Micro Ancients Expansion II - Classical Era (7172889)

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    ntroduction to the Hurlbat Publishing Edition

    Welcome to the Hurlbat Publishing edition of Micro Warfare Series: Micro Ancient Expansion II Classical Era

    An expansion to the popular Micro Ancient game, this title introduces four additional belligerents to enhance play: Indian, Macedo

    ersian and Seleucid. The section for each army includes counters for use in the game; applicable rule amendments as well as some

    nformation about the country at the time (source: Wikipedia)

    LEASE NOTE: You must have a copy of Micro Warfare: Micro Ancients to make use of this title.

    he Micro Warfare series was originally published by Tabletop Games in the 1970s with this title being published in 1976. Each gam

    he series aims to recreate the feel of tabletop wargaming with large numbers of miniatures but using printed counters and terrai

    hat games can be played in a small space and are very cost-effective.

    n these new editions we have kept the rules and most of the illustrations unchanged but have modernised the layout and cou

    esigns to refresh the game. Please look out for more games and expansions from this series being released over the next few month

    Product Subject Additional Armies

    Ancients Expansion I Chariot Era & Far East Assyrian; Chinese; Egyptian

    Ancients Expansion II Classical Era Indian; Macedonian; Persian; Seleucid

    Ancients Expansion III Enemies of Rome Britons; Gallic; GothAncients Expansion IV Fall of Rome Byzantine; Hun; Late Roman; Sassanid

    Ancients Expansion V The Dark Ages Norman; Saxon; Viking

    appy gaming!

    ris & Dave

    urlbat

    ebruary 2013

    Copyright 2013 Hurlbat

    dited by Kris Whitmore and Dave Polhill

    Contents:

    Amendments to basic rules

    ndia

    Macedonia

    ersia

    eleucid

    Tip - For best results when printing counters, please set your Page Scaling option to None.

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    mendments to basic rules

    riots

    w armed chariot units may only engage targets at short range, i.e. 75mm or less. Chariots

    classed as an Open Order target for missiles.

    riot units may charge across the front of enemy units engaging them with missile fire. This

    chieved by the unit charging towards the enemy then turning 90, which costs 20mm of

    vement, just before contact is made, and continuing the charge along the enemys front.

    riots moving this way may not be engaged in melee by infantry units.

    riot Melees

    d the following factors to the melee table on the combat charts:

    sent fightingtor

    Cavalry Infantry Elephant Chariots

    + 66 78 / 32* 30 78

    300 46 58 / 25* 20 58

    s than 151 18 32 / 15* 12 32

    ormal melee / passing melee

    er the first round of normal melee, chariots will unform the unit they are attacking. This

    s not apply if the melee is a passing melee, where the defending infantry unit uses the

    owing Anti-Chariot tactic.

    i-Chariot tactics

    and M2 class units may open ranks to allow the attacking chariot unit to pass through, only

    he chariot unit mas moved at least 25mm into contact. This tactic must be declared

    mediately the chariot charge is stated. If the infantry unit opens its ranks, the chariots must

    empt to make a full charge move, a passing melee is fought as the chariots pass through the

    ntry unit. The infantry unit will count only half its present fighting factor in a passing meleeculation, and will be considered as being unformed during that move, but not in the

    owing move.

    units must, and M1 / M2 units may choose to meet chariots as in a normal melee.

    Example of a passing melee:

    Infantry

    80mm

    Infantry

    40mm

    Chariot unit declares

    charge. Infantry unit

    declares anti-chariot

    tactic.

    Position of chariot

    unit at the end of the

    move after fighting a

    passing melee withinfantry.

    Bow armed cavalry

    These bow armed cavalry units may always choose to evade an attacker. If they do

    involved in a melee they will count as sword armed only unless equipped with

    weapon. They may only engage an enemy unit at short range, i.e. 75mm or less.

    Two handed cutting weapons (2HCW)

    Add the following factors to the two handed cutting weapon section on the melee tabl

    combat charts:

    Present fighting

    factor

    Cavalry Infantry Elephant Chariots

    801+ 65 90 60 65

    601800 60 80 50 55

    401600 50 60 30 35

    201400 30 55 20 25

    Less than 201 20 40 15 20

    Note: Certain units such as the Viking Berserks have been classed as armed with 2H

    factor purposes and is not necessarily historically accurate.

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    ntos armed cavalry

    se will lose their kontos weapon after the contact round. Once the kontos has been lost

    cavalry will count as being sword armed only.

    e armed infantry

    d the factors below to the melee table on the combat charts:

    sent fighting

    tor

    Cavalry Infantry Elephant Chariots

    1+ 120 125 115 125

    1000 100 105 95 105

    800 80 85 75 85

    600 60 65 55 65

    400 40 45 35 45

    s than 201 20 25 18 25

    es hit in the flank are not only unformed, but only half their present fighting factor may

    t to the front instead of the usual full factor. The usual quarter of the present fighting

    tor may still fight to the engaged flank.

    ssbows

    purposes of the missile table class crossbows as Bow fire at under 75mm range but at all

    ges. Crossbow armed units may only fire at the end of the fire move due to the lengthy

    ding time.

    ximum range will be 200mm.

    d 10 factors when crossbows are engaging armoured cavalry targets.

    berds

    ss these weapons as Pikes but deduct 20 factors when engaged by military units.

    kets

    ss as artillery (War engines) with a maximum range of 500mm.

    nit taking casualties from rocket fire will immediately take a morale test as will all mounted

    ts along the line of flight of the rockets.

    ts taking casualties will be classed as under missile fire and unformed during that move.

    ts along the line of flight will be classed as unformed for that move.

    eaxe and mace armed units

    ss these weapons as 2HCWs.

    Multi-weaponed units

    Units armed with more than one stated weapon may choose which weapon they will

    to engaging in melee. If the unit changes weapons during that melee then it will ha

    factor in that melee round.

    Seleucid elephant units

    These counters represent the basic elephant unit and also its escorting light infan

    combined units are armed with javelin and slings, and when using missile fire halve t

    present fighting factor for each type of weapon. When engaged in a melee use the u

    present fighting factor.

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    dian

    ing the period 2000500 BCE, many regions of the subcontinent transitioned from the

    lcolithic to the Iron Age. The Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed

    ing this period, and historians have analysed these to posit a Vedic culture in the Punjab

    on and the upper Gangetic Plain. Most historians also consider this period to have

    ompassed several waves of Indo-Aryan migration into the subcontinent from the north-

    st. The caste system, which created a hierarchy of priests, warriors, and free peasants, but

    ch excluded indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure, arose during this

    iod. On the Deccan Plateau, archaeological evidence from this period suggests the

    stence of a chiefdom stage of political organisation. In southern India, a progression to

    entary life is indicated by the large number of megalithic monuments dating from this

    iod, as well as by nearby traces of agriculture, irrigation tanks, and craft traditions.

    he late Vedic period, around the 5th century BCE, the small chiefdoms of the Ganges Plain

    the north-western regions had consolidated into 16 major oligarchies and monarchies that

    re known as the mahajanapadas. The emerging urbanisation and the orthodoxies of this age

    o created the religious reform movements of Buddhism and Jainism, both of which became

    ependent religions. Buddhism, based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha attracted

    owers from all social classes excepting the middle class; chronicling the life of the Buddha

    s central to the beginnings of recorded history in India. Jainism came into prominence

    und the same time during the life of its exemplar, Mahavira. In an age of increasing urban

    alth, both religions held up renunciation as an ideal, and both established long-lasting

    nasteries. Politically, by the 3rd century BCE, the kingdom of Magadha had annexed or

    uced other states to emerge as the Mauryan Empire. The empire was once thought to have

    trolled most of the subcontinent excepting the far south, but its core regions are now

    ught to have been separated by large autonomous areas. The Mauryan kings are known as

    ch for their empire-building and determined management of public life as for Ashoka's

    unciation of militarism and far-flung advocacy of the Buddhist dhamma.

    Sangam literature of the Tamil language reveals that, between 200 BCE and 200 CE, the

    thern peninsula was being ruled by the Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas, dynasties that

    ded extensively with the Roman Empire and with West and South-East Asia. In North India,

    duism asserted patriarchal control within the family, leading to increased subordination of

    men. By the 4th and 5th centuries, the Gupta Empire had created in the greater Ganges

    n a complex system of administration and taxation that became a model for later Indian

    gdoms. Under the Guptas, a renewed Hinduism based on devotion rather than the

    nagement of ritual began to assert itself. The renewal was reflected in a flowering of

    pture and architecture, which found patrons among an urban elite. Classical Sanskrit

    literature flowered as well, and Indian science, astronomy, medicine, and mathemati

    significant advances.

    O Infantry

    Elephants

    CO CavalryLigh

    CA CavalryLight Cavalry

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    Indian 1

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    C in C

    Indian 1JavelinCO 567 M2

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    120

    130

    140

    150

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    Indian 3

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 2

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 4

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 5

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 6

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 7Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 8

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 10 57 M2

    Indian 9

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 10

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 11

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 12

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 13

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2Indian 14

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 15

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 16

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 10 07 M2

    Indian 2JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 3JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 4JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 5JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 6JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 1JavelinAC 597 M2

    Indian 2JavelinAC 597 M2

    Elephant 1

    300 M1

    Elephant 2

    300 M1

    Elephant 1

    300 M3

    Elephant 2

    300 M3

    M3

    Chariot 1

    301

    M3

    Chariot 2

    301

    M3

    Chariot 3

    301

    M3

    Chariot 4

    301

    Irregular 1JavelinOO 420 M3

    Irregular 1JavelinOO 420 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 400 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 400 M3

    Irregular 1

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 401 M3

    Irregular 3

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 4 01 M3

    Irregular 2

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 401 M3

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    acedonian

    or to the 4th century BC, the kingdom covered a region approximately corresponding to the

    stern and Central parts of province of Macedonia in modern Greece. A unified Macedonian

    te was eventually established by King Amyntas III (c. 393370 BC), though it still retained

    ong contrasts between the cattle-rich coastal plain and the fierce isolated tribal hinterland,

    ed to the king by marriage ties. They controlled the passes through which barbarian

    asions came from Illyria to the north and northwest. It became increasingly Atticised during

    period, though prominent Athenians appear to have regarded the Macedonians as

    outh. Before the establishment of the League of Corinth, even though the Macedonians

    arently spoke a dialect of the Greek language and claimed proudly that they were Greeks,

    y were not considered to share fully the classical Greek culture by many of the inhabitants

    he southern city states, because they d id not share the polis based style of government.

    er the 4th century Macedon became more politically involved with the south-central city-

    tes of Ancient Greece, but it also retained more archaic features like the palace-culture, first

    Aegae (modern Vergina) then at Pella, resembling Mycenaean culture more than classic

    enic city-states, and other archaic customs, like Philip's multiple wives in addition to his

    rote queen Olympias, mother of Alexander.

    other archaic remnant was the very persistence of a hereditary monarchy which wielded

    midablesometimes absolute power, although this was at times checked by the landed

    tocracy, and often disturbed by power struggles within the royal family itself. This

    trasted sharply with the Greek cultures further south, where the ubiquitous city-states

    stly possessed aristocratic or democratic institutions; the de facto monarchy of tyrants, in

    ch heredity was usually more of an ambition rather than the accepted rule; and the limited,

    dominantly military and sacerdotal, power of the twin hereditary Spartan kings. The same

    ht have held true of feudal institutions like serfdom, which may have persisted in Macedon

    l into historical times. Such institutions were abolished by city-states well before

    cedon's rise (most notably by the Athenian legislator Solon's famous

    achtheia laws).

    yntas had three sons; the first two, Alexander II and Perdiccas III reigned only briefly.

    diccas III's infant heir was deposed by Amyntas' third son, Philip II of Macedon, who made

    self king and ushered in a period of Macedonian dominance in Greece. Under Philip II,

    9336 BC), Macedon expanded into the territory of the Paeonians, Thracians, and Illyrians.

    ong other conquests, he annexed the regions of Pelagonia and Southern Paeonia.

    ip redesigned the army of Macedon adding a number of variations to the traditional

    plite force to make it far more effective. He added the hetairoi, a well armoured heavy

    alry, and more light infantry, both of which added greater flexibility and responsiveness to

    the force. He also lengthened the spear and shrank the shield of the main infantr

    increasing its offensive capabilities.

    Philip began to rapidly expand the borders of his kingdom. He first campaigned in th

    against non-Greek peoples such as the Illyrians, securing his northern border and gaini

    prestige as a warrior. He next turned east, to the territory along the northern shor

    Aegean. The most important city in this area was Amphipolis, which controlled the w

    Thrace and also was near valuable silver mines. This region had been part of the A

    Empire, and Athens still considered it as in their sphere. The Athenians attempted to

    growing power of Macedonia, but were limited by the outbreak of the Social War. Th

    also do little to halt Philip when he turned his armies south and took over most of Thes

    Control of Thessaly meant Philip was now closely involved in the politics of central Gre

    BCE saw the outbreak of the Third Sacred War that pitted Phocis against Thebes and

    Thebes recruited the Macedonians to join them and at the Battle of Crocus Fie

    decisively defeated Phocis and its Athenian allies. As a result Macedonia became the

    state in the Amphictyonic League and Philip became head of the Pythian Games, firmly

    the Macedonian leader at the centre of the Greek poli tical world.

    In the continuing conflict with Athens Philip marched east through Thrace in an att

    capture Byzantium and the Bosphorus, thus cutting off the Black Sea grain sup

    provided Athens with much of its food. The siege of Byzantium failed, but Athens rea

    grave danger the rise of Macedon presented and under Demosthenes built a coalition

    of the major states to oppose the Macedonians. Most importantly Thebes, which

    strongest ground force of any of the city states, joined the effort. The allies m

    Macedonians at the Battle of Chaeronea and were decisively defeated, leaving Philip

    Macedonians the unquestioned masters of Greece.

    Philip's son, Alexander the Great (356323 BC), managed briefly to extend Macedonia

    not only over the central Greek city-states by becoming Hegemon of the League of(also known as the "Hellenic League"), but also to the Persian empire, including Eg

    lands as far east as the fringes of India. Alexander's adoption of the styles of govern

    the conquered territories was accompanied by the spread of Greek culture and

    through his vast empire. Although the empire fractured into multiple Hellenic regime

    after his death, his conquests left a lasting legacy, not least in the new Greek-speaki

    founded across Persia's western territories, heralding the Hellenistic period. In the pa

    Alexander's empire among the Diadochi, Macedonia fell to the Antipatrid dynasty, w

    overthrown by the Antigonid dynasty after only a few years, in 294 BC.

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    Greek Infantry

    O or CO Infantry

    Phalanx

    Phalanx

    Phalanx

    O or CO InfantryLight Cavalry

    Companion Cavalry

    X X X X X X X X X

    X X X X X X X X X

    X X X X X X X X X

    Light Infantry

    Light Cavalry

    Hypaspists 1

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    C in C

    Companion 1

    CO 603 M1

    Thracian Peltasts 1

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    120

    130

    140

    150

    R PBRC

    Hypaspists 2

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Hypaspists 3

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Hypaspists 4

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Greek Peltasts 1

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Greek Peltasts 2Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Thracian Peltasts 2

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    Thracian Peltasts 3

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    Agrianian Javelin 1

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 2

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 3

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 4

    OO 296 M2

    Cretian Bow 1

    OO 290 M2

    Cretian Bow 2

    OO 290 M2

    Rhodian Sling 1

    OO 296 M2

    Rhodian Sling 2

    OO 296 M2

    Phalangites 1

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 2

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 3

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 4

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 6

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 5

    CO M2

    1092

    Companion 2

    CO 603 M1

    Greek 1

    CO 522 M2

    Greek 2

    CO 522 M2

    Greek Hoplites 1

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Greek Hoplites 2

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Thracian 1KontosOO 489 M3

    Thracian 2KontosOO 489 M3

    Thessalian 1

    OO 484 M2

    Thessalian 1

    OO 484 M2

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

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    rsian

    ing the second millennium BC, Proto-Iranian tribes arrived in Iran from the Eurasian

    ppes, rivalling the native settlers of the country.

    these tribes dispersed into the wider area of Greater Iran and beyond, the boundaries of

    dern Iran were dominated by the Persian, Parthian and Median tribes, soon after

    oastrianism emerged as the main religion of the Iranian tribes.

    unification of the Median tribes under a single ruler in 728 BC led to the creation of a

    dian empire, which by 612 BC controlled the whole of Iran as well as eastern Anatolia.

    550 BC, Cyrus the Great from the state of Anshan took over the Median Empire, and

    nded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media

    pened as a result of what is called the Persian revolt, which was initially triggered by the

    ons of the Median ruler Astyages, and quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with

    Persians.

    er conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia,

    bylon, Egypt and the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus Rivers. Conflict on the western

    ders began with the famous Greco-Persian Wars which continued through the first half of

    5th century BC and ended with the Persian withdrawal from all of their European

    ritories. The empire had a centralised, bureaucratic administration under the Emperor and a

    ge professional army and civil services, inspiring similar developments in later empires.

    334 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the Achaemenid Empire, defeating the last

    aemenid Emperor Darius III at the Battle of Issus in 333 BC. Following the premature death

    Alexander, Iran came under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. In the middle of

    2nd century BC, Parthia rose to become the main power in Iran and continued as a feudal

    narchy for nearly five centuries until 224 AD, when it was succeeded by the Sassanid

    pire. The Sassanids established an empire roughly within the frontiers achieved by the

    aemenids, with the capital at Ctesiphon. Most of the period of the Parthian and Sassanid

    pires were overshadowed by the Roman-Persian Wars, which raged on their western

    ders for over 700 years. These wars exhausted both Romans and Sassanids, which arguably

    to the defeat of both at the hands of the invading Muslim Arabs.

    O Infantry

    Greek Infantry

    Persian Infantry

    CO Cavalry CO CavalryLight Cavalry Light C

    Chariots

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    Cardace 1

    STS

    O 970 M3

    Persian 1

    AC 512 M3

    Greek Peltasts 1

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    M3

    Chariot 1

    201C in C

    Greek Peltasts 2

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Greek Peltasts 3

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Cardace 2

    STS

    O 970 M3

    Cardace 3STS

    O 970 M3

    Irregular 1

    Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 2

    Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 3

    Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 4

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Irregular 5

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Irregular 6

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Persian 2

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 3

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 4

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 5

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 6

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 7

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 8

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 9

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 10

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 11

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 12

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 13BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 14BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 15BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 16BowOO 441 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 411 M3

    Scythian 2BowOO 411 M3

    Persian Bow 1

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 2

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 3

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 4

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Sling 1

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Sling 2

    OO 400 M3

    Greek Hoplites 1

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Greek Hoplites 2

    LTSCO 1067 M2

    Greek Hoplites 3

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    M3

    Chariot 2

    201

    Elephant

    201 M3

    R

    PB

    PB

    PB

    PB

    RC

    RC

    RC

    RC

    R

    R

    R

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    eucid Empire

    Seleucid Empire (pron.: /slusd/; from Greek: , Selekeia) was a Greek -

    cedonian Hellenistic state ruled by the Seleucid dynasty founded by Seleucus I Nicator

    owing the carve-up of the empire created by Alexander the Great following his death.

    eucus received Babylonia and, from there, expanded his dominions to include much of

    xander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the

    ant, Mesopotamia, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Pamir and present-day Pakistan.

    owing his and Lysimachus' victory over Antigonus Monophthalmus at the decisive Battle of

    us in 301 BC, Seleucus took control over eastern Anatolia and northern Syria.

    he latter area, he founded a new capital at Antioch on the Orontes, a city he named after

    father. An alternative capital was established at Seleucia on the Tigris, north of Babylon.

    eucus' empire reached its greatest extent following his defeat of his erstwhile ally,

    machus, at Corupedion in 281 BC, after which Seleucus expanded his control to encompass

    stern Anatolia. He hoped further to take control of Lysimachus' lands in Europe primarily

    ace and even Macedonia itself, but was assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus on landing in

    ope.

    son and successor, Antiochus I Soter, was left with an enormous realm consisting of nearly

    of the Asian portions of the Empire, but faced with Antigonus II Gonatas in Macedonia and

    lemy II Philadelphus in Egypt, he proved unable to pick up where his father had left off in

    quering the European portions of Alexander's empire.

    iochus I (reigned 281261 BC) and his son and successor Antiochus II Theos (reigned 261

    BC) were faced with challenges in the west, including repeated wars with Ptolemy II and a

    tic invasion of Asia Minor distracting attention from holding the eastern portions of the

    pire together. Towards the end of Antiochus II's reign, various provinces simultaneously

    erted their independence, such as Bactria under Diodotus, Parthia under Arsaces, andppadocia under Ariarathes III.

    dotus, governor for the Bactrian territory, asserted independence in around 245 BC,

    ough the exact date is far from certain, to form the Greco-Bactrian kingdom. This kingdom

    s characterized by a rich Hellenistic culture, and was to continue its domination of Bactria

    il around 125 BC, when it was overrun by the invasion of northern nomads. One of the

    co-Bactrian kings, Demetrius I of Bactria, invaded India around 180 BC to form the Greco-

    an kingdom, lasting until around AD 20.

    Seleucid satrap of Parthia, named Andragoras, first claimed independence, in a parallel to

    secession of his Bactrian neighbour. Soon after however, a Parthian tribal chief called

    Arsaces invaded the Parthian territory around 238 BC to form the Arsacid Dynast

    starting point of the powerful Parthian Empire.

    By the time Antiochus II's son Seleucus II Callinicus came to the throne around 246

    Seleucids seemed to be at a low ebb indeed. Seleucus II was soon dramatically defeat

    Third Syrian War against Ptolemy III of Egypt and then had to fight a civil war against

    brother Antiochus Hierax. Taking advantage of this distraction, Bactria and Parthia

    from the empire. In Asia Minor too, the Seleucid dynasty seemed to be losing control

    had fully established themselves in Galatia, semi-independent semi-Hellenized kingd

    sprung up in Bithynia, Pontus, and Cappadocia, and the city of Pergamum in the w

    asserting its independence under the Attalid Dynasty

    The Seleucid Empire was a major center of Hellenistic culture that maintai

    preeminence of Greek customs and where a Greek-Macedonian political elite dom

    mostly in the urban areas. The Greek population of the cities who formed the domin

    were reinforced by emigration from Greece. Seleucid expansion into Anatolia and Gre

    abruptly halted after decisive defeats at the hands of the Roman army. Their atte

    defeat their old enemy Ptolemaic Egypt were frustrated by Roman demands. Muc

    eastern part of the empire was conquered by the Parthians under Mithridates I of P

    the mid-2nd century BC, yet the Seleucid kings continued to rule a rump state from S

    the invasion by Armenian king Tigranes the Great and their ultimate overthrow by the

    general Pompey.

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    1 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    C in

    1 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    1

    Selucid

    265

    M3

    Javelin

    OO

    2 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    3 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    4 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    5 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    6 M2Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    1 M2

    Galatian Jav elin

    597 O

    2 M2

    Galatian Jav elin

    597 O

    1 M2

    Roman Argyraspid HTS

    1010 CO

    1 M2

    Roman Argyraspid HTS

    1010 CO

    2 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    3 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    1 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    2 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    3 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    1 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    2 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    3 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    4 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    1 M2

    Cretan Bow

    252 OO

    2 M2Cretan Bow

    252 OO

    2

    Selucid

    265

    M3

    Javelin

    OO

    1

    Dahae

    265

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    2

    Dahae

    265

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    1

    Galatian

    366

    M3

    Javelin

    CO

    Successor

    335

    M2

    Javelin

    OO

    2

    Galatian

    366

    M3

    Javelin

    CO

    Companions

    585

    M1

    Javelin

    CO

    1A/Cavalry

    560

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    2A/Cavalry

    560

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    1A/Cavalry

    540

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    2A/Cavalry

    540

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    Arab

    235

    M3

    Javelin

    CO

    Arab

    347

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    1

    Phala

    1090

    2

    Phala

    1090

    3

    Phala

    1090

    4

    Phala

    1090

    1 M2

    Bow / Javelin

    350

    2 M2

    Bow / Javelin

    350

    2

    Eleph

    410

    1

    Eleph

    410

    Engi

    200

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    Appendix 1Army Cards on Letter size

    ndian

    Indian 1Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    C in C

    Indian 1JavelinCO 567 M2

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    120

    130

    140

    150

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    Indian 3

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 2

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 4

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 5

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 6Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 7

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 8

    Javelin / 2HCW

    CO 1057 M2

    Indian 9

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 10

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 11

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 12

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 13

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 14

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 15

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 16

    Bow / 2HCW

    CO 1007 M2

    Indian 2JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 3JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 4JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 5JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 6JavelinCO 567 M2

    Indian 1JavelinAC 597 M2

    Indian 2JavelinAC 597 M2

    Elephant 1

    300 M1

    Elephant 2

    300 M1

    Elephant 1

    300 M3

    Elephant 2

    300 M3

    M3

    Chariot 1

    301

    M3Chariot 2

    301

    M3Chariot 3

    301

    M3

    Chariot 4

    301

    Irregular 1JavelinOO 420 M3

    Irregular 1JavelinOO 420 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 400 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 400 M3

    Irregular 1

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 401 M3

    Irregular 3

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 401 M3

    Irregular 2

    OO Javelin / 2HCW 401 M3

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    Macedonian

    Hypaspists 1

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    C in C

    Companion 1

    CO 603 M1

    Thracian Peltasts 1

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    120

    130

    140

    150

    R PBRC

    Hypaspists 2

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Hypaspists 3

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Hypaspists 4

    LTS

    O 1146 M1

    Greek Peltasts 1

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Greek Peltasts 2

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Thracian Peltasts 2

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    Thracian Peltasts 3

    Javelin / 2HCW

    O 970 M3

    Agrianian Javelin 1

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 2

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 3

    OO 296 M2

    Agrianian Javelin 4

    OO 296 M2

    Cretian Bow 1

    OO 290 M2

    Cretian Bow 2

    OO 290 M2

    Rhodian Sling 1

    OO 296 M2

    Rhodian Sling 2

    OO 296 M2

    Phalangites 1

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 2

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 3

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 4

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 6

    CO M2

    1092

    Phalangites 5

    CO M2

    1092

    Companion 2

    CO 603 M1

    Greek 1

    CO 522 M2

    Greek 2

    CO 522 M2

    Greek Hoplites 1

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2Greek Hoplites 2

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Thracian 1KontosOO 489 M3

    Thracian 2KontosOO 489 M3

    Thessalian 1

    OO 484 M2

    Thessalian 1

    OO 484 M2

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

    R PBRC

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    ersian

    Cardace 1

    STS

    O 970 M3

    Persian 1

    AC 512 M3

    Greek Peltasts 1

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    M3

    Chariot 1

    201C in C

    Greek Peltasts 2

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Greek Peltasts 3

    Javelin / LTS

    O 1057 M2

    Cardace 2STS

    O 970 M3

    Cardace 3

    STS

    O 970 M3

    Irregular 1

    Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 2

    Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 3Bow

    O 856 M3

    Irregular 4

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Irregular 5

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Irregular 6

    Javelin

    O 896 M3

    Persian 2

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 3

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 4

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 5

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 6

    AC 512 M3

    Persian 7

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 8

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 9

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 10

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 11

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 12

    CO 489 M3

    Persian 13BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 14BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 15BowOO 441 M3

    Persian 16BowOO 441 M3

    Scythian 1BowOO 411 M3

    Scythian 2BowOO 411 M3

    Persian Bow 1

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 2

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 3

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Bow 4

    OO 400 M3Persian Sling 1

    OO 400 M3

    Persian Sling 2

    OO 400 M3

    Greek Hoplites 1

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Greek Hoplites 2

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    Greek Hoplites 3

    LTS

    CO 1067 M2

    M3

    Chariot 2

    201

    Elephant

    201 M3

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    120

    130

    140

    150

    R

    PB

    PB

    PB

    PB

    RC

    RC

    RC

    RC

    R

    R

    R

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    eleucid Empire

    1 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    C in C

    1 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    1

    Selucid

    265

    M3

    Javelin

    OO

    2 M2Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    3 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    4 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    5 M2

    Argyraspid Pike

    1020 CO

    6 M2

    Argyraspid Pike1020 CO

    1 M2

    Galatian Javelin

    597 O

    2 M2

    Galatian Javelin

    597 O

    1 M2

    Roman Argyraspid HTS

    1010 CO

    1 M2

    Roman Argyraspid HTS

    1010 CO

    2 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    3 M3

    Thracians 2HCW & Javelin

    775 O

    1 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    2 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    3 M3

    Peltast Javelin & LTS

    772 O

    1 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    2 M3Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    3 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    4 M3

    Asiatic Bow

    775 OO

    1 M2

    Cretan Bow

    252 OO

    2 M2

    Cretan Bow252 OO

    2

    Selucid

    265

    M3

    Javelin

    OO

    1

    Dahae

    265

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    2

    Dahae

    265

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    1

    Galatian

    366

    M3

    Javelin

    CO

    Successor

    335

    M2

    Javelin

    OO

    2

    Galatian

    366

    M3

    Javelin

    CO

    Companions

    585

    M1

    Javelin

    CO

    1A/Cavalry

    560

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    2A/Cavalry

    560

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    1A/Cavalry

    540

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    2A/Cavalry

    540

    M2

    Kontos

    CO

    Arab

    235

    M3

    JavelinCO

    Arab

    347

    M3

    Bow

    OO

    1 M2

    Phalanx

    Pike

    1090 CO

    2 M2

    Phalanx

    Pike

    1090 CO

    3 M2

    Phalanx

    Pike

    1090 CO

    4 M2

    Phalanx

    Pike

    1090 CO

    1 M2

    Bow / Javelin

    350

    2 M2

    Bow / Javelin

    350

    2 M3

    Elephant

    410 O

    1 M3

    Elephant

    410 O

    M2

    Engine

    200 OO