Mitochondria Rod- shaped Two membrane: Outer membrane Inner membrane The latter is greatly folded with stalked particles. Inner membrane encloses a fluid- filled matrix.(can be found a few circular strands of DNA,70S ribosomes and enzymes used in Krebs cycle). Abundant in cells which are metabolically active.(Ex:skeletal muscle cells, spermatozoa,liver and pancreatic cell.) Sites of cellular aerobic respiration. The matrix contains enzymes of the Krebs Cycle. The highly folded cristae increase the surface area for the electron transport chain reaction.The energy released is harnessed in the synthesis of ATP use by energy-consuming activities of the cell. DNA in the mitochondria enables the mitochondria to replicate during cell division. Chloroplast Large plastids found only in the photosynthetic tissues of plant cell. These are the double-membrane bound organelles. site of photosynthesis It(grana & thylakoid membrane) provides large surface area for chlorophyll & accessory
Mitochondria Rod- shaped Two membrane: Outer membrane Inner
membraneThe latter is greatly folded with stalked particles.Inner
membrane encloses a fluid-filled matrix.can be found a few circular
strandsof !"#$%&' ribosomes and en(ymes used in )rebs
cycle*.#bundant in cells which aremetabolically acti+e.,x:skeletal
muscle cells$ spermato(oa$li+er and pancreatic cell.* 'ites of
cellular aerobic respiration. The matrix contains en(ymes of the
)rebs -ycle. The highly folded cristaeincrease the surface areafor
the electron transportchain reaction.The energy released is
harnessed in the synthesis of #T. use by energy-consuming
acti+ities of the cell. !"# in the mitochondria enables the
mitochondria to replicate during cell di+ision.-hloroplast /arge
plastids found only inthe photosynthetic tissues ofplant cell.These
are the double-membrane bound organelles.0as a system of membranous
flattened sacsthylakoids* stacked to form granawhere chlorophyll is
located*.Intergranal lamella connectsone thylakoid of a granum to
another granum. The fluid outside the thylakoid site of
photosynthesis Itgrana 1 thylakoid membrane* pro+ides large surface
area for chlorophyll 1 accessory pigments to be located 2 traps
light energy 1 carry out production of #T. 1 "#!.0 stroma 2 has
en(ymes tocarry out light-independent reaction-al+in cycle* forming
high energy organic molecules such as 3 sugar moleculesis the
stroma-entriole 4ound in animal cell only./ocated outside of
nucleus.aired cylinders with a 56& pattern of microtubular
triplets. #ct as organisers of microtubules spindle fibres in+ol+ed
in the separation of chromosomes or chromatids during cell
di+ision. !i+ide to produce basal bodies from which flagella and
cilia de+elop.some cell*Microtubules 0ollow tube-ontains two types
of globular proteins$alpha and beta tubulin.-ontinually
polymerising and depolymerisingcause changes in the length of
microtubules 7i+e shape1mechanicalsupport to the cell. 'er+e as
tracks for intracellular mo+ement of organelles or +esicles. Main
component of ciliaand flagella in the cell motility. -omponent of
spindle fibres in+ol+ed in separation of chromosomes during cell
di+ision. Role in cell wall formation.Microfilaments /ong$ thin$
contractile rods8-% nm in diameter* that appear to be responsible
for the mo+ement of cells both external and internal
mo+ement*.Microfilament consists of two intertwined strands of
actin-omposed of one9two typesof protein-actinfound in skeletal
muscles as thin filaments* 1 myosinfound in skeletal muscles as
thick filaments* -omponent of cytoskeleton 7i+e shape1support to
the cell. Role in cellular mo+ements #ctin and myosin filament are
needed for muscle constraction. -onstriction of filamentscauses
clea+age and furrow formation in cytokinesis of animal cell
