Marco Vicari, Officine Maccaferri - aace.al of applications of... · Green Terramesh Wire mesh “gabion” unit as facing element . and secondary reinforcement: System Terramesh

Marco Vicari, Officine Maccaferri

International Technical Manager

Uguccioni Gianluca, Officine Maccaferri Mignani Mattia, Officine Maccaferri

Huta Saimir, Maccaferri Balkans

Overview of applications of geosynthetics and steel wire products in Albanian roads through case histories

INTRODUCTION Steel products and geosynthetic materials have been successfully

applied in Albanian roads for: - reinforced soil structures - rockfall protection systems - basal reinforcement - tunnelling works

Let’s see our experiences


Products: Terramesh System and ParaLink 300 Client: Ministry of public works, Albania Contractor: Bechtel-Enka Joint Venture Structures: 30 soil reinforced walls, Hmax = 37 m Date: 2008 -2009 Quantity: 35,000 m2 wall facing


HYBRID REINFORCED SOIL STRUCTURE RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY, ALBANIA

Wire mesh “green” facing element and secondary reinforcement: Green Terramesh

Wire mesh “gabion” unit as facing element and secondary reinforcement: System Terramesh

High strength PET Paralink geogrids as main reinforcement


HYBRID REINFORCED SOIL STRUCTURE RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY, ALBANIA

Terramesh System UnitsItem 66 Stone Retaining Wall

Structural SoilØ = 30°? =20kN/m³c = 0 kPa

Back Fill SoilØ = 35°? =20kN/m³c = 0 kPa

Foundation SoilØ = 46°? =25.8kN/m³c = 40 kPa

Paralink 300

ROAD

Geotextile (Type Terram 1000)Item 11: Laying of Geotextile

Filter Fabric

Geomesh 8 x10

Item 22 Stone Fill

Excavation profile

Detail A

Perforated Drainage Pipe160 mm diameter2-3% inclinationtrasversal pipe every 18 m

RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY The tallest section H=37 m

γ(kN/m3) φ c Backfill 20 35° 0 Foundation 25.8 46° 40 kPa Structural fill 20 30° 0

RRESHEN-KALIMASH HIGHWAY Stability checks of the tallest section H=37 m

γ(kN/m3) φ(deg) c(kPa) Backfill 20 35 0 Foundation 26 46 40 Structural fill 20 30 0


February 2009


April 2009

H = 37 m

RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY The tallest section H=37 m April 2009

RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY Due to rockfall problems, an upper retaining structure 30 m high (reinforced soil structure + anchored concrete wall) was made in 2011

The solutions

Simple drapery with meshes

Debris flow barriers

Embankments Rockfall barriers

Meshes with nails

Hybrid systems

Nails and tie back anchors

Water control Slope modification, blasting

Cable belting

Ditches

Anti erosion meshes ROCKFALL PROTECTIONS


RMC 850 - 8500 kJ Maccaferri rockfall barriers have the highest residual height

and the shorter elongation after impact

ROCKFALL PROTECTIONS


RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY Double twist drapery system reinforced with steel cables (SteelGrid MO300) with anchors and rock bolts; 500 kJ high resistance rockfall barrier (RMC 050/A) were installed for the motorway’s safety

SteelGrid

RRESHEN TO KALIMASH HIGHWAY Double twist drapery system reinforced with steel cables (SteelGrid MO300) with anchors and rock bolts; 500 kJ high resistance rockfall barrier (RMC 050/A) were installed for the motorway’s safety

The bridge 1-01A is located in a alluvial area with very low bearing capacity requiring the bridge abutments to be constructed on piles

To minimize the differential settlements between the access ramps and the

bridge deck a drainage system made with prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) alternatively 5 and 21.5 m deep, in combination with a high strength polyester geogrid Paralink 450 was used

The Paralink 450 was placed above a 50 cm gravel drainage layer confined by

a geotextile (MacTex N60.1); a second layer of Paralink 450 was placed at 3 m distance from the previous layer in order to ensure the stability of the embankment.


BASAL REINFORCEMENT ON THE LEVAN-DAMES ROAD





STEEL FIBRES & TUBULAR STEEL ARCHES

Bernard Bergé, MACCAFERRI

Tunneling Business Unit Manager


Tirana Elbasan Road Tunnel

Contractor: Aktor S.A.

Application: Shotcrete

Product: 600 tons of FS3N Steel Fibres


TIRANA ELBASAN TUNNEL


PRO

BLEM

SO

LUTI

ON

IPE, HE, IPN High Section Modulus (W) and Second Moment of Area (I) only along one axis

INSTABILITY

Not homogeneous soil/profile contact condition eccentric loads

take control axial and eccentric loads

acting along any direction

=

BEST PERFORMANCE

WORST PERFORMANCE

TUBULAR STEEL ARCHES INTRODUCTION

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Made prior to experimental activity Sections evaluated by reinforced sections behaviour in terms of diagrams N-M To find the correct profiles to be compared

2 IPN 180

CONCRETE FILLED TUBE

Assumptions It is not considered progressive damage of the section. This hypothesis: improved the expected behavior of the standard rib and

neglects the change of position of the neutral axis, caused by progressive damage of the concrete filling

Tube ductility capability due to its geometry is not given. Worst condition for the tubular rib, which neglects its geometrical advantage.

These choices have been made to be sure to determine the circular profiles which certainly would have matched the performance of open profiles

TUBULAR STEEL ARCHES

EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY

LABORATORY TESTS

SCOPE Validation of numerical analysis

Identify section behaviour

FIELD TEST VARANO TUNNEL (Italy)

SCOPE -Verify the compatibility of the tubular rib

with the underground work operations - Verification of the results of laboratory

tests conducted on static efficiency of tubular ribs


SECTION 1: Length 28.5m Section type AC Tubular Rib - Ф 193.7, thickness = 5mm, spacing = 1.50m, 1 CHAIN

SECTION 2: Length 28.5m Section type AC Standard Rib - single HEB 140, spacing = 1.50m , 1 CHAIN

SECTION 3: Length 28.8m Section type AC tubular ribs - Ф 193.7, thickness = 5mm spacing = 1.80m 2 CROSSING CHAINS

FULL SCALE TESTING OF STEEL ARCH TUNNEL SUPPORTS TUBULAR STEEL ARCHES

OPEN PROFILE TUBULAR PROFILE

COMPARISON OF THE TWO SOLUTIONS

heavy profile; contact conditions between the wing

profile and the ground is not homogeneous;

load with the horizontal component deterioration of working conditions of the profile double "T".

good performance when load is perfectly centered on the axis of the profile.

the tradition of the open profile

ability to bear loads along any direction

light profile

100% working section

structural continuity

Increase spacing capability

=


Experimental activity confirms composite section behaviour of tubular rib

From operational point of view the tubular rib behaves very stable and easy to handle during transport and installation.

The high rigidity of the proposed

profile eliminates the risk of possible buckling during the installation

High safety level to the workers

EVIDENCE FROM FULL SCALE TESTING


STANDARD RIB 1 km of tunnel 1 rib each 1,5 m =667 ribs

B.ZeRo RIB 1 km of tunnel 1 rib each 1,8 m =556 ribs

∆ = -16,6% of ribs

140 1500

SHOTCRETE

114,0

1800

SHOTCRETE

CONCRETE

EVIDENCE FROM FULL SCALE TESTING TUBULAR STEEL ARCHES

Better Mechanical Properties

faster drive TIME SAVING

Rib Spacing increase

MORE SAFETY

Composite section

=> MONEY SAVING

High Rigidity Perfect Filling Confinement

FINAL REMARKS


THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION


Documents

Marco Vicari, Officine Maccaferri - aace.al of applications of... · Green Terramesh Wire mesh “gabion” unit as facing element . and secondary reinforcement: System Terramesh