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Minnesota First Detectors
Complimentary materials
Wood with Sirex wood wasp damage Wood with other wood wasp damage (if we
can find this at U of MN). Adult and larval Sirex wood wasps Adult non-target wood wasps Wood with pine sawyer damage Adult and larval pine sawyers
Minnesota First Detectors
Wood wasps / Horntails
1 to 1.5 inches long “Horn tail” and lack
narrow “waist” 23 species in US
and Canada 2 on hardwood,
21 on softwood 19 native, 4 exotic
Schiff et al. 2006
Schiff et al. 2006
Minnesota First Detectors
Which insect is a wood wasp?
N. W
rig
ht,
FD
AC
S, B
ug
wo
od
.org
G.
Alp
ert
, H
arv
ard
Un
iv.,
Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
F. &
K. S
tarr
, U.S
. GS
, Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
Minnesota First Detectors
The Sirex Woodwasp
The Female The Male
K. E. Zylstra
● 1 to 1.5 inches long
● Dark metallic blue-black body
● Legs reddish-yellow, feet black
● Antennae entirely black
Similar to females, but…
● Middle portion of abdomen
orange
● Hind legs black
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Which insect is the Sirex wood wasp?N
.Wri
gh
t, F
DA
CS
, B
ug
wo
od
.org
PD
IL,
Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
PD
IL,
Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
The Larva
● Creamy white
● Legless
● Dark spine at tip of abdomen
Minnesota First Detectors
Siricids are commonly referred to as horntails because of their cornus on the posterior end
Currently, there is no morphological key for siricid larvae and a molecular key is being developed by the USFS.
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Which larva is a wood wasp?
S.
Kin
els
ki,
, B
ug
wo
od
.org
H.
Pa
se
III
, T
ex
as
F.S
., B
ug
wo
od
.org
D.
Ca
pp
ae
rt,
MI
Sta
te U
niv
., B
ug
wo
od
.org
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
Finely packed frass in the tunnel
K. E. ZylstraWhen you cut through the tree sometimes you can see where you cut through a gallery
Minnesota First Detectors
Larval Galleries
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
Larval galleries
Minnesota First Detectors
Adult male chewing his way out…
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Symptoms of Attack
Resin beads Browning/thinning
crown Woodpecker
damage Exit holes
***The Sirex wood wasp can attack living trees, while native wood wasps attack dead or dying trees***
Minnesota First Detectors
Resin Beading Looks Different On Different Pine Species…
Red PineScots Pine White Pine
Resin beadsK. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Infested Scots Pine
K. E. ZylstraK. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Infested Red Pine
K. E. Zylstra
K.
E.
Zyl
stra
Minnesota First Detectors
Infested White Pine
K. E. ZylstraK. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
Exit HolesPerfectly circular, size ranging from 1/8 to 3/8 inch diameter
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
Minnesota First Detectors
Which holes are Sirex wood wasp
exit holes?
J.
Ho
dg
e,
Un
iv.
of
Ke
ntu
ck
y,
Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
D.
Ha
ug
en
, U
.S.
F.S
., B
ug
wo
od
.org
R..
Bil
lin
gs
, T
X F
.S.,
Bu
gw
oo
d.o
rg
Minnesota First Detectors
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra