March 2013 Prepared by - ICZM Project Odishaiczmpodisha.org/pdf/ISWM Plan and Feasibility Report( as on 12.11... · Essar is an upcoming industry ... 3 ESSAR Steel Plant Outside Paradeep

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FBC Full Bright Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd.

Paradeep Municipality Government of Odisha

Under

Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP)

INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ISWM) PROJECT

ISWM Plan and Feasibility Report

March 2013

Prepared by


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Project Advisors and Consultants .............................................................................. 1

1.2.1 General ................................................................................................................... 1

1.2.2 Project Specific ....................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Objectives and Structure of the present Report ........................................................ 1

2 PROJECT LOCATION AND GENERAL SITE PROFILE ............................................................ 2

2.1 Town Profile ............................................................................................................... 2

2.2 Connectivity ............................................................................................................... 2

2.3 Roads .......................................................................................................................... 4

2.4 Population projections ............................................................................................... 5

2.5 No. of households ...................................................................................................... 6

2.6 No. of shops ............................................................................................................... 6

2.7 Other institutions ....................................................................................................... 7

2.8 Waste Generation Assessment .................................................................................. 8

2.9 Future waste generation ............................................................................................ 9

3 EXISTING SWM SITUATION ANALYSIS ............................................................................ 10

4 PROJECT DETAILS ............................................................................................................. 14

5 SITE SELECTION – ISWM FACILITY ................................................................................... 18

5.1 Assessment of the Existing dumpsite - Site 1 .......................................................... 18

5.2 Assessment of site 2 ................................................................................................. 20

5.3 Assessment of site 3 ................................................................................................. 21

6 ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED SITE .............................................................................. 0

6.1 Site Profile .................................................................................................................. 0

6.2 Site appreciation ........................................................................................................ 1

6.3 Environmental Challenges on the site ....................................................................... 2

6.4 Stringent Measures to mitigate environment challenges on the site ....................... 3

7 ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT & MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 5

8 FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................... 7

8.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 7

8.2 Assumptions ............................................................................................................... 7

8.3 Project Cost ................................................................................................................ 8

8.4 Revenue Streams To Developer ................................................................................. 9

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

The Government of Orissa in partnership with Government of India has initiated Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan (ICZMP) to achieve the goal of sustainable utilization of coastal areas without causing any notable degradation of its habitats and deterioration of the eco-system and avoid the adverse impact of unplanned and incompatible development. The pilot investments in Orissa are concentrated in two reaches of Gopalpur-Chilika and Paradeep-Dhamra and include: (a) Conservation and protection of coastal resources; (b) Environment and pollution management; and (c) Livelihood security of the coastal communities. Implementation of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) has been proposed under the pilot investments for environment and pollution management.

The overall responsibility to implement the ICZMP rests with the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project - State Project Management Unit (SPMU) that has been established to serve as a coordinating agency. Executing Agency for Pilot Investment on ISWM is Paradeep Municipality.

1.2 PROJECT ADVISORS AND CONSULTANTS

1.2.1 General

Paradeep Municipality and ICZMP have appointed IPE Global Private Limited for undertaking the Techno-Economic Feasibility study and providing Transaction Advisory Services for Integrated Solid Waste Management at Paradeep Municipality.

1.2.2 Project Specific

The urban infrastructure and corresponding services in Paradeep just as that of any other city in the country are challenged by technical, financial and institutional constraints. There is much room for improving the solid waste management (SWM) practices in Paradeep. Though private sector has been involved in the city but it is limited to street sweeping and collection & transportation of waste.

The present project is proposed to be implemented in an integrated manner and include all components of SWM i.e. Primary collection, street sweeping including mechanical street sweeping of the identified main roads, drain cleaning, secondary storage, transportation, treatment and final disposal of waste in a sanitary landfill.

1.3 OBJECTIVES AND STRUCTURE OF THE PRESENT REPORT

The objective of this report is to assess the technical and financial feasibility based on the situational analysis, technical features of the proposed systems, appraisal of the proposed site for siting integrated SWM facility and financial feasibility to decide upon the most effective project bidding structure along with the sensitivities based on the market research conducted and bidders inputs received through bidder conference.

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2 PROJECT LOCATION AND GENERAL SITE PROFILE

2.1 TOWN PROFILE

Paradeep is a Port Town in the district of Jagatsinghpur in coastal region. It is situated on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It is a coastal town surrounded by Sea and creek on three sides. Paradeep is most important commercial sea port of the country. Paradeep is located at a distance of 125Km from the state capital Bhubaneswar. The Sea port of Paradeep is the oldest existing port of the state of Orissa. Paradeep is one of the Major Ports of India for sea-borne trade of the eastern part of the country spread over States such as Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. The Port started as a mono-commodity port for export of Iron Ore. However, with addition of berths, the Port now handles all types of bulk cargoes and is one of the busiest ports. Paradeep being an emerging commercial coastal belt with rich scope of mining has always been the centre of attraction at the regional scale. However industrialization has become the driving force for the Paradeep urbanization. Paradeep has major industries like IFFCO, IOCL, PPL and various numerous small and medium scale industries within the municipality jurisdiction. Essar is an upcoming industry. Mines are proposed to re-open, which shall again trigger the floating population and economic activities in the city. As there are many industries proposed/coming up in the nearby villages. There is high probability that these villages and outskirts are added to the municipal limits and Paradeep Municipality Limits are extended in the future. Paradeep town is managed by Paradeep municipality which has an elected body. There are 18 administrative wards. This elected body performs its functions within the broad framework of the Municipal law governing the state local authorities.

2.2 CONNECTIVITY

2.2.1 Road Connectivity

Paradeep is well connected by road to all parts of the Orissa. The National Highway-5A passes through Paradeep and links it to three important tourist spots of the state, Udayagiri, Lalitgiri and Ratnagiri. The road along the coast line is simply fascinating which makes the experience of traveling to Paradeep as ecstatic as the destination itself.

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Fig 1: Ward Map, Paradeep Municipality

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2.2.2 Rail Connectivity

One small railway station present within municipal boundary. By rail Paradeep is well connected to Cuttack and Bhubaneswar.

2.2.3 Air Connectivity

Bhubaneswar is the nearest airport to Paradeep Municipality.

2.3 ROADS

Paradeep town has many major, minor and internal roads.

Type of Road Length

15-17 M Wide Road 24Km

6 M Wide Road 32Km

Internal roads-/streets 100Km (Approximately)

Fig 2: Road Map

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2.4 POPULATION PROJECTIONS

An effective statistical tool of ‘least square best fit curve method’ with balance on qualitative side has been used for the population projection of Paradeep municipality.

Paradeep is entertained by major industries including IFFCO and IOCL in its surrounding where numerous small and medium scale with in the municipality jurisdiction. For the year 2012 Paradeep municipality has carried a ward level Social Economic and Caste Survey which has again been verified by the consultant has been used as population figure. During the physical verification it has been evident that ward having slum population has mostly been deviated from the source data. In order to calculate the baseline and future waste generation various sector projections calculation has been carried out. These are mainly projection of municipality residing population, floating population, outside municipal limit industrial population having higher potential to be the part of ULB expansion in near future. Combined figure of all three population projection reach to the appropriate stage of waste generation calculation where effective planning guideline shall be framed. All projections are based on least square method which minimise the chances of error and provides the best fit curve from the existing coordinates.

The ward wise household and population detail of Paradeep municipality has been shown in the table hereunder.

Table 2.1: Ward wise population of Paradeep Municipality of year 2012 Ward No. House Hold Population

1 717 3119

2 1006 4376

3 1250 5438

4 850 3698

5 2315 8857

6 1185 5564

7 1181 4726

8 1093 4755

9 978 4254

10 1310 5977

11 1100 5089

12 425 2046

13 1423 7083

14 1363 6196

15 486 2269

16 859 3366

17 1370 5960

18 1075 4676

Total 19986 87448 Source: Paradeep Municipality & IPE Global

For population projections a combined sum of municipality residing population, floating population and nearly located industrial township population has been taken as reference in

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next sequence of operation. Table below reflects the individual entity population and their overall summation for related waste volume calculation. Population projections are based on combined sum of municipality residing population, floating population, nearly located industrial township population and the population in the outskirts.

Table 2.2: Population Projection

Year Projected Population Year Projected Population

2013 103649 2029 135309

2014 105980 2030 137159

2015 108027 2031 138999

2016 110036 2032 140831

2017 112037 2033 142653

2018 114042 2034 144464

2019 116067 2035 146267

2020 118138 2036 148059

2021 120313 2037 149844

2022 122038 2038 151619

2023 123969 2039 153387

2024 125889 2040 155147

2025 127796 2041 156896

2026 129691 2042 158639

2027 131576 2043 160373

2028 133447

2.5 NO. OF HOUSEHOLDS

No. of households in 18 wards 19986

Townships outside wards 1937

Fringe areas 300

2.6 NO. OF SHOPS

Table 2.3: Number of shops

Ward No. Name of market Approx. No. of Shops

1 Nehru Bunglow 150

2 Baliplot 180

3 Luckpada 200

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Bijaychandrapur

260 Balijhara

Santosh Nagar

6 Atharabanki

7 PPL 50

8 Belt Line 100

10 Kabar Khana 75

9 Tarini Market 70

11 Madhuban Market

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Ward No. Name of market Approx. No. of Shops

12 Cabin Market

13 Jagarnath Temple 30

14 Surrounding of haribolia Matha 32

15 Badapadia 650

16 Nuabazar Mkt. Complex 90

17 & 18 Sandhakuda 235

Total 2122

2.7 OTHER INSTITUTIONS

Table 2.4: Number of shops

Sr. No

Organization Type of buildings Location

1 Indian Oil Corporation Limited.

Refinery Outside Paradeep Municipal boundary

2 IFFCO Fertiliser plant Outside Paradeep Municipal boundary

3 ESSAR Steel Plant Outside Paradeep Municipal boundary

4 PPL Fertiliser Plant Paradeep

5 GOA Carbon Limited Industry Paradeep

6 Cargill Industry Paradeep

7 SKOL Breweries Limited Beer Factory Paradeep

8 Hotel Sea pearl 7 Big Hotels

Paradeep

9 Hotel Paradeep International

Paradeep

10 Hotel Paradeep In Paradeep

11 Hotel Aristrocart Paradeep

12 Hotel Empires Paradeep

13 Hotel Golden Anchor Paradeep

14 Hotel Sree Residency Outside Paradeep Municipal boundary

15 Paradeep Port Trust Medical

2 Hospitals Bada Padia , Paradeep

16 Biju Memorial Hospital Atharbanki, Paradeep

17 PPT Secretary Paradeep

18 Sarala Mandir (Prasad facility available -700-1000 peoples eating Prasad in lunch time of one day)

Paradeep

19 Durga Mandir (Prasad facility available -500-700 peoples eating Prasad in lunch time of one day)

Paradeep

20 Hanuman Mandir (Prasad i.e. meals facility available here occasionally)

Paradeep

21 Hotel Saptagiri 7 Restaurant capacity approx 40 seat per

restaurant

Badapadia,Paradeep

22 Hotel Sagar Bada Padia,Paradeep

23 Hotel Rebika Badapadia, Paradeep

24 Hotel Sree Mandir. Badapadia, Paradeep

25 Hotel Umasakar Paradeep

26 Hotel swosti Paradeep

27 Hotel Brundaban

28 Spl Circuit house 3 Government guest houses Paradeep

29 Jawarlal Nehuru guest Paradeep

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Sr. No

Organization Type of buildings Location

House

30 Panthanivas (OTDC) Paradeep

31 Annamayee 4 Lodges Paradeep

32 Kash Guest House Paradeep

33 Santosh Plaza Paradeep

34 Mayuri Paradeep

2.8 WASTE GENERATION ASSESSMENT

With a view to ascertain the actual quantity of waste generated in the city and its physical and chemical characteristics, primary surveys, field investigations and laboratory tests have been carried out. Total municipal solid waste generation in Paradeep is estimated to be about 51 MT/day.

The details of the waste generation are as hereunder:

Table 1.5: Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Paradeep

All figures in Kg

Category Population Biodegradable Non-

Biodegradable Insert

Waste Total Waste

Paradeep Population (Residential, Floating, Townships, Outskirt Areas)-2014

105980 23739.5 16532.9 40272.4

Shops – (including Markets)

2122 2232.3 1882.2 4114.6

Hotels - 7 large hotels 300 Rooms 150.0 90.0 240.0

Other smaller hotels/Lodges, etc.

500 Rooms 150.0 100.0 250.0

3 Temples with Prasad facility

3 300.0 75.0 375.0

Other Institutions i.e. hospitals, schools, temples, etc.

30 300.0 150.0 450.0

Large Industries 7 105.0 105.0 210.0

Street Sweeping Waste 50gm/capita/

day 5299.00 5299.00

Total Waste (2013) 26976.9 18935.1 5299.0 51211.0

51.2MT

Per capita waste generation 0.483kg/day

Besides, due to roadside plantations and high greenery in the area; there is lot of biomass generated in the town. This is estimated to be around 8-10MT/Day.

Table 2.6: Municipal Solid Waste Composition

Type Waste in MT/Day %

Biodegradable 22.09 43.14

Recyclable 7.74 15.12

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Type Waste in MT/Day %

Inert Materials (Soil and Ash) 17.73 34.63

Construction Waste 3.64 7.11

2.9 FUTURE WASTE GENERATION

The design life of the sanitary landfill has been considered as 25 years. The waste generation accordingly has been projected for 25 years.

Table 2.7. Projection of MSW Generation

Year Projected Population Waste Generation in MT/Day

2013 103649 50.06

2014 105980 51.19

2015 108027 52.18

2016 110036 53.15

2017 112037 54.11

2018 114042 55.08

2019 116067 56.06

2020 118138 57.06

2021 120313 58.11

2022 122038 58.94

2023 123969 59.88

2024 125889 60.80

2025 127796 61.73

2026 129691 62.64

2027 131576 63.55

2028 133447 64.45

2029 135309 65.35

2030 137159 66.25

2031 138999 67.14

2032 140831 68.02

2033 142653 68.90

2034 144464 69.78

2035 146267 70.65

2036 148059 71.51

2037 149844 72.37

2038 151619 73.23

2039 153387 74.09

2040 155147 74.94

2041 156896 75.78

2042 158639 76.62

2043 160373 77.46

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3 EXISTING SWM SITUATION ANALYSIS

The MSW Rules 2000 mandate the following seven essential steps:-

1. Prohibit littering on the streets, promote segregation of recyclable waste at source and ensure storage of waste at source in two bins; one for biodegradable waste and another for recyclable material.

2. Organize Primary collection of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste from the doorstep, (including slums and squatter areas,) at pre-informed timings on a day-to-day basis using containerised tricycle/handcarts/pick up vans.

3. Organize Street sweeping covering all the residential and commercial areas on all the days of the year irrespective of Sundays and public holidays.

4. Abolish open waste storage depots and make provision of covered containers or closed body waste storage depots.

5. Organize Transportation of waste in covered vehicles on a day to day basis avoiding multiple and manual handling of waste.

6. Set up treatment facilities for biodegradable waste using composting or waste to energy technologies meeting the standards laid down in schedule IV.

7. Minimise the waste going to the land fill and dispose of only rejects from the treatment plants and inert material at the engineered landfills meeting the standards laid down in Schedule III of the MSWM Rules 2000.

The present status of compliance of the MSWM Rules 2000 in as under:-

1. In absence of the system of storage of waste at source, indiscriminate disposal of waste on the streets causes nuisance to the people, clog the surface drains, contaminates water bodies, etc. The households, shops and establishments do not store the waste at source to a large extent and continue to throw the waste on the streets and, therefore, the streets continue to remain dirty and littered. In absence of the system of storage of waste at source, indiscriminate disposal of waste on the streets causes nuisance to the people, clog the surface drains, contaminates water bodies, etc. Traditionally, segregation of recyclable waste is partially practiced by households/commercial establishments for sale to kabadiwalas (waste purchasers). Rest of the recyclable material is disposed of by the residents along with organic waste in a mixed form. This waste finds its way on the streets, in the drains, dumping grounds, etc., from where rag pickers collect the waste to earn their livelihood. The compliance in regard to segregation of recyclable waste is reported to be almost Nil. Municipality provided masonry bins within the residential and commercial areas. But those bins are not properly used by the residents, etc.

2. The system of primary collection, street sweeping and transportation of waste from the doorstep has been outsourced to local private contractors in 12 wards in the city. The door to door collection is still partial in these wards. Waste is generally being collected

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through street sweeping and secondary storage points. The practice of primary collection in the wards managed by municipality is minimal.

3. Major areas are swept daily and rests are swept occasionally. Roads have medium to low density. Traditional Handcarts are used without bins for collection of waste from the streets in an inefficient manner and litter bins of various capacities are placed at different locations.

4. Waste storage depots are an eyesore in the city. There are varieties of waste storage depots established in the city. These include open waste storage sites, masonry bins, cement concrete bins and metal containers. Traditional carts (without containers) compel the workforce to deposit the waste on the ground instead of directly transferring the waste into the container. This results in unhygienic condition around the container and necessitates multiple handling of waste.

5. Transportation is not scientifically designed. The transportation work is manual and unscientific and causes nuisance and unsightly appearance. Municipality is having one mini truck, one hydraulic tractor and three hydraulic auto-rickshaws for waste transportation from all places to dumping yard. Some of the vehicles are very old. Waste is being transported by private parties using small tractors.

The Municipality has procured some small vehicles meant for door to door collection of waste. Municipality is having one mini truck, one hydraulic tractor and three hydraulic auto-rickshaws for waste transportation from all places to dumping yard. Municipality is planning to auction the old vehicles.

Name of the vehicle/ equipment & operators

Nos.

Auto 1

Tipper Auto 3

Mini Truck 1

Tractor 1

Hydraulic Tractor 1

Total 7

Drivers 26

6. At present no treatment is going on for the collected municipal waste. The entire waste of the city is disposed of at the dumping grounds untreated.

7. Paradeep municipality does not have any engineered landfill, therefore mixed waste is disposed off in an unscientific manner causing problems of health and environmental degradation. Waste is being dumped since last 20 years and large volume of waste has got accumulated at the dump site.

8. Municipality has 20 permanent and 72 contractual workers. 3 Private parties collectively have hired 287 workers.

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Secondary storage containers

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Unscientific transportation and manual handling of waste

Open Dumping of waste

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4 PROJECT DETAILS

Municipal Solid Waste Management in Paradeep is deficient in all components i.e. source segregation, primary collection, treatment, scientific disposal of waste. The existing Solid Waste Management system lacks adequate infrastructure facilities to meet the norms stipulated in the MSW rules 2000. The town needs to immediately augment municipal solid waste management systems in the city to comply with Rules of Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2000. The present project has been prepared with a view to augment existing Solid Waste Management system by adopting integrated approach.

The project is designed to have the following components:-

The aim of the project is to achieve 100% compliance to the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000. The various steps to be taken by municipal authorities include storage of waste at source in a segregated manner, primary collection of waste from the door steps, street sweeping on a daily basis, secondary storage in covered containers, transportation in covered vehicles, processing of organic matter and disposal of waste at an engineered landfill.

1. Introduce door to door collection from all households including slums & informal settlements, shops and establishments on a day to day basis through containerized rickshaws. Small tipper vehicles have been proposed to collect the waste from commercial establishments, institutions and some selected wards. Project emphasis on IEC to educate the citizens and generators to segregate recyclable waste.

2. Sweeping of streets in all residential and commercial areas everyday including Sundays and Public Holidays. Mechanical Street sweeping is proposed for the identified major roads.

3. All open as well as masonry waste storage sites are proposed to be discontinued. Suitable site containers to be placed in the town.

4. Transportation of waste using vehicles with hydraulic lifting to avoid any manual handling.

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Table 4.3: Equipment and vehicles required SWM Collection and Transportation, Street sweeping & Drain Cleaning

Sr. No. Item of expenditure Requirement

a Tricycles/Wheelbarrows having 6 PE containers of 30 litre capacity each - total volume 180 litre for door to door collection of waste

74

b Containerized handcarts having 6 PE containers of 30litre capacity each - total volume 180litre for collection of street sweeping waste

62

c Metal Tray and Plates - Street Sweeping Equipment (equals number of sweepers) 62

d Seamless Handcarts for Nali De-silting 30

e 1.1 cubic metre containers 161

f Tipper Vehicles 14

g Refuse Collector cum Compactors of 9 cubic metre capacity with hydraulic system to open top lids

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h Mechanical Street Sweeper 2

I Drain clean machine 1

J Pay Loader 1

k JCB 2

5. Looking at the site conditions and all other parameters; following treatment and

processing cycle is proposed for the town. a. Segregation of recyclables at the source – assuming atleast 50% of the recyclables

will be sorted at the source. Rest of the waste will be transported to the treatment and disposal site.

b. Secondary segregation through mechanical process into 4 components: - Wet Organic waste, Dry organic waste, Recyclable waste (Plastic, Metal, etc.) and Inert materials.

c. Composting of dry organic Waste – aerobic composting through windrow method. d. Palletisation or fluffing of dry organic matter. This is optional at the discretion of the

bidder.

6. Disposal of final inert materials i.e. 25% of the total waste will need to be sent for disposal in Sanitary Land fill Site. However the construction debris shall not be collected by the operator.

Table 4.4: Quantity of Waste to be processed

Items Waste in MT

Total Waste 51.2

Recyclable Waste sorted at source (50% of total recyclable waste) 3.8

Waste Transported at Treatment and Processing Site 47.4

Recyclables separated at processing site through mechanical and magnetic separation (40% of the rest available recyclable material)

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Waste to be processed 45.9

Biodegradable waste (60% of waste transported at site) 28.4

Add 10 MT/Day biomass 10.0

Total Biodegradable waste 38.4

Wet Waste to be composted - aerobic method (60% of total biodegradable) 23.1

Dry waste - to be palletised 15.4

Inert Materials 17.4

Rejects 5.77

Total waste to be landfilled 23.21

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7. The ISWM facility would have the following components/units:-

A. Compost unit – this unit will have the following components:-

Unloading platform

Sorting area

Rejects area

Screening area

Composting shed (waste stabilisation shed)

Inoculant store

Maturation shed

Screening section

Compost Store

Bagging unit – bagging, packing equipment and value addition compost store

Loading platform

Office

Laboratory

Water pond

Leachate collection sump

Pumping unit

Water sprinkling unit

Water tanker

Air supplying unit with pipings and pumps

Fire fighting installations

Protective screens and nylon nets for vector control

Electrical back up room

Reject area

Eye Wash & shower room and toilet

0.3 metres wide lined peripheral drain for leachate collection

These units will be on raised platform to avoid sub merged condition. All the facilities will have 1.5mm thick HDPE continuous barrier lining below all floorings .

B. The compost facility will have the following equipment:-

Shredder

R-feeder

Coarse and fine inert material separator

Elevated hopper, flat conveyors, chutes, rubber lined chutes.

Trommels for coarse segregation and fine segregation (one each)

R- Feeders – 2 No.

Weighing scales

Reject hopper

Conveyors – 2 No.

Reject compactor – 1 No.

Windrows composter – 1 No.

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Elgi Compressor – 1 No.

Sweeping brooms, tools and tackles

Electricals and electrical back up

Reject area and reject hopper

C. The compost facility will have the following vehicles:-

Pay loader – 1No. - 1 cubic metre bucket capacity

Tractor with a trailer – 1 No. – 80HP

Bobcat – 1 No.

JCB - 1 No.

Truck -1 no

D. Sanitary Landfill facility will have the following components:-

Raised platform with an earthen dyke on the periphery

Earthen Embankments of 7 metres height (plan dimension 350m x 150m, with a capacity of approximately 150000 cubic metre. Embankment will have a slope of 2.5H:1V on the inner side and on the outer side with a 5 metre road at the top (+ 7.00 level)

Clayey embankments and clay liner with amended clay (15% bentonite)

Double composite liner (Clay liner + Geo-membrane) barrier at bottom

Clay liner + 2.5mm thick Geo-grid and Geo-membrane barrier for the inner sloping side

Top cover consisting of Geo-textile – 300gsm, HDPE Geo- membrane – 1.5mm thick and Clay liner

Drainage layer at bottom, sides and top

Protective layer on the inner sides and bottom

Provision for daily soil cover

Leachate collection system consisting of HDPE pipe, PE100, PN10 laterals (160mm OD) and header (305OD)

Lined concrete Leachate collection sump with pump room

2 nos Leachate pumps

Leachate Recirculation piping

Provision for Temporary HDPE covering system

Daily soil cover platform

Earthen Separation Dykes for Cell management and storm water confinement/diversion

Storm water collection and diversion piping

Peripheral drains

Manholes

Gratings

Passive Gas collection system with piping and vents and 2 nos flaring units.

Back wash piping and pumps for flushing the leachate collection system

Monsoon waste store shed

Rejects Bay

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Water Sprinkler for dust suppression

Ramps – 2 No.

Peripheral road on the Embankment

Yard Lighting

Slope protection all round on the outside toe

Green turfing on Slopes

Landscaping

Buffer zone & safe zone

Green belt

Access Road of 1.5 Km – 10 metre wide

Storm water drain and cross drainage works

Boundary wall on three sides

Water harvesting structures The ISWM facility will have dedicated light vehicles – like motor cycle, pick up van and a jeep for movements.

5 SITE SELECTION – ISWM FACILITY

Reconnaissance surveys have been carried out to find out suitable site for the ISWM facility. Three sites have been identified and finally 1 site has been finalised, the details of which are given as under:

5.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE EXISTING DUMPSITE - SITE 1

Existing dumpsite is located in ward no. 13 (marked in Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-01). The existing dump site is in use since last 20 years and is not found suitable due to following reasons:-

1. Site falls under CRZ-1 zone. 2. The site is on the right bank of Atharhabanki Nadi. 3. The area is small (7 Acres) and cannot accommodate integrated SWM services as

planned. 4. It is close to important installations, habitations, residential areas and religious places

where these activities are not permitted. 5. Access road has schools and residential areas on the way. 6. The site gets inundated even with a lowest intensity occasional rainfall because of being

in a very low lying sub-merged area. 7. It will have adverse impact on the biodiversity in the area.

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Existing dumping site – Site 1

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5.2 ASSESSMENT OF SITE 2

The site is also located in ward no. 13 near the light house further south to the existing dump site (marked in Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-01).

1. The site also falls under CRZ-1 category. 2. The site is close to the Sanata River which is a fresh water river. 3. The site is located between two thickly populated slums where relocation problems will

arise. 4. The PPT Township is being built nearby within 500 metres. 5. The site is in the predominant wind direction towards the city and handling of solid

waste might become extremely difficult due to flying of light weight solid wastes, like paper and polythenes, etc.

6. It is close to important installations, habitations, residential areas and religious places where these activities are not permitted.

7. It is closed to the beach and may lead to drop in tourist and visitors footfall. 8. Access road has residential areas on the way. 9. The site gets inundated even with a lowest intensity occasional rainfall because of being

a very low lying sub-merging area 10. It will have adverse impact on the biodiversity in the area.

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5.3 ASSESSMENT OF SITE 3

In view of the demerits of the above two sites, another site was explored near village Niharuni/Chandni and Ranjiagarh close to new Paradeep Railway Station on the western boundary of the Paradeep Municipal limits which is far off from the sea coast and urban areas. This site shown in the map as site 3 - proposed site - (marked in Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-01). This site has many advantages such as being a place far off from the sea coast, vital installations and is easily accessible by rail and road with relatively less challenges in terms of environmental complications. As no other site is available for such facility with a relatively high ground level (6-8metres above MSL) within a radius of 50Km; this site has been considered. The suitability of site has been jointly visited, discussed and deliberated with all the stakeholders and has been finalised for siting of proposed ISWM facility. Though the site also has many challenges but these can be mitigated by adopting stringent engineering practices.

Site 3. - Proposed site

Existing access to the proposed site

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Location of the proposed project site

6 ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED SITE

6.1 SITE PROFILE

Site Location

The Site is situated on the south western periphery of Paradeep Municipal boundary close to the new Paradeep Railway Station on the north side. It is close to village Niharuni/Chandni and Ranjiagarh. Site is located at longitude is 86O36’ and latitude 20O26’ in Jagatsinghpur District. The site is marked in the toposheet of Survey of India- sheet no. 73L/11 (Drawing no. 3). The site is in a relatively low lying area between numbers of minor drainage channels with average mean sea level of around 1.0 metre. Presently the site is accessible through village roads. Access is possible from new railway station road by making an all-weather haul road of about 600m length (Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-01).

Rainfall

The site is located in heavy rain fall zone. The average annual rainfall is 1500mm. The area experienced highest rainfall of 2525mm in the past. The intensity of rain (max rainfall in 1 hour) is 150mm. The area gets maximum rain during Southwest Monsoon.

Wind

The site falls in the coastal region and experiences high wind of up to 65m/s. The area is prone to severe cyclones, super cyclones during the previous decades. During the storms, the wind velocity goes up-to 250kmph.

Topography

The area is a flat deltaic region with relief of less than 1%. Occasional mounds, sand dunes, water bodies, lagoons and minor creeks are seen in the area remaining most of the time as a swamp area as can be seen in the toposheet of survey India state above. The site has been surveyed by IPE and details are given in the contour map (Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-02). The area is a narrow rectangular patch with a length of 1200 metres and average width around 100 metres.

Hydrogeology

The area is in the Mahanadi deltaic region (11km) close to the confluence of Mahanadi and Bay of Bengal.

The area is in the Mahanadi deltaic region, with Mahanadi River in the north & Santara Nadi in the south and Bay of Bengal in the east. The area is surrounded by fresh water courses, drainage channels, creeks and lagoons. Occasionally, the area is covered with marshy and mud mounds. With rapid industrial and urbanisation, the water courses bear islanded configurations. From the data obtained from the Executive Engineer, Drainage division, Cuttack,

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the area is drained by number of water courses and creeks and gets inundated and remains submerged for most of the year.

The area is covered with sandy soil/alluvium that extends upto great depths. As per the Geological Survey of India and NGRI Hyderabad, the bedrock is available at 473 metres depth. The Alluvium is overlying on the Mahanadi grabbin. The sandy soil upto 65 metres is mostly loose, un-consolidated with SPT value less than 20. A Geo-technical investigation has been carried out by IPE and the geo-technical report is provided as annexure. The characterisation of the soil and chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, spectral analysis, CEC values are being studied and will be shared. The preliminary study indicated that soil contains clayey content and can be used for embankment and clayey barrier with 10 to 15% of bentonite amendment.

Site studies have also been carried out for the samples collected at 3 more local areas for suitability of clay content to be used for the embankment and barrier layer. These locations are shown in the Drawing no. IPE/PM/ISWM/GA-01. The area close to Sanata River on the left as well right bank contains good clay soil which may be brought to the site for use in the facility. Most of the lagoon areas also contain clayey soil. Hence raising the embankments and providing high platform for the facility to avoid submergence will not pose a problem. As the area is surrounded by minor water courses and abutting fresh water lagoons and is 5kms from the sea coast (meandering distance of 10Km), thus site falls under Coastal Regulatory Zone – Category-II.

6.2 SITE APPRECIATION

It is proposed to provide the Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) Facility at the centre of the site leaving ample margin for safe zone, buffer zone, pathways and green belt. In this ISWM facility, waste receiving and sorting arrangements for handling 50-60MT/day, compost plant (35MT/day capacity) for organic waste processing, landfilling (1,60,000 Cubic metre capacity) for the rejects are proposed.

Though the site is a narrow but is a continuous patch of about 50 acres whereby meaningful ISWM facility could be set up i.e. enough space for waste receipt, sorting, recycling, processing, composting and landfilling, etc. could be located.

Clay soil required in large quantities for the construction of the land fill is available in the vicinity and to the north and south of river Sanata close to the sea. The marshy areas and water courses also contain fine fractions and clayey material (sediments) suitable for use in liners.

The soil at the site is found to be sandy loam with a good bearing capacity to support the waste heap load of 17 metres and 4 metres of earthen platform.

The sand mounds available in the vicinity could be utilised as drainage layer material at the bottom sides and top cover of the landfill.

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Power and communication are available at the site. Ground water, water for operation is available throughout the year.

Open spaces and land are available at all sides of the periphery for developing safe greenery and safe zone to cut-off the facility from the human inventions.

Site does not have many live ground water drinking wells/pumps, etc. on all the four sides. As the well density in and around the site is less, the facility could be located at the site.

The site is very far from the Airport; hence doesn’t need clearances from the Aviation Department.

Relatively, the area is far from habitation problems as more unused rural areas exist on the periphery of the site.

The road connectivity is very good as the site is accessible from the national highway and state highway from the west and major industrial roads from the east. Movement of waste could be done with ease.

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ON THE SITE

Site being in Coastal Regulatory Zone – Category-II - has many challenges which are described below:-

Proximity to the habitation - The site is closed to rural habitation on the western periphery. Two villages namely, Niharuni/Chandni and Ranjiagarh (located within 500m). Besides another permanent township of IOCL, this is beyond 500m.

The site falls under low tide area; several water courses travels across the site. Historically, it is in sub-mergence with a low mean sea level. Part of the area forms a wet land but without mangroves and cognizable biodiversity.

Water table is very low and practically it is 0.5 metres below the ground level hence ground water and sub-soil contamination is possible.

The sub soil is loose, un-consolidated sandy soil with very high permeability hence percolation of the leachate and gas is possible through the sub soil.

The site is surrounded by potable water courses that lead to water reservoir. Any laxity may lead to contamination of drinking water sources as technically no cut-off walls are possible to isolate.

Large quantities of coarse good quality filter material (gravel/aggregate) for the drainage layer is required for the work. The material is to be brought from about 100kms as the same is locally not available.

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The area experiences cyclones, tsunamis and abnormal wind as it is located in the coastal area. The abnormal winds lift off and may disperse the solid waste/plastic, paper, etc. in the air.

The heavy downpour inundates most of the canals and low lying areas because of flat ground surface with relatively low relief.

The continued stagnation might cause mosquito breeding and in sanitary conditions effecting public health in general.

6.4 STRINGENT MEASURES TO MITIGATE ENVIRONMENT CHALLENGES ON THE SITE

The ISWM facility shall be built with state of the art practices with stringent engineering. As the site is surrounded by water from all sides; all efforts should be made to contain pollution and protect water bodies, ground water, underground soil, ambient air and biodiversity by adopting appropriate remedial measures as discussed below.

The ground level of the whole installation shall be raised well above the road level approximately to 3 metres from the existing level. This is required:-

- To avoid inundation and water logging - Avoid contamination of the sub-soil and underground water by leachate, generation

of gas and pollution through wind - Provide access to the site in all-weather seasons - Facilitate meaningful quick drainage to the entire area

Protect the whole complex by clayey dyke all round to safeguard the facility against low tide, submergence, unusual rainfall and high winds.

Provide superior lining system (double composite liner) where possible in place of simple sanitary lining for the landfill and preventive geo-membrane barrier layer for the entire site to cut off the transmission of the leachate and gas through sub soil.

The landfill will be designed as a bio-reactor type landfill (where-in the leachate is re-circulated to speed up the putrification of the organic matter.

The periphery of the dyke shall be raised by 1 metre to avoid spill over of the waste.

Where possible constructing solid raised boundary wall in place of fencing to avoid vector nuisance as the site is in swamp area. Where possible, enclosures will be provided with nets, wind screen and hanging creepers to improve the sanitary conditions and aesthetics.

As the site is cyclone and tsunami prone, adopting cyclone/tsunami resistant constructional measures for the facilities such as following smaller structural modules, concrete framed

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type structures, providing enough toe protection to the embankments is recommended. Steep slopes for the embankments are to be avoided.

As the area in general experiences heavy rainfall (1500mm) and extreme winds (250kmph), concrete slopped roof will need to be provided to avoid lift of and quick drainage.

As the site is basically sandy, clayey soil amended with 15% bentonite will need to be provided in the liners to arrest the transmission of leachate and gas through finger cracks in clay.

All waste water and run-off at the site will be impounded, treated and utilised in the facility. Effluent from the site will be practically minimised by recirculation.

As the site is closed to the drinking water reservoir to the north, no discharge will be allowed from the facility to enter into any water course, stream or tidal nallah. The facility will have arrangements for pumping out the liquid waste after treatment, if any. Similarly, the landfill facility will transport the hazardous waste, if any to the hazardous waste landfill facility.

The fool proof leak detection system together with ground water monitoring wells and gas monitoring wells is envisaged for early detection of the contamination, if any in the sub-soil/vadose zone. For release of gas flaring-up devices (2 nos.) shall be provided so as to release the excess gas pressures.

The area will be cut-off from pest, animals and unauthorised persons in order to eliminate the contamination. Further all outgoing vehicles shall be provided with mandatory washing facility to minimise the spreading of contamination by vehicles.

A state-of-the-art laboratory with dedicated staff shall be provided to inspect, test, and accept/reject the waste entering the facility. This would ensure the safe operation of the facility.

The post-closure care of landfill site would need to be conducted for at least 20 years and the following conditions should be continually monitored. This is necessary for:-

o Maintaining the integrity and effectiveness of final cover, making repairs and preventing run-on and run-off from eroding or otherwise damaging the final cover.

o Monitoring leachate collection system in accordance with the standards specified o Maintaining groundwater quality and monitoring of ground water in accordance with

standards specified o Maintaining the passive venting landfill gas collection system to meet standards

Closed landfill site can be used after fifteen years of post-closure monitoring can be considered for gardens, golf courses, parks apart from human settlement.

Adopting fool proof QA/QC procedures in all stages of construction, operations and closure.

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7 ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT & MITIGATION MEASURES

Integrated solid waste management would reduce negative impacts on environment, public health.

1) The ISWM facility is meant to handle only sanitary/processed municipal waste. If this facility is not set up, open dumps at many places are threat to the environment and may lead to in-sanitary conditions.

2) While setting up ISWM facility on the proposed site, no compromise will be done with the water bodies, ground water, underground soil, ambient air and biodiversity by adopting appropriate remedial measures as described above. fool proof QA/QC procedures will be adopted in all stages of construction, operations and closure. The clay and synthetic liners are so selected to protect the facility for over few decades.

3) The facility has sanitary landfill wherein the organic components transform into the gas. The gas may sometimes cause explosion or asphyxiation if adequate precautions are not taken. In this case, the landfill is small and organic component are separated and processed at the compost facility and only inert material is disposed in the landfill. Adequate arrangements with passive gas extraction vents are provided and hence no cause to worry. 2 numbers gas flaring units have been proposed. These will be utilised to release the excess gas pressures. Adequate, fire fighting arrangements with water storage and fire fighting equipment have been proposed to mitigate and handle any incidents of fire, if any at site.

4) Sometimes, the VOCs and PCBs find entry into the landfill if due care is not taken at the time of accepting the wastes. These will be arrested by the geo- membrane layer. The facility is in fact provided with double composite liner system at the bottom sides and top cover to prevent any leachate, gas into the ground sub-soil, air and water. The basic barrier liner is clay. If the clay is dry and not properly placed, it may lead to finger cracking. The gas or the leachate may sometimes escape and contaminate the ground water or soil. Likewise, due to constructional deficiencies in the placement/continuous welding of geo-membrane barrier or any crack may lead to escaping of leachate or gas into the sub-soil and water. This is proposed to be obviated by taking up stringent quality control measures at all stages of construction (design, engineering, procurement, installation, testing, etc.). As the landfill is proposed to done following state of the art engineering practices and all care will be taken the chance of leakage are remote. Even if there is any leakage, the fool proof leak detection system together with ground water monitoring wells and gas detection system is envisaged for early detection of the contamination, if any in the sub-soil/vadose zone.

5) Modern laboratory and control room, peripheral green belt would make the system eco-friendly and reliable. Ample lawns, green belts are recommended to improve aesthetics.

6) The ISWM facility will be provided with access road, power supply, illumination, water and other service facilities round the clock. These in turn will benefit the nearby rural residents.

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7) The proposal of setting up ISWM facility does not call for any displacement and relocation of any habitation.

8) All open and concrete dumps and containers would be abolished in the city. This will reduce health hazards on public health. Since manual handling of waste will be mechanised to the great extent; the impact on the health of the workers will be reduced significantly. Transportation in the containers in covered vehicles would minimise the impacts on the health of the workers and spillages in the transit. The project would stop all uncontrolled burning and dumping of waste negating the air, water and soil pollution. The proposed measures would minimise the rampant pollution of water bodies in the area by controlling the littering in the city. The littering by stray animals dogs, etc. will be completely minimised.

9) The wastes will be used effectively utilised through segregation at source, composting, and recycling, the waste going to the landfill will be minimised reducing the burden on the land.

10) Although the project would involve excessive use of fossil fuel for the operating vehicles as these will be deployed for the transportation of the waste, causing air and noise pollution; the benefits of harvesting the organic waste to organic manure are far more beneficial.

11) Though the landfill is meant for municipal solid waste; sometimes liquid waste may also come which may create problems at the landfill site. However, to avoid such incidences inspection acceptability criteria and classification of the waste will be adopted. The landfill facility will have authority to reject such wastes, if any.

12) In any industry, the phenomenon of industrial trauma is common. At the facility; though all operations are mechanised there would be human interface also. The waste handling workers may get bruises, skin disorders, if they come in direct physical contact with the waste. Similarly, they may get eye burns, breathing problems, asthma, silicosis, etc. if they inhale dust or air borne particles over a period of time. To overcome such occupational health hazards, provisions such protective safety and protective devices to all the workmen like gloves, aprons, gum-boots, masks, etc. will be provided. The facility will have a first aid arrangement, access to shower & eye wash with an oxygen bank at the site. These will eliminate the potential occupational health risks, if any. A manned control room with good communication facilities is proposed at the facility to attend to any emergencies. All the workmen will need to be provided medical and accidental insurance.

13) Project would not only improve the handling of solid waste and safe disposal but would also uplift the socio-economic profile of various stakeholders including local population in terms of employment potential. Project will provide employment opportunities to the villagers.

14) The project would improve the overall hygiene and cleanliness in the city.

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8 FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT

8.1 GENERAL

A detailed financial assessment has been carried out for the project. The assumptions made for the assessment is as per the prevailing market rates. The objective of the financial analysis is to assess the sensitivity in terms of consideration towards Capital Cost, Tipping Fee and Cleaning Fee. It is pertinent that the process and the specifications have already being pre-defined in order to minimise the variation in the Project Costing.

The financial analysis of the project has been carried out considering the account for Capital Cost, Tipping Fee and Cleaning Fee as variable parameter. A sensitivity analysis has been done in order to see the optimal combination of these figures.

The following set of assumptions has been adopted for the purpose of assessing the viability of the project. The Private Operator would be free to assume completely different set of values for independent assessment.

8.2 ASSUMPTIONS

The financial analysis for the project is based on the following set of assumptions:

a. The total land area is 50 acres

b. The Land Price has been not been added as the land to be provided by the Government.

c. The project construction period is estimated at 15 months

d. The Debt Equity ratio assumed is 60:40. Term loans are assumed at a 12% interest rate with a 2-year capital moratorium from opening followed by 10-year capital repayment program, in all 12 years from opening.

e. A general rate of inflation of 6.5% has been applied to all appropriate revenue and expense categories. This takes into account historical trends and the consultant's estimates of economy.

f. For computation of the Equity Rate of Return (EIRR) under different scenarios a 25-year time frame has been assumed which is linked to the Contract Period.

Refer table below for a summary of the financial assumptions.

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Table 9.1: Financial Assumptions

S. No. Assumptions

1. Land Price Nil

2. Debt: Equity 60:40

3. Moratorium 0.75 years

4. Draw down 1.5 years

5. Repayment 10 Years

6. Total Loan Tenure 12 Years

7. Interest Rate on term loans/ borrowings 12 % p.a.

8. Grant from the Authority Multiple options (variable)

9. Interest during Construction 12%

10. Cost escalation (with base year 2012) 6.5%

11. Implementation Period 15 months

12. Contract Period (including const. period) 25 years

8.3 PROJECT COST

The project cost has been estimated on the basis of similar nature of work considering the Schedule of Rate applicable for the state. The total Landed Project Cost is estimated to be Rs. 29.03 crores. To arrive at the Landed Project cost, Fees and Development costs, interest during construction, contingencies, insurance etc. have been assumed.

Table 9.2: Project Cost

Sr. No. Item of expenditure Cost (in lakh)

1 Primary collection, street sweeping, drain cleaning, secondary storage and transportation of waste 461

2 Treatment & disposal of waste 1894

Compost Plant Land Fill

3 Site Development/grading/landscaping 213

4 Design, Engineering and ICE 53

5 Contingency (7.5%) 197

6 Interest During Construction (12%) 66

7 Insurance (0.5%) 12

8 Financing charge (1%) 9

Total landed project Cost 2905

The project would require intermediate capital expenditure towards replacement of the equipment and vehicles (for primary collection, street sweeping, drain cleaning, secondary storage and transportation of waste). Accordingly, keeping in view the life of these equipments, it is proposed to replace them after a span of 7-8 years. It is expected that such equipment and vehicles shall be replaced twice during the Contract period of 25 years. Accordingly the expenditures towards replacement of such equipment and vehicles have been built in the financial model.

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8.4 REVENUE STREAMS TO DEVELOPER

a. User fee: The right to demand/collect the user fee towards ISWM, shall remain with the Paradeep Municipality. The Private Operator shall not demand any fee from the users.

b. Income from compost plant, RDF plant and Recyclables: The Private Operator shall be free to generate revenue by selling of Compost, RDF and recyclables. the Concessionaire shall be free to sell any components of solid waste and products derived or produced from the Plant as a consequence of undertaking the processing of the solid waste including compost or RDF or fluff or gas or any other products or by-products, other material recovered or produced from solid waste, without any interference or requirement of any additional clearance or approval in this regard from the Authority. The facility however, shall be exclusively used to process municipal waste generated in the city only.

c. Capital Cost, Tipping Fees and Cleaning Fees: The Private Operator shall be paid, Tipping Fee per MT of solid waste and Cleaning Charges as per the bid. Also there would be a consideration towards the Capital Cost that the bidder shall quote in his bid. The bidders shall be free to quote any combination of these cost/price elements over the period of the contact.

Note: Considering the recurring expenses towards street sweeping and drain cleaning that are irrespective of the quantum of Solid Waste generated, the ‘Cleaning Fee’ has been segregated from the Tipping fee and to be paid to the Private Operator.

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Site Map

Site Map 1: Location of Paradeep

JAGATSINGHPUR DIST

KEY MAP

PARADEEP

JAGATSINGHPUR DIST

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R. Mahanadi

INDIA

Odisha

Site Map 2: Location of Project site on Toposheet

Site Map 3: Location of Project site at Paradeep Municipality

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Site Map 4: Survey plan of the project site

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Site Map 5: General Layout Plan of the Facility

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Site Map 6: General Layout plan of the Landfill

Lay out Plan of the Facility

1. General

The Key Plan for the Facility has been prepared keeping in view the size and the shape of the

land. It is to be noted that the land shape is longitudinal. Also the site poses various challenges in

terms of water logging and quality of soil. With due consideration to all the challenges, the Lay

out plan has been prepared. As detailed out in the “Site Map 5 – General Lay out of the Facility”,

it is suggested that the processing facility is established at the North-east part, whereas for the

Land fill to be designed at the wider portion of the land.

The area assigned for various facilities as part of the ISWM at Paradeep is as hereunder:

Area Statement

Sl. No. Description Area

Sqm. Acre

1 Covered Waste Store 4,593 1.14

2 Receipt Area 17,597 4.35

3 Parking at entry 2,348 0.58

4 Substation 2,206 0.55

5 Roads 18,298 4.52

6 MSW Landfill 14,477 3.58

7 Daily Cover Equipment Parking

Yard 10,605 2.62

8 MSW Compost Plant 18,039 4.46

9 Pond Treatment Plant 5,613 1.39

10 RDF Unit 1,765 0.44

11 Nursery 6,913 1.71

12 Area under Buffer Zone 26,857 6.64

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Area of Raised Platform

(excluding roads within raised

platform and MSW landfill)

26,022 6.43

14 Sump 125 0.03

15 ETP 125 0.03

16 Rest open Area 57,325

14.16

Total Area 212,910

52.60

The lay out suggested as part of this document has been prepared keeping in view the waste

quantity, land availability and other constraints. Although recommended, a modification in the

proposed lay out can be suggested by the Bidder as part of his bid. However, the lay out

suggested by the Bidder shall be reviewed by the Owner or the Owner’s representative.

2. Landfill

The Landfill design is the most important element of the project. It is therefore suggested that the

Bidder shall strictly adhere to the technical specification specified in this document. The ISWM

facility shall be built with state of the art practices with stringent engineering measures, As the

Site is surrounded by water from all sides; all efforts should be made to contain pollution and

protect water bodies, ground water, underground soil, ambient air and biodiversity by adopting

appropriate remedial measures. The ground level of the whole installation shall be raised well

above the road level approximately to 3 metres from the existing level (1m MSL). It is

recommended that the whole complex to be protected by clayey dyke to safeguard the facility

against tidal submergence, unusual rainfall and high winds. The periphery of the dyke shall be

raised by 1 metre to avoid spill-over of the waste. The fool proof leak detection system together

with ground water monitoring wells and gas monitoring wells shall be provided for early

detection of the contamination, if any in the sub-soil/vadose zone. The general layout indicated

the positioning of these well.

A total of about 26,000 Sqm (6.43 acres excluding area for road) has been suggested in the

general lay out plan for Landfill.

3. Processing Plant

As the total municipal solid waste generated in the city is about 50 TPD out of which the

biodegradable waste would be about 40 TPD, it is suggested that the composting plant is

designed for a capacity of about 40 TPD. The Operated shall augment the capacity of the

processing plant time to time depending of the waste generation and utilisation of the plant. The

Technology for processing of waste is proposed to be windrow composting. However, the Bidder

shall have the flexibility to adopt processes for resource separation and recycling of plastic,

metal, glass etc. The general lay out plan suggests peripheral green belt and provision of nets,

wind screen and hanging creepers wherever possible to improve the sanitary conditions and

aesthetics. The area allocated under general layout plan for the processing plant is about 18,000

Sqm (4.46 acre).

The Bidders are encouraged to design the Lay out plan so as to utilise the land effectively. It is

recommended that a green belt at the periphery and a nursery is developed within the Facility.

Service Area Map

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