd;pkd; pdwfukd avQmhvkdufygonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
162 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'Dvkd ½kd;om;wJhvlwpfa,mufukd cspf&wm wefzkd;wpfckawmh &ygonf/odkYaomf...pdwf t&rf;yifyef;&onf/
]]reufjzefqkd...pae/ ausmif;ydwfwmyJ.../ 'Dvkdvkyfav...a&TuJ&JU/ q&mawmfukd rkd;pkd;wkdYtdrfukd yifhvkdufygvm;/ tdrfrSmyJqGrf;uyfwmaygh}}
]][m...jzpfyghrvm;/ rkd;pkd;araru...}}]]araru &ygw,f.../ oHCmuvnf; wpfyg;wnf;yJ[m/
'Dnae ajymxm;&if pDpOf& tcsdefrDygw,f/ a&TuJtaqmifrSmubmrS &SdwmrS r[kwfwm.../ bmjzpfvkdYvJ...}}
]][m...bmrSrjzpfygbl;/ rjzpfbl;/ rdk;pkd;ukd tm;emvdkY.../'DtpDtpOfxuf aumif;wJhtpDtpOf bm&SdOD;rSmvJ}}
'DvkdESihf rkd;pkd;rSm pddwfaumufjcif;wpfck qHk;½IH;um tdrfuarartvkyf½IyfawmhrnfjzpfNyD; om"kwpfckom tzwfwif usef&pfcJhavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 163
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uë euë euë euë euë e
a&TuJ OD;oHk;BudrfcsNyD;onfhtxd q&mawmfu qdwfqdwfomaeojzihf a&TuJ&ifxJrSm bmudkrSef;rod aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYovdkjzpfaeonf/ rdk;pkd;wkdYukd tvG,fwul uwday;cJhrdwm rSm;NyD[kolYukd,fol aemifw&aerdonf/ [kdbufuvnf; zsufír&awmh/'DaeY ausmif;tjyef reufjzeftvSLtwGuf rkd;pkd;ukd ulzkdY omomESihfacrmwkdY ntdyfvkdufoGm;MuNyDjzpfonf/ q&mawmhfukd ravQmufírjzpfawmh/
]]q&mawmfbk&m;.../ reufjzefqGrf;udpö vmaxmufwmygbk&mh}}
acgif;iHk Yum avQmufNyD;onhftxd q&mawmfbk&m;xHrSrnfonhfpum;udkrS rMum;&/ tomacgif;armhum ckd;MunhfawmhrsufvTmcsvsuf&Sdaom q&mawmfbk&m;ukdom awGU&onf/ qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzihf yifhqGrf;axmufukd vufcHyHk &avonf/ a&TuJenf;enf;&Jumvm\/
]]'gayr,hf bk&m;...}}'DawmhrS q&mawmfu rsufvTmukd yifhonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
164 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]][kd...bk&mh.../ qGrf;...qGrf;...tJ'g...qGrf;uyfr,hftdrfuwynhfawmftaqmifrSm r[kwfawmhbl; bk&mh}}
pdwfvIyf&Sm;aeojzihf a&TuJ toHk;tEIef;awG rSm;um toHawG bmawG wkefcsifaeonf/
q&mawmfu bmwpfcGef;rQ tckxd rrdefYao;ojzihf ykdtae&usyfvmovkd cHpm;&onf/
]][kd...'Dvkdbk&mh}}EIwfuxGufNyD;oGm;rS a&TuJ toHk;tEIef;awG rSm;rSef;odonf/
]'Dvdkbk&mh}wkdY? ][kd}wdkY qkdaom pum;toHk;tEIef;jzifh q&mawmfhukda&TuJ wpfcgrS ravQmufcJhbl;yg/
]][m...ͱ®®§ bk&mh...ͱ®®§ .../ [m...'ku©ygyJ/ ͱ®®§vnf; r[kwfbl;bk&mh/ onf;cHawmfrlygbk&m;...onf;cHyg}}
vuftkyfcsDum &Sdckd;&if; a&TuJ awmfawmfwkefvIyfoGm;onf/oGm;NyD.../ &GmOD;ausmif;rSmqkd&ifawmh q&mawmhfBudrfvHk;u bkef;ceJausmay:usrSm aocsmonf/
]]uJ...uJ...avQmufp&m&SdwmukdavQmuf 'umBuD;}}q&mawmf\ wnfNidrfat;aq;aom toHukd Mum;&awmhrS
a&TuJ cyfokwfokwfavQmuf&onf/]]ukdif;...aumif;NyD 'umBuD;/ OD;yÍÆif; <ucJhygr,f/ uJ...
w&m;rSwfcsdef a&mufawmhr,f/ jyefawmh 'umBuD;}}]]reufjzef 10 em&DrSm wynhfawmfwdkY um;eJY vmyihfygr,f
bk&m;}}q&mawmfu bmrSrajym/ ouFef;ukd aooyfatmifom
jyif½HkaeonfrdkY a&TuJ OD;oHk;Budrfcsum jyefvmcJh&onf/q&mawmhfxHrStjyef &ifxJrSm wpfckckvdkaeovkd a&TuJ
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 165
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
cHpm;ae&onf/ q&mawmfESihf awGUcJh&aomfvnf; olY&ifxJrSm tm;&yg;&r&Sd/ aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;awmhrS q&mawmf t&ifwkef;uvkdolYukdrqlawmh? rylawmhwmukd owdxm;rdonf/ NyD;awmh...q&mawmhfrsufESmonf yuwdat;csrf;umaeonf/ olavQmuforQukdqdwfqdwfaejcif;jzihfom vufcHonf/ ol pdwfvIyf&Sm;um trlt,mysufaeonfukdvnf; rar;/ pum;tajymtqkd rSm;aeonfukdvnf;rql/ ]]uJ...uJ...avQmufp&m&SdwmukdavQmuf 'umBuD;}} [k cGihfjyKcJhonf/
a&TuJ wkefvIyfxdwfvefYpGm qwfceJ vrf;avQmufae&mrS&yfrdoGm;onf/ rsufvHk;jyL;um yg;pyfvnf; [um oGm;&avmufatmif tHhMooGm;onf/ [kwfw,f...'umBuD;/ 'umBuD;vdkY q&mawmfu ighukd ac:w,f/
olESifhtwl t&SdefESihfavQmufvmMuolrsm; olYukd ausmfwufoGm;Muonf/ a&TuJ vrf;v,facgifrSm bmvkyf&rSef;rodbJ rwfwyfBuD; &yfaerdonf/ olYwpfukd,fvHk; [mvm[if;vif;BuD;jzpfvsuf&Sdonf/
]'umBuD;.../ [kwfw,f 'umBuD;.../ q&mawmfu ighukd'umBuD;vkdY aoaocsmcsmudk ac:w,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ...}
vlrSef;odwwfpt&G,fuwnf;u q&mawmfbk&m;\ ]][Jha&TuJ}} qkdaom tmvkyfoHBuD;ESihf &if;ESD;cJh&aom a&TuJtwGuf'umBuD;qkdaom toHk;tEIef;onf olpdrf;qefvGef;aeonf/ Oayu©mjyKvGef;aeonf/ ,HkMunhfcspfcifjcif; uif;vGefaeonf/
]ig rkd;pkd;wkdYeJYcifaewm? twloGm;vmaewmukdrsm; q&mawmfbk&m; odoGm;NyDvm;}
vlqkdonfrSm tajymif;tvJESihf awGUonhftcg rdrdtrSm;ukd
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
166 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
om yxrxm; pOf;pm;NrJjzpfonf/ xkdYaemuf jzpfEkdifacs&Sdr&SdukdqufawG;wwf\/
]]wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYrsm; q&mawmhfukd oGm;avQmufMuovm;.../
rjzpfEkdifbl;.../ 'DaumifawG q&mawmfbk&m;ausmif;ukdrodbl;/
taqmifukd <u&if;ursm; igeJY rkd;pkd;wkdYukd awGUoGm;wmvm;...}}
a&TuJ vloGm;vrf;tv,frSm &yfum wpfa,mufwnf;ESpfa,mufcGJum pum;ajymaeonf/ vlwcsKdUu olYukd txl;tqef;MunhfoGm;Mu\/
]]vHk;0 rjzpfEkdifbl;/ q&mawmfu ighqD<ur,fqkd&if BudKNyD;today;wmyJ/ reufjzef<ur,hfudpöawmif wpfywfBudKNyD; today;xm;wmyJ/ 'gayr,hf q&mawmfhyHkpHu pdwfqkd;aeyHkyJ/ ighukd pum;tykdwpfcGef;rS rrdefYbl;/ NyD;awmh...'umBuD;wJh/
pdwfqkd;vkdY qlcsif&ifvnf; ausmif;rSm ighudk qlrSmaygh/'Dxuf vGwfvyfwJhae&m &SdOD;rvm;/ tckawmh...ighukd wpfcGef;rSqlwmr&Sdbl;/ 'gayr,hf t&ifwkef;uvkdvnf; r[kwfbl;/ 'umBuD;...wJh}}
q&mawmf\ tajymif;tvJukd auseyfp&maumif;avmufaom tajzr&av &ifxJrSm pkd;&drfaMumuf&GHUpdwfu BuD;vmavavjzpfvmonf/ pdwfxJu trnfazmfr&aom aMumuf&GHUrI\EIef;tm;aMumihf a&TuJ t"dyÜm,frJh olYeHab;u ausmfwufoGm;olrsm;udkvkdufai;aerdonf/
]][dwf...a&TuJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 167
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
q&mawmfx H v Ti f haeaom 0 dnmOftawG;p dw fonf½kwfw&uf ac:oHaMumihf todw&m;xH *Rrf;jyefjyKwfusoGm;ojzihfa&TuJ vefYum wkefoGm;onf/
oHk;a,mufpvHk; &ifabmifwef;&yfum olYukdMunhf&if; &,faeMuonfh omom? acrmESihf rkd;pkd;/ a&TuJ &ifwkefum aMumifai;Munhfaerd\/
]]wpfa,mufwnf; bm&yfvkyfaewmvJ}}]][kd...r[kwfbl;/ um;...b,fum;pD;&&if aumif;rvJvdkY/
tJ'g...rkd;pkd;wkdYa&m b,fu jyefvmwmvJ}}]]jzpf&av...a&TuJuvnf;/ um;u 'DrSwfwkdifuyJ pD;&rSm
av.../ 'Dwpfvkdif;yJ &SdwJh[mukd.../ a&mh}}rkd;pkd;u vufxJrSmqGJvmaom tdwfrsm;ukd vSrf;umay;
ojzihf a&TuJ ,lvkduf&onf/ tdwfawGukd ,lNyD;oGm;onfhtxdrkd;pkd;u olESihf eD;uyfae&mrS cGmroGm;bJ rsufESmay:u acR;pufuav;awGukd vufukdifyk0gESihf tomzdwfuyfumwkdYonf/ ai;Munhfaerdaoma&TuJrsuf0ef;awGukd rkd;pkd;oGm;aomfvnf; &SufaoG;jzef;um pdwfqkd;wm r&Sd/ EIwfcrf;uav;ukd qGJum tomyif NyHK;umjyonf/bmrS vdrf;cs,frxm;aom rkd;pkd;rsufESmu tckrS cGmcsvkdufonhfiSufaysmftlwkdiftwGif;om;vdk 0if;rGwfumaeonf/
a&TuJ &Suf&SufESihf rsufESmvTJvkdufonf/ ol &ifckefaeonf/&ifwkefaeonf/ ckeuvdk todw&m;ay; *Rrf;jyefjyKwfusojzihfwkefaeaom&ifrsKd;awmh r[kwf/ tod&m;tay:rSm owdBuD;BuD; zufwG,f&if; jyKwfrusap&ef tonf;wat;at;ESihf &ifckefae&jcif;omjzpfonf/
odkYaomf xkd&ifckefoHay: MumMumrvkduf&Jawmhojzihf rkd;pkd;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
168 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ay;xm;aom vufxJu tdwfawGukd ajr§mufum Munhfrdonf/]]reuf tcsKdyGJtwGufav a&TuJ&JU...}}]][m...rsm;vScsnfvm;/ q&mawmfu wpfyg;wnf;[m
ukd}}]]aMomf...bk&m;yGJtwGufvnf; ygao;w,fav udk,fawmf
&JU}}]]a[ha[h/ reufapmapmxNyD; csuf&jyKwf&r,hf ukd,fwkdY
twGufvnf; usefao;w,fav...zkd;olawmf&JU}}omomhtoHaMumihf vSnhfumMunhfawmh ESpfa,mufpvHk;
olESihfcyfa0;a0;rSm &yfaeMuonfukd awGU&onf/ xkdpOf a&TuJb,fbufvufarmif;ay:odkY El;nHhaEG;axG;aom vufuav;wpfzufa&mufumvmonf/
]]vdkif;um;awGu usyfygw,f a&TuJ&,f.../ uuyJ iSm;oGm;Mu&atmif.../ aemf}}
a&TuJwpfudk,fvHk; MuufoD;awG jzef;ceJxonf/ olYESvHk;onf uyÜd,BuD; OD;<uufeD tm;jzihfxkypfvkdufaom q&mawmfbk&m;\ aMu;pnfvdk csmvywfvnfum oGm;avonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 169
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xifxm;onfhtwkdif;yif xkdnu rkd;pkd; aumif;aumif;rtdyf&/ omomESihfacrmwkdY\ ]cspfoli,fcsif;} w&m;½Hk;wGif tppfaq;cHae&onf/ wpfcgwpf&H acrmu w&m;olBuD;? omomuqGJcs? wpfcgwpfav omomuw&m;olBuD;? acrmuqGJcs/ rkd;pkd;uawmh jypfrIBuD;usL;vGefol w&m;cHomjzpfonf/
]]tck reufqGrf;auR;yGJu vljyrdwfqufyGJ r[kwfvm;}}]]b,furvJ...acrm&JU/ wpfOD;wnf;aom ESpfzufvlBuD;
ESpfa,mufqHkwmqkdawmh em;azmufyGJtqihftxd &Sdw,f}}yxrawmh rk d;pk d; rMum;csifaqmifum aeao;onf/
odkYaomf w&m;cHacsycGifhr&aom ppfaq;rI\ qHk;jzwfcsufu rMumrDrkd;pkd; tdrfaxmifjyK&awmhrnhf jypf'Pfem;okdY a&mufvmaeojzihfrkd;pkd; 0if&awmhonf/
]]rif;wdkYawG;wmawG wpfckrS r[kwfbl;uGm.../ 'g...trSwfwrJhjzpfoGm;wJh udpöwpfckqkdwmxuf bmrSrykdbl;}}
omomu ckwifay:vSJtdyfae&mrS zswfceJxxdkifumvSypGmNyHK;onf/
]][kwfNyD.../ tJ'D trSwfwrJhqkdwm b,fvdkrsKd;vJ}}]]a&TuJu olYq&mawmfukd taqmifrSm qGrf;uyfr,fvdkY
ajymw,f/ tJ'gukd wkdYu tdrfrSmuyfygvm;vdkY ajymrdw,f/ 'gyJ...}}acrmu rJhum acgif;udk cgonf/ NyD;awmh...]]tJ'Dxuf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
170 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
av;eufwm wpfckckawmh &Sdukd...&Sd&OD;r,f/ rajymcsifvnf; &ygw,f...}} [kqkdonf/ rkd;pkd; aoaocsmcsmpOf;pm;onf/ tJ'DudpöajymMuwkef;u olYpdwfuav;ukd ol jyefjrifMunhfonf/
]]&SdOD;r,fqdk&ifawmh taqmifrSm qGrf;uyf&&if jynhfjynhfpHkpHkr&SdrSm pkd;&drfwmyJ.../ 'gvnf; trSwfwrJhygyJ}}
omomeJYacrm auseyfyHk odyfr&Sd/ rkd;pkd;vnf; 'Dxufr&Sif;wwf/
]]rkd;pkd;/ rif; trSwfwrJh? trSwfwrJheJYyJ cspfolwpfa,mufvnf; &NyD;NyDaemf/ tif;...tckvnf; trSwfwrJh? trSwfwrJheJYyJ...}}
omomu pum;ukd rqufawmhbJ acrmhukd qGJvSnhfumqHyifawGukd uspfqHNrD; uspfay;zkdY jyifonf/ omomhpum;aMumihfrkd;pkd;&ifxJ wpfpHkwpfckukd tvefYwMum;jzpfoGm;ovdk cHpm;vdkuf&onf/ [kwfonf.../ a&TuJESihfol trSwfwrJhqHkawGUum rxifrSwfbJ cspfolawG jzpfcJhMuonf/ ½kd;om;aom? tcGihfta&;wpfpHkwpf&mrQr,lwwfaom a&TuJukd ol jrwfEkd;cJh? wefzdk;xm;cJhrdygonf/
a&TuJukd acrmwkdYu wHk;vGef;onf[k rMumcPa0zefwwfMuonf/ oluawmh a&TuJukd wHk;onfqkdwmxuf b0ukd ½kd;½kd;yJjrifwwfol[k ykdxifonf/ a&TuJtwGuf avmuBuD;onf t&m&mcufcJvGef;ovdk jzpfaeonf/ 'Dawmh a&TuJu avmuBuD;\cufcJrIukd em;vnfatmif rBudK;pm;awmhbJ olYtjrifESihf oihfawmfatmifavmuBuD;ukd ½kd;&Sif;atmif ajymif;ypfvkdufonf/ xkdodkY a&TuJ\avmuBuD;tay: wHkYjyefrIukd ol BudwfNyD; jrwfEkd;av;pm;cJhwmukdol taotcsmodygonf/
ol a&TuJukd cspfcJhaom cHpm;rIwGif xkdtcsufonf t"dutusqHk;jzpfonf/ tck ol a&TuJvkdyif avmuBuD;ukd ½kd;½kd;uav;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 171
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
jrif&zkdY usKd;pm;cJhonf/ ol tBuD;rm;qHk; 0goemjzpfonhf 'DZdkif;?zuf&SifudpöawGtxd xkdtawG;u vTrf;rdk;cJhonf/ tckqkdvQif olonfqef;jym;vSonhf topfawGaemufukd vkdufaeonhf zuf&Sif'DZkdif;emwpfa,mufr[kwfawmh/ ½kd;½kd;uav;ESihfvSrnhf twGJtpyfyHkoP²mef?ta&miftaoG;awGukdom ykdpdwf0ifpm;aerdonf/ ½kd;om;jcif;xJrSmtvS&Sm&wm awmfawmfaysmfzkdYaumif;ygonf/
odkYaomf ½kd;om;aomcspfolwpfa,mufukd pdwfvufat;csrf;pGm cspfae½HkESihf aeY&uf b,favmuftxd ol jzwfoef;EkdifrSmvJ/ tckqkd ausmif;NyD;awmhrnf/ ausmif;NyD;vQif ausmif;rSm cspfoljzpfaeMuolawG\ oufwrf;onf xHk;pHtwkdif; aemufqHk;em;okdYa&mufumoGm;onf/ vlYb0BuD;xJukd wkd;Mu&awmhrnf/ odkYaomfwpfa,mufwnf;awmh r[kwf/ vufwGJazmfeJYtwl/
xkdtjrifESihfyif omomESihfacrmwkdYu a&TuJq&mawmfukdqGrf;uyfjcif;udpöonf tdrfaxmifa&;twGuf rkd;pkd; ajcvSrf;opfponf[k xifMuyHk ay:onf/ oluvnf; bmjzpfvdkY 'gukd xnhfrwGufbJ tvG,fwulpDpOfrdoenf;/ rkd;pkd; csufcsif;pdwf½IyfaxG;umoGm;onf/
cPMumawmh rdk;pkd;EIwfcrf;rSm tNyHK;&dyfuav;wpfck xifumvmonf/ 'Dudpöudk ol 'Davmuf pkd;&drfwBuD;jzpfaep&m rvkdyg/olESifha&TuJ ESpfOD;pvHk; trSwfwrJhpDpOfcJhjcif;omjzpfNyD; a&TuJuvnf;omomwdkY acrmwkdY awG;ovdk b,fawmhrS awG;vdrhfrnf r[kwfyg/rkd;pkd;&ifxJrSm auseyfumoGm;onf/ oufjyif;ukd zGzGuav; csrdavonf/ rsuf0ef;rsm;ukd rSdwfvkdufawmh ½kd;om;aom a&TuJ\ rsufESmu olYpdwfxJrSaeí olYukd NyHK;NyHK;BuD; Munfhaeavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
172 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]a&TuJ.../ tcsKdyGJ uyf&atmif}}rkd;pkd;u vufxJrSm o,fvmaom tcsKdyGJrsm;ukd vSrf;ay;&if;
wkd;wkd;ajymonf/ rdk;pkd;ararESihf omom? acrmwkdYu q&mawmfqGrf;yef;uefrsm;ukd odrf;aeMuojzihf rtm;Mu/ a&TuJ rkd;pkd;vufxJrStcsKdyGJawGukd pm;yGJay:cs&if; q&mawmfbk&m;ukd wpfcsuf ckd;umMunhfawmh...q&mawmfbk&m;onf rsufvTmukd csum wnfNidrfpGm&Sdaeonf/
tcsKdyGJawGpHkawmh rkd;pkd;u a&TuJycHk;ukd tomwkdufum...]]a&TuJ/ vm...uyf&atmifav}}]]uyf&atmif}}tHhMowkefvIyfpGmjzihf a&TuJ rkd;pkd;ukd ar;onf/ rkd;pkd;u
bmrSjyefrajymbJ rkefYyGJrsm;ukd oyf&yfatmifjyif&if;u acgif;ukdwpfcsufndwfumjyonf/ a&TuJudkawmh vSnhfrMunhf/
rjzpfEkdifyg/ rmwkumrawGukd a&SmifusOfzkdY wif;wif;usyfusyf qHk;ravh&Sdaom q&mawmfta&SUrSm a&TuJ 'DavmuftcGihfta&;r,l&Jyg/
]][kd...omomwkdYeJY uyfvkdufav}}]]tkd...[dkrSm tm;rS rtm;wJh[mukd.../ vm...uyf&atmif}}pm;yGJwpf0k dif;om jcm;aeojzihf olwdk YajymaewmawGukd
q&mawmf Mum;vdrhfrnf/ rkd;pdk;u pm;yGJcHkukd tomukdif\/ NyD;awmh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 173
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJukd vSrf;Munhfonf/ a&TuJrSm a&G;cs,fp&mtajctae r&Sd/tcsdefvnf; r&Sd/
pm;yGJtpGef;wpfzufqDrSm tom rukdifum q&mawmfukdtcsKdyG Juyfonhf w'*Fuav;rSm a&TuJtawG;onf t&Sdeft[kefBuD;pGmjzihf ta0;BuD;ukd vTihfxGufoGm;\/ 'Dvkdtwlwl q&mawmfukdwpfb0vHk;rsm; qGrf;uyf&vQif.../
xkdtawG;aMumihf todpdwfu pm;yGJukd r&ef xnhf&rnhftm;tay: pdppfEkdifjcif; r&SdawmhbJ a&TuJbufrS cHktpGef;u edrhfumc½kywfyHkpHxnhfxm;aom yef;oD;pdwfrsm; NydKusukefonf/
]][m...}}q&mawmfu pm;yGJcHkukd vufESihf tomxdum a&TuJukd
rsufvTm tomyif yihfumMunhfonf/ r½kd;om;onfhtawG;ESihfrzG,f&maomjzpf&yfaMumihf a&TuJ rTefxlum yef;oD;pdwfawGukdaumufum jyefxnhf&efjyifonf/
]]a&TuJ...&w,f...&w,f/ jyefrxnhfeJYawmh}}'kwd,tBudrf xyfrSm;jyefNyD/a&TuJ yef;oD;pdwfawGukd udkifum rsufESmi,fuav;jzihf
q&mawmfESihfrkd;pkd;ukd Munhfrdonf/ q&mawmfu a&TuJukd Munhfraeyg/ rkd;pkd;uawmh ]]owdxm;}} qkdonhf oabmrsKd;jzihf a&TuJukdESmacgif;½IHUum rJhjyonf/
tm;vHk;ukd vSrf;jrifvkdufaom omomESihfacrmwkdY rsuf0ef;csif;qHkum ycHk;rsm;ukd [efygyg wGefYrdMuavonf/
]]wynfhawmfvnf; w&m;eJY aecsifygNyDbk&m;/ 'gayr,hfaemufaMumif;rat;wJhtjzpfawGu &Sdaeao;awmh pdwfom&SdNyD;cE¨mu rygEkdifao;bl; bk&m;}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
174 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]oHa,mZOfqkdwm &pfywfaESmifwnf;wwfwJh obm0&Sdw,f/ olYtvdktm;jzihf rdrdukd jzwfzkdY oabmr&Sdbl;/ rdrduomowdtcH ynmÓPfeJY jzwf&aom oabm&Sdw,f 'umrBuD;.../rdrdukd,frdrd zkef;uG,fjcif;vnf; jzpfw,f/ avmuD&JU vdktyfcsuf[mNyD;jynhfpHkwJh tcsdefoabm b,fawmhrS r&Sdwwfygbl;/ avmuD&JUjzpfjcif;ysufjcif;tay:rSm twå&JU tmomqE´[m b,fawmhrSauseyfa&mihf&JrI r&Sdwwfygbl;}}
]]rSefvSyg...q&mawmfbk&m;}}]]rdrdu jzwftyfaomw&m;ukd rdrdukd,fwkdifomvQif pGrf;
aqmifEkdifygw,f}}]]orD;uav;b0 pdwfcs&vQifawmh wynfhawmf pdwfat;&
ygNyD...bk&m;}}]]rD;wkdYrnfonf avmifpm&SdaeorQ avmifuRrf;jcif;udpöukd
&yfwefYjcif;r&Sdbl; 'umrBuD;/ orD;NyD;awmh ajr;? ajr;NyD;awmhtif;...avmifp&m? avmifp&mawG rsm;vSw,f}}
wnfNidrfat;csrf;aom q&mawmftodonf tm;vHk;tay:ukd vTrf;NcHKumxm;onf/ a&TuJtxifawmh q&mawmf\w&m;onf&GmrSmwkef;uvdk Zmwfedygwfukd tajccHaom w&m;rsKd; r[kwfawmh/rkd;pkd;rdcifESihf zdwfxm;aom y&dwfowfav;ig;OD;wkdYuvnf; q&mawmfbk&m; w&m;ukd ESpfoufMuyHk&onhftwGuf a&TuJ 0rf;om&rdonf/
]]orD;uav;b0 pdwfcs&vQifawmh...}}qkdonhfpum;aMumihf acrmu rkd;pkd;ukd wHawmifESihf rodromwGwfonf/
q&mawmfu ukd,f½Hkukd aooyfatmif jyifum jyef<u&efxonf/ q&mawmftwGuf vSLvkdufaom qGrf;csK difhudk a&TuJ
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 175
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
udkif&\/q&mawmfonf jyef<uaomvrf;wpfavQmufvHk; a&TuJukd
bmwpfcGef;rQ rrdefY/ ausmif;a&mufawmh qGrf;csKdih fukd vSnhfyifrMunhfonhftwGuf a&TuJ tvkdufwod ,lum q&mawmhftcef;xJvkduf&onf/
]]'umBuD;}}]]wifygh...bk&m;}}xkd...]'umBuD;}qkdaom toHk;tEIef;ukd q&mawmhfxH a&TuJ
avQmufp&m &Sdaeygonf/]]udavomESihf,SOfwJh omrefykxkZOfrSeforQrSm rmef? rme?
pdwftpGJqkdwm &SdpNrJyJ/ tJ'D pdwftpGJaMumihf udk,fawmf rmwkumrawGtay: oabmxm; ao;cJhw,f/ at;...'gayr,hf 'Dpdwf[mrrSefbl;/ twåukd tajccHwJh? tajctjrpfuif;wJh? rmewpfckyJ'umBuD;/ bk&m;? w&m;? oHCmtwGuf ukokdvfpdwfeJY,SOfaomrmwkumrqkdwm vkdpNrJyJ/ aecsnf;yJeJY urÇmrjzpfbl;/ urÇmwnfvkdYr&bl;/ ae? v ESpfyg;pvHk;rS urÇma&m? omoema&m wnfvkdY&w,f/at;...at;/ tJ'Dtod[m awmausmif;uav;uae 'DrSm vmynmoif&wJh tusKd;yJ 'umBuD;.../ ynm[m tvif;a&mifukd ay;w,f/twåudk yg;apw,f/ tJ'Dynmtvif;a&mifeJY ukd,hftwåukd jyefMunhf&r,f/ twåudk t&iftwkdif;jrif&wJh ynmÓPfomvQif ppfrSefw,f/'Dawmh...ynmukd wefzkd;xm; BudK;pm;&Smyg/ usefwmawG bmrSta&;rBuD;vSbl;}}
]]rSefvSygbk&m;.../ q&mawmfbk&m;u wynhfawmfukd'umBuD;...'umBuD;vdkY rdefYaewm wynhfawmf em;rvnfbl;...bk&m;/ wynhfawmfukd q&mawmfbk&m; tvdkrus&Sd&if onf;cHNyD;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
176 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
qHk;ryg bk&m;}}q&mawmfu a&TuJukd wnfNidrfpGmyif Munhfonf/]]trnfqkdwm ynwfyJ 'umBuD;.../ a&TuJqdkwJh ynwfeJY
'umBuD;qdkwJh ynwf[m xl;jcm;rI r&Sdygbl;/ a,sbl, t"dyÜm,ftwlwlygyJ/ 'Dawmh...'umBuD;ukd rSmcsifwm ynmÓPfukd &Smyg/b0eJY,SOfyg/ usefwmawG bmrSta&;rBuD;awmhbl; 'umBuD;}}
q&mawmfbk&m;xHrStjyef a&TuJ taotcsmpOf;pm;onf/b0tawGUtBuHKpHkum &ifhusufpjyKNyDjzpfaom q&mawmf
bk&m;\ rdefYqkdcsufukd udavomESihftwlaeaom a&TuJ aumuf,lyHku...
]]t&ifwkef;uvdk rmwkumrawGukd rkef;p&mrvkdawmh}}...[lí jzpfonf/ a&TuJ awmfawmfaysmfoGm;onf/ a&TuJ awmfawmfaysmfumoGm;onf/
udavom yg;ol\pum;ESihf udavom xlolrsm;\ pum;rSm xkdrQuGmygonf/
a&TuJ awmfawmfaysmfumoGm;\/ tckqkdvQif a&TuJonfq&mawmfbk&m;\ a&TuJr[kwfawmh/ b,folYtwGuf a&TuJjzpfaeoenf;/
tjyefvrf;wpfavQmufvHk; a&TuJ ayghyg;oGufvufumtBuD;tus,f auseyfaecJhonf/ olYESvHk;om;onf vGwfvyfaeonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 177
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]'Dtajctaetxd a&mufaeNyDqkd&ifawmh rkd;pkd;eJY'DaumifajyvnfoGm;wm aocsmaeNyD wifatmifrif;odrf;}}
rkd;ausmfu uGrf;wpf&m yg;pyfxJxyfjznhf&if; ajymonf/]]tdrfaxmifac:NyD; olYq&mawmfukd qGrf;uyfw,f qkd
awmh...}}]]rif;wdkYajymwm igrjiif;bl; 0if;Ekdif/ 'gayr,hf 'Daumif
rw&m;bl;uGm.../ igwkdYukd vmtoday;oihfw,f/ csD;rGrf;wm?aus;Zl;rwifwmawG xm;awmh/ igwkdY olYtwGuf BudK;pm;ay;cJhwmukdtodtrSwfawmh jyKoihfw,f/ olYtpGrf;tpeJYqkd 'Dvkdrdef;uav;rsKd;ukdb,fvkdrS r&Ekdifbl;}}
]]rdef;uav;qkdwmrsKd;uvnf; cufw,fuGm.../ 'DavmufvG,frSef;od&if ig vkdufygw,f/ 'Daumifhxufawmh ig omukdomw,fuGm.../ 'gawmh rif;wdkY todyJ}}
0if;Ekdifu rcsifhr&Jqkdonf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;u rausreyfjzpfumae\/ rdk;ausmfuawmh rkd;pkd;ukd ESajrmum aeonf/
]]'gaMumihf rdef;uav;qkdwm [kd[mryg&if [kd[mudk pm;w,fqkdwm...[kwfrSmyJ}}
]]tck...[kd[mygvsufeJY [kd[mukdpm;oGm;wm ykdem;vnf&cufw,fuG}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;pum;aMumihf tm;vHk; NidrfumoGm;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
178 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xkdtcsdefrSmyif a&TuJukd rkd;pkd;wkdYtkyfpkESihftwl avQmufvmwm jrifvkduf&onf/ omomESihfacrmu aemufu/ rkd;pkd;ESihfa&TuJu &,f&,farmarm pum;awGajymvdkY.../
rdk;pkd;u a&TuJvufarmif;ukd tomqkyfukdifvkdufonf/]]a&TuJ.../ oGm;a&mr0ifeJYaemf}}xifrSwfrxm;ojzihf a&TuJwpfukd,fvHk; usifpufESihf twkdYcH
vkduf&ovdk cHpm;vkduf&\/ olYESvHk;om;onf t&SdefESihfvTihfajrmufumEIwfzsm;rS ckefxGufoGm;NyD; cEmudk,fonf tckd;taiGU jzpfumoGm;\/ 0dnmOfu ,drf;xkd;umaeonf/ ol bmukdrSrjrifawmh/ bmpum;rSvnf; rajymEkdifawmh/ wefcdk;&Sifwpfa,muf\ aq;BudrfvHk;ESihftwkdYcHvkduf&olvkd ol½kyfcE¨mBuD; zsyfceJ aysmuf&SumoGm;avonf/
owd&awmh ol ausmif;xJu cHkwef;uav;rSm a&mufaeNyD/&ifawG tckefjrefvGef;vSojzihf tm;ukefum olYcEmukd,fu ckwfcsxm;aom iSufaysm&GufBuD;vdk aysmhzwfzwfjzpfae\/ omomESihfacrmuvnf; xkdudpöukd jrif&JUom;ESihf bmrSrajym/ yHkrSefyif &Sdonf/igBuHKcJhwm wu,fa&m [kwf&JUvm;.../ ig bmawGjzpfaewmvJ/olYukd pl;pl;0g;0g;MunhfoGm;Muaom wifatmifrif;odrf;wdkY tMunhfawGu bmoabmvJ.../ omomwkdYua&m bmjzpfvdkY 'Dudpöukdrodcsifa,mif aqmifae&wmvJ/ rkd;pkd;u bmjzpfvkdY ighvufarmif;ukdukdif&wmvJ.../ bmawGjzpfukefwmvJ.../ ]]vJ...}} ]]vJ...}}]]vJ...}}/
tckawmh rkd;pkd;u vG,ftdwfxJu aeMumaphukd xkwfumpm;onf/ NyD;awmh olYtwGuf tcGHoifNyD;aom aeMumaphtqHrsm;ukdvuf0g;uav;jzefYum xkd;auR;\/
]]pm;av...a&TuJ&JU}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 179
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]... ... ...}}opfyiftkyfMum;u ckefcsvmaom avjynfu rkd;pkd;qHpawG
ukd 0ifwkdufum oGm;onf/ jzLazG;aewJh vufz0g;av;xJrSm cGmNyD;paeMumaphuav;awG.../
&ifxJrSm w&dyf&dyfESihf rl;umvmonf/]]a&mh...av}}]]... ... ...}}]]rBudKufbl;vm;...a&TuJ&JU}}]][ifhtif;.../ r[kwfygbl;/ [dkav...}}]]'gqkd pm;av.../ a&mh}}aeMumaph enf;enf;,lvkdufonf/ rkd;pkd;&JU vufz0g;EkEk
uav;ukd rxdap&/]]MuufoGefavSmfa&m BudKufvm;.../ 'Dtxkyfu tyg
enf;w,f}}]][kd[m...tif;...[kdvkdaygh}}]]ausmif;ydwfzkdY odyfrvkdawmhbl;aemf.../ pmawG ykdifaeNyD
vm;}}]]... ... ...}}a&TuJ x&yfonf/]]uRefawmf twef;xJ oGm;awmhr,faemf}}ESvHk;om;usef&pfcJhaom ae&mrS a&TuJ wpfvSrf;csif;½kef;um
yifyef;wBuD; xGufvmcJhonf/rdk;pkd; xifrSwfxm;wmr[kwfojzihf aMumifumai;aerd\/
NyD;awmh acgif;ukd cgonf/ acrmwkdYu w[m;[m;&,fum vufndK;uav;awG auG;&if; ua,mf...ua,mfESihf pavonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
180 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
twef;xJa&mufawmh vkduful;onhfpmawGukd a&TuJ a&;ír&/ ol YvufawG wkefumaeonf/ tm;awG ukefumae\/q&mawmfu rsufvTmudk csumxm;onf/ rkd;pkd;u olYvufarmif;uav;ukd nifompGmudkifonf/ omomESihfacrmu NyHK;aeMuonf/wifatmifrif;odrf;wdk Yu rauseyfaomrsuf0ef;rsm;ESihf 0kef;ceJx&yfonf/ NyD;awmh...tm;vHk;BuD;rm;vSaom t&SdefESihf pkaygif;umtm;ESihf olY0dnmOfxJ atmf[pfum 0ifvmMu\/
a&TuJ a&SUu pma&;cHkay:ukd arSmufcsvkdufonf/odkYaomf tm;r&/ jzpfEkdifvQif olYxuf tqrwefBuD;rm;
aom t&mwpfckukd tm;ESihfBuHK;zufum zspfn§pfypfvkdufcsifonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 181
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
awmifusprf;a&at;at;u yef;yifuav;awGukd nifompGm o,faqmifoGm;onf/ prf;a&MunfMunfat;at;rSm yef;yGihfuav;awG pD;arsmvmwwfonfukd awmifusprf;a&\ tvSobm0[k cHpm;ajymwwfMuonf/
awmifusprf;a&onf ausmufp&pfcJuav;rsm;udkvnf;nifompGm pD;arsmapum wpfckESihfwpfck xdckdufapNyD; cGJacsay;wwfygonf/ 'gudkvnf; awmifusprf;a&\ wm0efausaom obm0tvS[k ajym&rnfjzpfygonf/
tck olvnf; nifomat;jraom a&pD;NidrfhNidrfhuav;rSmarsmygaeonf/ olu yef;yGihfvm;? ausmufp&pfcJav;vm;/ 'gukdodzkdYol t&rf;vkdtyfaeonf/
olu yef;yGif hqdkvQif nifompGm pD;arsmoGm;jcif;onftvSw&m;/
olu ausmufp&pfcJuav;qkdvQif wpfpp jyKef;wD;cGJacscH&jcif;onf tvSw&m;omjzpf&rnf/
ausmufwHk;u yef;yGihfvdk nifompD;arsmcGihf r&/ yef;yGihfuvnf; ausmufwHk;uav;ukd yGwfwkdufjyKef;wD;cGihf r&Sd/
prf;a&uawmh at;jrnifompGm pD;qif;aeayvdrhfrnf/olu ausmufwHk;a,mifaqmifxm;aom yef;yGihf/ 'grSr[kwf
yef;yGihfa,mifaqmifxm;aom ausmufp&pfcJuav;wpfck/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
182 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
tcspfonf at;jrnifomaomEIef;jzihf olYudk o,faqmifoGm;aeonf/
nifompGmpD;arsmjcif;jzihf ol tvSw&m;ukd vkdcsifonf/okdYr[kwf nifompGm yGef;yJhjyKef;wD;jcif;jzihf ol tvSw&m;ukd&csifonf/ at;jrnifompGmpD;qif;aeaom prf;acsmif;uav;ukdwpfckckawmh ol tusKd;&Sdapcsifygonf/
a&TuJ b,fESBudrfajrmufrSef;rod ckwifay:rS xum xkdifonf/
olYukd,fol ar;&wm armvSNyD/ wpfckckukd qHk;jzwfzdkY BudK;pm;&wm yifyef;vSNyD/
ol pmwpfapmif xkdifuma&;onf/vkd&modkYra&muf/ &ifxJrSm&Sdaewmukd odapEkdifaom b,f
pum;vHk;ukdrS ol tykdifpm;r&/ &SmrawGU/ El;nHhaom vufz0g;uav;rsm; olYvufarmif;ay: usvmpOf vGihfxGufoGm;aom0dnmOf\w'*Fukd ol zrf;rqkyfukdifEkdif/ opfyifMum;rS opf&Gufrsm;ukd aqmhupm;&if; ckefcsvmaom avjynfEkEktzsm;rSm vGihfceJ ygoGm;wwfonhf rkd;pkd;qHpuav;\ EGJUvsrIukd ol ajymrjywwf/ NyD;awmh...ol &aeus Muifem&dyfrsuf0ef;? olESihftwl&Sdckduf aMumufp&maumif;aom wdwfqdwfrI? bmukdrS ol a&;rjywwf/ odyJodNyD; pum;vHk;r&Sdaom cHpm;csufodrIrSm ol a&;csvkdufonfhpum;vHk;awGtm;vHk;rlvt"dyÜm,fukd tqHk;½IH;cHum aoqHk;oGm;aeMuonf/
ol ckwifay: jyefvJusoGm;jyefonf/rkd;pkd;u rSdwfxm;aom rsuf0ef;xJrSm NyHK;umae\/ol xkdrsuf0ef;awGxJ ckefcsypfvkdufonf/odkYaomf...[mvm[if;vif;xJukdom vGihfceJ jyKwfusoGm;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 183
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
onf/bmukdrS qkyfukdifxm;p&mr&Sd/rcHr&yfEkdifaom olY0dnmOfonf tqHk;tprJhrIrsm;xJrSm wnf
&mrJh OD;pkduf*Rrf;jyefjzpfaeonf/wpfpwpfp ol...armumvmonf/ ol...aMumufumvm
onf/ tm;&Sdyg;&Sd wpfckckukd vSrf;zufvkdufawmh olcE¨monftckd;taiGUjzpfum arsmvGihfoGm;\/
reufjzefonf pmar;yGJ aemufqHk;aeY jzpfavonf/a&TuJ pdwfukd avQmhvkdufonf/ ½kd;om;aomudpöukd t½kd;om;
qHk;ajymwm taumif;qHk;jzpfonf[kyif ol oabmxm;vkduf\/ESvHk;om;ukd ESvHk;om;ESihfyJ pD;csif;xkd;wm w&m;rQwonf/ cifrifjcif;jrif;ukd pD;ESifum oHa,mZOfvSHwHukd olukdifpGJrnf? u½kPm'kdif;vTm;ukd ol,loGm;rnf/ &ifckefjcif;av;ndKUBudK;ay:rSm jrwfEkd;jcif;jrm;awGtjynhfESihf &Sdaeap&rnf/
odk Yaomf...olYvufeufawGtm;vHk;u em;vnfjcif;ESih f&ufvkyfxm;aom oli,fcsif;oHrPdukd,fMuyftusÐukd xkd;azmufEkdifyghrvm;.../ tcGihfta&;,ljcif;vQyfpD;"m;u olY vnf*kwfay:usvmrnf? opömazmufjcif;vSHcsufu olY&iftHkrSm xkwfcsif;cwfpGJ0ifoGm;rnf/ avSmif&,fjcif;jrm;awG [kdrS 'DrS w&pyf olYcE¨mtESH Y xkd;pkdufukefMuvdrhfrnf/ NyD;awmh...jrwfEkd;jcif;ajray:rSmol vJusum wpdrfhpdrhf emusifaeayvdrhfrnf/
odkYaomf a&TuJ aemufukd rqkwfEkdiffawmh.../aemufqkwfp&majr{&d,m wpfvufrrQ olYESvHk;om;xJwGif
r&Sdawmh/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
184 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
acrmu pmudkzwfNyD; NyHK;Munhfum jyefay;onf/ acrmhtNyHK;u ]]ukdif;...b,feJY&Sdp...a':a&Trkd;pkd;}} qkdonhf tNyHK;rsKd;.../
]]pmar;yGJaemufqHk;aeYa&mufrS t&rf;ta&;BuD;wJh ajymp&mpum;qkdwm ykdufqHacs;wmwkdY? a&Twd*Hkbk&m;oGm;r,f...qkdwmwdkYr[kwfbl;qkdwmawmh rif;odw,fr[kwfvm;...rdk;pkd;}}
]]rif; 'Dudpöudkawmh tcsdef,lNyD;pOf;pm;zdkY vHk;0vkdw,faemf...}}
]]wkdY pOf;pm;p&mawmh odyfr&Sdygbl;/ 'gayr,hf tcsdefawmh,l&vdrhfr,f/ ausmif;NyD;oGm;&if wkdY0goemtwGuf tdyfrufrufxm;wmawG trsm;BuD;&Sdao;w,f...}}
]]tefwDua&m...}}]]arareJY wkdYtMum;rSm tdrfaxmifa&;twGuf tNrJwrf;
vGwfvyfrI&Sdw,f/ arar tNrJwrf;rSmwm wpfckyJ&Sdw,f/ ukd,hftdrfaxmifzuf[m ½kd;om;&r,fwJh.../ tJ'DwpfcsufyJ...}}
]][kwfygNyDawmf...[kwfygNyDawmh...}}acrmu vG,ftdwfESihf olYausmukd xkumatmfonf/]]'gqkd...a&TuJ vufxyfzkdYawmif;qkdrSmukd rif; rjiif;bl;
aygh...}}]]omomuvnf; ajymNyD;om;[mukd...}}]]ausmif;NyD;oGm;&if a&TuJu &Gmukd jyef&rSm r[kwfvm;/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 185
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
tvkyfwpfckck&zkdYqkdwm vG,fOD;rSmr[kwfbl;/ atmifpm&if;ukd apmihf&OD;rSm.../ 'DMum;xJ a&TuJu...taqmifrSmyJ aerSmvm;}}
wjznf;jznf; acsmifydwfvmaeaompum;rsm;? ar;cGef;rsm;aMumihf rkd;pkd; oufjyif;ukd csum xkdifae&mrS xonf/
]]ol qE&Sdr,fqkd&if wdkYtdrfab;rSm wpfxyfwkdufuav;ykdaeao;wmyJ}}
ajymNyD;onfESifh rdk;pkd; xGufumajy;onf/ [kdESpfaumifu]]acG;r}} [k atmfum aemufu xvkdufMuonf/ rdoGm;vQifawmh olYausmukef;ay:ukd vG,ftdwftcsufaygif;rsm;pGmusvmvdrhfrnf xifygonf/
q,hfig;rSwfwef ar;cGef;wpfyk'fukd rajzcJh&onfrSvGJí a&TuJpmar;yGJukd aumif;pGmajzEkdifcJhonf/ xkdtyk'fukd BudK;pm;ajzrnfqkdvQifawmif tcsdefvHkavmufpGm &ygonf/ odkYaomf...a&TuJ rajzawmh.../ ol pdwfu apmvSNyD/ rdk;pkd;a&mufrvmcif a&TuJ csdef;xm;onhfae&mukd a&mufcsifaeonf/
rkd;pkd;ukd zGihfajymNyD;vQif...q&mawmfukd avQmufp&m&Sdao;onf/ ol &GmudkrjyefbJ &efukefrSmyif tvkyfwpfck&Smum aecJhzdkYjzpfonf/ q&mawmfonf olY&nfrSef;csuf ysufoGm;ojzihf olYukdrsufESmrMunhfcsifavmufatmif pdwfqkd;oGm;rSmvm;/ NyD;awmh oluq&mawmf vHk;0cGifhrjyKonhf rmwkumrwpfa,mufESihf b0ukdxlaxmifzkdYqkdvQif.../
a&TuJ tawG;udk&yfum [uf[ufyufyufukd &,frdoGm;onf/ olYtawG;u rkd;pkd;u b,fqDaerSef; rod/ q&mawmfeJYwnhfyghrvm;qkdwmvdk jzpfaeonf/ rkd;pkd;.../ rkd;pkd;ukd ol zGihfajymvQifbmawGjzpfukefrnfenf;/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
186 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rdk;pk d;ESih folu tajctaeuGmonf/ ½kyf&nfuGmonf/tqihftwef;uGmwmawGom avQmufawG;vQif qHk;awmhrnfr[kwf/wlwmqkdí rkd;pkd;ESihfolonf yk&dorsm;qkdonhf wpfcsufom&Sdonf/a&TuJ &ifxJ armumoGm;\/
]]a&TuJ.../ ajzEkdif&JUvm;}}a&TuJ wpfudk,fvHk; wkefumoGm;onf/ acgif;ukd uref;
uwef;ndwfjyawmh rkd;pkd;u at;at;vlvlyif 0ifxkdifum qHyifawGukd oyf&yfatmifzD;&if; ycHk;ay:rS qGJ,lum &iftpyfwGifcsumxm;onf/ rkd;pkd;ukd ai;um a&TuJ&ifxJrSm xl;qef;aom cHpm;csufwpfckukd &vkduf\/
rdk;pkd;ukd ESajrmjcif;yJ jzpfonf/'DavmufvSvGef;aom rdk;pkd;ukd olykdifqkdif&vQifvnf; rkd;pkd;\
tvSukd ol b,favmufxdef;odrf;ay;xm;EkdifrSmvJ/ rkd;pkd;onfolESifhtwl b0udk &ifqkdif&rnf/ avmu"Hukd &ifqkdif&rnf/ rjynhfpHkjcif;? qif;&Jyifyef;jcif;...awGrSm rkd;pkd;tvSu arS;rSdefazsmhusoGm;awmhrnf/ rkd;pkd;ukd tckvkdyJ vSaeEkdifatmif? usufoa&&SdaeEkdifatmifol b,favmufBudK;pm;EkdifrSmvJ.../
]]uJ...ajymav a&TuJ&JU/ ta&;BuD;wJhpum;qkdwm bmvJ...}}
rdk;pk;du a&TuJycHk;ukd olYycHk;jzihf wkdufumar;awmh a&TuJwkefvIyfumoGm;onf/ &ifxJrSm armNyD; usyfumvm\/ rkd;pkd;ycHk;om;uav;ESihf olYycHk;u xduyfae\/ 'DvkdrdefYrl;arsmvGihfrIrsKd;rkd;pkd;qDu ol &cJhwm b,fESBudrf &SdNyDvJ/ olY&ifxJ armumvmonf/
olwyfqifvmcJhaom vufeufud&d,mawGtm;vHk; rkd;pkd;a&SUrSm tm;vHk;ysufpD;qHk;½IH;oGm;ovdk ol cHpm;vdkuf&onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 187
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]][kd...[kd...uRefawmf...rajymawmhygbl;/ rkd;pkd; pdwfqkd;vdrhfr,f...}}
]]r&bl; a&TuJ.../ ajymr,fvkdY today;NyD;rS rajym&if...rkd;pkd; t&rf;pdwfqkd;w,f/ aeygOD;.../ a&TuJeJY rkd;pkd;Mum;rSm bmrsm;vQKdU0Sufp&m &SdaevkdYvJ}}
ycHk;ukd xyfwkdufjyefonf/r&awmh/ uPef;uspfpmcJvdk rmonf[k xifxm;cJhaom
awmom;tonf;onf tckawmh 0g;[m;[m;a&cJrkefYvkd t&nfaysmfumoGm;\/ cvkyfwkdufygrsm;awmh wkdifawmifeJYwwfonf r[kwfvm;.../ tck ycHk;EkEkuav;ESihf wkdufwmqkdawmh a&TuJtonf;eJY½Hkwifr[kwf? yJhyg usxGufoGm;NyD/
]]rdk;...rdk;pkd;...uRefawmhfukd xifcsifovdkxifyg/ 'DtcsdefrSm[kdav...uRefawmf 'Dpum;ukd ajym&rSmrkdYvdkYyg...}}
rkd;pkd; NyHK;onf/ NyD;awmh...awmfawmfwkefvIyfaeaom a&TuJukdMunhfum &,fvnf; &,fcsifaerdonf/ 'DavmufwkefvIyfaerSawmha&SUa&;udk awG;um vufxyfzkdYudpöavmuf [kwf[efrwlyg/ ckd;ajy;zkdYtxdawmh rkd;pkd; cGihfray;Ekdif/ olYtay: t&m&mem;vnfcJhaomararhukd t&SufwuGJjzpf&atmif rkd;pkd; b,fawmhrS vkyfvdrhfrnfr[kwf/
]]tif;...[kwfygNyDav/ ajymyg...}}]]us...uRefawmf...av...rd k;pk d;eJYywfouf&if...[kd...
tcsdefwefvdkY acgufawmhrS jrnfcGihf&wJh &GmOD;ausmif;u tkef;armif;BuD;vdk aecJhygw,f/ tck...cHpm;csufu us...uRefawmhfudk acgufaeNyD rkd;pkd;.../ uRefawmhftoHu cHpm;csufu acgufvkdY jrnfwJhtoHppfppfBuD;yg...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
188 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]tvJh...a&TuJu w,f[kwfygvm;/ a&TuJ 'DaeYajymwJhpum;awGu w,fqef;ygvm;}}
rkd;pkd;u &,f&if;NyHK;&if; ajymonf/ a&TuJ acR;jyefp jyKvmonf/
]]tck...uRefawmfhpdwfawG...rdk;...rdk;pkd;tay:rSm [kd;t&ifwkef;uvdk r[kwfawmhbl;...}}
]][kd...t&ifwkef;uvdk r[kwfbl;qkdawmh...b,fvdkawGjzpfukefvkdYvJ}}
rdk;pkd;yHkpHu pdwfqkd;oGm;jcif;vnf; r&Sd? &Suf&GHU wkefvIyfaewmvnf; r[kwf/ oufoufomom at;at;vlvlyif &Sdaeonf/]]ajymprf;ygOD;}}[k ar;onhfyHkpHuvnf; t&ifajymaeusyHkpHESihf bmrSruGJjym;.../
pmar;yGJaemufqHk;aeYrSm ta&;tBuD;qHk;udpöajymzkdY wpfa,mufwnf;vmcJhyg...[k csdef;vkdufaom olYpmu ol bmajymawmhrnfqkdwmukdukd wpf0uftoday;NyD;om;jzpfaerSm aocsmonf/rkd;pkd; rodEkdifp&mr&Sd/ tck rkd;pkd; a&mufvmonf/ EIwfcrf;awGuESpfvkdzG,f&m NyHK;umaevkdufao;\/
a&TuJ...tm;wufumvonf/NyD;awmh...&ifxJrSm usifceJat;um owdvufvGwfyif
jzpfcsifvm\/pdwfvGwfukd,fvGwf cPjzpfoGm;aom a&TuJukd rkd;pkd;u
xyfowday;jyefonf/ a&TuJaysmfvGef;ojzihf...bmudkajymcs&rSef;yifrod/ vuf0g;csif; yGwfaerdonf/
]][kd...[kdav...uRefawmf...rajym&Jbl;/ rdk;pkd;...pdwfqkd;vdrhfr,f}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 189
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJpum;aMumihf odcsifpdwfESihf ai;Munhfaeaom rkd;pkd;updwfysufoGm;ovdk...EIwfcrf;awGukdqGJqefYum oufjyif;ukd csonf/
]]'DrSm a&TuJ.../ ajymp&m&Sdw,fvdkY ac:NyD;rS...rajym&ifrkd;pkd; b,favmufpdwfqkd;wwfw,fqkdwm a&TuJ odw,faemf...}}
rkd;pkd;u rsufESmukd wrifcyfwnfwnfvkyfum a&TuJ ycHk;ukdolYycHk;uav;ESihf wkdufNyD; owday;ovkdvkdvkyfonf/ a&TuJ cEmukd,fvGihfxGufroGm;yg/ ESvHk;om;uawmh vGihfxGufumoGm;\/
]][kd...uRef...uRef...uRefawmfav...rkd;pkd;ukd...t&rf;cspfw,f...}}
ajymNyD;NyD;csif; a&TuJ acgif;ukd iHkYcsypfvkdufonf/t&m&mwdwfqdwfoGm;\/ xkdwdwfqdwfrIrSm acgif;jzwfpuf
atmufukd OD;acgif;xkd;xnhfNyD;onfh w'*FwdwfqdwfrIrsKd;[k a&TuJcHpm;ae&\/
]]qufajymav...a&TuJ...&JU}}rkd;pkd;pum;oHaMumihf a&TuJ aMumifumoGm;onf/armhMunhfawmh rkd;pkd;u yuwdodcsifpdwfESihf olYudk ai;um
aeonf/]]rkd;...rkd;pkd;}}]]tif;.../ qufajymav...}}]][m;..........}}½kwfw&uf a&TuJ aMumifumoGm;onf/ 'Davmuf tEÅ&m,f
BuD;onfhpum;ukd Mum;NyD;onftxd rdk;pkd;rsufESmay:rSm bmrSrajymif;vJ/ NyD;awmh qufajymav...wJh/ t[m;...[kwfNyD/ 'DvkdwHk;wdBuD;qkdawmh...rkd;pkd;&ifukd odyfxdyHk ray:/ [kwfwmaygh.../ol qufajym&OD;rnf/ odkYaomf...&ifckef&vGef;ojzihf pOf;pm;xm;cJh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
190 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
aom pum;awG arhukefNyDjzpfonf/]]rdk;pkd;&,f.../ twlaecGihf&wJhtcsdefrSm...uRefawmfcHpm;
cJh&awGukd tcGihfta&;,lNyD; apmfum;wmr[kwf&ygbl;/ wpfjcm;vlomqkd&if uRefawmhfavmufawmif cHEkdif&nf&SdrSm r[kwfygbl;/uRefawmfvnf; q&mawmfoifcJhzl;ovdk 'gawG[m rNrJbl;...rNrJbl;vdkY rSwfwmygyJ/ rkd;pkd;u vufarmif;uav;udkifvkduf&if uRefawmf...nbufrSm xrif;awmif rqmawmhbl;/ rkd;pkd;ukd uRefawmf jrwfjrwfEdk;Ekd;cspfw,fqkdwm ,HkygAsm...}}
]]a&TuJ...}}rkd;pkd;u tus,fBuD;atmfum xdwfvefYwMum; x&yfonf/rkd;pkd;rsuf0ef;awGrSm r,HkMunfpdwfESihf jyL;aeum EIwfcrf;
awGu txdwfwvefY [umae\/]]rdk;...rkd;pkd;...uRefawmfhukd pdwfrqkd;ygeJYaemf.../ uRefawmf...
rkd;pkd;ukd jrwfjrwfEkd;Ekd;...cspf...}}]]a&TuJ...a&TuJ.../ tck...rdk;pkd;ukd &nf;...&nf;pm;pum;
ajymaewmvm;/ [kwfvm;}}csufcsif;ajymif;vJoGm;aom trlt,mESihf txdwfwvefYatmf
oHwkdYaMumihf a&TuJ aMumifumoGm;onf/ rkd;pkd;rsufESmay:rSm olwpfcgrS rjrifcJhzl;aom aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYrIukd awGU&onf/ bmawGjzpfukefygvdrhf.../
]]ajymav.../ tck &nf;pm;pum;...}}]][kwf...[kwfygw,f rkd;pkd;.../ uRef...uRefawmf t&rf;
rsKdodyfcJhwmyg.../ tck rjzpfEkdifawmhvdkY...r...cHpm;EkdifawmhvdkY...}}a&TuJpum; rqHk;vkduf/ rkd;pkd;u bmrSef;roJuGJaom pum;
wpfcGef;ukd BuHK;atmfum a&TuJukd ypfwGef;vdkufojzihf a&TuJ zifxkdif
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 191
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
vsuf vJusoGm;onf/]]a&TuJ.../ eif...eif odyfrdkuf½kdif;w,f/ &SufzkdYaumif;vkduf
wm/ eif...eif...t&rf;apmfum;w,f/ tckrS &nf;pm;pum; ajym&ovm;}}
rkd;pkd;u vJus&mrS xaeaom a&TuJukd vG,ftdwfjzihf½kdufonf/ a&TuJ aMumifumaeojzihf wpfcsuf? ESpfcsuf xdonf/aemufawmhrS owd0ifvmum atmf&\/
]][m...rkd;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...rvkyfeJY.../ rvkyfygeJY.../ rkd;pkd;}}]]tckrS ajym&ovm;? tckrSajym&ovm;...[Jh}}]]rdk;pkd;...rkd;pkd;...[kd...[kd...[m...rvkyfygeJY/ rvkyfeJY.../
[kd...apm...apmao;vkdYvm;[if}}]]bm...apmao;vdkYvm;/ [kwfvm;.../ eif...wrifouf
ouf ight&SufcGJwm.../ uJ...uJ[,f}}]]tm;...rdk;pkd;...}}]]eifeJYig...&nf;pm;jzpfcJhwm av;v&SdNyD/ tJ'g...rSwfxm;}}tukwfcHvkduf&ojzihf a&TuJ rsufESmwpfckvHk; xlyloGm;ojzihf
rkd;pkd;½kdufcsvkdufaom vuf0g;a0'emrSm a&TuJtwGuf odyfrcHpm;&awmh.../
a0oDrIef0g;aeaomtjrifESihf vSrf;Munhfvdkufawmh xGufajy;oGm;aom rkd;pkd;ukd awGUvkduf&onf/ rkd;pkd;onf wwfEkdiforQolESihfa0;&mukd twif;ajy;umaeonf/ bmawGjzpfukefoenf;.../
a&TuJ wpfckrSem;rvnfvkduf/ bmjzpfoGm;rSef;vJ rodvkduf/wpfjcm;twGJawGu a&TuJukd 0dkif;umMunhfaeMuonf/]]avmuxufqef;us,faomt&monf r&Sd...}}[k q&m
awmfbk&m; ajymjyaewmukdom a&TuJ Mum;a,mifaerdonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
192 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
t&Sdefukd ravQmhbJ tm;ESihfajy;vmaeaom rkd;pkd;ukd omomESihfacrm aMumifNyD; MunhfaerdMuonf/ NyD;awmh rkd;pkd;qDrSm rsuf&nfawGeJY.../
xkdtoduav;rqHk;cif rkd;pkd;u eD;&m acrmh&ifcGifxJ wkd;um0ifNyD; acgif;ukd0Sufum ½IdufBuD;wiif idkumaeonf/
]][m...rdk;pkd;.../ bmjzpfwmvJ.../ bmjzpfwmvJ.../[kdaumifu bmapmfum;vkdufvdkYvJ}}
rkd;pkd; bmrSrajymEdkif/ acgif;ukd b,fnmcg&rf;um tm;&yg;& idkíomaeonf/
]]rdk;pkd;.../ omomhudk ajymprf;/ 'Daumif bmapmfum;vkdYvJ.../ ajymprf;yg...ajymprf;/ rkd;pkd;}}
rkd;pkd; ikdoHAvHk;AaxG;ESihf ½IdufoHukd a&mumajymonf/]]ol...olu rkd;pkd;ukd...t...ckrS...'DaeY...rS...&nf;pm;...
pum;...ajymw,f.../ &Sufvkdufwm...omom...&,f.../ t...&rf;&SufwmyJ.../ &Sufw,f...}}
rdk;pkd;pum;qHk;awmh ESpfa,mufpvHk; toHwpfoHwnf;udkomxGufrdMuonf/
]][m...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 193
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
uê euê euê euê euê e
]]a&TuJ../ igwkdY tJ'Davmuftxd jzpfvdrhfr,fvkdY xifukdrxm;cJhvdkYyguGm...}}
]]rif;u rdef;rawGukd odyfrkef;aeawmh...? rif;ukd jyóemwuf½HkavmufyJ igwkdYpdwfu &nf&G,fcJhwmyg/ igajymom;yJ wifatmifrif;odrf;/ zGifhajymxm;rS aumif;r,fqkdwmukd...}}
]][.../ igzGifhajymr,fvkyfwJhaeYu 'Daumifu bl;cHNyD;jiif;&if;eJY jyóemwufwmukd;uG/ tckrS ighukd vmvTJcsraeeJY/tJ'DhaeYu rif;wkdYvnf; igeJYtwlwl taqmifu qif;MuwmyJr[kwfvm;}}
]]rif;vnf; vTJrcseJY/ tJ'DtpDtpOfawGukd tm;vHk;BuHwmb,folvJ}}
]]at;.../ rkd;pkd;...qdkwJh emrnfukd vufa&;twka&;wma&m.../ tJ'DpmukdoGm;ay;wmua&m..b,folawGvJ}}
]]a[haumif awmfuGm.../ rif;tBuHu yxr? igwkdYu'kwd,uG}}
]]at;.../ rif;wdkY oabmrwl&if tpuwnf;u jiif;vdkY
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
194 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
&wmyJ/ tckrS ighukd yHkcsraeMueJY}}]]wifatmifrif;odrf; awmfuGm.../ pDpOfoleJY tJ'DtpDtpOf
udk yg&ol b,fol ykdtjypfBuD;ovJ/ uJ...}}]]a[haumif 0if;Ekdif/ rif; cPcPajymaewJh pum;ukdyJ
ig ajymr,f/ umwGef;wpfrsufESmrSm tkdif'D,mwpfckwnf;aumif;½HkeJY r&bl;/ t½kyfuvnf; yDjyif&r,fqkduG}}
]]at;.../ tkdif'D,mu yxryJ/ t½kyfu aemufrSvkdufwmuG}}
]]'gqkd&if...rif; uGrf;pm;wm uGrf;csnf;yJ pm;ygvm;/bmjzpfvdkY xHk;awG? uGrf;oD;awG? Armaq;awG? EkdifwDwl;awG?zmvmawG? *Hkcg;awG xnhfae&wmvJ irkd;ausmf&JU}}
]]a[haumif...awmfuGm}}]]at;.../ 'gqkd rif;vnf; wdwfawmh}}a&TuJ &efjzpfzkdYtxd tajctaea&mufaeaom oli,fcsif;
awGukd bmrS tjypfrajymyg/ olYypönf;awGukdom c&D;aqmiftdwfxJ*½kwpfpkduf xnhfaeygonf/
]]a&TuJ.../ rif; wu,fjyefawmhrSmvm;}}a&TuJ acgif;ukd wpfcsufndwfonf/]][kwfw,f/ raeoihfwJht&yfrSm raewm taumif;qHk;ygyJ?
jzpfcJhwJhudpöawGtm;vHk;ukdvnf; uRefawmf umv0dwfbwf&Sdw,fvdkYyJoabxm;ygw,f.../ tm;vHk;u uRefawmftjypfyg}}
]]r[kwfwmyJuGm...}}]][kwfygw,f.../ jyóemtm;vHk;&JUtpu uRefawmhfukd
uRefawmf vdrfwmyJ/ uRefawmhfukd,fuRefawmf ,Hkr dwmygyJ/uRefawmfom yGihfvif;&if wpfcGef;wnf;eJY NyD;&r,fhudpöyg...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 195
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rif;udkyg aemufqHk;txd prf;ygao;w,fuGm.../ rkd;pkd;ukdig BudKufw,fqkdwkef;u...}}
]][.../ tJ'Dwkef;u 'Daumifu rdk;pkd;eJY cspfoljzpfaewmodrS rodao;wJhOpöm...}}
]]uRefawmfoGm;awmhr,fAsm...}}a&TuJ tdwfukd aumufvG,fum xGufonf/]]a[haumif...a&TuJ/ 'DrSm...rif; bk&m;yHkawmfuav;}}0if;Ekdifu olYckwifacgif;&if;u ysOfawGMum;rSm n§yfxm;
aom bk&m;yHkawmfuav;ukd vSrf;umay;onf/]]cifAsm;wkdYyJ trSwfw& ,lxm;vkdufygAsm.../ uRefawmf
b,folYudkrS pdwfrqkd;bl;qkdwJh txdrf;trSwfeJYaygh}}a&TuJ tm;vHk;ukd ausmckdif;um xGuf&efjyifonf/ uHqef;
ovdk? pdwfawGqef;ovdk avmuvnf; qef;vSaom vlYb0BuD;xJodkY ol wkd;0if&OD;rnf/
]]rif; tck b,foGm;rSmvJ...a&TuJ}}]]q&mawmfbk&m;qDukd...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
196 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rif;u bmukd emusnf;aewmvJ rkd;pkd;...}}omomhpum;ukd rkd;pkd; jyefrajzbJ wpfbufodkY vSnhfae
vkdufonf/ wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYvnf; w&m;cHrsufESmay;ESihf cyfukwfukwf&Sd\/ 0if;Edkifu rsufESmi,fuav;ESihf xyfar;ygOD;qkdonhfoabmjzihf acrmhudk ar;qwfumjyonf/
]]tif;.../ jzpfoGm;wJhjyóemu &Sif;&awmh cufwmtrSefyJrkd;pkd;.../ jzpfoihfwmeJY ajymif;jyefBuD; jzpfaew,f/ jzpfoihfwmurif;u cifcifrifrifeJY qufqHaewmukd olu rif;eJY cspfolawGjzpfaeNyDvkdY avQmufajymwmrsKd; jzpf&rSm.../ tck[mu oleJY cspfoljzpfaeNyD; olu rodbl;qdkawmh...}}
]]xyfrajymeJYawmh acrm.../ rdk;pkd; tJ'DtaMumif;BuD;ukdvHk;0 rMum;csifbl;}}
pdwf½Iyf ½Iyfjzihf rkd;pkd; atmfum rsufESmukd rmxefxm;vdkufonf/
[kwfonf/ wu,fqkdawmh rkd;pkd;&ifqkdifae&onhf jyóembmukd &r,f&Sm&rSef;rod/ olu cspfolvdk av;veD;yg;aecJhaomfvnf; a&TuJb,fu tcGihfta&;,lwm...bmnm r&SdcJh/ oluvufarmif;ukd ukdifvkdufvQif awmifhawmifhBuD;jzpfoGm;um rsufESm&Jwufvmwwfaom a&TuJyHkpHukd tckrSyif rkd;pkd; oabmaygufavawmhonf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 197
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
'g...b,favmuf&SufzkdYaumif;vkdufwJh tjzpfvJ.../ a&TuJtjrifrSm rkd;pkd;onf twihf&JvGef;aom? £a`Eodu©m enf;vGef;aomrdef;uav;wpfa,muf jzpfroGm;bl;vm;/ odkYaomf...a&TuJxHrSmxkdtrlt,mESihf tjyKtrlrsKd;udkvnf; rawGUcJh&zl;yg/
&Sufp&mtaumif;qHk;u [dkbufu rod&ygbJ olua&TuJukd cspfaeonfqkdonhf udpöBuD;rSm vdrfí zHk;í r&awmhavmufatmif ay:oGm;jcif;jzpf\/ jyefawG;rdvkdufwkdif; rkd;pkd; bmrSef;rod?b,folYudkrSef;rod &Sufaerdonf/
]]a&TuJuvnf; wHk;vGef;ygw,fuGm.../ 'DvkdqufqHaewmawmf½Hkvlqkd &dyfrdavmufNyD/ tomuav;Nidrfaevkduf&if rkd;pkd;vnf; t&SufruGJ? olvkdcsifwmvJ&.../ omomawmh tHhukd Moa&myJ}}
]]ol &nf;pm;pum;ajymzkdY wpfa,mufa,mufukd wkdifyif&ifvnf; 'Djyóem wufp&mrvdkbl;/ tckawmh olu vkyfcsif&ifZGwfyJ...}}
]][m...acrmuvnf;.../ rkd;pkd;u 'DvkdaerSawmh olYbufu ykdifNyDvkdYawmh tenf;qHk; wGufrSmaygh/ bmwkdifyifaep&mvkdrSmvJ}}
]]'Dvkdqkd olYrSm bmrS tjypfr&Sdbl;aygh/ 'gqkd tjypf&Sdwmrkd;pkd;vm;}}
]]tJ'Dvkdvnf; r[kwfygbl; rdk;pkd;&m.../ wu,ftjypf&Sdwmu uRefawmfwkdYyg.../ udkcif;wJhZmwf udk,frEkdifMuwmyg}}
wifatmifrif;odrf;u awmif;yefonhf avaysmhuav;jzihf0ifumajymonf/
]]'DaumifajymjyvdkY rkd;pkd;"mwfyHkuav;udk jyef&vmuwnf;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
198 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
u uRefawmfwkdYu tajctaerSefukd zGihfajymzkdYyg/ tJ'g...wifatmifrif;odrf;u pum;ukd vSnhfywfajymaewmeJY 'DaumifeJY jyóemwufNyD; rajymjzpfcJhwm...}}
]]rkd;pkd;ukd BudKufw,fuGm...vdkY ajymwmvJ wrifajymwmyg/'Daumif rkd;pkd;eJY cspfoljzpfaewm odrod aocsmcsifvkdY}}
0if;Ekdif tm;wufoa&m 0ifum&Sif;jyonf/jyóemukd rkd;pkd; wjznf;jznf; ½kyfvHk;ay:vmygonf/
odkYaomf...tm;vHk;&Sif;oGm;av? &Suf&rnhfolu oludk,fwkdifjzpfav...jzpfae&onf/
]]tJ'Daemufydkif;usawmh oleJYrkd;pk;dwkdYu wwGJwGJqkdawmh'DudpöawGtm;vHk; tqifajyoGm;NyDxifvkdY uRefawmfwkdYvnf; vmrajymMuawmhwmyg}}
rkd;pkd;u tm;vHk;pum; qHk;oGm;aomfvnf; rsufESmudk wif;xm;qJjzpfonf/ rsufESmuom wif;xm;aomfvnf; pdwfxJuawmh odaeygonf/ rkd;pkd; cHpm;ae&wm emusnf;jcif;r[kwf?&Sufjcif;om jzpfonf/ ukd,fu cspfoljzpfaecJhNyD; udk,hfudk cspfolrSef;rodaom vlwpfa,muftay: &Sufaejcif;omjzpfonf/ odkYaomf...[efukd,fhzdky r[kwfvm;.../
]]uJ...rkd;pkd;/ tajzu &Sif;aeNyD/ b,folw&m;cHvnf;qkdwmvnf; ay:aeNyD/ 'Dawmh bmqHk;jzwfoihfovJqkdwm rif;pOf;pm;ayghuGm.../ ukd,fwkdYu rif;udk bmrS qHk;jzwfray;csifbl;}}
acrmu omomhudk rsufaphrSdwfjy&if; aemufqHk;pum;ukdqkdonf/
]][kwfygw,f.../ w&m;cHt&if;u uRefawmfwkd Yyg/uRefawmfwkdYaMumihf jzpfcJh&wJhtwGuf uRefawmfwkdYukd omomeJY
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 199
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
acrmu rkef;csifvnf; rkef;yg/ rrkef;&ifvnf;...}}]]bm.../ &SifwkdY bmpum;ajymwmvJ/ olrsm; jyóemjzpfwJh
udpöukd &SifwkdY bmrS tcGihfaumif;,lp&m rvkdbl;/ 'Dudpöu &SifwkdYeJYtqHk;xdvnf; rqkdifbl;/ &SifwkdYukd cspfp&mvnf; rvkdbl;? rkef;p&mvnf; rvkdbl;}}
]]r[kwfygbl; omom&,f.../ wpfckckawmh a&G;yg}}]][kwfw,f acrm.../ cspf&ifvnf; cspf? rcspf&ifvnf;...}}rkd;ausmfpum;ukd 0if;Ekdifu xyfum 0ifajymonf/ acrmeJY
omomu wpfa,mufukdwpfa,muf MunhfvkdufMuonf/]]'gqkdvnf;...&SifwkdYukday;r,hftajzu...'gyJ}}acrm pum;qHk;onfESihf olYeHab;u 0if;EdkifrsufESmukd
ukwfypfvkdufonf/ 0if;EkdifuxdwfvefYum rsufESmukdtkyf&if; xGufajy;oGm;onfukd aMumifai;umMunhfaeaom rkd;ausmfukd omomuem;&Gufukd vdrfqGJonf/ rkd;ausmfvnf; 'DawmhrS vefYum xGufajy;onf/ omomESihfacrmu rkd;pkd;wdkYNcHt0rS xGufonftxd vkdufoGm;Muonf/
½kwfw&uftjzpfaMumihf rk d;pkd; pdwfvGwfvufvGwf &,fvkdufrdonf/ odkYaomf...&,foHu rkd;pkd;wpfoHwnf;r[kwf/ rdk;pkd;vSnhfMunhfawmh vkdtyfonfxuf ydk&,faeaom wifatmifrif;odrf;udk awGU&onf/
wpfOD;wnf;&,foHawGuRHxGufoGm;ojzihf wifatmifrif;odrf;xdwfvefYum &,foHawGukd &yfypfvkdufonf/ rkd;pkd;ukd vSnhfMunhfawmholYukd rsufarSmifusKHUumMunhfaeaom rkd;pkd;udk awGU&\/
]][m...r[kwfbl; rkd;pkd;.../ uRefawmf...[kdav...}}]]xm;ygawmh.../ &Sihfukdawmh ½kd;om;wJhvlvkdY uRefr oabm
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
200 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xm;Edkifvdrhfr,f xifygw,f}}rkd;pkd;\ tNyHK;ESihf pum;aMumihf wifatmifrif;odrf;ESvHk;om;
rSm EGrf;&dacGusumoGm;&if; rdk;pkd;ESihfcyfvSrf;vSrf;wGif 0ifxkdifvkdufrdavonf/w
ww
.fore
vers
pace
.com
.mm
ZGwf 201
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ué eué eué eué eué e
a&TuJu oljzpfcJhorQukd twdwfESihf ol qufjzpfcsifaomtem*wfukd tm;vHk;wifavQmufNyD;onftxd q&mawmfhrsufESmxm;rSm wnfNidrf&ihfusufaom yuwdNidrf;csrf;rIukdom awGU&onf/a&TuJ tm;rvkdtm;r&jzpfum olYaemufqHk;pum;ukd 'kwd,tBudrfxyfumavQmufonf/
]]q&mawmfbk&m;.../ wynhfawmfukd cGihfvTwfyg bk&m;}}]]t[rf;.../ at;av.../ vlYb0rSm aevkdY vlYtjzpfBuHK
&wm tqef;awmh r[kwfbl; 'umBuD;/ b,fb0ukdyJ&& tusKd;eJYtaMumif;udkrS owå0gawG rvGefqefEkdifMubJukd;.../ w&m;twkdif;om &Sdapawmh...}}
]]wifyghbk&m;...}}wifyghvkduf&aomfvnf; a&TuJ&ifxJrSm rauseyf/ &Gmwkef;
uvdk BudrfvHk;rqGJ? uGrf;n§yfysH a&mufrvmonhftwGuf pdwfxJrSmwpfckckvkdaeovdk cHpm;&onf/
]]uJ...'umBuD;.../ reufjzef OD;yÍöif; jyef<uawmhrSm...}}]]wynfhawmfvnf;...vkduf...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
202 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rvdkawmhbl; 'umBuD;/ &Gmu wGJbufausmif;uav;utckqkd...tv,fwef;ausmif;BuD;jzpfoGm;NyD/ 'umBuD; qGJcefYq&mvkyfp&mrvkdawmhatmif q&m? q&mrawG jynhfpHkoGm;NyD}}
]]'gqkdvnf; wynhfawmf t&Sifbk&m;ausmif;rSmyJ aeNyD;0wfBuD;0wfi,f jyKyg&ap bk&m;}}
q&mawmf acwåwdwfumoGm;onf/ a&TuJ armhMunhfawmhq&mawmfrsuf0ef;awGxJrSm ckdifrmaomwnfMunfrIukd awGU&\/
]]rvkdawmhbl; 'umBuD;/ OD;yÍöif; &GmjyefNyD; udpö0dpöjywfwmeJYawmxGufawmhrSm.../ &[ef;[m &[ef;udpöom toihfavQmufqHk;vkdYOD;yÍöif; qHk;jzwfvkdufNyD}}
]]r[kwfao;ygbl; t&Sifbk&m;/ wynhfawmfu b,folYtm;udk;&rSmwkef; bk&mh/ b,foleJY ae&rSmwef; bk&m;}}
]][Jh.../ ukd,hfukd,fukd,f tm;ukd;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xm;cJhwJhw&m;tqHk;treJY aeaygh/ NyD;awmh ynmudk&Sm? wefzkd;&Sdatmif toHk;cs/ 'umBuD; OD;yÍöif;tem;rSm aevJ ESpfOD;ESpfzuf tusKd;ykdwkd;vmp&mr&Sdbl;/ 'umBuD;b0 wkd;wufzkdY &efukefNrdKU[m taumif;qHk;ae&mjzpfovdk OD;yÍöif;b0 &[ef;yDozkdYvnf; awm[m taumif;qHk;ae&myJ/ ukdif;...oHa,mZOfawG r½IyfMueJYawmh/ 'umBuD; jyefawmh...}}
a&TuJ &ifxJrSm vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ 0rf;enf;um rsuf&nfusrdavonf/ rdzvkd ½kdaocJh&aom...? aus;Zl;&Sifvdk jrwfEkd;cJh&aomq&mawmfbk&m;uvnf; olYukd xm;cJhawmhrnf...wJh/ wif;xm;cJhorQ ajzavQmhcsvkdufaom a&TuJ\idkoHukd q&mawmfu yuwdonf;cHum qdwfqdwfaeawmfrlonf/
]]wynhfawmfukd 'umBuD;vdkY bmhaMumihf ac:w,fqkdwm
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 203
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ukd...w...ynhf...awmf odygNyDbk&mh.../ aemufqHk;tcGihfta&;awmhay;ygbk&m;/ wynfhawmf reufjzeftwGuf qGrf;ukd ukd,fwkdifuyfyg&ap bk&m;...}}
]]udkif;...udkif;...&Sdap.../ uJ...jyefawmh 'umBuD;/ vlYb0qkdwm tNrJwrf; wpfa,mufwnf;ygyJ/ ynmeJY,SOfaom ukokdvf?oDv? bm0emom tazmf&Sdw,fqkdwm rSwfawmh/ uJ...jyefawmh}}
a&TuJ ½IdufBuD;wiifukd ikd&if;...½kdaojrwfEkd;pGm OD;oHk;Budrfcsvkduf&avonf/
q&mawmfhausmif;u xGufvmawmh a&TuJ&ifrSm [mvm[if;vif;jzpfvsuf&Sdonf/ odkYr[kwf vGwfvyfayghyg;um aeavonf/ t&ifwkef;u q&mawmf[laom taESmiftzGJUESihf oHa,mZOfonf olYtay: tkyfrkd;aeum tNrJxdef;odrf;cJh&onf/ olvkyforQt&mtm;vHk; q&mawmhftwGufomjzpfonf/ q&mawmhfqE´ESihfn§dum aecJh&onf/ tckawmh q&mawmfu olYukd oHa,mZOfjzwfoGm;NyD/
q&mawmfu ]]oHa,mZOf jzwfMupdkY}} [laom pum;wpfcGef;ESihf ol oHa,mZOftNyD;jywfoGm;jcif;awmh r[kwf/ ol q&mawmfukd olYb0 touf&Sifaeoa&GU owd&aernfom? jrwfEkd;aernfomjzpfonf/ odkYaomf...olonf vGwfvyfoGm;NyD/
n&dyfOD;vrf;rrSm oGm;vmaysmf&TifaeMuonhf vlawGukda&TuJ ai;umMunhfaerdonf/ ol vlawGMum;xJ0ifNyD; xkdvlawGESihfzGJUpnf;xm;aom vlYavmuukd &ifqkdif&awmhrnf/ oGm;vmaeMuaom vlawGtm;vHk;xJ wkd;0ifvkdufawmh olY&ifxJrSm cHpm;csufwpfrsKd;&onf/ vlawGukd olcspfvmaom cHpm;rIjzpfonf/
NyD;awmh...rdk;pkd;/ olY&ifxJ eihfumoGm;\/ cspfoljzpfaepOfu
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
204 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
cspfolrSef; rodcJh&/ rkef;awmhrSyif w&m;0if od&onf/ tcktcsdefrSmol rkd;pkd;ukd t&rf;awGUcsifaeonf/ omom? acrm? wifatmifrif;odrf;? 0if;EdkifESihf rkd;ausmf.../ tm;vHk;ukd ol awGUcsifaerdonf/
a&TuJ vltkyfMum;xJu wkd;um xGufvdkufonf/ 'Dnawmh taqmifukd jyef&OD;rnf/ reufjzef q&mawmfhukd aemufqHk;tBudrf qGrf;uyf&OD;rnf r[kwfvm;/
taqmi fa&mufawmh wpfa,mufwnf; q&mawmftaMumif; awG;vkduf? rkd;pkd;taMumif; awG;vkdufESihf ol awmfawmfESihftdrfraysmf/ olYpdwfonf b,fae&mrSmrS twnfrus/ aemufqHk;t½kPfwufcgeD;usrSom ouf&SdtawG;rsm;rS cPvGwfajrmufcGihf&onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 205
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]ppfukdif;rif;om;ukd r,fEkeJY zsufcsifawmh aqGawmfrsKd;awmfawGu MuufrSmt½kd;? vlrSmtrsKd;vdkY ajymMuw,f/ 'Dawmh r,fEkuMuufrSmtjrpf? vlrSmtcspf...qdkNyD; ppfukdif;rif;om;udk olYbufygatmif pmcsKd;wmuG}}
pmoHayoHuav;jzihf csD;usL;um tjrpfwHk;wpfwHk;ukd vufvSrf;aom olYa,mufsm;vufukd tDwGefYyGefu 'eftkd;zHk;ESifh ½kduf&if;...
]]r,fEkvufxufwkef;u ref;usD;&Gufu EkEkuav;vkdY roHk;&bl;/ ref;usD;&Guf xGwfw,fvkdYyJ oHk;&w,fr[kwfvm;/ 'Dawmh&Sif ref;usD;&GufxGwfxGwfokyfuav;eJYyJ pm;ayawmh}}
]]rdef;ruvnf;uGm.../ tjrpfuav;ESpfwHk;avmufawmhxm;vkdufyg/ olwkdYvnf; odrSmr[kwfbJeJY/ rif;ukd ig ckd;ajy;wkef;ua&Tbkef;wdkYtdrfu Muufom;awG csufauR;wm rSwfrdao;vm;}}
]]vmvkyfraeeJY/ oleJY&Sif ckd;jrnf;wmawGeJY tJ'gaMuNyD/rEIdufeJYvdkY ajymaewm r&bl;vm;}}
a&TuJ qkdifa&SUa&mufaewmukdyif owdrxm;EkdifbJ [if;tdk;vkaeaom tDwGefYyGefwkdY vifr,m;ukd Munhfum a&TuJ NyHK;rdonf/tDwGefYyGef xkwfqD;wkd;um wm;aeonhfMum;xJu MuuftjrpfwpfwGJu vGihfceJygoGm;\/ ukd&J0if;u MuufrSmtjrpf vlrSmtcspf...[k atmfum tdrfay: wufumajy;onf/ tDwGefYyGefu rausyGJETJ&efvkdufzkdYjyif\/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
206 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]tefwDtD.../ [if;vnf; a&mif;ygOD;Asm}}]]aMomf...a&TuJ/ olvkyfwmeJY 0,folawmif rawGUawmhbl;/
a&mif;ae 0,faewkef; EIdufpm;wmavmuf rkef;wm r&Sdbl;}}tDwGefYyGefu xHk;pHtwkdif; tD&if; uRwfuRwftdwfukd qGJum
bJOwpfvHk;ukd xnhf&efjyifonf/]][m...bJOrxnhfygeJY/ Muufom;xnhf/ &ifyHkxnhfAsm.../
NyD;awmh...ig;Muif;aMumfESyfuav;/ csOfa&[if;a&m &Sdw,fr[kwfvm;}}
]]tHr,f.../ 'DaeY a&TuJwkdY w,f[kwfaeygvm;a[h/a&Ta*gif;ajymifeJY ig;z,f[if;&nf r[kwfawmhbl;aygh}}
a&TuJ NyHK;umaevkdufonf/ q&mawmfbk&m;ukd aemufqHk;'getjzpf [if;aumif;aumif;eJY uyfvkdufcsifygonf/ xkdpOfrSmyif...
]]tefwDtD.../ bm[if;awG usefao;vJ}}rkd;pkd;/a&TuJwpfukd,fvHk; wkefumoGm;onf/ rkd;pkd;ESihf acrm/ NyD;
awmh...0if;Ekdif/ odkYaomf oHk;a,mufpvHk;u a&TuJukd *½krpkduf/pum;rajym/ rkd;pkd;u a&TuJ&Sdaewmudk odyHkyifr&ovkd &Sdonf/
rodwmawmh vHk;0rjzpfEkdifyg/ rkd;pkd;u a&TuJeHab;em;rSm&yfaejcif;jzpfonf/
]][if;awGuawmh tpHkyJ rkd;pkd;a&.../ bm[if;,lrvJ}}rkd;pkd;u [if;tkd;awGukdom ta&;wBuD; vSefMunhfaeonf/
a&TuJ &ifxJ qpfceJ emumoGm;\/ ol tomyif cyfa0;a0;odkYa&TUum &yfay;vdkufygonf/
]][if;u avmufyghrvm;awmif rodbl;/ vlESpfq,fpmavmufvkdwm tefwDtD&JU/ tukefom xnfhvkdufawmh}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 207
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]][if.../ tukef,lrSm.../ 'D...ykpGefxkyfESpfaumifa&m}}]]xnhfaygh tefwDtD&JU}}]]ig;Muif;aMumfESyfeJY qDysHa&m...}}]]aMomf...tefwDtDuvnf;/ wpfqkdifvHk;u[if; tukef
0,fygw,fqkdrS...&Sdwmtm;vHk;xnhf/ NyD;&if aps;wGuf}}omomu pdwfr&SnfpGm 0ifajymonf/ NyD;awmh ygvmaom
ig;qihfcsKdifhBuD;ukd qkdifay: wifonf/ 'DawmhrS a&TuJ vefYum0ifajym&onf/
]]tefwDtD.../ uRefawmfhMuufom;eJY ig;aMumfESyf}}]]aMomf...at;...at;}}]][m.../ tJ'gqkd b,f&awmhrvJ tefwDtD&JU/ 'D[if;eJY
awmif avmufyghrvm;rodwm.../ uRefrwkdYxJom tukefxnhfyg}}]]olu wpfyGJpmcsnf;xJyg rkd;pkd;&JU/ NyD;awmh...rdk;pkd;wkdYeJY
twlwl...}}]]rwlbl;/ 'D[if;tukefr&&ifvnf; xm;vkdufawmh/ ESpfqkdif
oHk;qkdifoGm;&r,fhtwlwl wjcm;qkdifrSmyJ oGm;0,fawmhr,f}}]][m...rkd;pkd;uvnf; tJ'Dvkdawmh rvkyfygeJY/ cufwmyJ}}wpfaeukef xkdifa&mif;&rnhf[if;ukd wpfxkdifwnf;0,frnhf
vlrsKd;ukd tefwDtDwGefYyGef vufrvTwfcsifwm aocsmygonf/ odkYaomfa&TuJudkvnf; b,fvkdvkyf&rSef;rod jzpfaeonf/
]]uRefawmfu t&ifa&mufwmyJAs/ xnhfAsm...}}]]tJ'gawmh rodbl;/ tukef&rSjzpfrSm tefwDtD.../ uJ...
b,fvkdvkyfrSmvJ}}omomu olYudkrMunhfbJ ajymonf/]][kd...'Dvdkvkyfygvm; a&TuJ&,f.../ 'Dwpf&ufawmh
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
208 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
rQpfaMumfeJY ig;csOfokyfuav;yJ pm;vkdufawmhaemf.../ ig;csOfokyfu yifpdrf;uav;eJY tkyfNyD; okyfxm;wm/ arT;...vdkY}}
]][m...tefwDtDuvnf;/ tukef,lygr,fqkdrS...tJ'D[if;awGyg ,lrSm}}
]][if.../ 'D[if;awGyg ,lrSm.../ [kwfvm;}}tefwDtDu 0rf;omtm;&jzpfum ig;qihfcsKdifhukd aumufum
ukdifonf/ a&TuJtwGuf tajctaeraumif;rSef;odojzihf acgif;ukdiHkYum awmif;yef&awmhrnf/ odkYaomf awmif;yefpum;ukd rkd;pk d;vufcHrSmr[kwf/ rkd;pkd;odaom pum;ESihfom ajymzkdY a&TuJ qHk;jzwfvkdufonf/
]]'D...[if;u uRefawmfpm;zkdY r[kwfygbl;Asm/ q&mawmfbk&m;twGufyg/ q&mawmfukd qGrf;uyfrvkdYyg}}
'Dpum;udkawmh rkd;pkd; aumif;pGmem;vnfum olYudk cGihfvTwfNyD; q&mawmfhtwGuf qGrf;[if;ay;Ekdifvdrhfrnf[k a&TuJ xifygonf/ odkYaomf...
]]uRefrwdkYvnf; ta&;BuD;wmyJ tefwDtD.../ r&vdkY rjzpfbl;/ uJ...xnhfyg}}
]]uJyg a&TuJ&,f.../ tefwDhudkvnf; ulnDwJhtaeeJY eihfBuD;a&T qkdifukdyJ ajy;vkdufygvm;.../ aemf...a&TuJ/ aemufaeYusaocsmcsefxm;ygr,f[m...}}
tefwDtDhpum;qHk;awmh rkd;pkd;u rJhNyHK; NyHK;avonf/ a&TuJ&ifxJrSm eihfumoGm;\/ rkd;pkd;onf olYudkwifr[kwf? q&mawmhfukdyg *½krxm; rkef;wD;oGm;NyDvm;.../ a&TuJ tHukdBudwfum csmceJvSnhfxGufcJhonf/
a':BuD;a&Txrif;qkdif&m vrf;udkauGUawmh acrmESifhrdk;ausmf
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 209
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
wkdYukd csKdihfESihf awGUvdkuf&\/ olwkdYuvnf; rac:.../ a&TuJuvnf;*½krpkduftm;yg/ q,fem&DcGJNyD;NyDrdkY q&mawmftwGuf [if;&a&;uomta&;BuD;avonf/
]]ckeuyJ...csKdifheJY wpfqkdifvHk;&Sdwm 0,foGm;NyD a&TuJ&JU}}a':BuD;a&Tpum;aMumihf ol &ifqkdYumoGm;\/ acrmESihf
rkd;ausmfwkdYudk jyefowd&onf/ xkdudpöonf wkdufqkdifrIvm;? wrifvkyfwmvm;/ a&TuJ ililBuD;&yfum pOf;pm;aerdonf/ wrifwumr[kwfqkdwmukd a&TuJ ,HkMunfvkdufonf/ ol q&mawmhfukdqGrf;uyfrnfqkdwm b,folrS rod/ rkd;pkd; odrnfqkdvQifawmiftefwDtDqkdifrSm ol zGifhajymwmyJ&Sdrnf/ odk Yaomf awGa0aeírNyD;/ q&mawmhfqGrf;udpö &Sdao;onf/
olwdkYtaqmifem;rSm 'DESpfqkdifr&SdvQif [if;xrif;qkdif ukefNyD/vSnf;wef;ukd ajy;rS &awmhrnf/ em&DukdiHkYMunhfawmh q,fem&Dav;q,hfig;/
vSnf;wef;buf xGufrnfvkyfNyD;rS q&mawmf<uvmvQiftaqmifydwfxm;aom olYwHcg;ukd awGUírjzpfao; qkdonfukdpOf;pm;um taqmifbuf jyefajy;&jyef\/ taqmifa&mufawmhol qGrf;[if;oGm;0,faMumif; pmukda&;um q&mawmf acwåxkdifoDwif;oHk;&ef cHkukd wHcg;tjyifodkY a&TU/ pmukd wHcg;rSmuyfumxGufcJh&onf/ a&TuJwpfukd,fvHk; acR;awG &TJumaeonf/
q&mawmfr<ucif olt&ifjyefa&mufa&;twGuf olYrSm&SdpkrJhpkykdufqHukd ESajrmraeawmhbJ uuiSm;oGm;&ef qHk;jzwf&onf/jrefcsifumrS uuum;u awmfawmfESihf iSm;ír&/ olESihf cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSwfwkdifrSmom vkdif;um;awG wpfpif;NyD;wpfpif; xkd;&yfumae\/aemufqHk; a&TuJ qHk;jzwfcsufvkdufonf/ xGufump um;ay: twif;
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
210 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
ajy;um vkduf&\/[if;awGukdifum taqmifvrf;xJa&mufawmh q,hfwpfem&D
q,frdepfyif &S daeNyD/ q&mawmfbk&m; usdef;ao<uavmufNyD/NyD;awmh...BudKqkdolr&Sd/ taqmifa&SUrS cHkwGif oDwif;oHk;um apmihfaevdrhfrnf/ awmfawmfrzG,f&maomtjzpfrSef; odaomfvnf; a&TuJbmrS rwwfEkdifawmh/
taqmifukda&mufawmh cHkay:rSm q&mawmhfukd rawGU&/a&TuJ xdyfceJjzpfumoGm;onf/ q&mawmhftpm; pmwpfapmifukdom awGU&\/
ù«³Þ«Üåù«³Þ«Üåù«³Þ«Üåù«³Þ«Üåù«³Þ«Üåù«³®®¼µå°µ¼å©µ¼Ç¬¼®º«µ¼ ªµ¼«º½Ö¸§¹ñù«³®®¼µå°µ¼å©µ¼Ç¬¼®º«µ¼ ªµ¼«º½Ö¸§¹ñù«³®®¼µå°µ¼å©µ¼Ç¬¼®º«µ¼ ªµ¼«º½Ö¸§¹ñù«³®®¼µå°µ¼å©µ¼Ç¬¼®º«µ¼ ªµ¼«º½Ö¸§¹ñù«³®®¼µå°µ¼å©µ¼Ç¬¼®º«µ¼ ªµ¼«º½Ö¸§¹ñ
vufa&;u q&mawmhfvufa&;tppfjzpfrSef; a&TuJ odygonf/
bmawGjzpfukefoenf;/a&TuJ aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYpGmjzihf [if;xkyfykdufum vkduf&
onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 211
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
a&TuJ rkd;pkd;wkdYNcHayguf0udk a&mufwmh tdrfxJrS <uvmaom q&mawmhfukd awGUvkduf&ojzihf a&TuJ wkefvIyfpGmjzihf ajy;umajray:yif xkdifOD;cs&if;...
]]t&Sifbk&m;/ wynhfawmf...w...ynhf...awmf}}]]qGrf;udpö NyD;cJhNyD 'umBuD;/ OD;yÍöif; tckyJ um;*dwfqif;awmh
r,f/ 'Dtdrfu 'umu um;eJY vkdufykdYvdrhfr,f/ uJ...OD;yÍöif; tNrJajymcJhwJh qHk;rpum;eJY OD;yÍöif;ay;cJhwJh ynmtodeJY aecJhawmh}}
]]wynhfawmf vkdufykdYyg&ap bk&m;...}}]]oHa,mZOfqkdwm rjrifuG,f&mu jzwfwm taumif;qHk;
yJ/ ukdif;...&Sdapawmh/ OD;yÍöif; <uawmhr,f/ vlYb0rSm vlYtodeJYvlYwefzkd;&Sdatmifae 'umBuD;/ tJ'g...OD;yÍöif; aemufqHk;pum;yJ}}
q&mawmhfajctpHkukd xdatmif &Sdck d;vkdufojzihf a&TuJrsuf&nfpawG q&mawmhfajctpHkukd xdoGm;onf/ a&TuJ awmfawmfESihf rxEkdif/ vlrSef;oduwnf;u rdzvdkaecJh&aom q&mawmfonfb,fvkdpdwfrsKd;ESihf olYukd olpdrf;wpfae&mrSm xm;&pfEkdifcJhoenf;/
a&TuJ armhvkdufawmh wifatmifrif;odrf;wkdYu NyHK;umolYukd MunhfaeMu\/ wifatmifrif;odrf;? 0if;Ekdif? rkd;ausmf? omomESihf acrm/ NyD;awmh...o&zDESihf ausmfpkd;/
]]wdkY raeYu nuwnf;u q&mawmhfausmif;ukd a&mufwm/ a&TuJ/ rif;txGuf igwkdYta&mufyJ}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
212 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]rif; awmfawmfyifyef;oGm;ovm; a&TuJ}}]]bmukdvJ...}}]]q&mawmhf qGrf;udpöav...}}]]qGrf;udpö/ ig bmrSem;rvnfbl;}}0if;Ekdifu olwkdYa&m rkd;pkd;wkdYyg q&mawmfbk&m;ausmif;odkY
oGm;um a&TuJudpöukd avQmufMuaMumif;/ q&mawmhfukd a&TuJaemufqHk;qGrf;uyfrnfhudpöukd xkdaeYuwnf;u odcJhaMumif;/ xkdYaMumihfwrif [if;awGtukef0,fjcif;jzpfaMumif; ajymjyonf/
]][m...tJ'g bmjzpfvdkY vkyfwmvJ}}]]cGD;yJuGm...rif;uvnf;/ rif; 'ku©a&mufatmifvkdYayghuG}}rkd;ausmufu a'gowBuD; 0ifumajymonf/ olYukd &Sif;jyae
csdefrSm omomESihfacrm r&SdMuay/]]ig 'ku©a&mufawmh bmjzpfrSmrkdYvJuGm...}}]]'guawmh rif;'ku©a&mufrS aysmfr,hfol &SdvkdYaygh...}}o&zDhab;rSm&yfaeaom ausmfpkd;u 0ifumajymonf/ NyD;
awmh...rsufESmukd armhum pum;ukd qufonf/]]rif;u 0ifupGufaumifeJY wlw,f a&TuJ.../ tcktcsdefrSm
rif;tay:,H c½kcGHu tcGmcHvkduf&NyD/ aumif;uifjym&JUt&dyf xifaewJh '&GwfwkdufaumufaMumif;yJ/ rif;rsufvHk;u tJvfbwfum;AsL;&JUrm;qkd;rsufvHk;rsKd;awG/ ykd;wHk;vHk;uav;awG[m tdyf,muEkd;awmhvdyfjymuav;awG jzpfoGm;r,fqkdwmukd rodwJh tdyfrufrsKd;eJY rif;aecJhw,f/ rif;[m uHMur®mukd...}}
]]ukdukd&,f awmfygawmh/ tJ'D pmawG&GwfwJhtusihfutckxd raysmufao;bl;vm;/ olYbmomol ½IyfaewJhudpöukd xyf½Iyfatmif rvkyfygeJYawmh/ oGm;oGm; udka&TuJ.../ rkd;pkd;wdkY yef;NcHxJrSm
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 213
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
&Sdw,f}}wifatmifrif;odrf;u ar;qwfum jyojzihf a&TuJ [if;
xkyfuav;ukdifum yef;NcHbuf avQmufcJhonf/ q&mawmhfukdrdk;pkd;wkdYyJ qGrf;uyfvkdufMuonf/ NyD;awmh olYukd 'ku©a&mufatmifvkyfwmwJh.../
a&TuJ...awG;&if;awG;&if; oabmaygufumvmonf/ rkd;pkd;\ tefwDtDqkdifrSm awGUwkef;u NyHK;cJhaomtNyHK;ukd od&onf/'DvkdqkdvQif rkd;pkd;onf...
yef;NcHxJu rkd;pkd;wkdYxkdifaeaom 'ef;uav; aemufrS&yf&if;a&TuJ Nidrfum rkd;pkd;ukd ai;aerdonf/ cPMumawmh aemufodkYvSnhfMunhfaom acrmu a&TuJukd awGUoGm;um ]]aMomf...}}[k a&&Gwfum rJhNyD; x&yfonf/ omomuvnf; vSnhfumMunhf\/ rdk;pkd;uawmh vSnhfrvmyg/
]]rdk;pkd;u uRefawmhfukd wrifyifyef;atmif 'ku©ay;wmqkd...}}a&TuJ acgif;ukdikHYum avoHwkd;wkd;jzihf ar;onf/]]trav;.../ &Sif 'ku©a&mufwmu enf;enf;yg/ 'DrSm
aeylBuD;xJ [if;qkdifawGajy;&? tdrfa&mufawmh xnhf&? yef;uefawGaq;&? vSnf;&? usif;&eJY wu,f'ku©a&mufNyD; yifyef;wmuuRefrwkdYygawmf...}}
acrmu a'goESifhqkdonf/ rdk;pk d;uawmh bmrSrajym/a&TuJukd vSnhfvnf; rMunhf/
]][kwfygw,f acrmeJYomom&,f.../ acrmwkdY tckvkdyifyef;oGm;atmif tBuHay;rdwmu uRefawmfwkdYyg/ 'Dawmh acrmwkdYuRefawmfwkdYESpfa,mufukd rkef;csif&ifvnf; rkef;vkduf.../ 'grSr[kwf&ifvnf;...}}
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
214 eDukd&J
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
]]vmjyefNyDvm; 'Dpum;...}}omomu ajy;xGufum 0if;EkdifrsufESmukd ukwf[efjyif
onf/ acrmu xD;ESihf rkd;ausmfukd vkduf\/ 0½kef;okef;um;ESihfyef;NcHxJrSm ywfajy;vTm;aeMuaom olwkdYukd Munhfum a&TuJESihfrkd;pkd; NydKifwl &,fvkdufrdMuonf/
NydKifwl&,frdrSef; odoGm;ojzihf rkd;pkd;u &,foHukd &yfypfvkdufonf/
a&TuJ 'efuav;tem;ok d Y uyfumvmonf/ 0ifawmhrxkdif&Jao;/ rkd;pkd;u rsufESmxm;ukd wrifwnfíxm;onf/
todrdwfaqGwpfOD;rSr&Sdaom &efukefNrdKUBuD;xJrSm q&mawmfu olYudk bmhaMumihf pdwfcsufvufcs xm;oGm;onfqkdwmudk a&TuJaoaocsmcsmodoGm;NyDjzpfonf/
MunfEl;rIu a&TuJ aoG;aMumxJ wkd;0ifvmonf/ rkd;pkd;ukd ai;Munhf&if; &efckefoHu [kd;ta0;rS oJhoJhwkd;wkd; ajy;0ifumvmonf/ wjznf;jznf;ESihf xkd&ifckefoHonf wpfpp us,favmifvmum t&SdeftjrihfqHk;atmfjrnfoHESihf a&TuJESvHk;om;ukd jzwf0ifum oGm;\/
a&TuJ 'ef;uav;eHab;odkY 0ifxkdifum rkd;pkd;u rsuf0ef;axmihfuyfum Munhf\/ a&TuJ qHk;jzwfcsufukd tjrefcsum pum;vHk;awGukd tvQiftjref a&G;&onf/ odkYaomf...a&TuJ ADZtwkdif;a&G;vkdufonhf pum;vHk;awGu cyfwHk;wHk;yif jzpfygonf/
]]ZGwfBuD;ajymw,fawmh rxifygeJY rkd;pkd;&,f.../ uRefawmfrkd;pkd;ukd t&rf;BuD;ukd cspfygw,f...}}
a&TuJ tm;,lNyD;ajymvkdufojzihf olwkdYESpfOD;xkdifaeaom'ef;uav; vIyfcgoGm;onf/
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m
ZGwf 215
aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwkduf
xkdYtwl a&TuJ\ pum;½kd;½kd;BuD;uvnf; rdk;pkd;\ arQmfvihfaeaom ESvHk;om;ukd 'DwpfBudrfawmh vIyfcgoGm;rSm aocsmygonf/
eDukd&J
ww
w.fo
reve
rspa
ce.c
om.m
m