MISS. HANNA’S CLASSROOM RULES 1. “My students never fail. I believe in you and so shall you!” – Miss. Hanna’s Quote!

2. Come to class on time.

3. Bring a positive attitude.

4. Come prepared and bring your books and notes.

5. Stay on task.

6. Complete work on time.

7. Pay attention and don’t talk while the teacher is talking.

8. Listen carefully.

9. Raise your hand to ask a question.

10.Work quietly.

11.No personal grooming, electronics which will disturb the class and other students who are working.

12.Respect personal space.

13.Ensure chairs and tables are in order before leaving class.

14.Be kind with your words and actions.

15.Respect, obey and follow all school rules and personal property.

16.Work in a safe manner.

I appreciate and thank all my students for their

effort in respecting and keeping up with our

classroom rules!

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A video 1 for you

Basic Pneumatic

A video 3 for you

A video 2 for you

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Answer the in-class worksheet provided

Think, Pair, Share – in class activity

Module Objectives 1. Define pneumatics and fluid power.

2. Identify the common uses of pneumatic systems.

3. Identify the main advantages of a pneumatic system.

4. Identify the main disadvantages of a pneumatic system.

5. Understand how to construct a pneumatic circuit.

6. Explain the structure and signal flow of a pneumatic

system

Module 1: Introduction to Pneumatics

(1 week)

Basic Pneumatics

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Module Contents

1 Introduction

2 Applications of Pneumatics

3 Advantages and disadvantages

4 Signal flow in Pneumatics

5 Pascal’s law

6 Supplementary resources

7 References

8 Worksheet

Introduction to Pneumatics

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What Does the word Pneumatics Mean?

The word Pneumatics comes from the Greek word pneuma, which means

'breath or wind'. It is basically the use of under pressure gas that helps

in performing a certain work in science and technology.

Definition of pneumatics

Pneumatics is the transmission and control of forces and movements

by means of compressed air. (The use of compressed air as a medium

to do work).

What is the fluid power?

Fluid power is the energy transmitted and controlled by means of a

pressurized fluid, either liquid or gas. The term fluid power applies to

both hydraulics and pneumatics. Hydraulics use liquids (oil or water)

under pressure while pneumatics use compressed air or other neutral

gases.

Applications (Uses) of Pneumatics

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Pharmaceutical Manufacturing:

Tablet coating

Aeration for oxidation processes (e.g. lactose)

Food & Beverage Processing:

Filling and capping

Fermentation

A heavy duty pneumatic

jackhammer

Car services filling machine

Machining and Industrial processes

1. Drilling

2. Turning

3. Milling

4. Sawing

5. Finishing

6. Forming

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Other Pneumatic Systems Applications

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Advantages

1. Air is available everywhere in unlimited quantities.

2. Air can be easily transported in pipelines, even over large

distances.

3. Compressed air can easily be stored in a reservoir/tank.

4. Exhaust air is clean.

5. Cost is relatively inexpensive.

Disadvantages

1. Compressed air requires good preparation. Dirt and

condensates should be removed.

2. Variable speeds. As air is compressible; it is difficult to

achieve uniform and constant piston speed.

3. Low Forces compared to Hydraulics.

Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatics

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Pneumatic systems consist of an interconnection of different groups

of elements.

These groups of elements form a control path for signal

flow, starting from the signal section (input) through to the

actuating section (output).

Control elements control the actuating elements in

accordance with the signals received from the processing elements.

Structure and signal flow of pneumatic systems

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Primary levels of the pneumatic system

Compressor: a pump which compresses air,

raising it to a higher pressure, and delivers it to the

pneumatic system (sometimes, can also be used

to generate a vacuum).

3/2 Directional Control Valve (Normally closed

type)

Directional valves: controls the flow of

pressurized air from the source to the selected

port.

Actuator: converts energy stored in the

compressed air into mechanical motion. A

linear piston is shown.

Check valve (ie of non-return valve):

valve that allows pressurized air to enter the

pneumatic system, but prevents backflow (and loss

of pressure) into the compressor when it is

stopped.

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Practical example on pneumatic elements signal flow

Drawing on the board

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From the Hydraulics course:

“The pressure in a confined fluid is transmitted equally to the whole surface

of its container”

Accordingly, the pressure at any point in a body of fluid is the same in any

direction as shown to the right.

Pascal’s Law

Mathematical formula

P = F / A Where:

P is the pressure in Pascal (Pa)

F is the force in Newton (N)

A is the cross sectional area in m2

Notes:

1 bar = 100000 Pa

1 Kg force = 10 Newton

1 m2 = 10000 cm2

Example 1

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Calculate the Extension force

of the pneumatic cylinder

shown to the right.

Given:

Piston area (A) = 0.03 m2

Pressure (P) = 6 bar

Solution

F = P × A

F = (6 × 100000) × 0.03 =

18000 N

= 1800 Kg

Homework

always due at end of each module always due next class

• HM1 -Worksheet 1 at the end of

module 1

• HM1 - Worksheet 2 – posted on

weebly

• Prepare for Module 2 – possible

pop quiz on module 2.

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Further reading & References

For further reading, you can use the following links:

1- www.Fest-didactic.com

2- http://www.eng2all.com/vb/t28932.html

3- http://www.logiclab.hu/lesson.php?fe=2

Supplementary recourses

1- Pneumatics video from Festo.

2- FluidSIM software.

References

1- Festo manuals and workbook TP101

2- Festo manuals and textbook TP101

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