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8/14/2019 Minimum Energy Efficiency Motor Standards - what do they mean to you.pdf
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Confidential / Property of Danfoss Drives A/S
IEC 60034IEC 60034 -- Electric Motor StandardsElectric Motor Standards
Minimum Energy Performance StandardsMinimum Energy Performance Standards
what do they mean to you?what do they mean to you?
Helge Vandel JensenHelge Vandel Jensen
8/14/2019 Minimum Energy Efficiency Motor Standards - what do they mean to you.pdf
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Introduction
New standards have been developed by the
International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC) that will effect the sales of highefficiency motors across the globe.
Motor technology has advanced significantlyover the last few decades.
We will see more and more high-tech, high-end energy efficient motors ready tocontribute to lower greenhouse gases anddirect the market towards energy optimisedapplications.
IEC has worked together with NEMA, CEMEP,JEMA, IEEE and many other internationalorganizations to harmonize testing standards,efficiency classes and subsequent labelsnecessary to recognize high efficient productsin the market.
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Motor Energy Efficiency Today
Motors used worldwide today in industry can
be much more energy efficient.
For example, in European Industry, motorsconsume 70% of electricity.
Equal to 1,067,000,000,000 kWh annually.
Causing 427,000,000 tons of CO2 emissions.
New IEC standards will help enable apotential savings of 20 30% via the use offrequency converters.
Possible savings in 2020 for the EU alone:
135,000,000,000 kWh
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EU Directive 2005/32/EG
The EU directive 2005/32/EG Eco-Design
Requirements for Energy Using Products (EuP),approved by member states in March 2009, wasinstrumental in the development of the newInternational standards from the IEC.
The Directive outlined a group of products:Lot 11 - Electric motors (0.75-375 kW) as the
focus for new motor efficiency standards.
Lot 11: Electric motors (0.75-375 kW) definesMinimum Efficiency Performance Standards(MEPS) for motors in the range:
Nominal Voltage (UN) to 1000V Nominal Output Power (PN) 0.75 - 375 kW Either 2, 4 or 6 poles Continuous duty operation (S1) or intermittent
duty operation of greater than 80% (S3) Capable of operating directly on-line.
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Lot 11: Electric Motors (0.75-375 kW)
The Lot 11 criteria are based on the understanding that AC, three-phase induction motorsover 0.75kW constitute the large majority of motors sold worldwide.
Allocation of the saving potential by installed motors in the industrial sector.(Installed capacity multiplied by the average efficiency improvement)
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Harmonization of Standards
To enable recognition of high efficient products
in the market place, IEC has worked togetherwith NEMA, CEMEP, JEMA, IEEE and many otherorganizations to harmonize:
1. Testing Standards
2. Efficiency Classes
3. Labels
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International Standards and Regulatory Bodies.
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IEC Standards
There are two main standards developed by IEC that from 2009 dominate energy efficiencyclassification of motors worldwide.
IEC 60034-30:2008 IEC 60034-2-1:2007
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IEC 60034-30:2008
This standard defines global energy efficiency
classes for single-speed, three phase, 50Hz and60Hz, cage induction motors.
The defined IE classes are:
IE 1 = Standard Efficiency
IE 2 = High Efficiency
IE 3 = Premium Efficiency
IE 4* = Super Premium Efficiency
IE4 defines products that are not commercially
available yet and may not include AC inductionmotor design.
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IEC 60034-2-1:2007
This standard outlines methods for determining
losses and efficiency from tests with moreaccuracy than before.
For example the eff1, eff2 and eff3 classificationas defined by IEC 60034-2:1996 through anagreement between the EU and CEMEP,measured values that compared to the new
standard are:
~ 2-3% different for motors up to approx. 10 kW~ 1% different for motors up to approx. 100 kW
Note:
CEMEP = European Committee of Manufacturers ofElectrical Machines and Power Electronics.http://www.cemep.org
IEC 60034-2:1996 defined older methods used forover 100 years for determining motor efficiencyand will become obsolete in Nov. 2010.
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Future Nameplate Data
In future with the new standards, we will seemotor labels with data such as:
For example: IE3 94.5 %
Indicating the efficiency class and motorefficiency, tested according to IEC 60034-2-1at nominal load.
This will be printed by the manufacturer on themotor nameplate as shown in the example andis to be stated in the written productdocumentation and catalogues.
It will also be recommended to report theefficiencies at 50 % and 75 % nominal load inthe product documentation as these will berequired to calculate the energy demand whenthe motor is operated in part load.
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Efficiency Calculations
Efficiency can be easily measured bymeasuring electrical input power andmechanical output power and comparing thetwo.
In induction motors there are five mainsources for losses:
Stator and rotor winding losses
Mechanical losses due to friction andventilation.
Iron hysteresis and eddy currents
Parasitic currents in the stator and rotor ironlamination, housing, shaft and end shields.
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Efficiency Calculations
There is no straightforward way to measure alllosses.
Generally, total losses are most accuratelydefined by measuring all sources independentlyunder load and no-load conditions.
More than 20 different test facilities from
manufactures and independent laboratoriesfrom around the world have been used tooptimise the test procedures withinIEC 60034-2-1.
These tests will be revised over time.
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Comparison of eff to IE.
Calculation of efficiency of the IE classes is
according to IEC 60034-2-1:2007.
Permissible values of the IE classes wereadjusted according to the older eff classes.
Example: a 4-pole motor with 2,2 kW
eff1 (=86,4%) is comparable with IE2(=85,3%)
IE classes via the new standards have beenoffered from the beginning of 2009.
The older efficiency class eff will still bevalid, but will lose importance.
-IE4*
(Super Premium)
10-15% better
than IE 2
IE3
(Premium Efficiency)
Comparable eff1IE2
(High Efficiency)
Comparable eff2IE1
(Standard Efficiency)
eff classesIEC 60034-30
* IE4 defines products that are not
commercially available yet and may not
include AC induction motor design.
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MEPS according to EU directive 2005/32/EGMEPS =Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards, that are incorporated by the IEC standards.
IE3Or
IE2 + VSD0.75 375 kW
From
01.01.2017
IE3Or
IE2 + VSD
7.5 375 kWFrom
01.01.2015
IE20.75 375 kWFrom
16.06.2011
Note:
Branch organisations and private companies were able to influence thedevelopment of the EU Directive by proving that VSDs can greater increaseapplication efficiency than by improving motor technology alone.
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Implemented Minimum Efficiency Standard by Region.
Applied
Applied
IE1
AppliedAustralia
Planned from 2010/11AppliedUSA
>45 kW Applied