Membuat Proposal Penelitian yang Baik

Indrawati, Ph.D

Research Proposal

1. A working title. 2. Background of the study3. The problem statement:

a. The purpose of the study b. Research questions.

4. The scope of the study. 5. The relevance of the study. 6. The research design, offering details on:

a. Type of study – exploratory and descriptive b. Data collection methods c. The sampling design d. Data analysis.

7. Time frame of the study, including information on when the written report will be handed over to the sponsors. 8. The budget, detailing the costs with reference to specific items of expenditure. 9. Selected bibliography.

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1. A working title

1. Manageable and Controllable: knowledge, cost, time, and supervisor.

2. Obtainable Data: collecting data and availability of data.

3. Significant: academic and business practice

4. Interesting

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2. Background of the study

The Research Process

7. DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS,INTERPRETATION

8. DEDUCTIONHypothesis substantiated? Research question answered?

9. Report Writing

No

Yes

10. Report Presentation

11. Managerial Decision Making

1.OBSERVATIONBroad area of research interest identified

2. PRELIMINARY DATA GATHERINGInterviewingLiterature Survey

3. PROBLEM DEFINITIONResearch problem delineated

4. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKVariable clearly identified and labeled

5. GENERATION OF HYPOTHESIS

6. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DESIGN

(Sekaran & Bougie, 2010)

IM Telkom

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Sumber: Hair, J.F., Bush, R.P., and Ortinau, D.J. (2009). Marketing Research in a Digital Information Environment. Fourth Edition. Boston :The McGraw-Hill Companies.

The Iceberg Principle

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Contoh Hasil Observasi dan Prelimary Data GatheringLayanan 3G (Indrawati, 2012)

(Campbell & Schwartz, 2001; Sauter, 2009; Smith & Collins, 2002; Skyline Marketing Group, 2000)

3G is the third generation of mobile communication system:

➢ transfers data faster; has higher bandwidth

➢ offers data rates up to 144 Kbps (fast-moving users), 384 Kbps

(slower moving/ pedestrian users), and 2 Mbps (fixed

locations).

➢ is designed to carry voice, video, and data simultaneously.

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Definition & Capability of 3G

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Targeted and Achieved Number of 3G MMS

Subscribers in Indonesia in 2008

Source: Noor, 2007a; Noor, 2007b; Noor, 2008a; Noor, 2008b; Noor, 2008c

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Total Mobile Subscribers and 3G MMS Subscribers

in Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Europe, and

Indonesia

Sources: International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 2008; Noor, 2007a;

Noor, 2007b; Noor, 2008a; Noor, 2008b; Noor, 2008c

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Country Percentage

Malaysia 18.3%

South Africa 10.7%

Indonesia < 10%

3G Subscribers as Percentage of Total Mobile Subscribers in

Malaysia, South Africa, and Indonesia in 2009

Source : Agrawal, 2009

Indrawati, Ph.D.

12

Year Total

Population

(in millions)

3G MMS

Subscribers

(in millions)

3G MMS

Subscribers

as Percentage of

Total Mobile

Subscribers

3G MMS

Subscribers as

Percentage of

Total

Population

2008 225 7.5 8.2% 3%

2011 260 23 12% 9%

Comparison of 3G MMS Subscribers,

Total Mobile Subscribers &

Population of Indonesia

Source : India Infoline News Service, 2011; Kompas, 2008 ; Noor, 2008a; Noor,

2008b; Noor, 2008c ; Susilo & Adhi, 2011;

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Masih terbuka kesempatan yang besar untukmengembangkan jumlah pelanggan multi media3G.

Terkait dengan hal inilah maka penelitian tentangkecenderungan perilaku pelanggan untukmenggunakan multi media dengan menggunakanteknologi 3G perlu dilakukan.

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Contoh Hasil Observasi dan Prelimary Data Gathering LayananInstant Messenger Application (Indrawati et al, 2015 sd 2016)

Instant Messenger

Instant messenger is an Internet-based protocol application

that allows one-to-one communication between users

employing a variety of devices.

[Zheng & Rupp, 2005]

Instant messenger application users increase dramatically in

2013 which reach 115% compared with previous years

[Flurry Analytics, 2013]

Total messages sent through instant messenger successfully

get beyond total messages sent through SMS

[Farabi, 2013]

60% 63%

78%70% 70% 67%

Singapore Thailand Philippines Vietnam Indonesia SEA

Application Downloaded by Users

Frequency of Application Usage per day

66

4641 40

Malaysia Thailand Philippines Indonesia

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Contoh Hasil Observasi dan Prelimary Data GatheringIndeks untuk Mengukur Kesiapan Kota Pintar: Suatu Studi di Kota

Bandung (Indrawati et al, 2017 sd 2019)

Indonesian Painful Problems

Source: Frost & Sullivan, Telkom assessment & desk research 2014)

Research Background

Dimensi Smart City\

Penulis

Mah

izhn

an (1

999)

Giff

inge

r et a

l. (2

007)

Eger

(200

9)

Thuz

ar (2

011)

Nam

and

Par

do (2

011)

Barr

ionu

evo

et a

l. (2

012)

Kour

tit a

nd N

ijkam

p, 2

012

Chou

rabi

et a

l, 20

12

Fros

t & S

ulliv

an, 2

014

Farn

za M

osan

nenz

adeh

a et

al ,

2014

Governance v v v v v v v

Citizen v v v v v v v v v v

Healthcare v

Energy v

Mobility v v v

Technology v v v v

Infrastructure v v v v v

Building v v

economy v v v v v v v v

natural v v v v v

Indrawati, Ph.D.

Contoh Hasil Observasi dan Prelimary Data GatheringMachine Learning dan Blockchain (Indrawati et al, 2020 sd 2023)

Prediksi Perilaku Pembelian Impulsif Pelanggan denganMenggunakan Teknik Machine Learning Big Data

Penggunaan Teknologi Blockchain untuk Pelacakan Makanan Halal

(Blockchain Technology for Tracing Halal Food)

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https://www.google.com/search?q=Digital+Customer+Behaviour&rlz=1C2AVFC_enID854ID854&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=k8GT8406tfk58M%253A%252Cj17vkKRFHVPY2M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kTO0CNetdoTQVpFDqfUkVdeK15xJA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz-Yfkj7zjAhU_6nMBHXgRAkUQ9QEwBnoECAYQCg#imgrc=4x5-twBl4x9_0M:&vet=1

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The Leadership Companies

Rev. $ 260 B (2019)Rev. $ 266 B (2018)

$ 280 B (2019)$233 B (2018)

$ 160.7 B (2019)$ 136 B (2018)

Val. $ 9.6 B Val. $ 7.2 BVal. $ 2.8 B

Val. $ 1 BVal. $ 1.9 B

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Using the 4.0 technology (Case Machine learning) to look for

what consumers’ expression: happy, sad, angry etc. which

important for marketing decision making.

Shifts the value proposition from products to ongoing, data-

driven services.

Offers personalized product/service in the right time, place,

quality, amount, and price.

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How to utilize Blockchain?

People more willing to pay higher prices for products they can trust.

A Company can create a premium product that ultimately increases incomes.

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Bluekorinjihttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMskZ7gsMKI

After scanning a barcode in the Indonesian Blue Korintji Coffee chain, paying customers can identify the farmer who grew their coffee, the company that roasts the beans, and even the logistics involved.

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3. The problem statement: a. The purpose of the study b. Research questions

Problem Statements

PR0DI:MM

a. Website offers higher value or more benefits than other media

b. It has been implemented in ABC University

c. However, the website has not been addressed yet, whether it is already widely adopted by stakeholders.

d. The adoption factors that affect the behavioural intention of stakeholders toward using website has not been well understood yet.

Nine Models of Customers’ adoption

1) Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Fishbein, 1967; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975).

2) Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen,1985).

3) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis,1986).

4) Combined TAM-TPB (C-TAM-TPB) (Taylor & Todd, 1995)

5) Motivational Model (MM) (Davis et al., 1992)

6) Model of Personal Computer Utilization (MPCU) (Thompson et al, 1991)

7) Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) (Roger, 1962; Moore & Benbasat, 1991).

8) Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) (Bandura, 1986; Compeau & Higgins, 1995)

9) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et. al., 2003).

1. A review and consolidation of the constructs from the eight

earlier models

2. Explains about 70% of the variance in the behavioural

intention of consumers to use IT.

3. Has highest explanatory power; the other eight models can

only explain between 17–53%

(Al-Qeisi, 2009; Armida, 2008; Cameron, 2006; Moran, 2006; Niehaves & Plattfaut, 2010;

Venkatesh et al., 2003; Wu et al., 2008).

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Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use

of Technology (UTAUT)

Original UTAUT Model

Behavioral Intention to use

EffortExpectancy

FacilitatingConditions

Actual System Use

SocialInfluence

PerformanceExpectancy

Gender Age ExperienceVoluntariness of Use

Source: Venkatesh et al. (2003)

Research Question

Based on the modified UTAUT model, which factors affect the behavioral intention of students, lecturers, and

administrators toward using website?

Research Question

1. Seberapa besar penilaian responden terhadap PE, EE,SI, FC dari ABC website?

2. Seberapa besar BI konsumen untuk menggunakan ABCwebsite?

3. Seberapa besar UB konsumen akan ABC Website?

4. Apakah PE, EE, SI dan FC berpengaruh terhadap BI danUB konsumen akan ABC Website?

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4. The scope of the study.

Penelitian Smart cityPenelitian ini akan menemukan indikator dan variabelyang tepat untuk mengukur tingkat kecerdasan Kota Bandung, namun hasil yang diperoleh diharapkan juga dapat diimplementasikan di kota lain yang memilikikarakteristik yang hampir sama.

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5. The relevance of the study.

Penelitian Smart city

Menemukan indikator dan variabel yang tepatuntuk mengukur tingkat kecerdasan suatu kotapenting, agar dapat memahami seberapaberhasil kota tersebut mencapai tujuan menjadikota cerdas.

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6. The research design, offering details on:

a. Type of study – exploratory, descriptive, relationship b. Data collection methods c. The sampling design d. Data analysis.

Setiap pertanyaan penelitian harus tergambarcara menjawabnya.

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7. Time frame of the study, including information on when the written report will be handed over to the sponsors.

Pikirkan dengan matang agar yang dijanjikandapat terpenuhi.

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8. The budget, detailing the costs with reference to specific items of expenditure.

Sesuaikan dengan kegiatan yang akandilakukan dalam penelitian dengan harga yang wajar.

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9. Selected bibliography

Tunjukkan bahwa pembuat proposal sudah membacamateri yang relevan, berkualitas, lengkap sampaidengan yang terkini.

Tunjukkan karya yang relevan yang pernah dibuat.

Indrawati, Ph.DAssociate ProfessorGraduate School of ManagementTelkom University IndonesiaPhone: +62 81321922742Email: indrawati02@yahoo.com

indrawati@telkomuniversity.ac.idblog: indrawati02.wordpress.com