MeasuremenMeasurementsts

The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of

France in the 1790's.

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Indep. And Dep. Var Cartoon

“Weights and measures may be ranked among the necessaries

of life to every individual of human society…They are

necessary to every occupation of human industry.... The knowledge of them, as in

established use, is among the first elements of education...”

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS - Report to the Congress, 1821 President of the United States from 1825 to 1829.

Which other countries, besides Which other countries, besides the U.S., do the U.S., do notnot use the metric use the metric

system?system?• Only a few small countries Only a few small countries (Liberia and (Liberia and

Myanmar)Myanmar) , including some Caribbean , including some Caribbean nations heavily influenced by the U.S., nations heavily influenced by the U.S., have have notnot formally adopted the use of SI. formally adopted the use of SI.

• Among countries not claiming to be Among countries not claiming to be metric, metric, the U.S. is the only significant the U.S. is the only significant holdoutholdout..

STAT FACT

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• In any measurement system,It…1.must be agreed upon and

2.cannot change Ex: The foot.

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Le Systeme Le Systeme Internationale Internationale d’Unites (SI)d’Unites (SI)

•1960- SI system•Based on Metric System

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StandardsStandards•In a measurement system there

are exact quantities that people agree to use for a certain measurement.–Ex: The meter

•The speed that light travels in a vacuum 1/299 792 458 of a second.

•Why...This seems CRAZY!!!•The meter Clip

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Another Example of a Standard …..The kilogram

The official kilogram, made of platinum-iridium, remains in France at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures

Clip

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Le Systeme Internationale Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI)d’Unites (SI)

•English: International System of Units

•Each measurement has a base unit.

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SI SystemBased on multiples of ten.

Examples of base units•Length

– Meter•Mass

– Gram•Volume

– Liter•Time

– Second

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•Temperature-Kelvin

•Energy

-Joule•Electric Current

-Ampere

Base Units• EX: • 1 Liter= 1000ml• 1 gram = 1000mg• 1meter= 1000mm

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Prefixes• Prefixes are used with the base units to indicate Prefixes are used with the base units to indicate

what multiple or fraction of ten should be used.what multiple or fraction of ten should be used.

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BASE BASE UNITUNIT

Kilo- Hecto- Deca- BU Deci- Centi- Milli-

•Meter•Liter•Gram•Watt

•Newton•Second

•Joule

k h D d c m

Based on Multiples of

TEN

Multiple of BU Fraction of BU King Henry Died By Drinking Choc. Milk

1000x 100x 10x 0.1 0.01 0.001

Metric ConversionsMetric Conversions• A conversion is A conversion is

changing the way you changing the way you state the same amount!state the same amount!

• Ex: 1 dollarEx: 1 dollar– 4 quarters, 100 pennies, 4 quarters, 100 pennies,

10 dimes10 dimes• 1meter = 1meter =

100centimeters100centimeters• Simply move your Simply move your

decimal point.decimal point.

Laboratory Laboratory Apparatuses Apparatuses for making for making

MeasurementMeasurementss

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Distance

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Meter StickMeter Stick

•1m = 100 1m = 100 CentimetersCentimeters•1m = 1000 1m = 1000 millimetersmillimeters

1cm = 10 mm

Length

Distance15

Each line on the meter stick is a millimeter.

Meter StickMeter Stick 16

The last digit in all measurements is an estimate digit.

Amount of matter in an object

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300 +70 +3.31 =373.32g

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Triple Beam Balance

GramsMORE PRACTICE

Space occupied by an Object

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Length Length xx Height Height xx Width=VolumeWidth=Volume

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Graduated Cylinder Graduated Cylinder

Volume•Space an object occupies

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Kinetic Energy

1226

What is Temperature?

TemperatureFahrenheit vs. Celsius vs.

Kelvin

1742, Anders Celsius (1701-1744) 1714:Daniel

Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736)

Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)

Video Clip

Superfridge

27Absolute Temperature scale

Absolute Zero: temperature at which all matter stops moving.

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Practice: Temperature Conversion:1) 250 Kelvin to ºCelsius 2) 339 Kelvin to ºCelsius 3) 17º Celsius to Fahrenheit 4) 55º Celsius to Fahrenheit 5) 89.5º Fahrenheit to Celsius 6) 383º Kelvin to Fahrenheit

Mass per unit Volume

29.1

Density

• Density: Amount of matter in a specific volume.

These 2 cubes have the same VOLUME, but they have different densities. Why?

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Density practice problem• Which cylinder

has the greatest density?

Vol: 5 mlMass: 10g

Vol: 25 mlMass: 15 ml

Density = 2 g/ml Density = 0.6 g/ml

• So, if I had the same amount of each cylinder (1 ml), which one would have a greater mass??

Derived UnitsDerived UnitsObtained by combining Obtained by combining

different unitsdifferent units..ExEx:: Density DensityDensity is the amount of Density is the amount of

mass per unit volumemass per unit volume..D D == m m//vv

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TYPES OF DATAQuantitative vs. Qualitative•If the data collected involve observations without measurements or numbers, then it is referred to as qualitative data.

•Quantitative data involves numbers or measurements.

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Starter:1. How many ml are in 1 kl?2. If I have 3475.8 L, how many ml do I

have?3. What is a standard?4. What are some units for volume? (give 2)

5. What is an independent variable?6. What is mass?7. Marsha has three 2-L sodas. How many

ml does she have total? If there are six people at dinner, how many ml can they each have (and it be equal amounts)??