Mir Space StationMir Space Station

Presented By: David GarnettiPresented By: David Garnetti

Brief History of MirBrief History of Mir

The first space shuttle docked with The first space shuttle docked with Mir in 1986Mir in 1986

Completed construction of space Completed construction of space station in 1996station in 1996

Continuously occupied until August Continuously occupied until August 19991999

Fell out of orbit in March 2001Fell out of orbit in March 2001

The PurposeThe Purpose

Mir translates into “peace” “world” Mir translates into “peace” “world” “village”“village”– Literally Mir refers to the Russian peasant Literally Mir refers to the Russian peasant

own land granted by the Edict of own land granted by the Edict of Emancipation of 1861Emancipation of 1861

To perform zero gravity experimentsTo perform zero gravity experiments To make observations of earth, space, To make observations of earth, space,

and biological effects of prolonged and biological effects of prolonged space flightspace flight

Peaceful world collaborationPeaceful world collaboration

Mir’s ModulesMir’s Modules Core: Living quarters and station controlCore: Living quarters and station control Kvant I: Observed physics of spaceKvant I: Observed physics of space Kvant II: Crew showers, earth and Kvant II: Crew showers, earth and

biological experimentsbiological experiments Kristall: Semiconductor and biological Kristall: Semiconductor and biological

experimentsexperiments Spektr: Living and work area for American Spektr: Living and work area for American

AstronautsAstronauts Priroda: Earth remote sensingPriroda: Earth remote sensing Docking Module: Safe stable port for space Docking Module: Safe stable port for space

shuttlesshuttles

Mir’s LayoutMir’s Layout The station resembled four school The station resembled four school

buses connected to each other at 90 buses connected to each other at 90 degree angles with a two more degree angles with a two more sections perpendicular to the other sections perpendicular to the other fourfour

Mir Core ModuleMir Core Module

Launched Feb. 1986Launched Feb. 1986 13.1 meters long; 20.4 tons, 90 cubic 13.1 meters long; 20.4 tons, 90 cubic

meters habitable volumemeters habitable volume Contained primary living and working Contained primary living and working

area, life support and power, as well as area, life support and power, as well as the main computer, communications the main computer, communications and control equipmentand control equipment

one docking port for space craft and one docking port for space craft and four radial berthing ports, set at 90 four radial berthing ports, set at 90 degreedegree

Kvant IKvant I

Launched 1987; 4 by 13 meters, 11.5 Launched 1987; 4 by 13 meters, 11.5 tons, 40 meters pressurized volumetons, 40 meters pressurized volume

Attached to the Core Module Attached to the Core Module Provided research in the physics of Provided research in the physics of

galaxies, quasars, and neutron stars galaxies, quasars, and neutron stars – measured electromagnetic spectra and x-measured electromagnetic spectra and x-

ray emissions. ray emissions. Also supported biotechnology Also supported biotechnology

experiments experiments

Kvant IIKvant II Launched 1989; 4.3 by 13.7 meters; Launched 1989; 4.3 by 13.7 meters;

19.6 tons; 61.3 cubic meters; and 19.6 tons; 61.3 cubic meters; and 27.4 meter solar array27.4 meter solar array

Enhanced drinking water and oxygen Enhanced drinking water and oxygen provisions, motion control systems, provisions, motion control systems, power distribution, and contained power distribution, and contained washing facilitieswashing facilities

Provided biological research and Provided biological research and earth observationsearth observations

Kristall ModuleKristall Module

Launched 1990; 4.3 by 11.9 meters; Launched 1990; 4.3 by 11.9 meters; 19.5 tons; 60.8 cubic meters; 36 19.5 tons; 60.8 cubic meters; 36 meter solar arraymeter solar array

Developed biological and materials Developed biological and materials production technologies in the space production technologies in the space environment. environment. – semi-conductors, cellular substances semi-conductors, cellular substances

and medicines.and medicines. Supported astrophysical and Supported astrophysical and

technical experimentstechnical experiments

Spektr ModuleSpektr Module

Launched 1995; 4.4 by 12 meters; 19.5 Launched 1995; 4.4 by 12 meters; 19.5 tons; 62 cubic meters; 4 solar arraystons; 62 cubic meters; 4 solar arrays

American living quarters of MirAmerican living quarters of Mir Contained 1600 lbs of U.S. equipmentContained 1600 lbs of U.S. equipment Mainly used for earth observation of Mainly used for earth observation of

natural resources and the atmosphere. natural resources and the atmosphere. Also supported biotechnology, life Also supported biotechnology, life

sciences, materials science and space sciences, materials science and space technologies researchtechnologies research

Priroda ModulePriroda Module Last Module; Launched 1996; 4.3 by Last Module; Launched 1996; 4.3 by

13 meters; 19 tons; 66 cubic meters13 meters; 19 tons; 66 cubic meters Mainly used for earth remote sensing Mainly used for earth remote sensing

– weather; ocean-atmosphere systems; weather; ocean-atmosphere systems; land, mineral and crop conditions; land, mineral and crop conditions; mankind's impacts and opportunities in mankind's impacts and opportunities in the environment. the environment.

Also collected info from buoys in Also collected info from buoys in nuclear power, seismically nuclear power, seismically dangerous, and other zones, dangerous, and other zones, – to create an integrated monitoring and to create an integrated monitoring and

warning system warning system

Docking ModuleDocking Module

Allowed for a space shuttle to dock Allowed for a space shuttle to dock safely with the stationsafely with the station

Attached to the end of the Kristall Attached to the end of the Kristall sectionsection

SoyuzSoyuz

Length 7 meters; 7100 kg; 10 cubic Length 7 meters; 7100 kg; 10 cubic metersmeters

Manned spacecraft that can ferry up Manned spacecraft that can ferry up to three crewmembers to and from to three crewmembers to and from Mir.Mir.

Can be used as an escape pod for Can be used as an escape pod for the crewthe crew

Progress Supply VehicleProgress Supply Vehicle

8 by 2.7 meters; 6.6 cubic meters; 8 by 2.7 meters; 6.6 cubic meters; can carry up 2500 kg of suppliescan carry up 2500 kg of supplies

Unmanned, automated version of the Unmanned, automated version of the SoyuzSoyuz

Designed to supply the space stationDesigned to supply the space station

Finished Space StationFinished Space Station

Was the largest spacecraft with total Was the largest spacecraft with total weight of 250 tonsweight of 250 tons

The size of six school busesThe size of six school buses Avg. Speed: 17,885 mphAvg. Speed: 17,885 mph Orbited approx: 250 mi. above the earthOrbited approx: 250 mi. above the earth Housed over 100 cosmonauts, Housed over 100 cosmonauts,

astronauts, and international crew astronauts, and international crew members members

Over 75 space walks; 325+ hoursOver 75 space walks; 325+ hours

Achievements of the MirAchievements of the Mir

16,500 experiments16,500 experiments 600 new technologies600 new technologies Stayed in orbit for 15 yearsStayed in orbit for 15 years

– 3 times its planned lifetime3 times its planned lifetime 16 orbits everyday16 orbits everyday

– Approx: 87,600 total orbits Approx: 87,600 total orbits

Achievements of the MirAchievements of the Mir

First crop of wheat to be grown from First crop of wheat to be grown from seed to seed in outer spaceseed to seed in outer space

Provided data on the biological Provided data on the biological effects of long term space flighteffects of long term space flight– Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov spent 438 Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov spent 438

consecutive days in spaceconsecutive days in space MEEP: Mir Environmental Effects MEEP: Mir Environmental Effects

PayloadPayload

Flaws and AccidentsFlaws and Accidents

Never was able to maintain a adequate Never was able to maintain a adequate system for the stowage of refusesystem for the stowage of refuse

Towards the end of operations Mir Towards the end of operations Mir would experience power outages and would experience power outages and environmental fluctuations “regularly”environmental fluctuations “regularly”

June 1997 a Progress shuttle collided June 1997 a Progress shuttle collided with the Spektr modulewith the Spektr module– Spektr became decompressurized and had Spektr became decompressurized and had

to be sealedto be sealed

The Deorbit of MirThe Deorbit of Mir

With a failing Russian economy and With a failing Russian economy and construction of the International construction of the International Space Station, Russia decided to Space Station, Russia decided to deorbit Mirdeorbit Mir

Mir fell into the South Pacific near Mir fell into the South Pacific near New Zealand on March 23, 2001New Zealand on March 23, 2001

After MirAfter Mir

Currently the International Space Currently the International Space Station is manned and orbiting the Station is manned and orbiting the earthearth

SourcesSources

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/spacecraft/s-mir.htmshuttle-mir/spacecraft/s-mir.htm

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/

mir.htmlmir.html

Questions?Questions?