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Flight Simulator X

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Flight Simulator X Game Guide 2 / 51

Copyright © Gry-OnLine.pl for Gamepressure.com. All Rights Reserved. All trademarks, brands, logos and images are copyrighted by their respective owners. This document or any of its part may not be reproduced, modified or merged with other documents. More game guides at http://guides.gamepressure.com

Table of Contents: Index .................................................................................................................................................3 Navigation .........................................................................................................................................4

Exemplary flight: Mooney Bravo.........................................................................................8 Cockpit ..............................................................................................................................................8 Cruise..............................................................................................................................................11 In the aircraft ... ...............................................................................................................................13 Time for the engine start-up ............................................................................................................16 Taxiing.............................................................................................................................................17 Time to go up... ...............................................................................................................................18 Flight ...............................................................................................................................................20 Preparation for landing....................................................................................................................23 Landing ...........................................................................................................................................27 Taxiing to stand / parking ................................................................................................................28

Exemplary flight: Boeing 737-800 .....................................................................................30 Aircraft selection..............................................................................................................................30 Flight Planner ..................................................................................................................................31 Weather and fuel.............................................................................................................................34 Preparation......................................................................................................................................35 Taxiing.............................................................................................................................................38 Take-off ...........................................................................................................................................41 Flight ...............................................................................................................................................43 Preparation for landing....................................................................................................................45 Landing ...........................................................................................................................................48 Taxiing & parking ............................................................................................................................50



Index Both tutorial flights were described with rookie pilots in mind. They were strongly simplified,some activities and procedures have been purposely omitted. Please remember that some ATC instructions will vary during the flight and the ATCinstructions, NOT tutorial instructions should be followed.

Index VOR – VOR system (VHF Omnidirectional Range). Consists of the ground VOR station andthe VOR receiver aboard the plane. When navigating with VORs, we can fly towards or from aspecific station and intercept one of its 360 radials. The VOR stations may be equipped withDME (Distance Measuring Equipment), creating VOR/DME system. In this case the onboardVOR receiver can also read the distance from/to the VOR station. ILS – (Instrument Landing System); The system is responsible for guiding the aircraft alongthe optimal landing path. It consists of the horizontal beam (localizer), the vertical beam(glideslope) and markers (distance measuring beacons). The aircraft are equipped with properreceivers being able to read the ILS system signals. Intersection – fixed points in the airspace, usually intersections of airways or other specificpoints, like the point where an airway changes direction. They are defined only bycoordinates. Transponder – the onboard device that sends the “squawk” used to identify planes in theairspace by the ATC. Transponder squawk – 4-digit number set by the crew and emitted by the transponder, which lets the ATC do identify and track the aircraft over the airspace. FMC – (Flight Management Computer). The computer that provides automatic flightguidance. Planned route is stored in its memory and then followed. Continuous aircraft data analysis provides calculations for take-off and landing speeds, estimated time of arrival, theamount fuel after landing, etc. IFR – (Instrument Flight Rules); The pilot flies the aircraft in conformity with instrumentrules, ex. bad or no visibility. ATIS – (Automatic Terminal Information Service); ATIS system provides aircraft crews withmost up-to-date information on the airport organizational issues and weather conditions(wind, precipitation, pressure, etc.) Flight Director – the system shown on display or analogue gauge, which indicated the optimal flight path (vertical and horizontal). Flying with F/D help means the lines form across


Navigation A small navigation guide. NDB (Non Directional Beacon) navigation NDB stations are the simplest navaids, which inform us only about the aircraft location inrelation to the NDB without any information about distance. Navigation is based on flyingfrom one NDB station to another and the information abort reaching the NDB is acquired bychange in the ADF (Advanced Direction Finder) gauge indication – the arrow flips downwards.

ADF gauge indication – aircraft location in relation to the NDB.

As we can see, the ADF shows only the direction to the tuned NDB station.



VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) navigation VOR stations are more precise navaid than the NDBs, because their signal is enhanced withmagnetic north orientation which makes it possible to fly along radials, “rays” going out of the station in all directions. Thanks to it we can plan our route, i.e. fly along the given radialor fly towards the VOR from a given side.

NAV gauge indication – aircraft location in relation to the VOR station.

On the picture above, our course is set to 30, so we’ll fly along the radial 210, because the “ray” comes off the VOR in 210 degrees (course 30 plus 180 degrees is 210 degrees, as theradial leaves the VOR station). In the lower left part we can see three situations (from the right): the aircraft is to the leftfrom the radial 210, it’s on the radial 210 and it’s to the right from the radial 210. Nevertheless, the white triangle points toward the same side as the course arrow head. In the upper right part we have a situation, where the aircraft has already passed the VOR –the white triangle points the opposite way. Additionally it’s to the left from the radial 30. Yes, it’s already radial 30, because that’s the direction of the “ray” coming off the VOR station. VOR navigation is based mainly on flying along radials and intercepting them.



VOR/DME(VHF Omnidirectional Range) navigation VOR/DME is the VOR station equipped with a DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) systemwhich always shows us the current distance to the tuned VOR. The information is shown onthe DME display. VOR/DME stations are the most popular navaids around the world. ILS System (Instrumental Landing System) ILS system is based on VOR station (or VOR/DME) and its task is to help pilots duringlandings by guiding the aircraft along the optimal descent path. ILS system consists of: a) localizer – the outward horizontal beam which helps align the aircraft with the runway; b) glide slope – vertical beam that helps keep the aircraft on an optimal descent path; c) markers – three specific stations (The Outer Marker, the Middle Marker and the InnerMarker), set in front of the runway, which are an additional information about the distancefrom the threshold.

Radio beams of the ILS system.



As we can see, the localizer and the glideslope form a cross. The middle of that cross is thepath the aircraft should follow to land right behind the runway threshold. Decision height is the altitude on which we make a decision whether to continue landing or abort it. The DH can be found on airport approach charts, but if we use the ILS system, themost common DH is 200 feet above the ground level. One of the most useful gauges used in navigation is the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator).Here are three exemplary situations:

We are above the glideslope

and to the left from the runway

We are on the glideslope

and on the localizer

We are below the glideslope

and to the right from the runway

As we can see, the runway centerline is symbolized by the course arrow. If the middle sectiondeflects to the right, then the runway is to the right. Small yellow triangles on both sides ofthe HSI indicate the glideslope. If they drop below the center of the gauge, the glideslope isbelow us. GPS (Global Positioning System) GPS navigation is based on the satellite network around the globe. To navigate, we need aGPS receiver which gets information from 4 satellites and therefore is capable of calculating our position, heading and speed. In Flight Simulator, there is an additional GPS panel which is called by pressing the Shift + 3 keys.



Exemplary flight: Mooney Bravo Cockpit Hi! The following guide will cover the preparations for flight and the flight itself between theairports of Krakow (code EPKK) and Prague (code LKPR). Let me begin with the Mooney Bravo cockpit description. You will not find much differencebetween this cockpit and cockpits of other Flight Simulator’s light aircraft. If you are familiar with this particular cockpit, you may as well skip to the next paragraph. Let’s begin with the main panel.

Main panel.

Gauges of the main panel:

1 – alternator main switch

2 – battery master switch

3 – avionics switch 4 – starter

5 – aerodynamic brakes indicator

6 – warnings indicator 7 – navigation mode switch (NAV or GPS)

8 – real time clock

9 – autopilot master switch

10 – Flight Director switch

11 – marker beacon annunciator lights

12 – DME indicators

13 – autopilot panel 14 – NAV2 Radio 15 – fuel flow gauge 16 – airspeed indicator



17 – turn coordinator 18 – fuel selector 19 – attitude indicator 20 – Horizontal Situation Indicator

21 – standby vacuum pump switch

22 – prop de-ice switch

23 – Pitot heat switch 24 – fuel pump boost switch

25 – elevator trim switch

26 – altimeter 27 – vertical speed indicator

28 – cowl flaps position indicator

29 – cowl flap switch 30 – flap position switch

31 – throttle control 32 – prop control

33 – mixture control 34 – magnetic compass

35 – landing gear lever

36 – rudder trim switch

37 – flap position indicator

38 – manifold pressure gauge

39 – tachometer 40 – rudder trim indicator

41 – rudder trim indicator

42 – fuel tank quantity gauges

Radio and autopilot panel

Radio and autopilot panel.

Press Shift + 2 to open the panel. Radio and autopilot panel comprises the following gauges:1 – audio switches used to listen to various radios and navaids;



2 – COMM1 section - the VHF1 radio section. Left part indicates current frequency, while the right part is used for storing backup frequency. Only that frequency can be edited and thenset current using the arrow buttons. 3 – NAV1 section – radio receiver that is tuned to VOR transmitters. Frequencies are setsimilarly to the COMM1; 4 – COMM2 section - VHF2 radio section, frequencies are set similarly to the COMM1; 5 – NAV2 section — works similarly to the NAV1 section; 6 – DME indicator — left side shows the distance in nm to the VOR, right side shows ourspeed in relation to the VOR. R1 & R2 switches are used to choose the signal source — NAV1 and NAV2 respectively; 7 – transponder panel — the transponder squawk code is stored there using the digits; 8 – autopilot panel — lets you set the required altitude (ALT), vertical speed (VS) that is adjustable with the use of UP and DN buttons, enable the autopilot with the AP button and set HDG, NAV, APR, REV, ALT autopilot modes. Autopilot modes: HDG – the autopilot follows the set heading; HDG – the autopilot follows the NAV course; APR – the autopilot follows the ILS landing system indications; REV – back-course type approach; ALT – altitude change and holding. Lights panel

Light switches.

1 – rotating beacon 2 – taxi lights 3 – strobe lights

4 – recognition lights 5 – landing lights 6 – navigation lights

Rotating beacon light is turned on before the engine start-up sequence and turned off after the engine shutdown. Taxi lights are used during taxiing and take-off. Landing lights areused during take-off and landing. Strobe lights are used before entering the runway andturned off after vacating the runway. Recognition and navigation lights should be turned onincessantly.



Cruise Flight preparations comprise aircraft selection, fueling, router planning and online weatherdownloading. Flight preparation and aircraft selection... The aircraft we are going to select for our tutorial flight will be the single-engine Mooney Bravo with classic panel. While in Free Flight menu, click the Current Aircraft button and select the aircraft and its livery. Pressing the Details buton enables the registration numbers change. In our case it is SP-GOL. After returning to the Main Menu, click the Flight Planner button to create our flghtplan. Choose Krakow Balice (EPKK) as Departure Airport and place the aircraft at Parking 6. Then choose the Prague Ruzyne (LKPR) as the Destination Airport and select the VFR rules flightas well as the VOR-to-VOR navigation. Finally click the Find Route button. The generated flight route runs via two VOR stations - OTA (frequency 117.45) and VLM (frequency 114.30) to the destination airport.

Flight route.



Set the flight altitude to 12000 feet then click the NavLog buton to familiarize yourself with the flightplan details. If you wish, you can print the flightplan by clicking the Print button.

Navigaton Log (NavLog).

The route length is about 225. Our flight should last one our and fifteen minutes andaccording to FS calculations the fuel consumption will be about 120 lbs. Unfortunately thefuel consumption calculation should not be trusted and the result should be multiplied by1.5 and add some extra fuel for taxiing, holding or headwinds. 180 lbs should be optimal in our case, which means that each of the two tanks will be filled with 90 lbs of fuel. The aircraft will be fuelled by simply accessing the Fuel and Payload menu and entering thevalues mentioned above. Now we will set the in-flight weather, which is done in the Weather menu. Let ‘s select the Real-World Weather, which will cause the real world weather is downloaded from theInternet. Then we can choose ”Static” or ”updated every 15 minutes” option. The first option downloads the weather for the beginning of the flight and then it remains static untilthe end. If the second option is selected, the weather is downloaded every 15 minutes whichmakes the flight more realistic assuming that the computer remains online during the wholeflight. We are now ready to fly, so we access the Free Flight menu and click the Fly Now button. After a while we will find ourselves in the cockpit of out aircraft.



In the aircraft ... So we entered the aircraft...

Our cockpit in Cold & Dark mode.

In our case the Cold & Dark cockpit mode is recommended, which means both the avionicsand the engine are shutdown. Such conditions are shown at the picture above. To enter the Cold & Dark mode, shut the engine down using the starter (4), pull the throttle (31), prop (32) and mixture (33) controls all the way back, cut off the fuel with the fuel cutoffswitch (18), switch off all external lights, the avionics (3), the alternator (1) and – last but not least – the battery (2).



We begin with switching on the battery and the avionics, then we switch on the nav lightsand after opening the radio panel, we set the ATIS frequency (126.125). We can tune in the ATIS automatically by opening the ATC window, pressing the accent key (~) and selecting Tune Krakow ATIS on 126.125. In this case the ATIS will inform us that the temperature is –1 degrees Centigrade, the air pressure (QHN) is 3003 (30.03 inHg) and that runway 25 is now the active runway (runwayheading is 255). The pressure is set into the altimeter using the knob located under thegauge. Then we set the Krakow Tower frequency, which is 118.100.

Requesting the flight clearance.



Now we Request IFR Clearance, and are given one. After take-off we are to fly the runway heading (255), climb and maintain 6000 feet and set the transponder squawk to 2274 (that is done automatically in the radio panel). Now we should only read back the clearance byselecting the suitable option in the ATC window (Read Back IFR Clearance).

We are cleared for the flight.

As soon as we are ready, we will request the taxiing clearance.



Time for the engine start-up We begin with enabling the fuel flow, switching on the rotating beacon, the fuel boost pumpswitch and then we push the mixture control all the way in. Now we push the throttle veryslightly and turn the starter key until the engine starts. After the start-up it’s time to switch on tha alternator and to open the throttle a little bit more to warm the engine. After approximately 5 minutes the engine should be warm enough to fly. Now we can request the taxiing clearance.

We are cleared for taxiing.

We are cleared to taxi to the holding point at runway 25 via B3 B4 A taxiways. If we are not equipped with the airport map then it is recommended to use the taxiing aid by selecting theProgressive Taxi option in the ATC window and taxiing over the displayed arrows.



Taxiing So now we switch on the taxi lights, the Flight Director and push the prop control all the wayin. After that we can release the parking brake and begin taxiing. In the meantime we willlower the flaps by one notch and switch on the Pitot heat. We will taxi as far as the runway25 holding point and then we should ask for take-off clearance.

We are cleared for take-off.

As soon as we are cleared for take-off we should switch on the landing lights, strobe lightsand then enter the runway. We should taxi onto the runway centerline to ensure the safetake-off.



Time to go up... In order to take-off we push the throttle all the way in. The aircraft begins to accelerate andwhen the speed reaches 70 knots, we pull the yoke (the stick) begin to climb. At positive rateof climb, raise the landing gear and accelerate to 90 knots. Then raise the flaps and keep on climbing. Now we can switch on the autopilot. Open the radio panel and set our altitude (ALT) to 6000 feet (such altitude was indicated when we requested the flight clearance), press the ALT button and set the vertical speed (VS) to 1000 feet per minute. The autopilot itself is turnedon by pressing the AP button. If heading was not set earlier, then set it to 255 using theknob and press the HDG button.

Radio panel and flight control settings.

We can immediately tune the OTA VOR frequency (117.45) as shown above. The indicateddistance to the VOR is 65,4 nm. Now rotate the course knob to achieve a solid white line and to flip the small white triangle upwards. We will begin to intercept that VOR as soon as thedistance is reduced to 50 nm. The course informs us about the aircraft location in relation to the VOR. Let’s imagine a line connecting the aircraft with the VOR. The azimuth of the line (looking from the VOR) is called the outbound radial. If we add 180 degrees, we receive the inbound radial. The indications shown above inform us that we fly the 250-degree heading. The course is




also set to 250 degrees, the white triangle points upwards and the arrow is almost solid. Itmeans we fly TO the VOR on outbound 250-degree radial, which is the inbound 70-degree radial (250 degrees +/- 180 degrees is 70 degrees). To be more precise, we fly a little bit to theright from the radial, as the middle section of the arrow is moved to the left and doesn’ttouch the end and the head of the arrow.


Flight In the meantime the Krakow Tower should tell us to contact the Departure on 121.075. Weswitch the frequency and confirm the instruction. After a while we receive an instruction to turn left to heading 250 to fly by our ownnavigation and climb to 6000 feet. Turn the heading knob to set 250 degrees. When we areclose to the our desired altitude, we will receive next instruction to climb to 12000 feet. We set that altitude in our autopilot panel. As soon as we cross the altitude of 10000 feet, we canswitch off the taxi and landing lights. When our ascent is complete, we can reduce thrustwith the throttle to approximately 85% to save fuel. When we are close to the Departure area border, we will be redirected to Warsaw Center on127.450. We continue our flight and as soon as we are 50 nm from the OTA VOR, we will intercept andfly toward it. To achieve it we rotate the course knob to make the course indicator arrow assolid as possible. It should indicate the course of about 250 degrees. Now we rotate theheading knob to synchronize it with the course indicator. When the aircraft finishes the turn,we can switch the autopilot mode from HDG to NAV. Now the autopilot will fly the aircraft along the indicated radial. When we cross the Polish – Czech border, we are instructed to contact the Prague Center on118.375.

Crossing the border...



We continue our flight as far as to about 5 nm from the OTA VOR and then change the autopilot mode back to HDG. We set the new heading of 267 degrees (the heading is shownin the Navigation Log) as this heading will bring us to the VLM VOR. When we reach the OTAVOR, we rotate the heading knob to intercept radial 267 FROM the OTA VOR, i.e. to make the yellow arrow solid and flip the white triangle downwards, which means we are flying FROM the VOR.

Flying away from OTA VOR.



After a few miles we can switch the autopilot mode back to NAV. When the aircraft is stabilized, we rotate the heading knob to course indicated by the arrow. We fly as far as to the distance of 50 nm from OTA VOR and then change the autopilot mode back to HDG. Now we change the NAV1 frequency to 114.30, which is the frequency of the VLM VOR. Note, that the white triangle points upwards again.

After switching frequency to VLM VOR and adjusting the gauges.



Preparation for landing We continue flying that heading until we are about 50 nm from the VOR. Then again weswitch the autopilot to NAV mode. Approximately 33 nm away from the VLM VOR we are given instructions for the approach. In our case the controller says we are 69 nm east of theairport, we are to turn right to heading 305 and expect vectors for ILS approach to runway31.

Closing to Prague.

Now we can choose: 1 – Acknowledgement of the specified approach; 2 – Change of landing runway; 3 – Change of type of approach, ex. a visual approach.



We choose our assigned approach and turn right to heading 305. After a while we areinstructed to descend to 4000 feet. We set the autopilot ALT to 4000, making no changes to the vertical speed. During thedescent we have to remember about thrust reduction to avoid too high speed. When we crossthe altitude of 10000 feet, we switch on the taxiing and landing lights as well as set the altimeter to local QNH pressure – in our case it’s 1021 hPa, i.e. 30.15 inHG. In the meantime we can have look at the airport chart. The ILS frequency for runway 31 is109.500 and the runway heading is 305 degrees.

Prague Ruzyne airport chart.



Soon we receive an instruction to change frequency to 124.675 and contact Kbely Approach.The new station redirects us to heading 215. As we are to be vectored to the final approach to runway 31, we can switch the NAV1 radio toILS frequency (109.50) and set the new course to 305. When we are about 19 miles from the airport, we receive further instructions to turn right to 275 degrees, descend and maintain 4000 feet (we should already have reached that altitudeby now) and permission for ILS approach to runway 31 with maintaining 4000 feet until weare established on the localizer (the radial of runway 31). Now we have to contact Ruzyne Tower on frequency 119.700. Note, that approach permission does not mean landing permission!

Permission for landing approach.



As we can see on the picture above, the course arrow sections do not form a solid line. Themiddle section is moved to the left, which means our aircraft is localized to the right of thelocalizer. We should keep flying at heading 275 to make the course arrow solid. After establishing on the localizer we can set the autopilot to NAV mode, which will hold uson the localizer while closing to the glideslope. When two yellow triangles on both sides of theHSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) start to go down, we can press the APP buton on the autopilot panel which will keep us right on the correct path. The glidepath can be compared to an incline that leads the aircraft toward the runwaythreshold. While descending we should reduce thrust to maintain speed of 120 knots.

On the final to runway 31.



Landing When we are about a quarter mile from the runway threshold, we will receive the landing permission, so we begin to reduce speed by further thrust reduction. When our speed dropsto about 100 knots, we lower the flaps by one notch, but along with further speed reductionwe should add more flaps to achieve the full landing flaps configuration. At 90 knots welower the landing gear. We should remember about throttle adjustments, as full landingconfiguration means more drag, so we need more thrust to compensate it and keep 80 knots. When we are close to the runway threshold, we should switch off the autopilot and continueour landing manually.

A little bit to the left from the runway centerline.

As we can see on the picture above, our aircraft is on the glideslope (confirmed by two whiteand two red lights near the runway) but is moved a little bit to the left from the runwaycenterline which means that we have to make some adjustments to find ourselves back on the centerline. We should touchdown with approximately 75 knots or less, depending on our weight andfuel. After passing the threshold we close the throttle and gently set the aircraft on therunway keeping in mind that our vertical speed must not exceed 500 fpm. After the touchdown we gently apply the wheel brakes (“.” key). After landing we should vacate the runway as soon as possible by turning to the right taxiway.



Taxiing to stand / parking After landing we should vacate the runway as soon as possible by turning to the righttaxiway. Now we can switch off the landing and strobe lights and raise flaps. Soon we will receiveinstructions to contact Ruzyne Ground on 121.900. Ground station will give us taxiinginstructions via taxiways L and R. When we are lost, we can use the Progressive Taxi.

Arrows shown by Progressive Taxi aid help us with taxiing.



When we are at our destined parking spot, we switch off the taxi lights, set the parking brake(control + “.”), shut down the engine, all lights as well as avionics and battery.

Our flight is over...

Now we can get out from our virtual aircraft :)



Exemplary flight: Boeing 737-800 Aircraft selection In this part of our tutorial we will fly a Boeing 737-800 from Warsaw to Malmo. We will begin with aircraft selection – Boeing 737-800 in our case. We make the selection inFree Flight and Current Aircraft menus. We can choose any livery.

Aircraft selection menu.



Flight Planner After returning to main Free Flight menu we select the Flight Planner to create our flightplan. We select Warsaw Okecie (EPWA) as our departure airport (gate 24) and Malmo(ESMS) as our destination airport. Now we choose the IFR flight and High Altitude Airwaysas the method of route finding. Click the Find Route button and the program will create our flightplan.

Preliminary flightplan.



As we can see, the proposed route consists of 7 waypoints (4 VORs and 3 intersections).During the flight we will use the GPS system. Aircraft in FSX are not equipped with with theFMC (Flight Management Computer), that controls the aircraft during the whole flight. This iswhy the GPS system is very useful in navigation. Generally we could accept the proposed flightplan, but as our route goes from GRU VOR to ROE VOR - and these are the points of airway UL621 – we can delete the points in-between. Besides, if we want to fly “as real as it gets”, we should also add the EPWA TMA departurepoint, which is IDAKO (IDAKO waypoint is connected with the SID procedure – Standard Instrument Departure. Unfortunately SID/STAR procedures are not available in FSX). Ourmodified flightplan is shown below.

Final flightplan.



Now we set our planned altitude to 32000 feet and click the NavLog button to view the details. The planned route to Malmo is 336 nm long, expected fuel consumption is 716gallons (4798 lbs) and the approximate time we’ll spend in the air is 42 minutes. The navigation log can be printed out. Soon we’ll come back to the fuel consumption.

Navigation Log.



Weather and fuel We have a great freedom in the weather settings section. Let’s select the Real-World Weather(internet connection is required for that selection).

Weather selection menu.

Now we can set any date, season and hour of our flight. Now it’s time to go to the Fuel and Payload section to load our plane with fuel. As mentionedbefore, we should burn approximately 716 gallons (4798 lbs) of fuel. Unfortunately, thesecalculations are hardly true. Let’s use a fuel planner which can be found at the followingwebsite:

http://www.metacraft.com/737NGFP/ According to that planner we should take about 11000 lbs of fuel (it’s approximate, exact values depend on altitude, aircraft weight, speed and direction of wind, etc). So now we enterthe almost doubled value of fuel - 11000 lbs. It means our wing tanks will be filled to about 60% of their capacity, while the central tank will remain empty. The amount of fuel calculated by FSX would be insufficient for our flight! There’s one obvious conclusion: FSX aircraft burn more fuel, than the aircraft specificationssay. It is recommended to fill the wing tanks to about 85% of their capacity and leave the central tank empty. We won’t change anything in the proposed cargo section.


http://www.metacraft.com/737NGFP/


Preparation Now it’s time to click the Fly Now button and get to our cockpit at Okecie airport, gate 24. Aswe can see on the picture below, the FSX has downloaded the current weather.

Bird’s eye view to Okecie airport.

Typically all FSX (and FS2004 as well) aircraft are prepared for flight, which means their engines are running. Beginner pilots don’t have to know all start-up procedures, so we’llleave the engines as they are.



We are in the cockpit. The 737-800 cockpit has been designed as a glass cockpit, which means that traditional analog gauges have been replaced with multifunctional displays.

Request for flight.

The left display shows main flight parameters, such as speed, altitude, horizontal situation (HSI), course, pressure and vertical speed. The middle display works in three available modeswhich are changed using the CTR knob located above the icons that toggle the additionalpanels (these panels can be also toggled by pressing the Shift+2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 keys combination) for radios, GPS, throttle quadrant, upper panel, etc. The CTR knob can switchthe MAP mode (our route), VOR display or ILS displays (Instrument Landing System). Theright display shows the engine operation parameters and fuel quantity. In the beginning we should switch on the navigation lights (NAV) unless they’re already on. The light switches are on the upper panel.



Now, pressing the accent key (~) we open the ATC window. We should now listen to the ATISinformation. We’ll know the runway 33 is the active runway (we can open the map and checkthe runway’s length and direction).

Map of Okecie airport.

Now we set the proper pressure using the BARO knob (30.09 in our case).



Taxiing It’s time to contact Okecie Clearance and ask for the IFR Clearance.

Flight permission akcnowledgement.

The controller instructs us to fly runway heading (329 degrees), climb to 8000 feet and setour transponder to 1634 (this will be done automatically on our radio panel). We should select “Read back IFR clearance” and then contact Okecie Ground (as soon as we are ready totaxi). Before we do it though, we should switch on the taxi lights, set the autopilot course andheading to 328, set the altitude to 8000 feet, speed to 160 knots and lower flaps to 5 degrees (on various websites you can find many operating manuals and checklists for many aircraft,there you’ll find recommended flap configurations for both takeoffs and landings).



Now we contact Okecie Ground and receive instructions to taxi to runway 33 (and holdingbefore entering it) via taxiways: A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, H2, B6, B7, B8. We should push back the aircraft using the Shift + P keys (brakes must be released prior to the pushback). Whenour aircraft is pushed by approximately one length, we stop the pushback pressing theShift + P keys again.

Taxi instructions.



Well, but how to find those taxiways? If you don’t feel like searching for airport charts (because you want to go right away!), we can use the Progressive Taxi aid and follow the taxiing line overlain on the ground.

Taxiing to the runway.

Note the aircraft should not taxi too fast (idle rolling is usually enough).




Take-off When we are at the holding line of runway 33, we switch off the taxi lights and switch on the landing and strobe lights. Now we should have a look at the autopilot panel and switch onthe F/D (Flight Director) which indicates the optimal flight path and arm the A/T (autothrottle). Now we go to the upper panel and turn on the Probe Heat (Pitot tube heating –without it the tube may happen to freeze and our displays will indicate zero speed). The autopilot is already set to the desired altitude and heading, so now we should set themaximum allowable speed of 250 knots. All aircraft must not exceed that speed below 10000 feet. That rule is not used in Flight Simulator, but it’s good to remember about it. So we contact Okecie Tower and receive take-off permission. We can enter the runway andget high! To do it, we fully open the throttles. As soon as our speed reached approximately 145 knots,we gently raise the aircraft nose. When our -800 gets airborne, we raise the landing gear andcontinue our climb at 10-degree nose-up angle (see the horizontal, pink line on the leftdisplay). Now we gradually raise the flaps, switch on the autopilot by pressing the CMD A key and activate our previously set functions: heading HDG (328), speed SPD (250) and altitude ALT (8000 ft). Using the Vert Speed knob we set our vertical speed to +1800. A short while later we contact Warsaw Departure and change our course, using the HDGknob on the autopilot panel. The aircraft starts its turn. If you want the aircraft to be guided by GPS system (our flightplan is stored in its memory),switch the NAV/GPS (on the autopilot panel) to GPS position and press the VOR LOC button (light below the HDG SEL button should go off. If it doesn’t, just click it). When we reach 8000 feet, the ATC gives us new altitude of 14000 feet. So we set the newaltitude on the autopilot panel and keep on climbing. When we cross 10000 feet, we canaccelerate by setting 310-330 knots on the autopilot and switch off the landing lights. Next –according to instructions – we contact Radar frequency. We’ll receive further climbinginstructions – first to FL280, then to FL320. Climbing is controlled with the use of Vert Speed knob (vertical speed should be set between 1000 to 2500 fpm; too high rate mayresult in speed drop). We should also remember, that when we cross 18000 feet, the altimeter should be reset to standard pressure 29.92 (B key) and speed hold mode on the autopilot should be changedfrom SPD to MCH. The information about pressure resetting is included in the Flight Checklist (to open it, click the third panel icon from the left).


The checklist.

Unfortunately the creators of FSX did not remember that the pressure resetting altitude isdifferent in the USA and in Europe. When we reach the cruise altitude – FL320, we can set the Mach speed to 0.79, sit back andrelax.



Flight When we reach the cruise altitude – FL320, we can set the Mach speed to 0.79, sit back andrelax. The GPS system will take care of the navigation (if you want to do by yourself, you have toremain in HDG mode instead of GPS/VOR LOC and set courses manually according to the GPS display). About 51 nm away from VOR ROE we will receive instruction to descend to FL240.

Descending to FL240.



So, we set 24000 on the autopilot. When it’s set, the Vert Speed window will indicate thenegative value (ex. -1800). Of course we can adjust that value but have to keep in mind thattoo high descent rate causes the aircraft to accelerate. If our speed reaches the red field onthe display, we are overspeeding, which means our we fly too fast for the construction of ouraircraft. About 21 nm away from VOR ROE we will be instructed to contact Malmo Center. Further instructions tell us to descend to FL160 (note, that after crossing 18000 feet we needto set the current pressure in the altimeter by pressing B key) and give vectors (turn to 345degrees) that will lead us toward runway 17 of Malmo airport.

Closing to Malmo.



Preparation for landing If the GPS mode is still active (NAV/GPS switch turned to GPS and VOR LOC button depressed), we have to deactivate it by switching NAV/GPS to NAV (upwards) and pressingthe HDG SEL button. Use the HDG SEL knob to set heading 345. We also need to set thespeed holding mode from Mach to IAS and set speed of 300 knots. Now we can pause the game for a while and enter the map. Using the map cursors, we pan itand zoom in on ESMS airport. When the runway is visible, click it. The information windowthat pops up contains information on runway 17 heading (171 degrees) and ILS frequency (111.90 MHz).

ILS runway 17 view.

Now as we know the required data, we can set it in our aircraft. The runway heading is set in Course window of the autopilot and the ILS frequency (111.90) is set in the radio panel inNAV1 section (STBY field, then click the button between the freq displays to make it active).



Here you can see all our settings (course, heading, speed, altitude).

If you feel “lost”, you can switch on the GPS window and check our position.



From that moment on, each flight on that route may be different. In our case we havereceived further descent instructions (up to 2500 ft) and heading changes. We should also remember about systematic speed reduction to fly slower than 250 knotsbelow 10000 feet and about switching on the landing lights below that altitude.



Landing Set the middle display mode to APP (CTR knob). Now we know our location in relation to therunway. In our case, one of the ATC instructions told us to turn to Reading 205 and descend to 2500ft. We were given permission to approach to ILS runway 17 and requested to contact MalmoTower.

Approach clearance to ILS runway 17.

Now we can reduce our speed to about 200 -210 kts. Vector 205 given by the ATC should practically lead us straight onto the runway. We mustcontinuously observe the ILS display (middle display, that has already been set to APPmode). When the pink rectangle begins to move toward the arrow that indicates the runway heading (171), we have to turn the HDG to the left (HDG values should be reduced to 171). The aircraft begins to turn toward the runway. If the rectangle “escapes” us to the left, we have three options: we can rotate the HDG knob further to the left (ex. To 160 degrees), to make the aircraft turn left and intrercept therunway course (the rectangle will start moving back again) or disable the autopilot and fly theaircraft manually, or set the APP (Approach) mode of the autopilot. The APP mode will lead us to the runway course and begin automatic descent, according to ILS indications. In the meantime we must keep on reducing our speed and lower the flaps. We’ll land with



flaps 30 and speed of about 145 kts. If all goes well, we should promptly see the similar view to the one below. So when we see therunway, our speed should not exceed 150 kts, flaps should be fully lowered. Don’t forget about the landing gear! (G key).

On final to runway 17.

If this is your first landing, don’t worry if you fail. Keep on practicing. Before this flight youcan use the FSX training lessons, which will give you a wider view to the autopilot, ILS andGPS systems and navigation. Just before the runway threshold we have to switch off the autopilot (Z key), disarm theautothrottle (A/T Arm on the autopilot). Since that moment we’ll control the throttles. Our speed should not drop below 145 kts (that speed is approximate for B737-800, in fact it depends on many factors such as the aircraft weight, wind speed and direction and iscalculated by the Flight Management Computer — non-existing in Flight Simulator). Right before the touchdown we have to flare gently the aircraft (raise its nose). After touchdown we have to close the throttles and enable the reverse thrust by pressing andholding the F2 key. When our -800 slows down to 60 kts, move the throttles to idle thrustand start braking with wheel brakes. Now we should vacate the runway as quickly aspossible.



Taxiing & parking Then we stop the aircraft, switch off the strobe and landing lights and contact Groundstation which will give us taxiing instructions. During taxiing we switch on the taxi lights and raise flaps. If you don’t know where to taxi, use the Progressive Taxi aid mentioned before.

Taxiing to the gate.

When the aircraft is parked in the desired spot, we may open the throttle quadrant andswitch both fuel flow switches to CUTOFF position which will result in both enginesshutdown. Now we switch off all lights except navigation lights. This is the end of our flight.



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