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“Mining and the Environment: Challenges of Sustainable
Development”
Presentation to the Portfolio Committee on Water and
Environment
5 November 2014
Presentation outline
Roles and Responsibilities
Conclusion
About the Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines Response
Historical and Current Context
About the Chamber of Mines
• To be the VOICE OF MINING, providing the advocacy role to its members
• To be a catalyst for industry performance improvement (e.g. environment, safety and health) – putting the house in order
• Deal more effectively with legacies of the past
• Develop a positive contribution model, by putting South Africa first
Other commoditiesASA MetalsASPASAClay Brick AssociationCorobrikDeilmann Haniel (Redpath)Delta MiningG&W Base and Industrial MineralsImerys South AfricaMurray & Roberts CementationPPCRandgold & ExplorationSA Mining Contractors’ AssocShaft SinkersVametco Mineral Corporation
Some new membersJindalVMCILRiversdaleVergenoegd MiningAmava Mining Tshipi e NtleGiyani Gold 4
4
Financial corporationsAnglo American CorpAfrican Rainbow MineralsBarrick African GoldBHP BillitonMvelaphanda ResourcesRio Tinto (Richards Bay Minerals)Coal mining Anglo Coal Division BHP Billiton Energy Coal Coal of Africa Continental CoalExxaroJindal MiningKangra Group Kuyasa Mining Optimum CoalSasol Mining SiyandaTotal CoalTweewaters Fuel Umcebo MiningXstrata Coal
Chrome MiningSamancor ChromeXstrata AlloysDiamond miningDe Beers ConsolidatedNamakwa DiamondsPetra DiamondsSA Diamond Producers Organisation (SADPO)Trans Hex GroupGold miningAngloGold AshantiDRD GoldGold FieldsHarmony Gold MiningRand UraniumIron OreKumba Iron OrePlatinum miningAnglo American PlatinumImpala PlatinumLonmin PlatinumNorthamRoyal Bafokeng Plat
Members of the Chamber of Mines
Presentation outline
Roles and Responsibilities
Conclusion
About the Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines Response
Historical and Current Context
Historical and Current Context
•Critical but contradictory role
- Mining is an integral part of South Africa, and politics heavily influences the sector and its
players. Politics and mining feed on each other, and each political wave has brought its own flavour of
changes to the mining industry. These political waves influences the way mining does business.
•Negative Legacies
- Labour relations, socio-economic, occupational health and safety issues
- Environmental footprint: water (including AMD) , land, soil, biodiversity
- Regulatory inadequacies and corporate policies
LEGISLATION
Mines & Works Act Mining Rights Act Minerals Act MPRDA (No. 27 of 1956) (No. 20 of 1967) (No. 50 of 1991) (No. 28 of 2002)
Formal closure No env. man. Strengthening through Strict reg. of env.
fencing of sites regulations env. man plans (EMPs) EMPs & MWPs
No detailed provision On surface rights Brought about change Concept of sustainable dev.
MPRDA & NEMA (As amended)
EIAs, EMPs & EMPr
Environ. Management
Historical and Current Context, Cont..
cont.)
•Positive Legacies
- Discovery of minerals led to the creation of new towns
- Demand for minerals led to the building of RSA’s economic infrastructure, manufacturing/engineering capacity and financial services (e.g. roads, rail network, water and electricity infrastructure)
- Demand for skills lead to the establishment of learning and research institutions (e.g. Wits University, SAIMR)
- Essentially served as the backbone of RSA’s economy and facilitator of its development
Metals and minerals in a Smart Phone
• Copper (16 grams) ¹• Silver (0.35 grams) ¹• Gold (0.034 grams) ¹• Palladium (0.015 grams) ¹• Platinum (0.00034 grams) ¹• Ceramic magnetic switches
containing rare earths ²• Indium²• Titanium dioxide ²• Indium tin oxide ²
• ¹ source – USGS http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3097/• ² source – NRC critical minerals report
Metals and Minerals in a car
• 960kg iron &steel
• 109kg Aluminum
• 22.7kg Carbon
• 19 kg Copper, 34kg for a
hybrid
• 19kg Silicon
• 11 kg Lead
• 10kg Zinc
• 7.7kg manganese
• 6.8kg Chromium
• 4.1kg Nickel
• 0.3 kg Platinum
•+Antimony, barium, beryllium, cobalt, gallium, gold, magnesium, molybdenum, neodymium, indium, palladium, •Sulphur, rhodium, silver, strontium, tin, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium.
Even a Wind Turbine uses a significant amount of metals and minerals
• 335 tons of steel
(chrome included)
• 4.7 tons of copper
• 13 tons of fiberglass
• 3 tons of aluminum
• 1,200 tons of
reinforced concrete
Even the cosmetics and makeup are made from minerals
• Talc
• Mica
• Kaolin
• Calcite
• Titanium dioxide
• Zinc oxide
• Silica
• Limestone
• Aluminum
• Phosphate
• Fluoride
• Titanium
• Mica
• Petroleum
Even a bright smile, even comes from mining…….
Presentation outline
Roles and Responsibilities
Conclusion
About Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD
Historical and Current Context
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD
• Industry was instructed by DWA to develop a long term sustainable solution.
• In response to government instruction the mining industry achieved the following:
- Establish Section 21 companies, which is WUC
- Contract WUC to develop solution (R65million)
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD, Cont…
• In response to government instruction the mining industry achieved the following:
• The mining industry through WUC submitted the First Class Feasibility Study and Stakeholder Engagement which essentially entails the following:
• Definition of the scale of the AMD problem – qualities and quantities
• Multiple Options considered
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD, cont..
• Detailed Feasibility Study undertaken
• Risk Assessments
• Extensive Regulator and Public engagement
• Permitting advanced to approval of Final Scoping- E.I.A Report
• WULA ready for submission
• Government solution - participation was by invitation
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD, cont..
• The mining industry has also contributed significantly to government short, medium and long term interventions on AMD.
– Far Western Basin
Rand Uranium/Gold One (Pump and treatment facility)
– Central Basin
• Central Rand Gold ( Submersible Pumps)
• DRD Gold ( Pumping Infrastructure
• Chamber of Mines participate in Inter Government Forum on AMD regarding immediate, short term and long term management of AMD
Chamber of Mines Response to AMD, cont..
• Prevention of future negative legacies
- COM and DWA formal liaison forum
- Development of Best Practice Guidelines i.e. Water Conservation and Demand Management, series of water resources management guidelines.
- Individual companies implementing the regulatory requirements i.e. NWA, MPRDA, NEMA etc
• Initiatives in response to IMC report
- Technical input into DWA implementation processes
Presentation outline
Roles and Responsibilities
Conclusion
About the Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines Response
Historical and Current Context
Roles and Responsibility
•Mine Water Managemento Ownerless and derelict mine sites- responsible party is the
State – explore opportunities for private sector participation
o Authorisation holders impacted by extraneous water- authorisation holder with State assistance
o Authorisation holders
- sole responsibility
•Lessons from mature mining jurisdictions: Institutional arrangements and approaches
Presentation outline
Roles and Responsibilities
Conclusion
About the Chamber of Mines
Chamber of Mines Response
Historical and Current Context
Conclusions
• Innovative approaches to legacy sites;– Search for win-win solutions
e.g Emalahleni Water Treatment Plant, WUC proposal
– Regulatory flexibility• Improved environmental performance
– Social license to operate – mining companies– Monitoring and enforcement - State
• Obligations of gov depts to cooperate and align regulatory process
» end
