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A Partial Fulfillment for Math 600A (Statistics)
Citation preview
THE MOST PREFERRED SHOPPING METHOD OF CFAD STUDENTS
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
FOR MATH 600A (STATISTICS)
SUBMITTED BY:
CORTEZ, FRANCESCA MIRANDA, MA. NIEVES LUCILA ORSIA, MCVIE KRISTINE
3IND-2
MARCH 2013
SUBMITTED TO:
PROF. CRISENCIO M. PANER M.S.C.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ........................................................................1
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY .............................................................................1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .......................................................................2
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.........................................................................2
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS .................................................................................3
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................................................4
SHOPPING METHODS ..........................................................................................4
SHOPPING HABITS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ................................................7
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................8
CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS ...........................................................................10
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................18
BIBILIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................19
1
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
In the world today, people face economic trials that force them to become both
entrepreneurs and consumers knowing that in order to survive, we must provide for ourselves.
Although most people prefer to stay consumers for buying, rather than making or producing
something, is convenient. To get through each day, we need necessities like food, clothing,
shelter, and as a college student, shopping has become a daily habit in order to cope up with the
requirements of school.
Most would say that being in college is the most tedious and challenging part of being a
student. At times, due to the demands of school, family and other activities, college students are
not able to make very informed decisions on where to buy their needs.
Time is of the essence when one is a student. Mastering time management is pivotal for a
successful college life. Financial stability too is a requirement for a booming college life, which
is why some college students opt to find new ways of earning to be able to cope up with the
financial demands of higher education. Students of the College of Fine Arts and Design (CFAD)
are no different. Like all other courses, CFAD courses (Advertising, Industrial Design, Interior
Design, and Painting) demand time, hard work, and perseverance in order for their students to
not only succeed but also be the best in their chosen fields. But with that demand comes fatigue
and stress, and with those two factors, students are not able to function optimally and, in turn,
they do not make informed decisions at times.
In light of that, this research will explore different shopping methods in order to help
students and entrepreneurs in making informed decisions about where to buy and sell items. This
2
research will present shopping methods utilized prevalently in our current time and analyze their
advantages and disadvantages all the while determining the most efficient way to purchase and
sell goods.
Objectives of the Study
This study aims to fulfill the following objectives:
1. To determine which is the most utilized method of shopping by the CFAD students.
2. To determine which items – besides materials for their plates – CFAD students are
investing most of their money on.
Statement of the Problem
With time and convenience being the foremost factors in decision making today, students
in particular may not make informed decisions given their bustling school lives. With that in
mind, they sometimes end up buying something that is more expensive than it should because
they lack information on the shopping methods that are offered today.
Significance of the Study
This study aims to distinguish the preferred shopping method of CFAD students and, by
doing so, it would give aspiring and veteran entrepreneurs a better insight on their shoppers’
behavior. Also, this study will provide CFAD students more options in shopping to help them
make informed decisions.
3
Scope and Limitations
This study will focus mainly on CFAD students from 1st to 4th year, including irregular
students. Also, due to time constraints and the availability of the both the researchers and the
respondents, only 50 students will be needed. Furthermore, only four shopping methods will be
discussed: Department Store Shopping, Boutique/Mall Shopping, Thrift Shopping, and Online
Shopping.
4
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Shopping Methods
Shopping may be defined as the act of searching for something with the intent of
acquiring it (Farlex). Today, with the advancement of technology, comes the emergence of
convenience. Simple tasks such as buying goods at a store may be done over the internet without
the need to bother oneself in going to the actual store for everything can be done in the comfort
of one’s home or an internet shop. With this in mind, one might think of the future of shopping.
Will there be any new malls in the future seeing as technology has presented mankind with fast
and convenient ways of purchasing goods? Or, will technology eventually come to a halt and
man will revert back to purchasing goods in shops as before? Whatever may happen, the very
significance of learning different shopping methods is that it gives a person options because
some factors may prevent them from choosing their usual choice. Also, being acquainted with
the prevalent shopping methods of the current time will give consumers options as to which
method will best satisfy their need.
I. Traditional Shopping
Before the existence of the internet, shopping was done mostly by going to the
stores that contain what you want or need and purchasing it (Nutt, 2009). This is
called Traditional Shopping. Another way to put this method of shopping is by calling
it In-Store shopping, which is the act of shopping done inside a store (in-store). As
such, there are a number of stores which people visit, but for the purpose of this
study, the researchers will only tackle three kinds of stores: Department Stores,
Boutiques, and Thrift Stores.
5
i. Department Stores
Commonly located in a mall, a department store is a large
retail establishment with an extensive assortment of goods, organized into
separate departments. All departments are housed under the same roof to
facilitate buying, customer service, merchandising, and control
(Department Store). In view of the previous statement, most shoppers
flock to department stores because of its diverse collection of goods and
its convenience. With such a diverse collection, department stores are
organized in to three tiers. First, there is the High Fashion tier which
houses designer merchandise which pare priced highly. Second, there is
the Modestly Priced Tier, the price of the items in this tier is in between
the first and the third tier making this tier affordable for most shoppers.
Third, is the Value Oriented Tier which houses low priced items for the
price-conscious shoppers and it is the most affordable out of the three tiers
(Chico).
ii. Boutiques
A boutique is small shop located within a larger one. Commonly
thought of as a small shopping outlet, especially one that specializes in
elite fashionable items such as clothing and jewelry (Ask Define:
Boutique). That concept is somewhat of a true however, they do not only
focus on fashion pieces for they may also exotic food, beverages, perfume,
and novelty items. They are not as diverse as department stores but
6
boutiques have proven to sell one of a kind items seeing as they mostly
carry elite products and are found in wealthier regions of an area (What is
a Boutique?).
iii. Thrift Stores
Thrift stores are resale shops that sell used goods. Usually, a thrift
store builds its inventory from donations given by non-profit organizations
(Collins, 2012), like charities and churches, in which the profit is used for
the causes of those organizations. Organizations like these aggressively
seek out donated merchandise via drop-off centers and warehouses (What
are Thrift Shops?).
II. Home Shopping
Home shopping is searching and purchasing goods from one’s home. With the
advent of shopping networks on television and the online shops, more people are
becoming accustomed to doing their purchasing within the comfort of their own
homes, away from the crowd and bustling atmosphere of shopping complexes.
i. Shopping Networks
Since its inception in 1977, home shopping networks have given
consumer a different shopping experience. With this, the consumer does
not need to leave his or her home instead, product information is given to
them through the demonstration and discounts are offered for a limited
time to entice the customers to buy as soon as possible. Different items are
shown over a certain amount of time before it moves on to another item.
7
All the while, the viewer is watching, the presenters entice them to call the
number on their screens to order the item being advertised (Home
Shopping)
ii. Online Shopping
With the dawn of the internet, entrepreneurs seized the opportunity
to expand their businesses online via social networking sites and
advertisements. The consumers are enticed to buy from their online shops
because of the convenience of having all the information they need about
the product instantly while being in the comfort of their own homes. But,
sometimes the mode of payment is limited to only one or less, which may
pose a problem for the customer. Also, shipping time may be problematic
depending on the urgency of the item as well as the condition of the
product when it the customer receives it (Nutt, 2009).
Shopping Habits of College Students
According to an infographic regarding the spending habits of college students from
dailyinfographic.com, most college students spend most of their money on the following: 40%
on discretionary items such as clothing, entertainment, gadgets, and etc.; 26% on room and
board; 19% on tuition and fees; and 12% on other expenses. In light of that, according to the
same infographic, college students spend 11.4 hours a day with their gadgets and that an average
college student owns 6 digital devices. Also, 97% own a laptop; 94% own a mobile phone; 25%
own a tablet; and 3.3% own an ebook reader (Tim, 2012).
8
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
In this study, a survey was used in order to obtain information on the shopping
preferences of the sample group. In order to come up with the sample group, the researchers
elected to use cluster sampling. It is a random sampling method that samples naturally occurring
sub groups in a population (Types of Random Sampling). Taking into consideration the
definition of cluster sampling, the researchers decided to survey students in CFAD. This research
shall be imploring the use of Descriptive Statistics which deals with quantitative data
(Descriptive Statistics).
Students from 1st to 4th year were asked to answer a survey. The irregular students were
instructed to choose the year level which most of their subjects belonged to.
In order to come up with the targeted 50 respondents for this research, the researchers
elected to use to mediums for the survey: online and print. Online surveys are advantageous
because one does not have to wait for the respondents to finish and the researchers are free to do
whatever else needs to be done in order to finish the research. The print also has its advantages
because it enables the researchers to continue having their surveys answered while others are
answering the online survey. It took two days to come up with a total of 50 respondents and most
of them came from the printed survey.
The questions in the survey include the name, course, year, allowance range and school
expenses, experience with different shopping methods, and their shopping habits.
The allowance range, as well as the frequency of their allowance, enabled the researchers
to figure out how much of their money is spent on school supplies and other non-school items.
9
Also, their familiarity with the different shopping methods, and their experience with them, also
helped in determining whether what their preferred shopping method is.
The respondents were also give a check list containing items which most college students
invest in. The respondents were instructed to tick the boxes which applied to them.
Below is a sample of the survey.
Figure 1: Sample Survey
10
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
Random sampling was done throughout the College of Fine Arts, and Industrial design
students were the majority of the ones who were part of this investigation. Next is Advertising
students which resulted to 35%, followed by Interior design students. Few majors in Painting
were able to take part in this Investigation.
The graph above shows that most of the respondents came from the third year CFAD
students. This is due to the fact that the researcher themselves are in their third year of college
ADVERTISING
35%
INDUSTRIAL
DESIGN
40%
INTERIOR DESIGN
21%
PAINTING
4%
COLLEGE OF FINE ARTS AND DESIGN
COURSES
FIRST YEAR
4%
SECOND
YEAR
27%
THIRD YEAR
61%
FOURTH YEAR
8%
YEAR LEVELS
11
and due to the aforementioned limitations, they took advantage of their resources and surveyed
students mostly from their year level.
58% percent of the results were from female correspondents. Only a slight advantage to
the male correspondents which garnered 42%.
There is only a slight advantage in results between students having an allowance of P200-
P499 and P500-P999. Some would say they are given P1000-P1500. The mean of which is P783
while the median is P749.50. The mode, the most frequent of the respondents, is P200-499.
P200-P499
41%
P500-P999
35%
P1000-
P1500
22%
ABOVE P1500
2%
1. AMONG THE NUMBERS BELOW, WHICH
RANGE DOES YOUR ALLOWANCE BELONG
TO?
MALE
42%
FEMALE
58%
GENDER
12
Most students are given allowances on a weekly basis. Although many would like this
better than a daily basis, just because it is more flexible depending on the expenses a person may
have in a day. Simply put, it does not limit you unlike having an allowance on a day-by-day
basis. This poses as a challenge because students learn to budget their money wisely throughout
a whole week making they learn to balance what they have, despite having many expenses.
In any college, spending is something part of each student’s life – and such is also the
case for CFAD students. Most plates would require students to have materials like boards,
P200-P499
43%
P500-P999
47%
P1000-P1500
8%
ABOVE P1500
2%
3. WHICH RANGE REPRESENTS YOUR
AVERAGE SCHOOL EXPENSES IN A WEEK?
DAILY
45%
WEEKLY
52%
OTHER
3%
2. HOW OFTEN DO YOU GET YOUR
ALLOWANCE?
13
markers, technical pens, etc. in order to fulfill the task given. That is why results were that
students spend P200-P499 and the other half P500-P999 a week.
The Graph shows the percentage of respondents who stated what their preferred shopping
method is. The graph shows that majority (43%) of the total respondents usually shop in
department stores. 29% of the total respondents stated that they usually shop in thrift shops,
while 23% of the total respondents state they shop in boutiques or mall shops while none of the
respondents shop online
The graph shows the percentage distribution of shopping method convenience of the
respondents from the College of Fine Arts and Design.
BOUTIQUES/MALL
SHOPS
23%
DEPARTMENT
STORES
43%
THRIFT SHOPS
34%
ONLINE SHOPS
0%
4. WHAT IS YOUR PREFERRED SHOPPING
METHOD?
14
Most of them said that their preferred shopping mode is convenient for them. This is
because each medium of shopping, satisfies the different needs and of each Fine Arts student.
Graph 6 represents the response to the above question. The graph also shows that
majority of the respondents (58%) have not tried online shopping.
YES
42%
NO
58%
6. HAVE YOU TRIED ONLINE SHOPPING?
YES
98%
NO
2%
5. IS THAT SHOPPING METHOD CONVENIENT
FOR YOU?
15
Question 7 and 8 required the respondents to write down their answer. Due to the
difficulty in tallying the answers for the aforementioned questions, the researchers have decided
to filter their answers according to their implications and will only discuss the most recurring of
those responses.
Question 7 asked the respondents what enticed them to shop online. Although different
answers were written, the most recurring of all the answers talks about the convenience of
shopping online. Next to convenience would be the rarity of the item they wished to purchase as
well as the bargains.
Question 8 asked the respondents what are the pros and cons of their usual shopping
method. For the pros, most of them answered that is cheaper as well as they can inspect the item
before purchasing and that it is near their home. Also, they said that there were bargains and that
they can lower the price if it is not fixed. Lastly, they mentioned that their preferred shopping
method had air conditioning.
The cons included crowdedness of the place as well as the heat exuded from it. Some of
them answered that it is tiring and expensive to travel between their homes. Also, some of the
items they are looking for cannot be found where they usually shop.
16
The respondents answered that most of them (85%) are willing to try a different shopping
method next time they decide to go shopping. This shows that most of the respondents are open
to different shopping methods which will allow them to satisfy their shopping needs depending
on their situation.
The Graph shows the contrast of the material goods the respondents mostly invest in
aside from school supplies. Out of a total of 50 samples, majority of the 46 samples invest in
Fashion pieces.
YES
85%
NO
15%
9. WILL YOU TRY A
DIFFERENTSHOPPING METHOD NEXT
TIME?
0 10 20 30 40 50
GADGETS
FASHION PIECES
MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTS
CONCERT TICKETS
TRAVEL TICKETS
READING MATERIALS
OTHER
10. ASIDE FROM SCHOOL SUPPLIES,
CHECK ALL THOSE YOU INVEST IN.
17
Making the second most invested material, 43 invest in Reading materials. Moreover, 39
invest in Gadgets, 38 invest in multimedia products, 24 invest in concert tickets, 23 invest in
travel tickets, and 4 invest in others which consists of bills and food.
18
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusion
According to the results of the survey, the most preferred shopping method of CFAD
students would be shopping in a department store which took up 43% of a total of 50
respondents. It is followed by Thrift shopping (34%) and Boutique/Mall Shopping (23%). None
of the respondents preferred online shopping.
Despite spending for school materials, the researchers have found that CFAD students
invest mostly in Fashion Pieces which was the answer of 92% of the total 50 respondents.
Recommendations
After a thorough analysis of data, the following recommendations are hereby made:
1. Increasing the number of correspondents would help in having a wider range of
results for better understanding on the preferences of shopping mediums. Having
more respondents would help give a broader perspective in the analysis of data,
and why these different mediums are preferred by each individual.
2. A variety of questions for each mode of shopping should be made for a more
thorough analysis. For example in Department stores, several questions about
convenience, efficiency, and safety, should be asked. A ranking system of having
1 as least convenient, and 10 as being convenient. This would help in determining
several factors why these mediums are preferred more be Fine Art students.
3. Also, multiple choice type questions are to be observed for a swifter tallying of
responses and a clearer representation of date as well.
19
Sources
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http://boutique.askdefine.com/
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Collins, C. (2012, January 19). What is a Thrift Store? Retrieved January 23, 2013, from
The Thrifty Mama: http://www.thethriftymama.com/what-is-a-thrift-store.html
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20
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