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REASONS FOR INCREASED VIOLENCE IN SOCIETY
• Substance Abuse• Breakdown of families• Mad vs. Bad Controversy• Mass media• Mainstreaming• Less internalization of conflict• Increased stress levels
SEVEN THEORIES OF AGGRESSION
1. Inherent part of human nature2. Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis3. Social Learning Model4. Territorial Integrity5. Means of Communication6. Developmental Fixation7. Means of controlling others
COMMON DEFENSE MECHANISMS
• Displacement• Projection• Reaction Formation• Rationalization• Splitting• Denial• Acting Out
FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE
• Pituitary stimulates adrenal glands• Adrenaline stimulates vagus nerve• Nerve stimulates heart muscle• Heart muscle pumps harder• Blood vessels to inner organs constrict• Blood vessels to muscles dilate• Muscles receive richly oxygenated blood• Brain and inner organs receive less• Increased guardedness and defense
FLIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE cont.
• Brain starts to shut down• Judgment is poor• Quality of thought is diminished• May feel queasy or light-headed• Muscles tire out• Feeling of being drained & exhausted• Depression and depletion• Gradual return to normal energy level
ASSAULT CYCLE
MINUTES
ENERGY LEVEL
ACTING OUT
TRIGGER
ESCALATIONDE-ESCALATION
POST CRISIS RECOVERY
JUDGMENT
ZONES OF TERRITORIALITY
SOCIAL
PERSONAL
INTIMATE
• 7’ to 12’• 4’ to 7’
• 2’ to 4’• 18” to 24”
• 8” to 18”• Touch to 8”
HOW TO MANAGE G.A.S.
• Deep breathe• Monitor vitals• Avoid defensiveness• Avoid overreaction• Get control of yourself before you try to
control the situation
WHAT NOT TO DO
• Don’t make demands• Don’t make threats• Don’t intimidate• Don’t invade space• Don’t assign blame• Don’t lecture• Don’t personalize comments
WHAT TO DO
• Negotiate• Stay “rationally detached”• Keep your distance• Set limits• Provide choices• Empathize• Maintain equal height• Listen, then listen more
POSSIBLESOLUTIONS
• Focus on easing chaos• Avoid dependence on logic• Help student to “save face”• Avoid ultimatums• Assure safety• Stay in control of yourself• Use positive self talk
STAGES OF INTERVENTION
• Stage 1: Education• Stage 2: Avoidance of Conflict• Stage 3: Appeasement• Stage 4: Deflection• Stage 5: Time-Out• Stage 6: Show of Force• Stage 7: Seclusion• Stage 8: Restraints• Stage 9: Sedation
Not available
FOLLOW-UP
• Check in with student later• Communicate with staff • Document the incident• Debrief with student and staff• Use it as learning experience
MOST CRITICAL FUNCTION IS SAFETY
• Assure the safety of the student• Assure the safety of other students• Assure the safety of yourself
THREE AREAS TO KEEP IN MIND
• Maintain a balance:• Care about yourself and students• Consider welfare of you and the student.• Consider safety and security first and always:
for yourself and the student
BURNOUT PREVENTION
• Expect good behavior whether you get it or not.
• Believe in the goodness of people whether you have evidence of it or not.
• See people as loveable whether they deserve it or not.
• Maintain relationships for the long haul even if they are not working in the moment.