March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna1 Successes and Failures in Transport Planning Case studies in Budapest and in Eastern Europe Csaba OROSZ (PhD)

March 13, 2006 Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna 1

Successes and Failures in Transport Planning

Case studies in Budapest and in Eastern Europe

Csaba OROSZ (PhD) associate professor

Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsFaculty of Civil Engineering

Department of Highway and Railway Engineering

H-1111, Budapest, XI. Műegyetem Quay. 3., HUNGARYTel: +36 1 463-3805 Fax: +36 1 463-3799E-mail: [email protected], or [email protected]


Topics

1) Introduction – changes in Eastern-Europe.

2) Facts on Budapest.

3) Success stories.

4) Mixed experiences.

5) Failures, controversial side-effects.

6) Alternative solutions.

7) Conclusions.


1. Introduction

1) Increasing travel time.

2) Increasing car-ownership+car-use.

3) Increasing urban congestion.

4) Public transport – revenues, subsidies.5) Decreasing level of service

(the ratio of sitting and satisfied passengers).

6) Push and pull measures (parking)

Many Eastern-European regions face well-known changes in travel patterns:


2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ I ]

The Population of BudapestDie Bevölkerung von Budapest

2,08 mill

1,70 mill

1,90 mill

1,53 mill

1 400 000

1 600 000

1 800 000

2 000 000

19

70

19

80

19

90

20

00

20

10

20

20

20

30

20

40


2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ II ]

Number of Daily Trips per PersonAnzahl der Fahrten pro Tag

2,092,21

2,39

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040


2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ III ]

Modal split: Public Transport(60% - 2005)

Modal Split des ÖPNV

604550

30

90 8767

0

20

40

60

80

100

19

70

19

80

19

90

20

00

20

10

20

20

20

30

20

40

optimistic

realistic

pessimistic


2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ IV ]

1978 1982-84 1992-94 1999

Bus in Budapest 26,7% 22,9% 16,0% -Trains 11,3% 24,6% 8,7% -Regional Bus 42,9% 14,3% 8,2% -

38,2%

Public TransportÖffentlicher Verkehr

18,7%

Trips crossing the border of BudapestFahrten zwischen Budapest und dem Ballungsraum

59,8%

Other Motorised TripsSonstiger motorisierter Verkehr

Passenger CarsIndividueller Verkehr

-

1,9% - 7,3% -


Total Traffic Through the Danube BridgesVerkehrsaufkommen an Donaubrücken

0

100 000

200 000

300 000

400 000

500 000

600 000

700 000

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Ave

rage

Dai

ly T

raffi

c [P

CU

/day

]

Traffic on Danube Bridges Trend Line

2. Some Facts on the Region of Budapest [ V ]

Concerning the Trend Line it is evident, that we need new capacity over the Danube in

the near future


The present structure of the road network in the Central (Budapest) Region

Missing section of Ring Motorway (M0) causes continuous traffic problems on the outer ringroad


The future (planned) structure of the Central (Budapest) Region


3. Success stories [ I ]

No Descriptionof measure

Comments, results Lesson for

Eastern Europe A B C

1. Parking Management

Reduced inner city car-use. Effects short term parking mainly. Border effects.

Should be introduced as soon as possible.

2. Bus and Tram Priority

Physical barriers are effective. Small benefits for regional traffic.

Wide use needed with effective enforcement.

3. Intercity rail services

With “InterPici”-es, (with quick feeder trains) it is quite effective. Makes better modal split in the whole region.

Regional and international connections needed.


3. Success stories [ II ]No

Descriptionof measure

Comments, results Lesson for Eastern

Europe A B C

4. Suburban rail services

Decrease of patronage is slower [Siemens-Desiro trains to Piliscsaba-Esztergom].

Badly needed. Regularity, frequency, reliability, comfort!

5. Bus/coach services

Some companies have proved to be very innovative and attractive.

Mixed experiences in urban congestion. Severe parking problems for tourist buses!

A well-loaded bus is environmentally much better than unloaded cars and/or empty trains.

Some competition should be encouraged.

6. Good quality interchanges

Neighbourhood of interchanges becomes a pleasant place to stay at.

Such developments are needed internationally. Good locations to attract capital investments.


3. Success stories [ III ]



Europe

A B C

7. Building Metro line 4.

1. It is postponed for 15 years.

2. Endless discussions.

Bad decision is better than no decision

8. New Siemens trams to line 4-6. (Ring road of Budapest)

~ 14000 passangers per directions in peak hour. Almost a metro line.

Low floor, good quality solutions needed for such a busy line. Passenger with ties may come back.

9. New Volvo busses. Bus N° 7 + upgreading metro line too

New image. Brave priority measures.

Space back to pedestrians. Brave measures in emergency. [East station Baross Circus]


4. Mixed experiences



Europe A B C

10. The rehabilitation of some tram tracks

Positive multiplication effects are observed. A lot of other projects are needed to catch up with the "pilots".

In such a region, physical separation is needed.

11. Shopping centres

Shopping centres artificially substitute traditional city and district centres.

Careful land-use planning is needed. However most shopping centres may not win.


5. Failures, Controversial Side-Effects



Europe

A B C

12. Employment parking, +push and pull measures in parking.

That is the major reason why urban road pricing is needed in a longer term.

[Parking: free Saturday, tariff reductions, political discounts, etc.]

This is a key problem for Eastern Europe.

13. Institutional co-operation

The major reason against a real common transport system around Budapest.

These problems will be eliminated, when political culture improves.


6. Alternative solutions in the case of Budapest [ I ]

1) The network remains basically free of chargeNo money, present situation remains - business as usual

2) Complete – perfect – road pricing based on external costsAll bridges are tolled + Cordon pricing at ring-roadAt present politically impossible

3) Road pricing with compromises (rational alternative)

Basically tolled new network elements (M0 ring motorway, Danube bridges, specific links)

Transport financing can be solved = basis of sustainable transport development!

4) Scientifically managed congestion with some charged fast (bus?) lanes.

Better level of service – better modal split


6. Alternative solutions in the case of Budapest [ II ]

The present structure of the road network in the Central (Budapest) Region

Possible well-financed future structure of the road network with tolled links and sections


Newly built infrastructure elements


Bushaltestelle mit ”negativ Insel”Bus stop

ÖPNV PrioritätBus priority scheme with barrier


Bus stop with individual bus lane(Budapest, Hungária outer ring road – Thököly Avenue)


Nur Finanzministerium!Only for the Ministry Financial Affairs!


Nur für Wirtschaftsministerium!Only for the Ministry of Economic Affairs!

Nur für Busse!Only for buses!


Parken an der TU Budapest um 8:30Parking at BUTE at 8:30 a.m.

Parken an der TU Budapest um 10 UhrParking at BUTE at 10 a.m.


New intermodal public transport station.


1) It is clear, that the appropriate use of physical planning, legal and economical instruments of Mobility Management

a) has to improve the competitiveness of Public Transport and

b) has to demonstrate the real time and money costs for the too frequent car users

2) Institutional issues are crucial. Co-operation is very limited (government, region, city, districts)

3) These are the major barriers against the establishment of

common regional transport system and services.

7. Conclusions


Thank You for Your attention.

Thanks for support of:Balázs ERCSÉNYI MscLajos KIBÉDI-VARGA

Éva KOZÁKBalázs PÁSTI

Judit URECZKY

Csaba OROSZ (PhD)associate professor

[email protected], or [email protected]

Documents

March 13, 2006Csaba OROSZ, Impacts, Vienna1 Successes and Failures in Transport Planning Case studies in Budapest and in Eastern Europe Csaba OROSZ (PhD)