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Mineral Formation 11/20/153-3 pgs. 68-71
•IN: Why are minerals important?
Put your Lab on the books
How do Minerals form?• Almost all minerals can be found in the Earth’s
crust• Some minerals formed when a giant star exploded• Some minerals form here on the Earth• They form in many different environments under
different physical and chemical conditions– Temperature, pressure, chemicals, water
Why are Minerals Important?
• Rocks are made of minerals.
Example,
• Granite– A rock composed of feldspar, mica, and quartz.
FeldsparMica Quartz
Mineral Classification
• Minerals are classified by their chemical composition.–What they are made of–Where they formed
Two Types of Minerals
• Silicates–Contain oxygen and silicon–Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
• Nonsilcates–Do not contain oxygen and silicon–Make up less than 10% of the Earth’s crust
Properties of MineralsProperties of Minerals• Color• Luster• Streak• Cleavage and Fracture•Hardness•Density• Special Properties
What is mined?Ore – a mineral deposit large
enough and pure enough to be mined for profit.
MiningMining•Mineral ores are nonrenewable
resources.
MiningSurface mining – the removal of
minerals or other materials at or near the Earth’s surface.
MiningDeep mining – the removal of
minerals or other materials from deep within the Earth.
Responsible Mining• Reclamation – the process of
returning land to its original state after mining is completed.
Mica• Shiny and soft• Separate easily into sheets
Unique Minerals
Unique Minerals
Halite• Tastes salty
Unique Minerals
Magnetite• Magnetic
•OUT: What are some ways we could reduce our need for mining?