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Appendix A
Conference Contributions
• J. G. J. Krige, M. J. Grobler and H. Marais “A Test-bed Implementation of Energy
Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols, Southern African Telecommu-
nications and Networks Access Conference (SATNAC), George, South Africa, Sept.
2012.
• J. G. J. Krige, M. J. Grobler and H. Marais “A Novel Energy Consumption As-
certaining Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Test-bed, Southern African
Telecommunications and Networks Access Conference (SATNAC), Stellenbosch, South
Africa, Sept. 2013.
• J. G. J. Krige, M. J. Grobler and H. Marais “A Novel Wireless Sensor Network
Test-bed Sensor Node, IEEE Africon, Port Louis, Mauritius, Sept. 2013.
99
Appendix B
Sensor Node Design Schematics
100
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
DD
CC
BB
AA
Title
Num
berR
evisionSize
A4
Date:
12/11/2013Sheet of
File:C
:\Users\..\C
harger_&_Pow
er_Supply.SchDocDraw
n By:
D2
LE
D0
PG7
VB
AT
9V
DD
1
VSS
5
TH
ER
M8
STA
T1
3
STA
T2
4PR
OG
6
VB
AT
10
VD
D2
U1
MC
P73833-AM
I/UN
GN
D1
VO
UT
2V
IN3
U2
MC
P1700 - 3.0 V1100m
Ah
Battery
470
R1
R1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
10
J1D C
onnector 9
VIN
4.7K
R5
Rprog
D3
LE
D1
D4
LE
D2
470
R2
R2
470
R3
R3
GN
D
4.7uF
C1
Cap
GN
D
4.7uF
C2
Cap
1uF
C3
Cap
1uF
C4
Cap
VD
D 3.0 V
10K
R4
Res3
GN
D
GN
D
10 K
R7
Rt2
Rprog = 1K
Charge current = 1A
470
R6
Rt1
10 K
R8
NT
C
231
S1
SW-SPD
T
VB
AT
+
Charger &
Power Supply
J.G.J. K
rige
Rprog = 4.7K
Charge current = 212.77m
A
The tem
perature control circuit is available on the PCB
, however it is not im
plemented.
R6 is shorted and the N
TC
is not connected.
S1b
S1bS1c
S1l
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
DD
CC
BB
AA
Title
Num
berR
evisionSize
A4
Date:
07/10/2013Sheet of
File:C
:\Users\..\A
nalog_Front_End.SchD
ocD
rawn B
y:
5.1 K 1%
R13
Res2
1 K 1%
R14
Res2
5.1:1 ratio for voltage dividerV
oltage channel 540mV
- MA
X 68nF
C7
Cap
33nF
C10
Cap
33nF
C9
Cap
1 2
Y1
4 MH
Z
35pFC
5C
ap
35pF
C6
Cap
RE
SET
#1
DV
DD
2
AV
DD
3
CH
0+4
CH
0-5
CH
1-6
CH
1+7
AG
ND
8
RE
Fin+/out9
RE
Fin-10
DG
ND
11
MD
AT
112
MD
AT
013
DR
#14
OSC
1/CL
KI
15
OSC
216
CS#
17SC
K18
SDO
19
SDI
20
U?
MC
P3911
1K R9
Res2
1K R11
Res2
68nF
C8
Cap
GN
D
GN
D
300mA
- 50ohm
L1
FER
RIT
E B
EA
D
GN
D
GN
D
GN
DG
ND
100nF
C12
Cap
100nF
C13
Cap
GN
D
GN
D
VD
D 3.3 V
PIC - SD
I
PIC - SD
O
PIC I/O
PIC - SC
LK
PIC I/O
reset
100nF
C11
Cap
GN
D
GN
D
VD
D 3.3 V
300 m 1%
R10
Res2
VD
D 3.3 V
SYSTE
M L
OA
D
CH
1 - RA
NG
E +-0.6V
@ 0 G
AIN
300mA
- 150ohm
L2
FER
RIT
E B
EA
D
1 K 1%
R12
Res2
@ 0.25 A
CH
0 input = 0.075VC
H 0 - R
AN
GE
+-0.075V @
8 GA
IN
@ 0.175 A
CH
0 input = 0.075Vfor 430 m
Ohm
for 300 mO
hm
GN
D
PIC - D
R
AV
DD
AV
DD
VD
D 3.3 V
10uF
C14
Cap
Analog Front E
nd
J.G.J. K
rigeSN
AFE
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
DD
CC
BB
AA
Title
Num
berR
evisionSize
A4
Date:
07/10/2013Sheet of
File:C
:\Users\..\SN
_Main.SchD
ocD
rawn B
y:
PMD
5/RE
51
PMD
6/RE
62
PMD
7/RE
73
PMA
5/SCK
2/CN
8/RG
64
PMA
4/SDI2/C
N9/R
G7
5
PMA
3/SDO
2/CN
10/RG
86
MC
LR
7
PMA
2/SS2/CN
11/RG
98
VSS
9V
DD
10
C1IN
+/AN
5/CN
7/RB
511
C1IN
-/AN
4/CN
6/RB
412
C2IN
+/AN
3/CN
5/RB
313
C2IN
-/AN
2/SS1/CN
4/RB
214
PGC
1/EM
UC
1/VR
EF-/A
N1/C
N3/R
B1
15PG
D1/E
MU
D1/PM
A6/V
RE
F+/AN
0/CN
2/RB
016
PGC
2/EM
UC
2/AN
6/OC
FA/R
B6
17
PGD
2/EM
UD
2/AN
7/RB
718
AV
DD
19A
VSS
20
U2C
TS/C
1OU
T/A
N8/R
B8
21
PMA
7/C2O
UT
/AN
9/RB
922
TM
S/PMA
13/CV
RE
F/AN
10/RB
1023
TD
O/PM
A12/A
N11/R
B11
24
VSS
25V
DD
26
TC
K/PM
A11/A
N12/R
B12
27
TD
I/PMA
10/AN
13/RB
1328
PMA
1/U2R
TS/B
CL
K2/A
N14/R
B14
29
PMA
0/AN
15/OC
FB/C
N12/R
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30
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9/U2R
X/SD
A2/C
N17/R
F431
PMA
8/U2T
X/SC
L2/C
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F532
U1T
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F333
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PMB
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4.7 K
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4.7 K
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4.7 K
R19
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22pF
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22pF
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100nF
C15
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C19
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GN
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MC
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PRO
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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onnector 9
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U2 - T
X
LE
D6
221
R20
Res3
LE
D7
221
R21
Res3
STA
TU
S1ST
AT
US2
STA
TU
S1
STA
TU
S2
TX
/RX
LE
DS
6.8K
R24
Res3
10K
R25
Res3
GN
D
VB
AT
+
MC
P3911 DR
MC
P3911 SDI
MC
P3911 SDO
MC
P3911 SCK
VB
AT
ME
ASU
RE
ME
NT
GN
D
GN
D
GN
D
1 K
R26
Res3
SM U
AR
T R
XSM
UA
RT
TX
SM I/O
SM I/O
MC
LR
PGD
PDC
SN M
icrocontroller ConnectionJ.G
.J. Krige
Microcontroller C
onnection
GN
D
Appendix C
Sensor Node Connection Diagram
104
Figure C.1: Sensor Node Connection Diagram
105
Appendix D
Shortest Hop Path and MTTP
Experiment Data
106
Figure D.1: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the ShortestHop Path Routing Scheme (Experiment 1) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
107
Figure D.2: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the ShortestHop Path Routing Scheme (Experiment 2) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
108
Figure D.3: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the ShortestHop Path Routing Scheme (Experiment 3) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
109
Figure D.4: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the MTTPRScheme (Experiment 1) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
110
Figure D.5: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the MTTPRScheme (Experiment 2) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
111
Figure D.6: A 3D Contour Plot of the Node Energy Consumption (J) of the MTTPRScheme (Experiment 3) Versus the Node Deployment (x,y)
112
Appendix E
Statistical Consultation Service Letter
113