Maryam Kamran Choudry, 601009215.docx

7/25/2019 Maryam Kamran Choudry, 601009215.docx

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PT3 Form

Arab Open University

Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA)

Academic Year 2014 201! "emester# "econd

$ranc%# KSA &rogram# $usiness "tudies "ystem Track

'ourse Tite# Managing 'ompeity ** 'ourse 'ode# T+0,$

"tudent -ame# Maryam Kamran Ahmed"tudent *.# 601009215

"ection -umber#6101 Tutor -ame# Mrs. Syeda Fahmeedunnisa

Tota Mark# A/arded Mark#

Mark detais

Allocated Marks

Question

sQ1 Q2 Q3

Total

Weight 60 20 20Marks 50 17 18 85

Allocated Marks riteri

a

Presentat

ion !"

#e$erenc

ing !%

Word

ount !3

&!

'i(rary

!3

Total

!1%

Marks 2 21)) Student*s Total Mark 83

-otes on pagiarism#

A. According to the Arab Open University By-laws, the following acts represent cases of cheating and

Plagiaris!

"erbati copying of printed aterial and s#bitting the as part of $%As witho#t proper

acadeic ac&nowledgeent and doc#entation.

"erbati copying of aterial fro the 'nternet, incl#ding tables and graphics.

(opying other st#dents) notes or reports.

Using paid or #npaid aterial prepared for the st#dent by individ#als or firs.

B. Penalties for plagiaris ranges fro fail#re in the $%A to e*p#lsion fro the #niversity.

+eclaration! ' hereby declare that the s#bitted $%A is y own wor& and ' have not copied any other person)swor& or plagiaried in any other for as specified above.

St#dent Signat#reMaryam Kamran Ahmed

Tutors eedback

+ear %arya. o#r perforance is good. o#r answers have enco#raging feat#res. o# sho#ld

have paid attention to diagras. Please see the notes below for ore detailed coents. All the

Best.


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Maryam Kamran Ahmed- 601009215 Employee Turnover in

Saudi Arabia

Tutor -ame# "Y.A

A3M.U--*"A

Tutor "ignature#"yeeda

a%meedunnisa

.ate returned# 140!201!

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1. Acknowledgement:

I would like to pay my utmost thanks to the Almighty Allah fst

and then to the tea!hes and "iends who helped me duing my

"ou yeas o" study at Aa# $pen %ni&esity in 'ingdom o" (audi

Aa#ia) *ammam +an!h, *uing this peiod) I met a lot o"

ama-ing people who in.uen!ed me to de&elop skills and

knowledge optimisti!ally in many aspe!ts, I am gate"ul to Aa#

$pen %ni&esity whi!h ga&e me an oppotunity to a!hie&e my

goal o" o#taining a +a!helo/s in +usiness (tudies, A spe!ial

thanks to my tuto s, (yeda ahmeedunnisa "o he suppot and

guidan!e "o 306+ !ouse and she did not hesitate to po&ide

any assistan!e euied while "omulating this po4e!t,

2. Abstract:

he main o#4e!ti&e o" this po4e!t is to dis!uss a#out the "a!tosthat !onti#ute to the mployee uno&e in (audi Aa#ia o&e

the past yeas and popose &ia#le solutions whi!h !an help

edu!e the !onseuen!es "a!ed #y the tuno&e and impo&e the

situation, Applying the !on!epts "om 306+ !ouse) I am going to

use the (o"t (ystem ethodology to ta!kle as the situation is a

mess, his po4e!t epot is going to !onsist o" thee pats

19 uto :epotIn whi!h the situation will #e e;pessed #y the

systems/ pa!titione though applying +


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39 Po4e!t >oghis is the last pat whi!h !ontains two su#=

se!tions) weekly logs and the o&eall summay) o" the po!ess

time "o pepaing this po4e!t,

Ethicality Statement:

An ethi!al statement !onsists o" the &alues) o#4e!ti&es and ethi!s

that a systems/ pa!titione must aspie in thei wok, ?hileapplying the +


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+ntroduction,

(audi Aa#ia has #een one o" the ma4o oil e;potes in the wold)

atta!ting millions o" o&eseas la#os to wok on thei land, In the

past yeas) (audi Aa#ia has #een dominated #y the "oeign

la#os whi!h esulted in many so!io=e!onomi! po#lems "a!ed #y

the !ounty #e!ause o" elying on the e;patiate la#o "o!e while

the !iti-ens ae still unemployed,

he pi&ate se!tos ha&e suCeed "om the (audi and the non=

(audi tuno&e and ae "o!ed to implement the (audi-ation

pogam Dwhi!h now has #een epla!ed #y the @Eitaat/ pogam9

whi!h had unidentifed tagets aimed at imposing 30F o" (audinationals into the pi&ate se!tos iespe!ti&e o" thei si-e and

a!ti&ities, Eitaat pogam) thee"oe) is a pogam whi!h will take

into !onsideation the a!ti&ity and the si-e o" the entities o&e a

13 weeks peiod with (audi nationals employed in a!!odan!e

and then di&iding the entity into "ou #ands 19 ;!ellent) 29

Geen) 39 Hellow) and B9 :ed,

hee ae many easons "o the high tuno&e "a!ed #y the (audi

nationals as well as the e;patiates su!h as te!hnologi!alad&an!ements, he main eason "o the pi&ate se!tos to e!uit

the non=(audi la#o is that they !ost !heape than the (audi

nationals) and as the entities in the pi&ate se!to ae undegoing

the de&elopment stage they need to gow and make poft while

still keeping thei e;penses low at fst,


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se!tos tend to pay less than the pu#li! se!tos, he main

di!ulty "a!ed #y the pi&ate entities is that it is impossi#le to

etain the (audi employee as soon as they get tained, And due to

the unemployment among the nationals) (audi-ation has #een

imposed on the pi&ate se!tos,

Tutor Report:

hee is a ma4o need to addess these issues o" tuno&e in (audi

Aa#ia "o the sustaina#le de&elopment o" the !ounty,

(ustaina#le de&elopment is mainly !on!ened with the so!ial)

e!onomi!) physi!al and en&ionment aspe!ts keeping pesent as

well as "utue in mind,

An awae systems/ pa!titione analy-es and undestands thesituation using the tools) !on!epts and methods to fnd the

solution to the po#lem situation, (in!e the situation is messy)

@(o"t (ystem ethodology/ will #e applied,A!!oding to the

autho Nandish . !atel "1##$%&

'The methodology is simple to use& re(uiring no elaborate

tools e)cept pen and paper& and yet it is (uite

comprehensi*e and incisi*e in its ability to identi+y

problem areas "+or instance& lack o+ in+ormation ,ows%

and to generate recommendations +or impro*ing the

e)pressed problem area.-1/

(( is used with +


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illustate) undestand and analy-e the messy situation in ode to

fnd the most eCe!ti&e solution,

A--lying &M A--roach,

+o!ali-ation in the pi&ate se!tos was also ne!essay "o the

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e!onomi! gowth and initiating the lo!al people to take up 4o#s

instead o" sitting idle,

A Spray diagramis made to illustate a situation into moe

pe!ise and e.e!ti&e manne

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System 0ap,

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he se!ond #all @ngaging/is !on!ened with how a system

pa!titione engages in the eal wold situation to look into the

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!omple;ity "a!ed, As a systems pa!titione) it is impotant to

e;ploe the situation as to fnd whethe the situation is a mess o

a di!ulty, As this !ase is a messy situation) it en!ouages looking

at pespe!ti&es o" diCeent stakeholdes to help look at the

situation !ae"ully, A !on!ept "om 306 !ouse) the systems

pa!titione is en!ouaged to ha&e a system o" inuiy in ode to

immese in the situation, As the situation is a mess) the po#lem

situation is too am#iguous and not !lealy defned #e!ause o"

whi!h (o"t (ystem is implemented to help impo&e the po#lemsituation,

+n/uence 0iagram

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Multi-le!cause 0iagram,

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losed!loo- control model 0iagram,

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he thid #all @


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"o the po#lem situation, (o"t (ystem ethodology deals with the

human emotions and diCeent pespe!ti&es and !onsists o" se&en

stages whi!h ae applied and !ompehended #elow

Stage 1, Pro(lem situation unstructured,

he fst stage is impotant as to e;ploe the po#lem situation

and fnding di&ese pespe!ti&es o" the othe stakeholdes to fnd

impo&ements "o the po#lem situation

ali Rahman and ekeriya Nas "2314%suggested in thei

ati!le that

'There are two widely acknowledged perspecti*es on

turno*er intentions. They are the human capital theory

and social e)change theory. 5nderstanding these

perspecti*es are considered power+ul tools +or

understanding workplace beha*ior "0alik et al.& 2311%.

The +ormer rests on the assumption that education ishighly critical and instrumental in impro*ing the

production capacity o+ a population.-2/

(audi Aa#ia is a land whi!h was pe&iously said to #e dominated

#y "oeign la#o that ae !onsideed to ha&e skills and e;peien!e)

.e;i#le with the woking hous and !an #e hied on low wages, As

pe the (audi-ation and Eitaat pogam most o" the pi&ate

se!to !ompanies wee o#liged to hie a !etain num#e o" (audi

nationals to !eate 4o# oppotunities "o the nationals whi!h lead

to the employee tuno&e "o e;patiates who had to lose thei 4o#

as it was ne!essay "o the (audi nationals to #e hied, As a

!onseuen!e) it in!eased !osts "o the de&eloping smalle fms

to shut down as they !ouldn/t a!hie&e the ules imposed #y the

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Go&enment, he #asi! eason why (audi-ation was a patial

su!!ess was the di!ulty in employing the num#e o" nationals

that wee e;pe!ted #y the Go&enment, Pu#li! (e!tos aleady

ha&e (audi employees hied as they only hie (audi/s who !an

speak Aa#i! and ae tained #y Go&enment, Anothe eason "o

the employee tuno&e is the te!hnologi!al ad&an!ements that

ae epla!ing the human aspe!t, It is !onsideed that is one time

!ost whi!h is in!ued in the te!hnology whi!h !an help the

ogani-ation to sa&e time) eCot and !ost o" hiing and etainingemployees,

he daw#a!ks o" this tuno&e due to (audi-ation !an ha&e

negati&e impa!ts on the e!onomy as they emain de=moti&ated to

wok had and a!hie&e thei position as an indi&idual, hey ae

gi&en the ad&antage #y thei Go&enment to #e hied in the pu#li!

and pi&ate se!tos without any !iteia #ased on thei skills)

e;peien!e o woking hous, Eo edu!ation #a!kgound is needed"o them to #e hied as the law imposes e&ey ogani-ation to hie

(audi nationals, +e!ause o" this law it is e;peien!ed that the

(audi nationals ae asking "o highe wages as they ha&e the

!hoi!e to wok "o whom e&e pays them the most as e&ey small

#usiness is euied the num#e o" (audis it must possess, his

!an lead to de!ease in the e!onomi! gowth in the so!io=

e!onomi!al aspe!ts, A!!oding to this po#lem situation it is

ne!essay to impo&e the situation to make awaeness in the

people "o impo&ing the e!onomy o" the !ounty,

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Stage 2, #ich -icture issues and -rimary tasks.

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Stage 3, #oot denition o$ releant systems,

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his stage it is ne!essay to !ome up with ele&ant systems to

help deal with the po#lem situation #y edu!ing diCeent easons

that ae !ausing the po#lem su!h as the te!hnologi!al) so!ial)

e!onomi! and !ultual aspe!ts, All the stakeholdes ae

en!ouaged to gi&e thei pespe!ti&es on the situations that ae

the oot !auses o" the po#lem situation and it is also en!ouaged

that they ty to wok had in ode to a!hie&e #est !hanges "o the

!uent situation,

he ele&ant system that !ould #e implemented is the system

whi!h will help the Go&enment to implement the (audi-ation o

Eitaat Pogam mu!h eCe!ti&ely #y keeping the tuno&e "a!to

in attention and also #y speading awaeness among the

e!onomy on how impotant it is to wok, he oot defnition

in&ol&es !onsideing the "a!tos that will wok towads in!easing

the 4o# oppotunities with a de!ease in the so!io=politi!al and

e!onomi! insta#ilities,he ele&ant systems ae !hosen on the #asis o" how mu!h they

!an impo&e the po#lem situation, he ele&ant system is

de&eloped "om a oot defnition whi!h in!ludes ele&ant


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ustomes hese stakeholdes ae die!tly aCe!ted #y the

employee tuno&e, o instan!e) "oeignes o

e;patiates who ae the e;isting employees)

(audi nationals o the "utue geneations,

A!tos hese ae the a!tos who !an take de!isions

and a!t upon them and !an also !hange theinputs into outputs, (u!h as entepeneus)

Go&enment et!,

Tans"omation his deals with the system po!ess whi!h

!hanges the input to outputs whi!h in this !ase

!an #e the good law and ode) sti!t ules and

egulations imposed #y the Go&enment that

!an help impo&e the situation,

Wold &iew he situation is !onsideed in a holisti! way)

like su!h as po&iding tainings and edu!ation

to the "utue geneations so that no law is

imposed "o them to #e hied,

4wne his !an #e the Go&enment who is the o!ial

authoity to implement !hanges on the !ase o"

employee tuno&e,

&n&ionmental


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Stage ", once-tual Model $or im-roing -ro(lem

situation $or the case &m-loyee turnoer,

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Stage %, om-arison o$ real!5orld situation 5ith

conce-tual ma-,

once-tual

model

Present in

the real

5orld

situation

omment Agenda

160etermining

the root

causes o$

em-loyee

turnoer

caused (y

the

Saudi7ation

Hes)Go&enment

authoities ae

aleady

woking on

impo&ing the

systems,

he ministy o"la#o is aleady

woking on

impo&ing

Eo

26 +m-roing

la5s and

regulations

Hes Go&enment

must

en!ouage the

te!hni!al skills

euied "o

4o#s,

Hes

36 Seeking

$or the

resources

re8uired

Eo) limited

esou!es ae

thee in the

pi&ate se!tos

It is had "o

pi&ate fms to

po&ide high

wages to the

nationals)

Hes

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whi!h is a

euiement

!ausing them

to shut down,

"6

&ncouraging

the small

(usinesses totake Saudi

nationals

Hes (mall

#usinesses

play a key ole

in !eating 4o#oppotunities

athe than the

#igge fms,

Hes

%6 +m-roing

the

situations $orthe

-ros-erity

Hes) it is

patially

su!!ess"ul #utneeds

impo&ements

Awaeness o"

edu!ation and

tainings must#e gi&en to the

nationals so

that thee is no

need "o

imposing small

#usinesses to

hie them,

Hes

96 Motiating

the Saudi

nationals to

5ork hard

Eo) it is not

thee in the

!uent

situation #ut

needs to #e

It is impotant

to moti&ate the

!uent people

to help "utue

geneations to

Hes

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!onsideed, "ollow the

"ootsteps "o

pospeing the

!ounty,

anaging is the last #all o" the +


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situation to make impo&emennts, he diCeent pespe!ti&es ae

espe!ted so that the most &ia#le solutions !an #e "ound,

Lee we will #e using the !hoi!e @ena#ling stakeholdes to de!ide/

#y enlightening them with the agenda that will help in impo&ing

the situation and let the stakeholdes/ de!ide on thei de!ision, It

is the duty o" the Go&enment o" (audi Aa#ia to make it

impo&ements in its law and ode to !ope up with the

!omple;ities that aise, (audi-ation had a maginal su!!ess onemploying the nationals #ut it is euied o" the Go&enment to

look into aeas whee it !an in!opoate the awaeness among the

(audi nationals "o the need to wok had and a!hie&e thei own

identity, (audi-ation law imposed #y the Go&enment has lead to

shutdown o" many pi&ate fms that !annot !ope up with the

!osts that it euies to hie the (audi nationals as they euie

good salaies with #enefts and with not mu!h wok load,

>o!ali-ation in the pi&ate se!tos has lead to e;patiates tuno&eas to ad4ust the !ompanies with not in!easing its !ost,


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hese small pi&ate fms ae mu!h moe impotant "o the

e!onomi! gowth than the #igge fms as they podu!e moe

4o#s, hese small fms allow inno&ation to the #usiness

entepeneus, oti&ating and taining the people on=the=4o# and

oC=the 4o# !an help in impo&ing the skills and people must #e

en!ouaged to study) #e podu!ti&e and also en!ouaged to fnd

the aea in whi!h they ha&e thei inteest and wok "o it with

passion to a!hie&e it,

Stage :, Action to im-roe the -ro(lem;situation,

At this stage) the oot !ause o" the po#lem is "ound with the

!on!eptual map #eing made it is now e!ommended that the

dis!ussion is tans"omed into a!tion plan to impo&e the !uent

situation o eliminate the "a!tos !ausing it, hese "ollowing

!hanges will then lead to a de!ease in employee tuno&e and

in!eased awaeness among the othe diCeent se!tos and

people,

onclusion,

A!!oding toAle)andre Ardich*ili "2312%&he suggested in his

ati!le that

'The

instead& they are asked to +ocus on immediate goals o+

per+ormance impro*ement. ? agree that this is a realistic

assessment o+ the current situation in the ma=ority o+

business organi9ations.-@/

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As the situation is messy) thee is no !lea o defnite solution,

Lowe&e) measues !an #e taken to edu!e the eCe!t o" po#lem

situation and "ailues e;peien!ed, du!ated people must ty to

spead awaeness among the othe people and ty to make a

!hange so that they ae not gi&en the laws that !an uestion thei

a#ilities, $n=the=4o# and oC=the=4o# tainings must #e en!ouaged

to moti&ate the employees towads undestanding the need to

a!hie&e something with had wok athe than 4ust getting it

without any eCot as to #e!ome ole models and indi&iduals withidentity "o thei "utue geneations to lean "om, >astly) it is

en!ouaged to keep in mind the sustaina#le de&elopment whi!h

!an #e done so #y #inging the physi!al) e!ologi!al)

en&ionmental and so!ial "a!tos togethe with "utue in mind to

pospe as a whole,

he othe tools "o maintaining the position o" #usinesses ae

(?$ analysis) he $?( mati;) Pote/s i&e o!es analysis)P( analysis) !iti!al su!!ess "a!tos and >og ame, >og "ame

!an #e used to shape up the plans) suggest designs and then

implement to !he!k what will #e the esults, his "amewok is

also known as @>og ame/, his "amewok helps in !ompaing

two methods and o"ten esults in !ommon undestanding) #ette

de!ision making #etween the manages) de!ision makes and

othe stakeholdes,

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lient #e-ort,

To the Ministry o$ 'a(or

I am a student o" Aa# $pen %ni&esity '(A #an!h) ma4oing in

(ystems Pa!ti!e) while doing my fnal yea po4e!t on

(audi-ation A oot !ause o" "oeign employee tuno&e) I ha&e

!ome a!oss many issues that need to #e addessed to impo&e

the !uent situation, As you know that at pesent (audi Aa#ia is"a!ing issues egading employing its lo!al people within the

pi&ate and the pu#li! se!tos, he (audi-ation pogam whi!h

has #een implemented #y the Go&enment has only #een patially

su!!ess"ul as it !aused the tuno&e o" e;patiates who wee

dominant in the 4o#s aspe!t o" (audi Aa#ia, he main issues that

the 'ingdom !an "a!e ae the shutting down o" the #usinesses

due to ineCe!ti&e and unskilled la#o, his !an !ause the

supplies o #usinessmen "om the othe !ounties to lose inteest

in (audi Aa#ia #e!ause o" its sti!t laws and ode and the

&olatility o" 4o# due to (audi-ation in pi&ate se!tos whi!h is &ey

had to keep up with, he main pupose o" (audi-ation was to

gi&e 4o#s to the lo!als #ut it has to #e dwelled in gadually as the

pi&ate se!tos !an ha&e negati&e impa!t o" it, he la!k o" nglish

language among the lo!als and the "a!t that they ae less in!lined

towads manual wok and !annot #e fed o epla!ed is the main

!hallenge "a!ed #y the 'ingdom,

I ha&e !ome up with a "ew e!ommendations on impo&ing the

!uent situation o" !haos among the la#o se!tos "o the

pospeity o" the !ounty #eing the sole pupose, he people must

#e en!ouaged to #e .uent with the nglish and ha&e some

edu!ation #a!kgound elated to the 4o# they will #e hied "o,

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(audi-ation is #eing !uel to (audis in a way that it doesn/t

po&oke the willingness o" wok among them and they ae not

en!ouaged to po&e themsel&es as indi&iduals instead they ae

#eing imposed on #eing hied, (audi-ation o&elooks the

!edentials and ualif!ations that ae ne!essay "o a 4o# and

only euiement is the (audi nationality to get a 4o# whi!h is not

making the people detemined towads had wok instead it is

making them dis!iminating the othe "oeign nationals, >a!k o"

inteest in a!hie&ing su!!ess and not moti&ated towads puttingeCots #e!ause they will get it in the end #e!ause they ae

(audi/s will only en!ouage the thought o" emaining unedu!ated

and ine;peien!ed,

o summai-e the situation) as #eing a systems pa!ti!e student

and a systems pa!titione) I suggest that apat "om seeing the

situation in a systemi! way the situation must #e e&iewed in a

systemati! way also to widen the knowledge a#out the po#lemsituation that lies in the pats instead o" !onsideing the whole

system, he inisty o" >a#o should !onside the .aws that

aleady e;ist in the system #y impo&ing its elationship with the

stakeholdes in&ol&ed in the situation, he pespe!ti&es o"

indi&iduals must #e espe!ted and taken into a!!ount to widen

the knowledge a#out the potential solutions a&aila#le,

DBJJ wods9

+est :egads)

ayam 'aman

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Pro


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witing my epot, And a"te all this I wote my ?eekly log "o the

fst week,

D187 wods9

Week 2,

I stated with e&ising my systems knowledge I gained "om 205

!ouse and 306 !ouse, In this week) I stated witing and

designing the !o&e page "o my epot, I wote my a#sta!t)

a!knowledgment and ethi!ality statement whi!h was the

e.e!tion o" my ethi!s whi!h I was supposed to "ollow in my

po4e!t, Eow I was eady to stat with the uto epot gi&ing an

intodu!tion a#out the !ase I was going to impo&e the situation

"o with a #ie" dis!ussion on +


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!on!eptual map with the eal wold situation, And as I was

supposed to #e studying "o my idtems) I had to stop and

!on!entate on my midtems #ut tied to update my ?eekly logs

so that I don/t lose ta!k o" this po4e!t,

D117 wods9

Week ",

As I stated in my pe&ious week log that I !ompleted the B stages

o" the (o"t (ystem ethodology) one o" my midtem got due

#e!ause o" the sandstom #ut I had to study "o the othe

midtems so I had to take a gap to !ontinue my po4e!t, I tied to

stat !onstu!ting my diagams, I made (pay diagam) (ystems

map) In.uen!e diagam)


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po4e!t with the esea!h wok and diagams, A"te this I wote the

o&eall summay and !ompleted the e"een!ing and ogani-ed

my po4e!t on ?od so that I !an e&iew it "o one last time #e"oe

su#mitting it on the >(, D13B wods9

4erall Summary,

his o&eall summay is going to tell how this !ouse 306 has

helped me in gooming my knowledge a#out how eal=wold

situations !an #e assessed and how !an they #e impo&ed and

sol&ed i" any po#lem aises, his !ouse has helped me shape my

knowledge in a way that how the tangi#le and intangi#le aspe!ts

o" the eal=wold situations "a!ed #y ogani-ations !an #e

po#lemati!, 306 !ouse has helped me look at the eal=wold

situations as a !omple;ity whi!h is a systems appoa!h, It has

helped me in efning my systemi! thinking athe than the

systemati! thinking that we ha&e #een taught thoughout ou li"e

to sol&e any po#lem that may o!!u, his !ouse has helped mein leaning diCeent te!hniues though whi!h you !an ta!kle

situation, his !ouse also helps you in getting "amilia with how a

human !an sol&e po#lems and manage !omple;ities whi!h ae

essential in the #usiness management, It has gi&en me the

!han!e to a!t as a system pa!titione and po&ided with the

oppotunities to implement the !on!epts) methods) te!hniues)

stategies) and tools to impo&e and e!ti"y any situation "om the

eal wold, his !ouse helps the systems pa!titione to sol&e any!ase at the ight time in a ight manne #y using diCeent

diagams) methodologies) methods) ideas) tools and !on!epts)

and also des!i#es the diCeent !ultues and en&ionments that

may in.uen!e the ogani-ations,

Page | 33


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he most impotant thing in this !ouse and the most emphasi-ed

!on!ept I leant was the +


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(( in the stage whee I was suppose to analy-e the inteest o"

the stakeholdes in the


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#e$erencing,

=1> Eandish , Patel) D1JJ59 MAppli!ation o" so"t systems

methodology to the eal wold po!ess o" tea!hing and

leaningM) Intenational Nounal o" du!ational anagement) ol, J

Iss 1) pp,13 O 23 $nlineQ, A&aila#le "om httpRRpo;y,aou=

eli#ay,!omJ7J7Ruse(essionI*S0J100B7m3RusePoto!olShtt

pRuseLostSwww,emealdinsight,!omRusePathRdoiR"ullR10,1108R

0J5135BJ510075JJ8A!!essed on 30th Apil 2015Q

=2>?ali :ahman) Tekeiya Eas) D20139 Mmployee de&elopment

and tuno&e intention theoy &alidationM)uopean Nounal o"

aining and *e&elopment) ol, 37 Iss 6) pp,56B O 57J $nlineQ,

A&aila#le "om httpRRpo;y,aou=

eli#ay,!omJ7J7Ruse(essionI*S0J100B7ldRusePoto!olShttpR

useLostSwww,emealdinsight,!omRusePathRdoiR"ullR10,1108RN

*=ay=2012=0015A!!essed on 30th Apil 2015Q

=3>homas E, Gaa&an) D1JJ59 M(takeholdes and stategi!

human esou!e de&elopmentM) Nounal o" uopean Industial

aining) ol, 1J Iss 10) pp,11 O 16 $nlineQ, A&aila#le "om

httpRRpo;y,aou=



030J05JJ5100J5825A!!essed on 30th Apil 2015Q

=">Ale;ande Adi!h&ili) D20129 M(ustaina#ility o limitless

e;pansion paadigm shi"t in L:* pa!ti!e and

tea!hingM) uopean Nounal o" aining and *e&elopment) ol, 36

Iss J) pp,873 O 887 $nlineQ, A&aila#le "om httpRRpo;y,aou=


Page | 36
http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Patel%2C+N+Vhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Rahman%2C+Whttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Nas%2C+Zhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Garavan%2C+T+Nhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Ardichvili%2C+Ahttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090591211280946http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090591211280946http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Patel%2C+N+Vhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/09513549510075998http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Rahman%2C+Whttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Nas%2C+Zhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047ld/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-May-2012-0015http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/action/doSearch?ContribStored=Garavan%2C+T+Nhttp://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/MuseProtocol=http/MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/doi/full/10.1108/03090599510095825http://proxy.aou-elibrary.com:9797/MuseSessionID=0910047m3/M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