774 Mod2 Ancients

7/28/2019 774 Mod2 Ancients

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Objectives for Module

Comparison of ancient philosophers

Discussion of how these philosophersimpact or influence education today

Discussion of impact on nursingknowledge and education


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Ancient Map of Mesopotamia


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Ancient World

Preliterate societies

Mesopotamia 7000 BCE

Sumerians 3000 2250

Egyptian civilization legacy

Consider papyrus with black ink still legible5000 years later. Will digital be accessible in

5000 years?

Ancient China

Confucius 551-479 BCE


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Ancient World --

Ancient China

Confucius 551-479BCE

China's most famousteacher, philosopher,and political theorist,whose ideas have

influenced thecivilization of East

Asia.


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Confucius Quotes

I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and Iunderstand.

Respect yourself and others will respect you.

Study the past if you would define the future.Ignorance is the night of the mind, but a night without

moon and star.

Everything has its beauty but not everyone sees it.

Some of these struck me as timely for this discussionand course. Especially the first one.


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Ancient China


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Ancient Philosophers

Quest for knowledge = throughout history

Aristotle in Metaphysics All men[sic] by

nature desire to know

Do you see this with nurses? Give example ofhow this is supported or not supported


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Time Periods

BCE = Before Common Era

CE = Common Era or current historicalperiod


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Cosmology

Pre-Socratic Greeks

Interest in Cosmos (world around them)

Mostly Deductive

Underlying unity and diversity Problem of the one and the many

In health care - Who gets the treatment?

One with great need costing $$$$ or Many who can be helped in prevention for much

less per person?


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Classical Greek

Greek Socrates

Academic freedom ofright of teacher to teach

and learner to learnwithout arbitrarypolitical authority orcountering publicopinion

Socrates: Wisest is hewho knows he knowsnot

Plato

Idealist

Probed meaning oflife

Aristotle

Realist

Purpose of educationto cultivate humanexcellence

Higher educationstarted at 21

Socrates

Plato &

Aristotle


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Knowledge concerned withuniversal

Level of existence surpassed physicalreality

Plato

Forms

Socrates

Ideas


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Aristotle

Built on Socrates and Plato

Speculative (theoretical) sciences = goal ofcreating knowledge

1st philosophy (metaphysics) physics, mathematics Practical Sciences - focus on ability to act in light of

knowledge ethics, politics & economics

Productive Sciences - goal to produce something

Fine arts, medicine, architecture, rhetoric


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Greeks

knowledge for knowledge sake

True of nurses? Majority?

Why true or not?


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Shift to Sophists

Used empirical, inductive

Looked for practical ends

Search for Absolute Truth =

Universally True, without doubt, not subject to change Relative Truth =

Dependent on context, relative to specific context orsituation

Which do you fit with? Which do most nurses you know fit with?


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Practical End!!!


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Key with Ancients

Sought to achieve universal, objectiveTruth about the world,

To be certain about what they knew to thegreatest degree possible

Same as today???


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Syllogism

Thank Aristotle for them

Derive Truth from fundamental element oflogic

3 statements (simplest truth, basic and finalmore comprehensive truth or generalconclusion and middle connects the first and

last)


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Syllogism


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Classical Roman

Quintilian

Self control and discipline

Father primary teacher of children

Power of Oratory

Consider commercials, political debates etc.

Use in Nursing and Health care?

Greek slaves tutored the Roman children


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Philosophy of Education

Look at development in relation to life & times ofthe philosopher

Confucius - response to time of social unrest &

practical turmoil Plato - multidimensional nature and basichuman questions

Aristotle - Natural Realism and ideas on

schooling Quintilian - rhetorical education, Roman who

incorporated Greek concepts about education


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Ancients Today?

What is the enduring impact of Egyptians

Greeks

Romans

What if any of these can we use in nursingeducation today?

What of the following All men by nature

desire to knowThe metaphysics byAristotle Is this quote true of Nurses today? Why, Why

not?


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Issues for Consideration

How does nursing use or not use AncientPhilosophy?

What Education Philosophy of Ancients would

you say is useful today? Why? How? In Nursing?

What of folklore, myths, legends?

What is your Philosophy of

Education related to Nursing? Any influence from ancients? Which ones and why?

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774 Mod2 Ancients