Marilyn Portrait Tutorial

8/3/2019 Marilyn Portrait Tutorial

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Introduction

This tutorial is very detailed, and involves a lot of patience. My drawings take a long time, and

my greatest skill is not my drawing ability but my patience, as I have told a lot of deviants. By

instructing you on how I do everything, I am giving you the opportunity to focus mainly on

developing your patience. I've tried to use my own drawings as examples, when I can, and giveuseful links. Links to shopping websites are only given as an example of what to look for and

average price, but not necessarily the best place to buy.

If you have questions about anything, please read through it all to save repetition. If you think

there's something else I should cover in a tutorial, please let me know via comment or note.

Contents:Equipment

Getting Started

Outlining Background

Hair

Skin Eyes and Eyebrows

Nose

Mouth

Diamonds Finishing Touches

Equipment

Paper - I generally use £1 pads from Hyper Value, but I have heard a number of times that

Bristol Board is the best. I've just recently started using it, and it is really good. I've found thatI've had to shade a lot heavier, but drawing is much quicker using it. If you do not have access to

a good art shop, try to find paper that is at least 135gsm, and relatively smooth.

Pencils - I cannot stress the importance of having high quality pencils. I find Derwent are

definitely the best I've used, in particular their Sketching range. I also use Staedler Mars

Lumographs.These are really black pencils (though not coloured pencils) which are essential for

depth, as well as creating effective and dramatic drawings. If you do not create a high enoughcontrast, your drawings can appear flat and dull, like Captain Barbossa. I use a 4B in the

Derwent range, as this is soft enough to blend and can cover light and medium shades well. TheMars Lumograph (which I use in 8B) covers dark to black black shades, and can be used over theDerwent sketching to help with gradual tones (e.g. the background of Holiday Golightly. If your

pencil becomes too short, use a pencil extender because there's no need to make it uncomfortable

to draw. If the wood around the lead of your pencil is rough, it is a sign you need a new pencil

sharpener.

Blending Tools - To hide pencil lines in a drawing, you need a blending tool of some sort. I use



eyeshadow applicators because they give a really smooth, and almost translucent finish (see

Marilyn's skin), but they can also give a rougher finish (see Captain Jack's skin. These can foundin any shop that sells make up, but can be found in bulk on some online stores. A very popular

option for blending is tortillion, which can be found usually in any shop with basic art supplies. I

bought a set of six different sizes by Crimson + Blake from The Works for 99p, though you can

make your own. In my personal experience, tortillion is very quick to use, and due to its pointcan do detailed areas well, though I tend to get a much rougher finish than with eyeshadow

applicators. I have heard of people using cotton buds, cotton wool and tissues. You might wantto practice blending with a few different items to see which suits you best. With this tutorial, I

shall be using eyeshadow applicators

Kneadable Erasers - I find that a normal eraser is really useless for drawing. Most pencil artists

use a kneadable eraser already, but in case you don't, my favourite is WH Smith's own brand.

(N.B. Don't buy anything else from WH Smiths for art - especially pencils - they're absolutely

dreadful.)

Getting Started

Make sure your hands are clean and dry before drawing. You can rest a tissue under your hand as

you draw to stop it ruining your paper with oil from your skin, but I find this uncomfortable.

In my experience, it's best not to draw with paper flat on a desk. It distorts proportions and unless

you hunch over you never get an accurate view. Try to recreate the angle an artist painting at an

easel has. A table easel is good, as well as leaning a drawing board against a desk, though I tendto use one of those lap trays for your dinner and sit lengthways on a sofa.

Remember, if you move your paper, move your reference with it. You cannot be expected to

draw at an angle, and mentally adjust the reference at the same time.

To distract from the amount of time you are spending on a drawing, I recommend watching TV

while you draw. If you are drawing a celebrity, watch something that they are in, as it will give abetter understanding of their features.

When choosing a reference, choose carefully. Think about what you want to achieve with yourdrawing. If you are drawing an image of a celebrity, do you want it to be refreshing or iconic?

For example, everyone has seen this picture of Marilyn Monroe, and has been used a lot to draw.However, if you find a less used image, your drawing will be striking for your ability and the

'new' quality it holds. For an idea of what is overused, do a search on DeviantART and see what

comes up. Also, an image may not be overused, but a very talented artist has already drawn it. Imean, I adore imaginee's Marilyn Monroe, and I love the photograph she used as a reference, but

I would not dream of drawing it myself after she has done it so beautifully, and feel there isnothing I could add to it.

Look for things in your reference, that although your eye accepts in a photograph, will scrutinise

in a drawing. For example, Audrey Hepburn's mouth. I started drawing this before I had lookedat the reference properly, and realised how difficult her mouth would be to draw at that angle.



Don't make my mistake!

Choose a high quality image. If the reference is not of a high quality, your drawing won't be

either. Glossy magazines are a good source, and you may want to consider a subscription in

whatever subject matter you're most interested in. General photography magazines are useful if

you like a very varied subject matter. Newspaper photographs are generally poor for referenceuse, but if you contact the newspaper, they usually have them for sale at a better quality. For

animals and celebrities, calendars are also a good source. If like me, you're interested in theGolden era of Hollywood, I recommend finding a book with photographs from the Kobal

collection, as they contain very beautiful photography. Whatever your interest, it can usually be

found on Corbis and Getty Images.

This is the references I have chosen:

I know it isn't of high quality, but that's because it was too big to scan and had to be

photographed. I found this image in a book called 'Marilyn' by Jay Harrison, in case you'd like tofind it to follow this tutorial exactly.



Outlining

It's important to outline an image before you draw in detail. I didn't use to do this, and my

drawings suffered because of it.

Cinematographer Jack Cardiff says "a third-rate artist will draw somebody's face with the eyesthe same size and in the right position, but no two eyes are alike on a human face - one will be a

bit smaller or a slightly different shape - and a real artist will capture that essence in getting a

likeness of the person". A lot of people draw what they think they see, not what they actually dosee. People who are trained in art observe things better - with precision, and they can draw detail

because they actually observe the detail of what they see, and then draw it. For example, I know

all the flaws in my drawings, because of how I observe. For an attempt of drawing after readingthis, I advise drawing Marilyn Monroe, as Cardiff goes on to explain: "If you could measure

Marilyn's eyes and facial features, they were almost perfect". Therefore, she'll be good for the

experience of drawing, while someone whose features aren't symmetrical would be better to doafter practice.

Please remember to draw what you see, not what you think you see!! E.g. nobody has eyelashes

like spider legs, but people still draw them like that!

This is my outlined drawing:



I did this by freehand, but by all means use a grid if you want to. I find them hard to use, but I

know they work wonders, as seen in this tutorial. Before I was confident about drawing freehand,

I used circles and sausages, and then built up the correct shapes after the basic shapes:

This is was a basic shape drawing would look like. You can easily see what needs to be altered to

get the right shape. N.B. Look how well Marilyn's face fits the proportion lines, proving Cardiff'sobservation.

You can make sure things are accurate by looking at relative measurements



(The arrows on each left eyebrow are the same length as the arrows on each right eyebrow)

Looking out for things that should meet up, should help with accuracy. E.g. The light and dark

hairlines meet in the small circle, while the hairline, end of eyebrow and eyelashes meet up in thebigger circle. If things that are meant to meet up but don't, look carefully at your drawing and see

what needs to be changed so that they will meet up.

It is important while sketching to step back, as this gives you a good overview of where things

are going right and wrong. If you are having difficulty with something, stop drawing and don't

look at it at all for a while. This will give you fresh eyes when you do look at it again. I find thatphotographing my works in progress next to their references on my phone gives a directcomparison and as it's a small screen, it makes things that need changing more obvious.

At this stage, all drawing lines should be very light. You shouldn't be able to tell you wentthrough this stage at all in the finished drawing. The outlined drawing may look odd and not

accurate because dark shading is needed to make some areas look smaller and give a more

defined shape. Put in some light shading if you're worried about it not being accurate.



Background

When shading and adding detail, it is important to move in these directions.

Which direction you follow depends on which hand you use because you should move in a way

in which you drawing hand doesn't smudge what you've already drawn. Because of this, it means

usually starting with background or sometimes the hair. If you use a tissue under your drawing

hand to protect the paper, you can get away with not following this order. If you are comfortablewith this, do the eyes first, as they make or break a portrait!

As I'm right-handed, I'll be starting with the top left corner.

First of all, shade the mid tones of the background fabric with your 4b pencil. With something



that's out of focus, like this background, you can get away with not shading tightly, but it is

essential to do so when shading the skin.

Now, to remove pencil lines, you need to blend with whatever blending tool you are using. I

blend in a slightly circular motion that gradually moves in the necessary direction of the subject.

If you are blending something detailed and intricate, there is no need for the circular motion.

After you have done that, you should place the darker tones in with your black graphite pencil (a

Mars Lumograph in my case). Shade tightly as they don't blend well, and shade lightly when

shading the gradient between mid to dark tone.



Blend again to ensure that the regular graphite and the black graphite merge smoothly.

Add more black if necessary as you want a solid black to as high a contrast as possible.



Using your kneadable eraser, tear a piece off and knead it into this kind of shape:

Then using the pointy part, pick out highlights in the background. Most blending tools don'tblend 100% smoothly, so this technique can be used to remove flecks of graphite that make the

tone uneven. Make the eraser thinner for more delicate highlights.

Those are the steps I went through for drawing the background. I then completed as much as thebackground that fell within the direction I was working in, so it looks like this:



Hair

After doing the background, you may notice some excess graphite dust has gathered on the white

paper around it. It is important to erase this when you go to draw an area, so that the paper is

cleans as when you first started your drawing.

The only way to effectively draw hair, is to give the impression of individual hairs - see the

difference between Catherine Zeta Jones and Edward Scissorhands? This rule applies to both

blonde and dark hair.



Put in the mid tones with your 4B pencil. Note how I have shaded this time, giving the

suggestion of individual strands.

Blend, this time no circular motion should be used, instead move in the direction the hair goes.



Add the darkest tones with your black pencil, still drawing the individual strands where needed.

Using your kneadable eraser, pick out the highlights.



You should be finished now, but I needed to make the light and dark stronger. This is something

you should be consciously aware of in any drawing you, as contrast is very important to thefinished image.



If you do the rest of the hair, this is what it should look like.

Skin

The use of eyeshadow applicators is most noticeable and beneficial when shading skin, as itcreates a translucent, glowing effect.

As always, shade your mid tones. Remember to erase excess dust before you start.

Blend with the eyeshadow applicators in a circular motion.



If there are any shades that are too dark, pick them out with the kneadable eraser.

Blend again to even out the light and mid tones. Don't forget to follow the reference's dark and

light tones.



If you do the rest of the skin until you reach the eyes, this is what it should look like.

Eyes and Eyebrows

I think the eyes are most people's favourite features when drawing, so it's important to give them justice. I used to be terrible at drawing them, so I practised just drawing eyes, and now I'm

alright. As they're usually central in a portrait, they're what people look at first, so if something's

off, it tends to be very noticeable.



Firstly, give an all over shade and blend for the eyebrow, using the 4B.

While using the Mars Lumograph, draw individual eyebrow hairs.

Use the kneadable eraser in a point to pick out light areas.

Using the same instructions on skin, draw the eyelid skin between eyelash and eyebrows.



Using the Mars Lumograph, add the eyelashes.

Using the 4B Derwent, shade the iris and very lightly shade the white of the eye. The white, is

never completely white and looks flat if shading is not added. As this shading has to be subtle,

you may even want to use an applicator that already has graphite on it, instead of a pencil.

Use the kneadable eraser and Mars Lumograph to pick out areas that need lightening and shade

areas that darkening. Make sure the catch-light is white.



Back to the 4B now. Lightly shade under the eye. Beware of the inner lid, and draw it if it is

there in the reference.

Use the Mars Lumograph to draw the lower lashes, and kneadable eraser to highlight areas not

covered by shadows of the eyelashes.

Further shade the skin under the eye.



This is what it should look like now.

Nose

The nose is very difficult to draw, and indeed do a tutorial for because it is only composed of shading. Proportion wise, usually if the nose is incorrect, the chin and other features look out of

proportion.



Using the 4B shade the midtones.

Blend with eyeshadow applicators.

With the kneadable eraser, remove uneven tones.



Still using the 4B, add darker shading, and blend and erase when necessary.

(Sorry for the weird appearance - scanner mishap!)

Now add the Mars Lumograph shading.

Now add highlights using the eraser.



This is how it looks after adding the nose and other skin shading.

Mouth

Mouths can be difficult to draw and vary so much, meaning one technique is not necessarily

suitable for everyone's mouths. For example, in this reference, Marilyn's lips are very glossy, but

Rita's appear cracked, while Audrey's are at an awkward angle, and Johnny's are au natural andwithout lipstick (thank God!!!). However, as long as you go by the principle of drawing what

you see and shade well, you should be fine. I felt it necessary to have teeth in my tutorial, as so

many people have commented on how difficult they are, so I hope I help!



Shade the mid-tones of the upper lip with your 4B pencil.

Blend with applicators.

Ordinarily, I would highlight last, though as the Lumographs are difficult to erase, it's best to

highlight first when a reference has the lightest and darkest shades so close together.



Add the dark shade of the Lumograph and blend if required. Erase any dust from the teeth when

you have finished, making sure they're clean to shade them in.

Lightly shade the gums.

Using an applicator alone, lightly shade the teeth. Think delicate!



Add the teeth lines. I would say this is the only time when the 'draw what you see' rule does not

apply. The lines of teeth rarely ever look right, even when drawn completely accurately to the

reference. Instead what you must do is give a suggestion of the lines by starting the line from thetop of a tooth, and starting it at the bottom, but drawing hardly anything in between. After that is

finished, erase areas that are meant to be highlights.

Shade the inside of the mouth, and the lower lip as you shaded the upper one.



This is what the whole sheet should look like now.

Diamonds

The diamonds in my drawings have received their fair share of comments, so I felt that I had tofeature diamonds especially, and they're not that difficult to do.



Erase any dust where the diamonds are. Then add those faint lines of shade with your 4B pencil.

Using the Mars Lumograph, add the dark areas.



Now highlight further with your eraser until the diamonds look really sparkly.



Finishing Touches

As I left out her diamond necklace, her neck looks too long, so I cropped it to this:

I think the main difference between this and the reference is that her face is at different angle...which isn't the greatest tragedy and not bad considering I didn't use a grid.

When scanning your image, make sure you use your scanner properly to make the most of yourdrawing. victoriandeath has done an excellent tutorial on scanning.

Remember, for the purpose of this tutorial, I had to draw to this order rigidly, but you don't have

to. Think of this as a series of guidelines for each area. Don't be worried if this tutorial doesn'twork for you, and by all means ignore anything and everything I've said if you want to try

something different. Art is not meant to be restrictive!

If you would like more information on shading and drawing in general, try this website, and to

try other tutorials, look at the tutorial page at ThePencilClub.

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Marilyn Portrait Tutorial