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May 2018 Corporate Presenta2on
Christopher U Missling, PhD President & CEO
Nasdaq: AVXL
Safe Harbor
This presenta2on contains forward-looking statements made within the meaning of the Private Securi2es Li2ga2on Reform Act of 1995 by Anavex® Life Sciences Corp. and its representa2ves. These statements can be iden2fied by introductory words such as “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “believes,” “will,” “es2mates,” “forecasts,” “projects,” or words of similar meaning, and by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements frequently are used in discussing poten2al product applica2ons, poten2al collabora2ons, product development ac2vi2es, clinical studies, regulatory submissions and approvals, and similar opera2ng ma]ers. Many factors may cause actual results to differ from forward-looking statements, including inaccurate assump2ons and a broad variety of risks and uncertain2es, some of which are known and others of which are not. Known risks and uncertain2es include those iden2fied from 2me to 2me in reports filed by Anavex Life Sciences Corp. wit the Securi2es and Exchange Commission, which should be considered together with any forward-looking statement. No forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future results or events, and one should avoid placing undue reliance on such statements. Anavex Life Sciences Corp. undertakes no obliga2on to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new informa2on, future events or otherwise. Anavex Life Sciences Corp. cannot be sure when or if it will be permi]ed by regulatory agencies to undertake clinical trials or to commence any par2cular phase of clinical trials. Because of this, statements regarding the expected 2ming of clinical trials cannot be regarded as actual predic2ons of when Anavex Life Sciences Corp. will obtain regulatory approval for any “phase” of clinical trials. We also cannot be sure of the clinical outcome for efficacy or safety of our compounds. Poten2al investors should refer to the risk factors in our reports filed on Edgar.
2
Novel Target, New Approach to Trea2ng CNS
Anavex u2lizes precision gene2c medicine to treat severe and
devasta2ng neurological disorders.
Anavex is focusing on rare diseases with no available therapy (Re]
syndrome) and high risk CNS pa2ent popula2ons (Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson’s disease) 3
Summary
4
ANAVEX®2-73, orally available S1R agonist with strong IP (COM 2033) and has completed a successful Phase 2a clinical trial for Alzheimer’s disease U2lizing pa2ent genomic analysis as well as clinical PK/PD data to effec2vely incorporate into three clinical trials ini2a2ng in 2018:
§ Phase 2 clinical trial in Re] syndrome* – IND filed § Phase 2 clinical trial in Parkinson’s disease demen2a § Phase 2/3 clinical trial in Alzheimer’s disease
*FDA granted ANAVEX®2-73 Orphan Drug Designa<on (ODD) for ReB syndrome
Focus Finding effec2ve treatments for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenera2ve diseases, areas of high unmet need
Mechanism Sigma-1 Receptor (S1R) targe2ng cellular homeostasis
Approach Applying precision medicine to CNS
Iden2fica2on of Gene “Signature” from ANAVEX®2-73 Pa2ents
ANAVEX®2-73 Phase 2a clinical trial
5
ANAVEX®2-73 treatment
NOW: Gene2c signatures of the strongest responders to ANAVEX®2-73
Corresponding approach to
oncology precision medicine
Pornolio of Compounds Varying in Sigma-1 Receptor Binding Ac2vi2es
6
PRECLINICAL PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3
ANAVEX®2-73 *RETT SYNDROME
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
FRAGILE X
CANDIDATE
ANAVEX®3-71 (AF710B)
*FRONT. DEMENTIA (FTD)
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
ANAVEX®1-41 DEPRESSION
STROKE
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
ANGELMAN’S
ANAVEX®1066
CANCER (PANCREAS)
ACUTE & NEUROPATHIC PAIN
* = Orphan Drug Designa<on by FDA
*INFANTILE SPASMS
VISCERAL PAIN
ANAVEX®2-73 is a S1R Agonist and Ac2vates the Sigma-1 Receptor
7
Enhancing ac2va2on of endogenous S1R agonist with ANAVEX®2-73 remedies
disease symptoms and underlying pathophysiology
1) Mavlyutov TA et al. Neuroscience. 2013 Jun 14;240:129-34 2) Su TP et al. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2016 Apr;37(4):262-78 3) Ruscher K et al. J Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Jan;127(1):30-5
S1R is an integral membrane protein involved in cellular homeostasis which
targets restora2on of neuroplas2city and cellular stress response2,3
S1R deficiency accelerates
disease progression1
Endogenous S1R agonists ac2vate the Sigma-1 Receptor in situa2on
of cellular stress
Sigma-1R Agonists MoA: Restoring Homeostasis
ANAVEX®2-73
Source: Adapted from Miki et al, Dec 9. doi: 10.1111/neup.12080 Neuropathology 2013 Glembotski et al., Circula<on Research. 2007;101:975-984
Restoring Homeostasis
Villard et al., J. Psychopharmacol. 2011
Su et al., Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2016
Sigma-1R helping / s2mula2ng own body to regain func2onality
[σ1 Antagonist]
8
9
Endoplasmic Re2culum (ER) -Mitochondrial Axis Membrane (MAM) is Key Area Involved in Neurodegenera2ve Diseases
Common Cellular Processes in Neurodegenera2ve Diseases
P. Gómez-Suaga Cell Death Dis. 2018 Mar; 9(3): 337.
Milleretal.TrendsNeurosci.,2016;Lahmyetal.Neuropsychopharmacol.,2013
Normal condi2on
Sigma-1 Receptor Restores MAM Associa2on
S1R
ANAVEX®2-73
Disease condi2on
• Normally quiescent, S1Rs become ac2vated during periods of cellular stress
• ANAVEX®2-73 is well-posi2oned to enhance this response
10
Sigma-1R Translocates to Play a Role in Gene Transcrip2on: Func2onal Connec2on Between Cell Body and DNA
Upon Ac2va2on, the S1R is relocated to the nuclear envelope (NE), where it is involved in controlling gene transcrip2on
11
Mouse re2nal ganglion cell illuminated by Thy-1 driven GFP; immunostaining of S1R in red. Scale = 50 μm
Sigma-1R Ac2ve in the Cell Body
Rat dorsal root ganglia; arrows indicate S1R detected in nuclear envelope and ER. Scale = 2 μm
Sigma-1R located at the ER and NE
The Sigma-1R is mainly expressed in the cell body at the MAM
Yang et al., Neuroscience 331: 148–157, 2016; Guo et al., Sci Rep. 5:10689, 2015 Tsai et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112(47): E6562–E6570, 2015
Overview ANAVEX®2-73 Clinical Trials
ANAVEX®2-73-001 Study: • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled Phase 1 (oral) • Single ascending dose (SAD) • 22 healthy subjects
Popula2on PK, i.e. non-linear mixed effect (NLME) modeling, non-compartmental analysis and formal concept analysis (FCA) and both RNA and whole exome DNA genome sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 2500 Next Genera2on Sequencing (NGS) technology
ANAVEX®2-73-002 Study#: • Randomized, Phase 2a (iv/oral) • 32 mild-to-moderate AD pa2ents • MMSE baseline 16-28 (mean 21) • Adap2ve trial with Popula2on PK • Bioavailability, dose finding (PART A), and
exploratory efficacy with 52 week open-label extension (PART B)
Prepara2on underway
Ini2a2on of subsequent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ANAVEX®2-73 studies: • Re] syndrome • Parkinson’s disease demen2a • Alzheimer’s disease
ClinicalTrials.gov Iden<fier: #NCT02244541; ##NCT02756858
ANAVEX®2-73-003 Study##: • 208-week extension study awer PART B
12
Using Precision Medicine to Increase Clinical Trial Success Rate
13ThomasDWetal.ClinicalDevelopmentSuccessRates2006-2015.BIOIndustryAnalysis
+64%
+38%
14
Re] Syndrome (RTT): A Devasta2ng Monogenic Disorder
§ Re] syndrome (RTT) is caused by spontaneous (de novo) muta2on in the MECP2 gene located on the X chromosome
§ For males the gene muta2on is lethal since males have only one X chromosome (females have two X chromosomes)
§ Affects approximately 16,000 females in U.S. § 1:10-15K females worldwide
§ For females who survive infancy, RTT leads to a deficiency in motor func2on, cogni2ve impairment and seizures
§ There are no approved treatments for RTT
§ FDA granted ANAVEX®2-73 Orphan Drug Designa2on for Re] syndrome
Rare gene2c postnatal progressive neurodevelopmental disorder
Maria Chahrour, Huda Zoghbi., The Story of ReB Syndrome: From Clinic to Neurobiology, Science Direct (2007); D.Valen< et al., Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 46 (2014) 202–217
BDNF X MECP2 gene
15
MECP2 is Mutated in Re] Syndrome Leading to Loss of Neuronal Func2on and Loss of BDNF
15
§ MECP2 is a calcium dependent gene, affects dendri2c spine development and necessary for other gene expressions, including BDNF
§ Loss of MECP2 func2on alters excitatory/inhibitory synap2c balance § MECP2 func2on required for neuronal survival, synap2c development and plas2city § BDNF is an important neuronal plas2city-related gene affected by loss of MECP2
Fasolino M et al., The Crucial Role of DNA Methyla<on and MeCP2 in Neuronal Func<on. Grayson DR, ed. Genes. 2017;8(5):141; Benarroch EE, Neurology. 2015 Apr 21;84(16):1693-704.; Greer PL et al., Neuron. 2008 Sep 25;59(6):846-60
Healthy Individual
MECP2 gene BDNF
Re] Syndrome Individual
X X
Beneficial effect of ANAVEX®2-73: Restores calcium homeostasis
ANAVEX®2-73
ANAVEX®2-73 Regulates Gene Expression and Restores BDNF Levels
16Presented at An<epilep<c Drug Trials XIV 2017 Conference
ANAVEX®2-73 fully restores BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus in the Fmr1 KO mouse model (p<0.05, KO vehicle vs. KO ANAVEX®2-73)
p<0.05
ANAVEX®2-73 Significantly Reduces Impairment in Mutated MECP2 Re] Syndrome Mouse Model
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Clasping
Hindlim
bs(%
)
Mecp2_WTVehicle Mecp2_HETVehicle
Mecp2_HETAV2-73(10mg/kg) Mecp2_HETAV2-73(30mg/kg)
***
*
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Clasping
Hindlim
bs(%
)
Mecp2_WTVehicle Mecp2_HETVehicle
Mecp2_HETAV2-73(10mg/kg) Mecp2_HETAV2-73(30mg/kg)
**
*
Clasping at 8 weeks
Clasping at 12 weeks
p<0.001
p<0.05
p<0.05
p<0.01
Normal Impaired
Mice treated with ANAVEX 2-73 (30 mg/kg) clasped less than vehicle-treated mutant mice (p<0.05 at 8 and 12 weeks)
17
Presentedat2016EpilepsyPipelineConference,2016ReMSyndromeSymposium
Significant Improvement in Mul2ple Movement Impairments
18
Motor Coordina2on and exercise capacity are assessed: ANAVEX®2-73 treated mice took significantly more 2me to fall off rod & fell at higher speeds compared to vehicle-treated mutant mice
Rotarod Planorm that employs computer vision to detect changes in gait geometry and gait dynamics: Gait, Correla2on, Body Mo2on demonstrate significant improvement
Neurocube Wild type (WT) mice have a higher startle response compared to impaired mice: ANAVEX®2-73 treated mice showed a significant increase in startle response compared to vehicle-treated mutant mice
Startle
Presentedat2016EpilepsyPipelineConference,2016ReMSyndromeSymposium
ANAVEX®2-73 Phase 2 Re] Syndrome Study Design
19
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of ANAVEX®2-73
4 weeks Baseline
Observa2on
N<90
8 weeks Full Dose
Treatment
12 Weeks Voluntary
Open Label
Titra2on Treatment
Period
Baseline Observa2on Period
Full Treatment
Period
4 weeks Dose Titra2on
Randomiza2on to 1 of 3 arms
Ini2al screen
AV 2-73: High dose
Placebo
AV 2-73: Low dose
AV 2-73: High dose
Placebo
AV 2-73: Low dose
20
Parkinson’s Disease Demen2a (PDD): A Devasta2ng Demen2a Disorder
§ Parkinson's disease is a fairly common neurological disorder in older adults, es2mated to affect nearly 2 percent of those older than age 65
§ About 1 million Americans have Parkinson's disease
§ It is es2mated that 50 to 80 percent of those with Parkinson's disease eventually experience Parkinson's disease demen2a
§ The brain changes caused by Parkinson's disease begin in a region that plays a key role in movement
§ As Parkinson's brain changes gradually spread, they owen begin to affect mental func2ons, including memory and the ability to pay a]en2on, make sound judgments and plan the steps needed to complete a task
Parkinson’s disease demen2a: Demen2a occurs a year or more awer the onset of motor symptoms
www.alz.org/demen<a/parkinsons-disease-symptoms
ANAVEX®2-73 Targets MAM to Reduce Cellular Damage: How it May Work in Parkinson’s Pathogenesis
21
ANAVEX2-73
§ A specific type of phosphorylated α-syn aggregate leads to neurotoxicity in PD
§ These aggregates co-localize with MAM
§ They induce mitochondrial toxicity, oxida2ve and energe2c stress, mitochondrial fragmenta2on and mitophagy
Grassi et al., PNAS March 13, 2018. 115 (11) E2634-E2643
MAM: Mitochondria-Associated Membrane
Beneficial effect of ANAVEX2-73
Parkinson’s Disease Model: ANAVEX®2-73 Significantly Improves Motor Behaviors
22
§ ANAVEX®2-73 was evaluated in the 6-OHDA Parkinson’s disease model
§ ANAVEX®2-73 significantly improves motor behaviors compare to a double-blind control group (saline)
§ (A) Spontaneous rota2on ac2vity § (B) Cylinder test of forelimb use asymmetry
§ (C) Stepping test of forelimb use asymmetry
Cenci et al., presented at World Parkinson Congress 2016
ANAVEX®2-73 Normalizes Pathophysiological Biomarkers
23
ANAVEX®2-73 significantly decreased the expression of CD68 (marker of ac2vated microglia) in the substan2a nigra
Cenci et al., presented at World Parkinson Congress 2016
Tyrosine-hydroxylase fibers
ANAVEX®2-73 significantly increases tyrosine-hydroxylase fibers (marker of dopaminergic neurons) in the striatum
These results support the hypothesis that pharmacological s2mula2on of the sigma-1 receptor may have both disease-modifying and symptoma2c effects in Parkinson’s disease
ANAVEX®2-73 reduces microglia over-ac2va2on ANAVEX®2-73 restores dopaminergic neurons
52 weeks 104 weeks
ANAVEX®2-73-003 Alzheimer’s Disease Study: Con2nued Favorable Safety and Tolerability through 109 weeks
1. Es2mate the maximal tolerated dose (MTD)
2. Explore a dose-effect rela2onship 3. Es2mate the bioavailability of
ANAVEX 2-73
52 weeks
0 12 days 36 days
wash out period
0 5 weeks
1st Period
2nd Period
PART A 002 Study#
1. Establish con2nued safety and tolerability of ANAVEX 2-73
2. Explore a dose-effect rela2onship
PART B 002 Study#
57 weeks 109 weeks
Establish con2nued safety and tolerability of ANAVEX 2-73
003 Study##
ClinicalTrials.gov Iden<fier: #NCT02244541; ##NCT02756858
52 weeks
24
Part B: All pa2ents on ANAVEX®2-73 oral daily doses of 10mg, 20mg, 30mg, 50mg according to pre-specified
adap2ve trial design implemented during Part A
ANAVEX®2-73 Primary and Secondary Endpoints Met in Phase 2a Clinical Trial of Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Pa2ents
§ Phase 2a results demonstrate a favorable safety, bioavailability, dose-response curve and tolerability/risk profile at doses between 10mg and 50mg of oral daily ANAVEX®2-73
§ Primary endpoints met with favorable safety and tolerability
§ Secondary endpoints met with suppor2ve exploratory biomarker, cogni2on and func2on measures correla2ng
§ Dose-response rela2onship was sta2s2cally significant to affect MMSE-Δ and EEG/ERP-Δ scores with MMSE-Δ (p=0.0285) and EEG/ERP-Δ (p=0.0168), respec2vely
25Macfarlane, presented at CTAD 2016
ANAVEX®2-73 Primary Endpoint Safety Data measured to 57 weeks:
26
§ The most common adverse event (AE): mild dizziness
§ When pa2ents were first dosed with highest dose
§ Was transient and reversible
§ Consistent with Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) penetra2on
§ 98% of all AEs were mild or moderate and reversible with 76% being Grade 1
§ 2% were not drug-related Grade 3
§ There were no Grade 4 and 5 events
§ AE profile similar to that of healthy volunteer Phase 1 data
§ No differences in blood pressure or res2ng heart rate
§ Clinical laboratory parameters, vital signs, and 12-lead ECG did not show any clinically relevant or dose-dependent changes
Voges et al., presented at CNS Summit 2014; Macfarlane, presented at CTAD 2016
Secondary Endpoints: High ANAVEX®2-73 Concentra2on linked to Consistent Improved Response Across All Analytes and Periods
27
ANAVEX®2-73 concentra2on
MMSE Improvement
Part A1 [0-24h] Immediate response
Part A2 [24-264h] Short-term response
Part B [52 weeks] Long-term response
Implies
ADCS-ADL Improvement
Part A1 [0-24h] Part A2 [24-264h] Part B [52 weeks] Immediate response Short-term response Long-term response
ANAVEX®2-73 shows a consistent response across the 3 different 2mes frames:
Afshar et al., presented at CTAD 2017
Robust Dose(Concentra2on)/Response Effect of ANAVEX®2-73
28
54% High dose -> Improved
response
43% Low dose -> Poor response
High dose -> Poor response or Low dose -> Improved response
3%
97%
97% Consistency: MMSE, ADCS-ADL and EEG/ERPs: Iden2fied rela2ons show that high dose (concentra2on) is linked to improved
response and low dose (concentra2on) to poor response
Systema2c explora2on of the full data matrix using KEM® demonstrates consistent concentra2on-response rela2onship for 6 main exploratory endpoints: cogni2on, func2on and biomarker (MMSE, ADCS-ADL, EEG/ERPs)
Afshar et al., presented at CTAD 2017
29
Increasing
Decreasing
High Medium Low
Concentra2on ANAVEX2-73 (ng/mL), Part B
Rela2on between ANAVEX®2-73 Concentra2on and MMSE An increase of MMSE during 57 weeks is a rare event. A pa2ent receiving a higher
concentra2on of ANAVEX2-73 has a 2.1-fold chance of improving its MMSE
MMSE increases High Concentra2on
Low Concentra2on
MMSE decreases
Afshar et al., presented at CTAD 2017
Rela2on between ANAVEX®2-73 Concentra2on and ADCS-ADL
30
An increase of ADCS-ADL during 57 weeks is a rare event. A pa2ent receiving a higher concentra2on of ANAVEX2-73 has a 1.6-fold chance of improving its ADCS-ADL
Concentra2on ANAVEX2-73 (ng/mL), Part B
High
Medium
High Medium Low
ADCS-ADL increases
ADCS-ADL decreases
High Concentra2on
Low Concentra2on
Low
Afshar et al., presented at CTAD 2017
Pa2ent Cohort with Cogni2ve and Func2onal Improvements at 57 Weeks: Retained Response at 109 Weeks
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
0 5 17 31 41 53 57 70 83 96 109
MM
SE
Weeks
101009
101011
101013
101014
102006
102010
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
0 5 17 31 41 53 57 70 83 96 109
AD
CS-
AD
L
Weeks
101009
101011
101013
101014
102006
102010
MMSE and ADCS-ADL remained steady over 27 months (109 weeks)
§ Cohort displayed highest concentra2ons of ANAVEX®2-73
31
§ Pa2ents with milder disease stage (baseline MMSE >20) tended to respond be]er to ANAVEX®2-73 than pa2ents with more advanced disease stage (baseline MMSE <20)
Afshar et al., presented at CTAD 2017
MMSE Δ and ADCS-ADL Δ Significantly Different to SoC AD
32
§ Comparison to historical control subjects with mild-to-moderate AD with comparable MMSE baseline, assigned to the placebo arm from pooled cohort study conducted by the Alzheimer Disease Coopera2ve Study Group, age adjusted#
C Bernick, J Cummings, R Raman, X Sun, P Aisen, Arch Neurol. 2012;69(7):901-905. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2011.3758. RG Thomas, M Albert, RC Petersen, PS Aisen, Alzheimers Dement. 2016 May;12(5):598-603; Data: Macfarlane, presented at CTAD 2016
1.8 MMSE points improvement to historical control (SoC)# at week 57 (p=0.0164)
4 ADCS-ADL points improvement to historical control (SoC)# at week 57 (p=0.0186)
1.8 MMSE points difference 4 ADCS-ADL points difference
Summary
§ ANAVEX®2-73 appears to have a favorable safety profile and to be generally well tolerated
§ ANAVEX®2-73 has demonstrated efficacy in the clinic as well as in mul2ple preclinical disease models valida2ng the Sigma-1R mechanism of ac2on
§ Gene2c Signatures for those who respond best to ANAVEX®2-73 have been determined
§ These signatures can be applied to neurological indica2ons beyond Alzheimer’s disease, such as Re] syndrome and Parkinson’s disease demen2a
§ Three clinical trials will be ini2ated in 2018 for Re] syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease demen2a
§ Anavex has enough cash for 2 years
33
Financial Posi2on and Near Term Catalysts
34
§ Cash (as of March 31, 2018): $25.7M; No debt
§ The company is well capitalized to achieve clinical readouts
Orphan Drug Designa2ons granted for the following indica2ons: Re] syndrome, Infan2le spasms and Frontotemporal demen2a
Phase 2a – Reported 109 week data at CTAD scien2fic mee2ng
Phase 2a – PK/PD data CTAD scien2fic mee2ng
Phase 2 clinical trial in Re] syndrome – IND filed
Phase 2 clinical trial in Parkinson’s disease demen2a (PDD)
Phase 2/3 clinical trial in Alzheimer’s disease
Ongoing in-licensing/out-licensing review to op<mize value of pipeline
þ
þ þ
Anavex Life Sciences Exper2se
35
ChristopherU.Missling,PhD
President&CEO
FDA Commissioner's Award of Excellence
ManagementTeam
EmmanuelOFadiran,RPh,PhD
SVPofRegulatoryAffairs
PaulVancutsem,DVM,PhD
VPofPreclinicalDevelopment
Jeffrey Cummings, MD
Paul Aisen, MD
Harald Hampel, MD, PhD
Norman Relkin, MD, PhD
Abraham Fisher, PhD
ScienIficAdvisoryBoardMembers
StephanToutain,MS,MBA
SVPofOperaIons
DanielKlamer,PhD
VPofBusinessDevelopment&ScienIficStrategy
Jacqueline French, MD
Andrew Cole, MD
Tanya Simuni, MD
Daniel Weintraub, MD
Tangui Maurice, PhD
Contact Us
36
Corporate Office: Anavex™ Life Sciences Corp. 51 West 52nd Street, 7th floor New York, NY 10019 1-844-689-3939
Shareholder & Media Rela2ons: Solebury Trout [email protected] www.anavex.com NASDAQ: AVXL
ANAVEX is a trademark of Anavex Life Sciences Corp.
Back Up Slides
37
Comprehensive Phase 2a Pa2ent Characteriza2on to Iden2fy Ac2onable Phase 2/3 Clinical Trial Parameters
38
Ariana’s KEM® data analy2cs: § Systema2c integrated analysis of all
combined parameters § Iden2fica2on of ac2onable parameters § Design of an op2mized Phase 2/3 clinical trial
Popula2on PK
DNA FGS
RNA FGS
Scores Baseline
MMSE ADCS-ADL COGSTATE EEG/ERP HAM-D
Scores Evolu<on
MMSE ADCS-ADL COGSTATE EEG/ERP HAM-D
Clinical assessment, Vital signs,
co-medica<on, …
==
FGS: Full Exome Genomic Sequencing
Gut Microbiota
Example of a Gene “Signature”: BDNF Polymorphism Val66met
Sources: 1) Zeev BB et al Neurology. 2009 Apr 7;72(14):1242-7 2) Boots EA et al Neurology. 2017 May 3; 3) Tanila H Neurobiol Dis. 2017 Jan;97(Pt B):114-118
BDNF Val66met polymorphism directly correlates with:
AcceleratedcogniIvedeclineandincreasedAβaccumulaIon
inAlzheimer’sdisease2,3
BDNF Val66met Polymorphism implicated in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenera2ve Disorders
HigherseizurefrequencyandseverityofReVsyndromesymptoms1
39
1/3 of all pa2ents have this muta2on
Example of a Targeted Genomic-Driven Clinical Trial Approach in Alzheimer’s Disease
40BootsEAetal.,Neurology.2017May30;88(22):2098-210BrookmeyeraRetal.,Alzheimer’s&DemenYa.2017inpress
Pa2ent Genomic Analysis - Number of Associated Gene2c Muta2ons Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease have Increased
41E.Cuwersetal.,LancetNeurol.2016Jul;15(8):857-868
GWAS = genome-wide associa2on studies
Contribu2on of gene variants to the development of Alzheimer's disease has clinical implica2ons, including enhancing diagnos2c accuracy and providing targets for pre-specified drug development
Rare Disease Drug Discovery Approach: Higher Success Rate of Clinical Trials Expected
42
Shiw to Use Precision Medicine to Break the No2on That Alzheimer’s is a Single Disease § Researchers are star2ng to combine gene2cs with lessons learned from the
failed β amyloid-based clinical trials, not only to find new targets but also to stra2fy pa2ents
§ The view now is that the disease is more like cancer, a heterogeneous condi2on that can be kicked off by a variety of cellular mechanisms
§ The key is to iden2fy those mechanisms and match them to the right pa2ents
43
Alzheimer’s disease research has moved away from β amyloid, tau, and cholinergic targets and shiwed toward other targets
Breakdown of the alterna2ve targets in 2017
McCallister, E. “Diagnosing AD trials.” BioCentury (2017)
Examples of Con2nued Improvements and Reported Events ‘Therapeu2c Response’ during 57 Weeks
44
PATIENT EVENTS:THERAPEUTICRESPONSEUNEXPECTED
101001 MOREALERTREGARDINGSURROUNDINGS
101002 FEELSMUCHHAPPIERMAKINGJOKES
101003 MUCHHAPPIERWHENATTENDINGCLINICAPPTSANDENJOYSMAKINGJOKESANDENGAGESWELLINCONVERSATION
101004 BETTERHANDCOORDINATION.CALMERANDMORECOMMUNICATIVE
101006 IMPROVINGMOODS.READINGMOREBOOKS
101007ABILITYTOPLAYTHEPIANOANDREADMUSICNOTESATABOUT9MONTHSINTOTRIAL.SHEUSEDTOPLAYTHEPIANOATAGE5ANDLOSTHERABILITYPRE-ALZHEIMERTRIAL
101010 ABLETOFOLLOWPLOTWHENWATCHINGMOVIESWHEREASPREVIOUSLYCOULDNOT
101010 MORECOMPASSIONFORCHILDREN
101011 WIFETHINKSPATIENTISABITMORECHEERFUL
101013 ABLETODOMUCHMOREHOUSEWORKTHANBEFORE
101013 MOREDRIVENANDUPBEATLESSANXIOUSACCORDINGTOCARER
101014ANINTERNATIONALARTISTWHORESUMEDHERPAINTINGABILITIESANDNOWHAVINGANEXHIBITIONINNOV2016.WRITTENA3PAGELETTERTOLONGLOSTBROTHER
101015 PLAYINGMOREGOLFNOWBYHIMSELF.MORECONFIDENTATGOINGOUTBYHIMSELF
101017 ENJOYEDHERTRIPTOBELGIUM-TALKSABOUTSOMEBITSOFHERTRIP
102001 IMPROVEDENGAGEMENTWITHFAMILY/FRIENDS/OUTSIDEWORLD
102008 IMPROVEMENTINMOOD
102010 FEELINGGREAT-IMPROVEMENTINCOGNITIONANDMOOD,BALANCEANDGAITHASIMPROVED
103001 PATIENTREMEMBERINGSOMETHINGHEWOULDN'THAVEPREVIOUSLY
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
MM
SE
Weeks
Examples of MMSE "Strong" Pa2ent Responders
HAM-D: Reduc2on of Insomnia, Anxiety and other Symptoms
Improved Items of HAM-D Scored Improvement Count in [%]
Insomnia 8 29%
Work and ac2vi2es 6 21%
Anxiety (psychic and soma2c) 5 18%
Agita2on 4 14%
Depressed 4 14%
Insight 3 11%
Hypochondriasis 2 7%
Loss of libido or other genital symptoms 2 7%
Guilt 1 4%
Total 28
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Baseline 31 week
HAM
-D M
ean
± SE
M
*p<0.05
45
ANAVEX®2-73: Robust Correla2on of Cogni2on, Func2on and Behavior Response
46
§ Principal component analysis of the Δ sub-scores between week 31 and baseline for MMSE (MM), ADCS-ADL (AD), and HAM-D (HA)
Good = increasing MM& AD, decreasing HA Bad = decreasing (MM & AD), increasing HA
ANAVEX®2-73 Response cluster in a homogenous manner: Consistent response across mul2ple domains
ANAVEX®2-73 Rescues Synap2c Networks and has Posi2ve Effect on Cogni2on and Behavior
EEG/ERP peak measures (P300)
ERP target detec2on task measures
Cogstate: Cogni2ve measures
MMSE: Cogni2ve measures
ADCS-ADL: Behavioral measures
1. ERP peak measures (P300): fundamental measures of synap2c network performance
2. ERP target detec2on task measures: direct measures of a]en2on, speed of brain processing, and simple behavioral performance
3. Psychometric measures (Cogstate) cogni2ve measures: Detec2on: processing speed (psychomotor func2on), Iden2fica2on: reac2on 2me (a]en2on), One Back: working memory (cogni2on), One Card Learning: visual learning (visual memory), ISLT: verbal learning, ISLT-delay: verbal memory
4. Psychometric measures (MMSE): cogni2ve measures
5. Behavioral measures (ADCS-ADL): behavioral measures
Each of these metrics measures a higher level of brain func2on
47
Comprehensive Pre-Specified PK Sampling Protocol during Phase 2a Study
48
Measures(hours)
48 120 192 264
012 6 8 12 18 24
72 48 120 192 264
012 6 8 12 18 24
72
Dailyintake
Period1 Washout Period2
PartA:IV(3/5mg),Oral(30/50mg) PartB:Oral(10to50mg)
Part B: All pa2ents on ANAVEX®2-73 oral daily doses of 10mg, 20mg, 30mg, 50mg according to pre-specified adap2ve trial design implemented during Part A
Clearance of ANAVEX®2-73 Independent of given Dose
49
Total average drug exposure over 2me AUC(0 to infinity)
Area Under the Curve, 0-24h
ANAVEX2-73 Treatment
Confirmed Reliable Inter-Individual Variability (Dispersion) for the ANAVEX2-73 Phase 2a Study with 32 Pa2ent Cohort
50
§ Evalua2on of the dispersion index of all the 32 pa2ent of the Phase 2a reveals that above any random sample of 16 pa2ents, the dispersion index is maintained at a fixed level with the narrowest confidence intervals
§ That is confirma2on that the sample of 32 pa2ents of the Phase 2a provides reliable informa2on regarding dispersion and as such allows for meaningful predic2ons for larger popula2ons
12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32-13
-12.5
-12
-11.5
-11
-10.5
-10
-9.5
-9
-8.5
-8
Sample size
Disp
ersi
on in
dex
Real data
12 16 24 32
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
Disp
ersi
on in
dex
Sample size
Bootstraped data
Alzheimer Disease Progression: Comparable cogni2ve decline in open-label studies as in placebo-controlled studies
51
Progressive decline in cogni2on: Open-label study with SoC#
# Doody RS et al (2001) Arch Neurol. 58(3):427-433 (SoC = donepezil) ## Figure adapted from Doody RS et al (2013) N Engl J Med; 369:341-350 (SoC = Ach inhibitors and/or meman<ne)
Progressive decline in cogni2on: Double-blind placebo-controlled study with SoC##
Placebo(Donepezil)Donepezil5mg(Donepezil)Donepezil10mg(Donepezil)
52 weeks
52 weeks
Weeks
52 0 12 28 40 64 76
ADAS
-Cog
Cha
nge
from
bas
elin
e
§ Open-label and double-blind controlled studies equivalent for long-term cogni2on changes
ANAVEX®2-73: Dose-Dependent An2-Seizure Effects
52
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
MES-induced convulsions
PTZ-induced convulsions
% o
f Sei
zure
redu
c2on
PresentedatAESMeeYng2015,#resultshavebeenconfirmedbytheETSPscreeningprogram;PresentedatAEDD2017
Significant Seizure Reduc2on with ANAVEX®2-73 in both MES and PTZ-Induced Seizure Models
Vehicle 10 mg/kg (p.o.)
30 mg/kg (p.o.)
100 mg/kg (p.o.)
p=0.0065
Significant Seizure Reduc2on with ANAVEX®2-73 in Angelman Seizure Model ANAVEX 2-73 (10 mg/kg ip dosed daily for 14 days)
p<0.001
Significant Reduc2on Number of Spasms with Pre-treated ANAVEX®2-73 in Infant Rat Model
(30mg/kg ip)�
ü At all doses tested ANAVEX®2-73 reduced novelty/stress-induced ac2vity while basal ac2vity levels were not significantly affected
ü Mouse behavioral and motor pa]erns were completely normal; no signs of dystonia or stereotypic behaviors were observed
ü Chronic treatment with ANAVEX®2-73 (0.3 & 1.0 mg/kg) to 6-OH-DA-lesioned mice yielded a general motor recovery, accompanied by improved dopamine neuronal survival, and reduced microglia ac2va2on in the substan2a nigra
These results support the hypothesis that pharmacological s2mula2on of the S1R may have disease-modifying effects in
parkinsonian disorders, and iden2fy ANAVEX®2-73 as a suitable inves2ga2onal drug for these indica2ons
Posi2ve Preclinical Data in Parkinson’s Disease
Cenci et al., presented at World Parkinson Congress 2016 53
Sigma-1 Receptor Ac2va2on and Neurodegenera2ve Diseases
54
Novel Target: Sigma-1 Receptor
55Su et al., Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2016
Confirmed Effects of Sigma-1 Receptor Ac2va2on …
ü Synaptogenesis
ü Restores Ca2+ imbalance
ü Reduces Inflamma2on
ü Reduces Oxida2ve stress
ü Reduces Tau hyper-phosporyla2on
ü Restores Mitochondrial dysfuncion
ü Reduces Protein Misfolding
56
… effects relevant in both neurodevelopmental as well as neurodegenera2ve diseases
ANAVEX®3-71 Significantly Decreases Hallmark Pathologies in 3xTg-Alzheimer’s Disease Model
§ 10 month-old 3xTg-AD and WT mice
§ administered i.p. with tap water or ANAVEX®3-71 (10 mcg/kg/day) for 2 months
Source: Fisher et al., Neurodegenera<ve Diseases 2015 DOI: 10.1159/000440864 57
Sigma-1 Receptor’s Role in Regula2ng Gene Transcrip2on
58
Sigma-1 receptor agonist such as ANAVEX 2-73
Adapted from Su, Tsai et al.,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2015 Nov 24; 112(47):E6562-E65570
S1R can translocate to the nuclear envelope where it binds emerin that in turn recruits barrier-to-autointegra2on factor (BAF) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) to form a complex with specific protein 3 (Sp3) which can then suppress the gene transcrip2on of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB)
Pathological GSK-3β Ac2va2on can be Inhibited with ANAVEX®2-73
Source: Inestrosa et al. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (2014), 6, 64–74
Injec2on of Aβ25-35 yields a hyper-inflammatory state that is accompanied by increases in GSK-3β phosphoryla2on in the hippocampus --> An Effect reduced by ANAVEX 2-73
Possible means to impact underlying pathology of various neurodegenera2ve and neurodevelopmental disorders
Lahmy et al., Neuropsychopharmacol., 2013
Ac2ve GSK-3β has been found in AD brains with neurofibrillary changes and an increase in tau hyperphosphoryla2on, neurodegenera2on and spa2al learning deficits. Ac2vated GSK-3β also s2mulates the amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretases
59
60 Sources: GlobalGenes.org1, PhRMA, NIBR 60
61